CN102436054B - Composite primary reflector supporting device for large telescope - Google Patents

Abstract

A composite support device for a main reflector of a large telescope, relating to the technical field of photoelectric observation equipment, which solves the problem that the support force of the existing main reflector support mechanism has a great influence on the surface deformation of the main reflector. When the main reflector has a large diameter, The problem that will affect the imaging quality, the radial floating support mechanism and the back floating support mechanism of this device both use the lever mechanism to support the main reflector, and use the component force of the counterweight along the axial and radial direction of the main reflector to make the main reflector The support structure of the mirror is simplified, the overall weight is reduced, and the direction of the support force provided by the counterweight through the support rod changes with the attitude of the main reflector, automatically adapting to the demand for support force; between the radial support rod and the bushing, the back support rod Steel balls are used for the transition between the bushing and the two movable support rods and the fixed part to form rolling friction, so that the structure of the present invention has an automatic adjustment function for temperature changes, and avoids additional stress on the main reflector due to temperature changes.

Description

A Composite Supporting Device for Large-Scale Telescope Main Reflector

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric observation equipment, in particular to a supporting device for a main reflector of a large telescope.

Background technique

With the rapid development of deep space exploration and measurement and control technology, extremely high requirements are placed on the imaging quality and operating distance indicators of photoelectric measurement equipment, so the demand for large-aperture telescopes continues to increase. The main reflector in the telescope is a key component of photoelectric measuring equipment, and its surface shape plays a decisive role in the imaging quality of the optical system. The support of the main reflector often adopts different structures according to its diameter. Most of the ground-based photoelectric measuring equipment with a caliber of 500mm to 700mm can meet the requirements by adopting the traditional three-point positioning multi-point support on the back and the weight support radially distributed on the circumference of the main reflector. For a telescope with a meter-level aperture, more floating radial supports are needed to improve the accuracy of the support surface. Due to the problem of support efficiency, only a small area of the circumference of the main reflector is suitable for radial support, so the radial support for the large-size main reflector needs to be moved to the back hole. One of the important problems to be solved for the radial weight support moved to the back hole is to be able to adapt to the slight relative displacement between the fixed base plate and the main reflector due to temperature changes, and to ensure that the fixed base plate has no additional force on the main reflector, followed by Improve the utilization efficiency of the weight of the hammer. The closest prior art with the present invention is the supporting mechanism of the primary reflector of the 600mm telescope with a diameter developed by Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, as shown in Figure 1, comprising a primary reflector 1, a supporting base part, Heavy hammer radial support mechanism, back support part. The support base part includes base 6, center positioning shaft 3, center hole bushing 2, weight through hole 9; weight radial support mechanism includes side support plate 4, side support steel ball 5, counterweight rod 7, bracket 10 , Heavy hammer 8;

The weight radial support mechanism consists of four weight mechanisms with the same structure. When the main reflector 1 is in the horizontal position, there are mechanisms a and b on the top of the main reflector and on both sides of the center line. There are mechanisms c and d at the bottom and on both sides of the center line. The two weight mechanisms above and below the main reflector, namely a, b and c, d, are arranged symmetrically, as shown in Figure 2. The back support part has three support points distributed at the back of the main reflector at 120°; the base is a cylindrical frame, and a central positioning shaft is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom, and the upper end of the central positioning shaft extends into the center of the main reflector In the bushing in the hole, when the main reflector is in the horizontal position, the three points of the back support are evenly distributed on the same diameter circle on the back of the main reflector, the support seat is installed on the base, and the upper surface of the support plate is on the main reflector Support steel balls are installed in the groove on the upper end of the support seat, the lower surface of the support plate is in contact with the support steel balls, the weight of the weight mechanism passes through the weight through hole on the base, and the bracket is fixed on the base. The bottom plate hole of the bracket is set on the top of the weight, the bottom of the weight rod is inserted into the middle hole of the weight, the upper end is installed with a side support plate through the shaft hole, and the arc surface of the side support plate is supported on the peripheral edge of the main reflector.

The main problems of this main mirror support mechanism are: the number of side support components is limited, the efficiency is not high, the support force has a great influence on the surface deformation of the main mirror, and when the main mirror has a large aperture, it will affect the imaging quality .

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem that the support force of the supporting mechanism of the existing main reflector has a great influence on the surface deformation of the main reflector, and when the aperture of the main reflector is large, the imaging quality will be affected, the invention provides a large-scale telescope main reflector composite support device.

A composite supporting device for a main reflector of a large telescope, the device includes a supporting base part and a fixed back supporting part; the supporting base part includes a base, a central hole bushing, and a central positioning shaft; the base is cylindrical, and The central position fixes the central positioning shaft, and the upper end of the central positioning shaft extends into the central hole sleeve of the main reflector; the fixed back support part includes a back support seat, a support steel ball, and a back support plate; the support device also includes a radial and a back support. Composite support part; the radial and back composite support parts are divided into a radial floating support mechanism and a back floating support mechanism, and the radial floating support mechanism includes a bushing, a radial support rod, a radial support steel ball, and a counterweight box , a radial counterweight, a support frame, and a radial support fixed shaft; the back floating support mechanism includes a back support steel ball, a back support rod and a back support counterweight assembly;

The bush is installed in the blind hole on the back of the main reflector, the support frame is fixed on the base, and the radial support rod uses the radial support fixed shaft as the fulcrum to support the main reflector on the bush through radial support steel balls. Mirror, adjust the weight of the radial counterweight to provide radial support for the primary mirror;

The back support seat in the fixed back support part is installed on the base, the groove at the upper end of the back support seat is equipped with support steel balls, the lower surface of the back support plate is in contact with the support steel balls, and the back support plate The upper surface of the main reflector is pressed against the back of the main reflector. The back support steel ball, back support rod and back support counterweight assembly in the back floating support mechanism use the counterweight box in the radial floating support mechanism as a support, and the back support rod passes through the top The back support steel balls in the groove act on the bushing to support the main reflector; by adjusting the weight of the back support counterweight, the main reflector is provided with an axial support force.

The working principle of the present invention: the radial floating support mechanism and the back floating support mechanism in the device of the present invention both use a lever mechanism to support the main reflector, and make full use of the counterweight along the axial and radial directions of the main reflector. force, so that the support structure of the main reflector is simplified and the overall weight is reduced. The number of supports can be determined on the back of the main reflector according to the needs to control the size of each support force; the direction of the support force provided by the counterweight through the support rod varies with the main The posture of the reflector changes and automatically adapts to the demand for support force; steel ball transitions are used between the radial support rod and the bushing, and between the back support rod and the bushing, so that a rolling is formed between the two movable support rods and the fixed piece The friction makes the structure of the present invention have an automatic adjustment function for temperature changes, thereby avoiding the additional stress imposed on the main reflector by temperature changes.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention minimizes the change of the surface shape of the main reflector, improves the imaging quality, and designs a support mechanism that combines the radial support mechanism and the back support mechanism of the main reflector. Both the radial floating support mechanism and the back floating support mechanism use a lever mechanism to support the main reflector, making full use of the component force of the counterweight along the axial and radial directions of the main reflector, and the device of the invention improves the imaging quality.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the support structure of the main reflector in the prior art;

Fig. 2 is the supporting schematic diagram of the main reflector in the prior art;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of a kind of large-scale telescope primary reflector composite supporting device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a composite support device for a large-scale telescope main reflector according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Main reflector, 2. Center hole sleeve, 3. Center positioning shaft, 4. Side support plate, 5. Side support steel ball, 6. Base, 7. Counterweight rod, 8. Weight, 9, hammer through hole, 10, bracket, 11, support seat, 12, back support steel ball, 13, back support disc, 14, bushing, 15, radial support rod, 16, radial support steel ball, 17 , back support bar, 18, counterweight box, 19, back support counterweight block, 20, back support counterweight bar, 21, back support fixed shaft, 22, radial counterweight block, 23, screw, 24, support frame, 25, radial support fixed shaft, 26, back support seat, 27, support steel ball.

Detailed ways

This embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 , a compound support device for the main reflector of a large telescope, which includes a main reflector 1, a support base part, a fixed back support part and a radial and back compound support part. The support base part includes base 6, central positioning shaft 3, center hole bushing 2; the fixed back support part includes back support seat 26, support steel ball 27, back support disc 13; the radial and back composite support parts are divided into radial A floating support mechanism and a back floating support mechanism, the radial floating support mechanism includes a bushing 14, a radial support rod 15, a radial support steel ball 16, a counterweight box 18, a radial counterweight 22, a support frame 24 and a diameter To support fixed shaft 25;

The support of the large primary mirror 1 described in this embodiment may include three fixed back support parts and several radial and back composite support parts. Combining the distribution with Figure 4, the three fixed support points e, f, g are evenly distributed on the back of the main reflector 1 at 120° on the same circumference, and the floating compound support points h, i, j, l, m and n are about Symmetrical and symmetrically distributed up and down, the back floating support mechanism and the radial floating support mechanism share a bushing 14, the bushing 14 is installed in the blind hole on the back of the main reflector 1, the base 6 is a cylindrical frame, fixed at the center A central positioning shaft 3 is installed, and the upper end of the central positioning shaft 3 extends into the bushing installed in the central hole of the main reflector 1 to play the role of centering the main reflector 1 .

When the main reflector 1 is in a vertical state (that is, the optical axis is horizontal), the radial floating support mechanism supports the main reflector 1 . The support frame 24 is fixed on the base 2 , and the radial support rod 15 acts on the bush 14 through the radial support steel ball 16 to support the main reflector 1 . By adjusting the weight of the radial counterweight 22 , the required radial support force can be provided to the main reflector 1 according to the theoretical value.

When the main reflector is in a horizontal position (that is, the optical axis is vertically upward), the fixed back support part and the back floating support mechanism support the main reflector 1 . The back support seat 26 of fixed back support is installed on the base, and support steel ball 27 is housed in the groove of support seat upper end, and the lower surface of back support dish 13 is pressed contact with support steel ball 27, and the lower surface of back support dish 13 and The back of the main reflector 1 is compressed to play the role of support and axial positioning; the back floating support mechanism uses the counterweight box 18 of the radial floating support mechanism as a support, and the back support counterweight 19 and screws 23 are fixed on the back support counterweight. On the rod 20, the back support weight rod 20 rotates around the back support fixed shaft 21 and applies force to the back support rod 17 in the direction of the optical axis through the screw 23, and the back support rod 17 passes through the back support steel ball 12 in the top groove. Acting on the bush 14 to support the main mirror 1 . To maintain the balance of the back support bar 17, two sets of back support weight assemblies are used. Because the back support rod 17 is enclosed in the middle by the radial support rod 15, so steel balls are housed between the two rods to make relative sliding smooth and smooth without hindrance. By adjusting the weight of the back supporting counterweight 19 , the required axial supporting force can be provided to the main reflector 1 according to the theoretical value. In this way, the composite support assembly can balance the gravitational force of the main reflector 1 along the optical axis (that is, the axial direction) and perpendicular to the optical axis (that is, the radial direction) through the radial floating support mechanism and the back floating support mechanism.

Claims (3)

1. compound bracing or strutting arrangement of large telescope principal reflection mirror, this device comprise base for supporting part and fixing back support section; Described base for supporting partly comprises base (6), center pit axle sleeve (2), centralized positioning axle (3); Described base (6) is cylindrical, and at the center of base (6) dead center locating shaft (3), the upper end of centralized positioning axle (3) puts in principal reflection mirror (1) the center pit axle sleeve (2); Fixing back of the body support section comprises back of the body supporting seat (26), supports steel ball (27), carries on the back supporting disk (13); It is characterized in that described bracing or strutting arrangement also comprises radially and the compound support section in back; Describedly radially be divided into radial floating supporting mechanism and the back supporting mechanism that floats with the compound support section in back, described radial floating supporting mechanism comprises lining (14), radial strut (15), radial support steel ball (16), ballast box (18), radially balancing weight (22), bracing frame (24), radial support stationary shaft (25); The unsteady supporting mechanism in back comprises that the back of the body supports steel ball (12), back of the body support bar (17) and back of the body support balance weight assembly;

Described lining (14) is installed in the blind hole at principal reflection mirror (1) back, support frame as described above (24) is fixed on the base (6), radial strut (15) is that fulcrum acts on lining (14) upper support principal reflection mirror (1) by radial support steel ball (16) with radial support stationary shaft (25), and adjusting radially, the weight of balancing weight (22) provides radial support power to main anti-mirror (1);

Back of the body supporting seat (26) in the described fixedly back of the body support section is installed on the base (6), be equipped with in the groove of back of the body supporting seat (26) upper end and support steel ball (27), the lower surface of described back of the body supporting disk (13) compresses with support steel ball (27) and contacts, the upper surface of described back of the body supporting disk (13) and principal reflection mirror (1) back compress, the back of the body in the unsteady supporting mechanism in described back supports steel ball (12), it is support with ballast box (18) in the radial floating supporting mechanism that back of the body support bar (17) and the back of the body support balance weight assembly, and back of the body support bar (17) supports steel ball (12) by the back of the body in the groove of top and acts on lining (14) upper support principal reflection mirror (1); Provide axial support power by the weight of adjusting back of the body support balancing weight (19) to main anti-mirror (1).

2. the compound bracing or strutting arrangement of a kind of large telescope principal reflection mirror according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the back of the body in the unsteady supporting mechanism in described back supports balance weight assembly and comprises that the back of the body supports balancing weight (19), back of the body support weight linear meter (20), back of the body support fixation axle (21) and screw (23); Described back of the body support balancing weight (19) and screw (23) are fixed on the back of the body and support on the weight linear meter (20), and the described back of the body supports weight linear meter (20) and on the optical axis direction of principal reflection mirror (1) back of the body support bar (17) applied acting force around back of the body support fixation axle (21) rotation and by screw (23).

3. the compound bracing or strutting arrangement of a kind of large telescope principal reflection mirror according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the back of the body in the unsteady supporting mechanism in described back supports the balance weight assembly symmetry and is fixed on the radially both sides of balancing weight (22).

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