CN102348691B - 制造5-(2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1h)-酮的方法 - Google Patents
制造5-(2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1h)-酮的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
- C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D215/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D215/20—Oxygen atoms
- C07D215/24—Oxygen atoms attached in position 8
- C07D215/26—Alcohols; Ethers thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
- A61K31/4704—2-Quinolinones, e.g. carbostyril
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
- C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D215/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D215/20—Oxygen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
- C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D215/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D215/20—Oxygen atoms
- C07D215/24—Oxygen atoms attached in position 8
- C07D215/26—Alcohols; Ethers thereof
- C07D215/32—Esters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
本发明提供一种制备式(I)的化合物或其医药学上可接受的盐的方法,所述方法包括:a)在二甲苯溶剂中,使式(V)的化合物与式(IV)的化合物反应,以得到式(III)的化合物,随后进行P1脱保护步骤和P2脱保护步骤:
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及一种制造5-(2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮及其医药学上可接受的盐的改良方法。
【背景技术】
5-(2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮(化合物(I))以及其制造方法描述于WO 2006122788 A1中。
5-(2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮的萘二磺酸盐(napadisylate)以及其制造方法描述于WO 2008095720 A1中。
发明者现已出乎意料地发现,通过更改WO 2006122788 A1以及WO 2008095720 A1中所述的合成方法可以(a)增加化合物(I)以及其盐的产率、(b)使最终产物中的杂质量最少及/或(c)缩短反应时间。
这些目可通过选择特定溶剂及/或更改或甚至去除一些纯化步骤来实现,由此缩短反应时间,同时增加最终产物的总产率。此外,本发明的方法更适合于大规模制造。
WO 2006122788 A1描述一种制备5-(2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧 基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮的三步法,
WO 2008095720 A1揭露一种制备式(Ia)的萘二磺酸盐化合物方法:
*e.e.:对映异构过量
因此,为了根据现有技术中所揭露的技术,由中间物(V)以及(IV)制备式(Ia)的萘二磺酸盐化合物,必须进行四个反应步骤,其中一旦获得各中间物后,即加以分离且纯化,然后用作后续步骤中的起始物质。使用本领域中已知的常规纯化方法(例如溶剂萃取或层析技术)来进行现有技术中的纯化步骤。制备萘二磺酸盐化合物(Ia)的总产率经计算为约9.5%,同时通过高效液相层析(HPLC)分析所测定的杂质含量为约5-6%。
已经出乎意料地发现,制备5-(2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮以及其盐的方法可通过更改反应条件(尤其是更改或甚至去除一些步骤中的纯化过程)而显著地改善,由此简化许多反应步骤,同时增加反应的总产率。此外,已经发现与以前的方法相比,通过适当选择溶剂,所需产物可以较高产率以及以更纯形式获得。
【发明内容】
因此,本发明提供一种制备式(I)的5-(2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮化合物或其医药学上可接受的盐的方法,
所述方法包括:
a)在二甲苯溶剂中,使式(V)的化合物与式(IV)的6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己-1-胺反应,从而得到式(III)的化合物,
其中P1以及P2表示羟基保护基且L为离去基,
b)进行P1脱保护步骤以及P2脱保护步骤,以移除所述保护基P1以及P2且得到式(I)的化合物。
通常,
(i)于30℃-60℃的温度范围下进行P2脱保护步骤最多8小时,及/或
(ii)在乙酸或乙酸与醇的混合物或乙酸与酯的混合物溶剂存在下进行P1脱保护步骤。
在二甲苯溶剂中进行步骤(a)。与此相比的是,在WO 2006/122788中所揭露的相应反应步骤是在二甲亚砜(DMSO)中进行的。本发明的出乎意料的发现是,特别使用二甲苯溶剂能够显著改善式(III)的化合物的纯度。
在优选的实施例中,上述步骤(b)包括:
-对式(III)的化合物进行所述P2脱保护步骤,从而得到式(II)的化合物,
其中P1如上文所定义;以及
-对式(II)的化合物进行所述P1脱保护步骤,从而得到式(I)的化合物,
因此,在该实施例中,本发明提供一种制备式(I)的5-(2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮化合物或其医药学上可接受的盐方法,
所述方法包括:
a)在二甲苯溶剂中,使式(V)的化合物与式(IV)的6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己-1-胺反应,从而得到式(III)的化合物:
其中P1以及P2表示羟基保护基且L为离去基,
b)脱除式(III)的化合物的保护基,从而得到式(II)的化合物,
其中P1如上文所定义;以及
c)脱除式(II)的化合物的保护基,从而得到式(I)的化合物:
通常,在该实施例中:
(i)于30℃-60℃的温度范围下进行步骤b)最多8小时,及/或
(ii)在乙酸或乙酸与醇的混合物或乙酸与酯的混合物溶剂存在下进行步骤c)。
在另一个实施例中,本发明的方法包括:
a)在二甲苯溶剂中,使式(V)的化合物与式(IV)的6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己-1-胺反应,从而得到式(III)的化合物:
其中P1以及P2表示羟基保护基且L为离去基,
b)脱除式(III)的化合物的保护基,从而得到式(II′)的化合物:
其中P2如上文所定义;以及
c)脱除式(II′)的化合物的保护基,从而得到式(I)的化合物:
通常,在该实施例中:
(i)在乙酸或乙酸与醇的混合物或乙酸与酯的混合物溶剂存在下 进行步骤b);及/或
(ii)于30℃-60℃的温度范围下进行步骤c)最多8小时。
P1以及P2为羟基保护基。P1以及P2可相同或不同。其优选为不同。熟练的化学家可容易地选择适合于P1以及P2位置的羟基保护基。举例而言,T.W.Greene以及G.M.Wuts,Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis,第三版,Wiley,New York,1999以及其中所引用的参考文献中讨论了适当的保护基。
适合的羟基保护基实例包括:烷基,诸如甲基、乙基以及叔丁基;酰基,例如烷酰基,诸如乙酰基;芳基甲基,诸如苯甲基(Bn)、对甲氧基苯甲基(PMB)、9-茀基甲基(Fm)以及二苯基甲基(二苯甲基,DPM);硅烷基,诸如三甲基硅烷基(TMS)以及叔丁基二甲基硅烷基(TBS);以及其类似基团。
P1通常为苯甲基。在该实施例中,通常借助于氢化反应,优选在诸如氢氧化钯(II)(Pd(OH)2)或钯(0)(Pd(0))等催化剂存在下进行P1脱保护步骤。催化剂优选为钯(0)/木炭。
通常,在该实施例中,在相对于所用反应物的量,其量小于10重量%、优选小于5重量%、最优选为约4重量%的催化剂存在下进行P1脱保护步骤的氢化反应。使用这些量的催化剂通常能够降低所产生的杂质含量。特别是,其可减少去氟杂质的形成,即5-(2-{[6-(2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮。其还可减少二氢喹啉杂质的形成。
P2通常为叔丁基二甲基硅烷基部分。在该实施例中,通常通过优选在诸如四氢呋喃(tetrahydrofuran;THF)等溶剂中与三水合氟化四正丁基铵(tetra-n-butyl ammonium fluoride,trihydrate;TBAF)反应, 或在选自醚、酯以及醇的溶剂中与氯化氢反应来进行P2脱保护步骤。优选地,在该实施例中,在选自乙醚、叔丁基甲醚(tert-butylmethylether;TBME)、乙醇以及乙酸异丙酯的溶剂中使用氯化氢来进行P2脱保护步骤。
或者,在该实施例中,优选在四氢呋喃(THF)或2-甲基四氢呋喃中(优选在THF中)使用TBAF来进行P2脱保护步骤。
或者,在该实施例中,优选在四氢呋喃(THF)中使用萘-1,5-二磺酸来进行P2脱保护步骤。
L为离去基。熟练的化学家能够容易地选择适合于L位置的离去基。适合的离去基的实例包括卤素原子、甲磺酸酯基(-O-S(O)2-CH3)以及三氟甲磺酸酯(-OS(O)2-CF3)基。
L优选为卤素原子。L更优选为溴原子。
与步骤(a)在诸如DMSO等溶剂中进行的类似方法相比,在步骤(a)中使用以上所详述的二甲苯溶剂能够总体上提高纯度及/或产率。
在本发明的另一个实施例中,于40℃-50℃的温度范围下进行P2脱保护步骤不超过6小时、优选不超过4小时、更优选不超过2小时、最优选最多1小时的一段时间。P2脱保护步骤的反应时间缩短能够出乎意料地减少不利副产物的形成。
在又一个实施例中,可任选地在量为约0.3-0.9克TBAF/克反应物的氟化四丁基铵存在下进行P2脱保护步骤的氢化反应。所述反应物通常是式(II)的化合物。
在本发明的另一个实施例中,通过结晶作用来纯化由P2脱保护 步骤获得的化合物。通常,使用1,5-萘二磺酸的醇溶液(优选乙醇溶液)来进行结晶作用。通过结晶作用而非通过层析法来纯化由P2脱保护步骤获得的化合物能够改善纯度及/或产率。优选地,在该实施例中,在P1脱保护步骤之前进行P2脱保护步骤,因此由P2脱保护步骤获得的化合物是式(II)的化合物。
在本发明的优选实施例中,在乙酸或乙酸与醇的混合物或乙酸与酯的混合物溶剂存在下进行P1脱保护步骤。优选地,在该实施例中,所述溶剂为单独的乙酸或乙酸/甲醇(1∶1)的混合物,更优选为乙酸/甲醇(1∶1)。
通常,所述溶剂含有小于5%(v/v)、优选小于3%、更优选小于1%的任何不为乙酸、醇以及酯的液体,优选为任何不为乙酸以及甲醇的液体。
在本发明的优选实施例中,制备式(I)的化合物的医药学上可接受的盐。所述盐优选为萘二磺酸盐或甲磺酸盐。
萘二磺酸盐通常是WO 2008/095720中所述的盐。萘二磺酸盐优选为半萘二磺酸盐(heminapadisylate)或单萘二磺酸盐(mononapadisylate)。单萘二磺酸盐通常含有约0.8至1.2摩尔当量的萘-1,5-二磺酸/摩尔当量游离碱,更通常为约1.0摩尔当量的萘-1,5-二磺酸/摩尔当量游离碱。半萘二磺酸盐通常含有约0.35至0.65摩尔当量萘-1,5-二磺酸/摩尔当量游离碱,更通常为约0.5摩尔当量萘-1,5-二磺酸/摩尔当量游离碱。
本发明还涉及可通过本发明的方法获得的5-(2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮或其医药学上可接受的盐。优选地,本发明涉及可通过本发明的方法获得的 5-(2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮的萘二磺酸盐或甲磺酸盐。所述盐更优选为萘二磺酸盐。
以上摩尔比可通过标准技术来测定,所述技术例如为1H NMR、元素分析以及HPLC方法。
当制备式(I)的化合物的萘二磺酸盐时,通常在步骤(b)后,添加萘-1,5-二磺酸而不分离式(I)的5-[2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮。以该方式进行一锅式反应(one-pot reaction)制备最终产物而不分离游离碱可改善纯度及/或产率。此外,由于所述一锅式反应能够实现更大的工艺效率,所以其也是有利的。
在本发明的优选实施例中,步骤(b)以及(需要时)随后的成盐步骤均在不对前面的反应步骤获得的中间物进行纯化的情况下进行。
可通过已知方法或通过与已知方法类似的方法来获得式(V)的化合物。举例而言,可通过US2004059116(实例9C)、WO2004/011416(实例2)以及WO2004/016578(实例1ii)中所述的合成方法来获得P1为苯甲基且P2为TBS的化合物。
通过WO 2006122788 A1(中间物9)中所述的合成方法来获得6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己-1-胺(IV)。
本发明中所用的试剂以及溶剂为市售可得的,例如购自Aldrich Chemical Company公司或Fluka Chemie GmbH。
以下是用于步骤(a)的过程的优选条件:
向10.30-11.30克(40-44毫摩尔)6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己-1-胺(IV)于15-25毫升二甲苯溶剂中的溶液中添加19.9克(40毫摩尔) (R)-8-(苯甲氧基)-5-(2-溴-1-(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基氧基)乙基)喹啉-2(1H)-酮(V)以及9-12克碳酸氢钠或15-20克碳酸钾。在4-6小时内将反应混合物加热至回流。冷却至室温后,过滤沉淀出的无机盐且用80-120毫升二甲苯洗涤。移除溶剂,由此获得油性残余物,其不经进一步纯化即可用于下一步骤中。
以下是用于P2脱保护步骤的优选条件:
将由前一步骤获得的油性残余物溶解于300-350毫升THF中。接着将20-25克TBAF添加至反应介质中。在1-2小时内于40℃-50℃下搅拌反应混合物。冷却至室温后,于真空下移除溶剂。将总共250-300毫升的水/有机溶剂(1∶1)添加至残余物中。分离有机层且用有机溶剂(2×20-30毫升)萃取水层两次。合并有机层且于真空下浓缩以移除溶剂。用于萃取处理的优选有机溶剂为甲苯、二氯甲烷、乙酸异丙酯或甲基-异丁基-酮(Methyl-Isobutyl-Ketone;MIK),更优选为甲苯、乙酸异丙酯或二氯甲烷,最优选为乙酸异丙酯或二氯甲烷。在替代性过程中,一旦移除反应溶剂(THF)后,所得残余物可不经水性萃取处理即直接用于下面的结晶纯化作用中。
通过用8-9克四水合萘-1,5-二磺酸的300-400毫升乙醇溶液结晶来纯化残余物。过滤所获得的产物且用50-70毫升乙醇洗涤。用250-260毫升的甲醇/二氯甲烷(1∶2)、甲醇/乙酸异丙酯(1∶2)或甲醇/甲苯(1∶2)处理所获得的湿滤饼。向该悬浮液中添加3.5-4克NaOH在170-190毫升水中的溶液。在40-50分钟内于20℃-30℃下搅拌反应混合物。分离有机相且于真空下移除溶剂。
以下是用于P1脱保护步骤的过程的优选条件
将中间物(II)溶解于总体积为160-170毫升的乙酸/醇(1∶1)(优 选为乙酸/甲醇)中。将1-1.5克10%Pd/C、50%水添加至溶液中。接着可任选地将约5-15克TBAF添加至溶液中。在若干次氮气吹洗后,在6-8小时内,于20℃-30℃的温度下,在小于4巴(优选在1-2巴)下使反应混合物氢化。接着过滤催化剂且用190-200毫升甲醇洗涤。将约200-250毫升乙酸添加至滤液中且将6-6.5克四水合萘-1,5-二磺酸于50-70毫升的甲醇/乙酸(1∶1)中的溶液添加至该滤液中。将混合物加热至回流历时30分钟。冷却至室温后,过滤产物且用25-30毫升甲醇洗涤。可任选地通过在热状态下(诸如在甲醇的沸点温度下)用甲醇形成浆液来纯化所获得的产物。于50℃下真空干燥最终产物(Ia)。
本发明中所述的合成方法将进一步通过以下实例来说明。仅以示意的方式给出实例且不应理解为是限制性的。
通过1H-NMR以及质谱法(MS)证实所制备出的化合物结构。使用在200或300兆赫的频率下操作的Varian Gemini-200 NMR光谱仪来记录NMR。使用四甲硅烷作为参照且将样品溶解于氘化二甲亚砜(DMSO-d6)或氘化氯仿(CDCl3)中。
通过HPLC,在装备有二极管阵列检测器(diode array detector;DAD)以及ZMD或ZQ质量检测器(电喷雾电离)的Alliance 2795 Waters仪器中测定其纯度。HPLC方法使用Symmetry C18管柱(3.5微米,21×100毫米)且流动相由两个相构成:A相:pH为3的缓冲(甲酸/氨)水溶液。B相:含有甲酸铵的乙腈/甲醇的50.50混合物。梯度为在10分钟内从0%至95%的B相。
在装备有以下装置的Gilson仪器上进行制备型HPLC-MS试验:二元泵(Gilson活塞泵321);真空除气器(Gilson 864);注射器-馏分收集器(Gilson液体处理机215);两个注射模块,即分析型以及制备 型(Gilson 819);阀门(Gilson Valvemate 7000);1/1000分流器(LC Packings的Acurate);补充泵(Gilson 307);二极管阵列检测器(Gilson 170)以及MS检测器(Thermoquest Finnigan aQa,具有ES以及APCI电离模式的四极质谱仪)。HPLC-MS仪器由IBM PC控制。
实验部分
比较实例I(根据WO 2006122788以及WO 2008095720):
中间物III.8-(苯甲氧基)-5-((1R)-1-{[叔丁基(二甲基)硅烷基]氧基}-2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}乙基)喹啉-2(1H)-酮
向8-(苯甲氧基)-5-((1R)-2-溴-1-{[叔丁基(二甲基)硅烷基]氧基}乙基)喹啉-2(1H)-酮(V)(4.80克,9.83毫摩尔)以及6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺(IV)(3.04克,11.8毫摩尔)于二甲亚砜(13.5毫升)中的溶液中添加碳酸氢钠(2.49克,29.4毫摩尔)以及碘化钠(2.22克,14.8毫摩尔)。于140℃下加热混合物2小时。冷却后,用水(40毫升)稀释反应物且用乙醚(2×20毫升)萃取。用水(2×10毫升)以及盐水(20毫升)洗涤合并的有机萃取物,干燥(Na2SO4)且于减压下移除溶剂。获得呈油状物的标题化合物(6.40克,98%)。
中间物(II).8-(苯甲氧基)-5-((1R)-2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)喹啉-2(1H)-酮
向中间物(III)(6.4克,9.63毫摩尔)的四氢呋喃(60毫升)溶液中添加TBAF(5.02克,19.26毫摩尔)。于室温下搅拌混合物过夜。于减压下移除溶剂。通过柱层析,使用二氯甲烷/甲醇(95∶5至85∶15)作为洗脱剂来纯化,得到呈油状物的8-(苯甲氧基)-5-((1R)-2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)喹啉-2(1H)-酮(II)(1.1克,20%)。
5-((1R)-2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮(I)
向中间物(II)(1.10克,2.0毫摩尔)的甲醇(50毫升)溶液中添加20%钯/木炭(300毫克)。于2巴下使混合物氢化3小时。经由硅藻土过滤催化剂且浓缩溶剂。通过硅胶柱层析法,用二氯甲烷/甲醇(95∶5)洗脱来纯化所得油状物,得到呈油状物的标题化合物(0.50克,54%)。
5-((1R)-2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮萘二磺酸盐(Ia)
将5-((1R)-2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮(6.63克;14.4毫摩尔)溶解于134毫升甲醇中,形成1.075M溶液,将其加热至约50℃。接着将7.74毫摩尔四水合萘-1,5-二磺酸添加至经加热的溶液中。接着于回流温度下搅拌混合物30分钟且接着冷却至20/25℃并于该温度下再搅拌1小时。借助于过滤分离所形成的沉淀物,用甲醇洗涤且于50℃下真空干燥。(15.67克,90%)
实例II(根据本发明)
中间物III.8-(苯甲氧基)-5-((1R)-1-{[叔丁基(二甲基)硅烷基]氧基}-2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}乙基)喹啉-2(1H)-酮
向[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺(IV)(11.0克,42.8毫摩尔)的二甲苯(20毫升)溶液中添加8-(苯甲氧基)-5-((1R)-2-溴-1-{[叔丁基(二甲基)硅烷基]氧基}乙基)喹啉-2(1H)-酮(V)(19.9克,40.7毫摩尔)以及碳酸氢钠(10.4克,123毫摩尔)。于回流下加热混合物6小时。冷却至室温后,再将二甲苯(176毫升)添加至反应混合物中且 过滤沉淀出的无机盐并用二甲苯(100毫升)洗涤。于真空下浓缩所获得的滤液以移除溶剂,由此得到油性残余物(中间物(III)),其不经纯化即用于下一步骤中。
中间物(II).8-(苯甲氧基)-5-((1R)-2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)喹啉-2(1H)-酮
将中间物(III)溶解于四氢呋喃(330毫升)中。接着将TBAF(23.3克,73毫摩尔)添加至该溶液中。在1小时内于45℃下搅拌混合物。冷却至室温后,于真空下移除溶剂且可任选地用266毫升的水/二氯甲烷(1∶1)混合物萃取所得残余物。回收有机层且接着于真空下移除。接着添加352毫升96%乙醇且将混合物加热至50℃-60℃。于该温度下,在1小时内添加8.5克四水合1,5-萘二磺酸于35毫升96%乙醇中的溶液。用29毫升96%乙醇洗涤添加体系,将洗涤液添加至反应混合物中。在30分钟内于回流下搅拌反应混合物且接着冷却至室温。过滤产物且用60毫升乙醇洗涤。用252毫升甲醇/二氯甲烷(1∶2)处理湿滤饼产物。接着添加3.6克NaOH于116毫升水中的溶液且在45分钟内于20-25℃下搅拌反应混合物。分离水层且用二氯甲烷(3×42毫升)萃取。回收有机相且与4.2克NaCl于168毫升水中的溶液一起搅拌。分离有机相且于真空下移除溶剂,由此得到呈油状物的8-(苯甲氧基)-5-((1R)-2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)喹啉-2(1H)-酮(II)(16.8克,75%)。
5-((1R)-2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮萘二磺酸盐(Ia)
向中间物(II)(16.8克,30.5毫摩尔)于甲醇(69毫升)与乙酸(77毫升)的混合物中的溶液中添加10%钯/木炭、50%水(1.33g) 于甲醇(15毫升)与乙酸(7毫升)的混合物中的悬浮液。于1-2巴下使混合物氢化8小时。经由硅藻土过滤催化剂且用甲醇(193毫升)洗涤。将乙酸(220毫升)添加至该滤液中。接着将四水合萘-1,5-二磺酸(6.33克)于甲醇(54毫升)与乙酸(27毫升)的混合物中的溶液缓慢添加至滤液中。在30分钟内于回流下加热反应混合物且接着冷却至室温。过滤沉淀物且用甲醇(27毫升)洗涤。将湿粗产物溶解于甲醇(800毫升)中且在30分钟内加热至回流。过滤产物且再用甲醇(34毫升)洗涤。于50℃下真空干燥由此获得的固体,由此得到5-((1R)-2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮萘二磺酸盐(14.9克,81%)。
5-((1R)-2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮萘二磺酸盐(Ia)的总产率经计算为约60.7%(75%×81%)且其纯度为HPLC杂质=1.5%,e.e.>98%。
表1:比较结果
*P2脱保护步骤
**P1脱保护步骤
自表1可见,在步骤(a)中使用二甲苯溶剂显著降低式(III) 的中间物中的杂质量。此外,与比较实例相比,5-((1R)-2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)-己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮萘二磺酸盐的总产率显著增加,而杂质降低至较低含量。此结果可通过更改一些纯化技术来进行,由此简化反应步骤,并且降低不同试剂的量。
Claims (14)
1.一种制备式(I)的5-(2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮化合物或其医药学上可接受的盐的方法,
所述方法包括:
a)在二甲苯溶剂中,使式(V)的化合物与式(IV)的6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己-1-胺反应,从而得到式(III)的化合物:
其中P1以及P2表示羟基保护基且L为离去基,所述羟基保护基独立地为:选自甲基、乙基和叔丁基的烷基,选自乙酰基的烷酰基,选自苯甲基、对甲氧基苯甲基、9-茀基甲基和二苯基甲基的芳基甲基,选自三甲基硅烷基和叔丁基二甲基硅烷基的硅烷基;所述离去基为选自以下的基团:卤素原子、甲磺酸酯基和三氟甲磺酸酯基,
b)进行P1脱保护步骤以及P2脱保护步骤,以移除所述保护基P1以及P2且得到式(I)的化合物;
其中:
(i)于30℃-60℃的温度范围下进行所述P2脱保护步骤最多8小时,及
(ii)在乙酸或乙酸与醇的混合物或乙酸与酯的混合物溶剂存在下进行所述P1脱保护步骤。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中(a)P1为苯甲基且通过氢化反应进行所述P1脱保护步骤,及(b)P2为叔丁基二甲基硅烷基且通过与三水合氟化四正丁基铵或与氯化氢反应进行所述P2脱保护步骤。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中L为溴。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中在四氢呋喃中使用三水合氟化四正丁基铵进行所述P2脱保护步骤。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中于40℃-50℃的温度下进行所述P2脱保护步骤不超过6小时的一段时间。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法,其中所述的一段时间不超过4小时。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法,其用于制备所述式(I)的化合物的半萘二磺酸盐或甲磺酸盐。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法,其用于制备所述式(I)的化合物的半萘二磺酸盐,其中在步骤(b)后,添加萘-1,5-二磺酸而不分离所述式(I)的5-[2-{[6-(2,2-二氟-2-苯基乙氧基)己基]胺基}-1-羟乙基)-8-羟基喹啉-2(1H)-酮。
10.如权利要求2所述的方法,其中通过用四水合萘-1,5-二磺酸的乙醇溶液结晶来纯化由所述P2脱保护步骤获得的式(II)的中间物。
11.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中P1为苯甲基,且通过在相对于所述式(II)的化合物的量,其量小于10%(重量/重量)的钯/木炭催化剂存在下进行氢化反应来进行所述P1脱保护步骤。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法,其中所述催化剂的用量小于5%。
13.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中当在乙酸或乙酸与醇的混合物或乙酸与酯的混合物溶剂存在下进行所述P1脱保护步骤时,所述溶剂为乙酸或比例为1:1的甲醇和乙酸混合物。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述溶剂是比例为1:1的甲醇和乙酸混合物。
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WO2008095720A1 (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-08-14 | Almirall, S.A. | Napadisylate salt of 5-(2-{[6-(2,2-difluoro-2-phenylethoxy)hexyl]amino}-1-hydroxyethyl)-8-hydroxyquinolin-2(1h)-one as agonist of the beta 2 adrenergic receptor |
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