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CN102317897B - 用于经由改进用户界面提供来自软件应用程序的功能的方法 - Google Patents

用于经由改进用户界面提供来自软件应用程序的功能的方法 Download PDF

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CN102317897B
CN102317897B CN2010800087895A CN201080008789A CN102317897B CN 102317897 B CN102317897 B CN 102317897B CN 2010800087895 A CN2010800087895 A CN 2010800087895A CN 201080008789 A CN201080008789 A CN 201080008789A CN 102317897 B CN102317897 B CN 102317897B
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E·E·迪安
J·M·哈里斯
A·M·布彻
J·C·塞特费尔德
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    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
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Abstract

为了提高命令访问效率并优化用户的可用用户界面工作空间，提供了用于显示与一个或多个所选顶层功能相关联的可选软件功能控件的逻辑分组的改进用户界面。在选择顶层功能选项卡之后，与顶层功能选项卡相关联的可选功能被分成逻辑分组并被呈现在自定义功能控件区段中该选项卡以下。在选择不同顶层功能选项卡之后，与后续所选顶层功能选项卡相关联的可选功能可替换第一功能控件区段，或如果在用户界面中可操作区域可用，则可在与第一功能控件区段相邻的单独功能控件区段中显示。

Description

用于经由改进用户界面提供来自软件应用程序的功能的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及计算机技术，尤其涉及提供应用程序的功能的技术。 
背景技术
随着计算机时代的出现，计算机和软件用户已变得习惯于用户友好软件应用程序，它们帮助用户编写、计算、组织、准备演示、发送与接收电子邮件、制作音乐等。例如，现代电子文字处理应用程序允许用户准备各种有用文档。现代电子表格应用程序允许用户输入、操纵和组织数据。现代电子幻灯片演示应用程序允许用户创建包含文本、图片、数据或其他有用对象的各种幻灯片演示。 
为了帮助用户定位并利用给定软件应用程序的功能，通常沿其中用户可输入、复制、操纵和格式化文本或数据的所显示工作空间的上、下或侧边缘提供包含多个通用功能控件的用户界面。这种功能控件通常包括具有诸如“文件（file）”、“编辑（edit）”、“视图（view）”、“插入（insert）”、“格式（format）”等名称的可选按钮。通常，对这些顶层功能按钮的选择（例如，“格式（format）”）使下拉菜单被部署以展示与顶层功能相关联的一个或多个可选功能控件，例如在顶层功能“格式”下面的“字体（font）”。 
在用户选择所需功能控件之后，或者如果用户将鼠标光标移动到不同位置，下拉菜单通常消失。如果用户确定第一下拉菜单的功能曾是所需功能，则用户必须记住曾选择哪个顶层功能，再选择那个功能并随后再一次找到所需功能控件。因此，为了使用给定软件应用程序的功能，用户必须知道所需功能在所选按钮之一下面可用，或者用户必须选择不同顶层功能直到定位所需特定功能。这种搜索所需功能的方法是麻烦且耗时的，具体而言对于经验较少的用户以及当软件应用程序的开发者添加新功能时，直到以某种方式教育用户关于它的存在以前可能都不会使用新功能。 
因此，本领域需要一种改进的功能命令用户界面，用于显示可选软件功能控件并呈现与所选顶层功能相关联的特定功能控件的逻辑分组。本发明正是对于这些和其他考虑事项而作出的。 
发明内容
本发明的各个实施例通过提供用于显示可选软件功能控件以及呈现与所选顶层功能相关联的特定功能控件的逻辑分组的改进用户界面来解决以上和其他问题。一般而言，本发明的各方面提供了将给定软件应用程序的功能组织成基于任务的模式。这些模式与带状用户界面中的选项卡相关联，并且用与不同功能模式或任务相关联的描述性文本标记选项卡。在一行顶层功能选项卡下面，按逻辑分组呈现与给定顶层功能选项卡相关联的功能。对特定选项卡的选择用与所选选项卡相关联的功能的控件填充用户界面。 
根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了用于经由改进用户界面提供来自软件应用程序的功能的方法和系统。根据可用软件应用程序执行的一个或多个任务来组织一个或多个软件应用程序中可用的多个功能。在用户界面中提供针对一个或多个任务中的每一个的用户界面选项卡。在接收到对给定用户界面选项卡的选择的指示之后，在用户界面中显示一个或多个可选功能控件，用于选择在与所选用户界面选项卡相关联的给定任务下组织的一个或多个功能。 
根据另一个实施例，如果在响应于接收到对给定用户界面选项卡的选择的指示显示一个或多个可选功能控件之后用户界面包含可用显示空间，则可用显示空间可用于显示与关联于不同任务的附加用户界面选项卡相关联的附加可选功能控件。根据这个实施例，在用户界面中可显示两个或更多个顶层功能选项卡，以及包含与所选顶层功能选项卡相关联的特定功能控件的逻辑分组的功能控件区段。即，对第一顶层功能选项卡的选择可导致在用户界面的第一部分中显示与所选第一顶层功能选项卡相关联的第一可选功能控件集，以及对第二或后续顶层功能选项卡的选择可导致在用户界面的第二或后续部分中显示与所选第二或后续顶层功能选项卡相关联的第二或后续可选功能控件集。替换地，可用与所编辑对象的上下文相关联的第二或后续可选功能控件集填充用户界面的第二或后续部分。例如，编辑文本文档中的图片对象可导致与关联于先前所选顶层功能选项卡的先前所显示的功能控件集相邻地，显示与在用户界面的空白空间中编辑的图片相关联的功能控件集。另外，用户可改变如何在包含不同功能控件集的用户界面的相邻部分之间划分空间。因而，各实施例使用户能够具有同时可用的多组工具并允许用户优化在用户界面中可用的空间。 
通过阅读下面的详细描述并参考相关联的附图，这些及其他特点和优点将变得显而易见。可以理解，前述一般描述和以下详细描述均仅是说明性的，且不限制所要求保护的本发明。 
提供本概述以便以简化的形式介绍将在以下详细描述中进一步描述的一些概念。本概述并不旨在标识所要求保护的主题的关键特征或必要特征，也不旨在用于帮助确定所要求保护的主题的范围。 
附图说明
图1是示出个人计算机的体系结构的框图，该个人计算机提供用于本发明的各实施例的说明性操作环境。 
图2是示出用于显示基于任务的顶层功能选项卡以及显示在所选顶层功能选项卡下面可用的多个功能的带状用户界面的计算机屏幕显示的图示。 
图3示出了示出图2所示用户界面的计算机屏幕显示，由此呈现与不同顶层功能选项卡相关联的不同功能集。 
图4示出了示出图2所示用户界面的计算机屏幕显示，由此呈现与不同顶层功能选项卡相关联的不同功能集。 
图5示出了示出用于提供详细功能的弹出用户界面的计算机屏幕显示，该详细功能与图2至4所示的带状用户界面中所呈现的所选功能子集相关联。 
图6示出了示出用于提供详细功能的弹出用户界面的计算机屏幕显示，该详细功能与图2至4所示的带状用户界面中所呈现的所选功能子集相关联。 
图7示出了示出与图2至4所示的带状用户界面中所呈现的所选功能相关联的功能的下拉菜单的计算机屏幕显示。 
图8示出了示出工具提示对话框的呈现的计算机屏幕显示，该工具提示对话框用于提供关于所选或所聚焦功能控件的有用信息。 
图9示出了示出带状用户界面内的空白空间的计算机屏幕显示，该带状用户界面显示与所选顶层功能选项卡相关联的可选功能的功能控件区段。 
图10是示出带状用户界面的计算机屏幕显示的图示，该带状用户界面显示包含在两个所选顶层功能选项卡下面可用的多个功能的两个功能控件区段。 
图11是示出带状用户界面的计算机屏幕显示的图示，该带状用户界面显示包含在三个所选顶层功能选项卡下面可用的多个功能的三个功能控件区段。 
具体实施方式
如上所简述的，本发明的各个实施例涉及用于显示与基于任务的功能相关联的可选软件功能控件以及呈现与所选基于任务的功能相关联的特定功能的逻辑分组的改进用户界面。如将在以下详细描述的，当从本发明的用户界面中选择一个基于任务的功能选项卡时，在带状用户界面内用户正在输入或编辑文本或对象的工作空间之上的功能控件区段中呈现由相关联的软件应用程序提供的可选功能控件，用于执行与所选基于任务的功能选项卡相关的任务的各个方面。在用户界面中呈现的可选功能控件被归组成逻辑分组以便更有效的利用。例如，如果使用文字处理应用程序并且用户选择“书写（Writing）”选项卡，则可由关联于诸如“剪贴板（Clipboard）”工具（例如，“剪切（Cut）”、“复制（Copy）”、“粘贴（Paste）”等）、“格式（Formatting）”工具（例如，“对齐（Alignment）”、“字形（Font Style）”、“字号（Font Size）”等）、“编写（Writing）”工具（例如，“查找/替换（Find/Replace）”、“插入符号（Insert Symbol）”、“自动更正（AutoCorrect）”等）以及“视图（View）”工具（例如，“文档地图（Document Map）”、“缩略图（Thumbnails）”、“标尺（Ruler）”等）之类的编写任务的功能填充带状用户界面。 
在选择不同基于任务的功能选项卡之后，取决于诸如用户偏好和/或由于监视器分辨率、屏幕大小、应用窗口大小、多个监视器的使用等可用的屏幕空间的量之类的各种因素，与后续所选基于任务的功能相关联的可选功能控件可替换与先前所选基于任务的功能相关联的可选功能控件，或者可在与用户界面中的第一功能控件区段相邻的单独功能控件区段中显示。替换地，可用与所编辑对象的上下文相关联的第二或后续可选功能控件集填充用户界面的第二或后续部分。例如，编辑文本文档中的图片对象可导致与关联于先前所选顶层功能选项卡的先前所显示的功能控件集相邻地，显示与在用户界面的空白空间中编辑的图片相关联的功能控件集。 
在以下详细描述中，参考了构成详细描述的一部分并作为说明示出各具体实施例或示例的附图。可组合这些实施例，可利用其他实施例，并且可作出结构上的改变而不背离本发明的精神或范围。因此，以下详细描述不取限定性含义，且本发明的范围由所附权利要求书及其等效方案来定义。 
现在参考附图，其中在若干附图中相似的附图标记表示相似的元素，将描述本发明的各方面和示例性操作环境。图1及以下讨论旨在提供对其中可实现 本发明的合适的计算环境的简要概括描述。尽管将在结合在个人计算机上的操作系统上运行的应用程序来执行的程序模块的一般上下文中描述本发明，但本领域的技术人员可以认识到，本发明还可结合其他程序模块来实现。 
一般而言，程序模块包括执行特定任务或实现特定抽象数据类型的例程、程序、组件、数据结构和其他类型的结构。而且，本领域的技术人员可以理解，本发明可用其他计算机系统配置来实现，包括手持式设备、多处理器系统、基于微处理器或可编程消费电子产品、小型计算机、大型计算机等。本发明也可在其中由通过通信网络链接的远程处理设备执行任务的分布式计算环境中实践。在分布式计算环境中，程序模块可位于本地和远程存储器存储设备两者中。 
现在转向图1，将描述用于实践本发明的各个实施例的个人计算机2的说明性计算机体系结构。图1所示的计算机体系结构示出了常规个人计算机，包括中央处理单元4（“CPU”）、包括随机存取存储器8（“RAM”）和只读存储器（“ROM”）10的系统存储器6、以及将存储器耦合到CPU 4的系统总线12。在ROM 10中存储基本输入/输出系统，它包含有助于诸如在启动期间在计算机内的元件之间传输信息的基本例程。个人计算机2还包括用于储存操作系统16、诸如应用程序205之类的应用程序、以及数据的大容量存储设备14。 
将大容量存储设备14通过连接到总线12的大容量存储控制器（未示出）连接到CPU 4。大容量存储设备14及其相关联的计算机可读介质为个人计算机2提供非易失性存储。尽管此处所包含的计算机可读介质的描述指的是大容量存储设备，诸如硬盘或CD-ROM驱动器，但本领域的技术人员应当理解，计算机可读介质可以是可由个人计算机2访问的任何可用介质。 
作为示例而非限制，计算机可读介质可包括计算机存储介质和通信介质。计算机存储介质包括以用于存储诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其他数据之类的信息的任何方法或技术来实现的易失性和非易失性、可移动和不可移动介质。计算机存储介质包括但不限于，RAM、ROM、EPROM、EEPROM、闪存或其他固态存储器技术、CD-ROM、DVD或其他光学存储、磁带盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其他磁性存储设备、或可用于存储所需信息且可由计算机访问的任何其他介质。 
根据本发明的各个实施例，个人计算机2可在使用通过诸如因特网之类的TCP/IP网络18与远程计算机的逻辑连接的联网环境中操作。个人计算机2可 通过连接到总线12的网络接口单元20连接到TCP/IP网络18。应当理解，网络接口单元20还可用于连接到其他类型的网络和远程计算机系统。个人计算机2还可包括用于接收和处理来自多个设备的输入的输入/输出控制器22，这些设备包括键盘或鼠标（未示出）。类似地，输入/输出控制器22可将输出提供给显示屏、打印机、或其他类型的输出设备。 
如上所简述的，可将多个程序模块和数据文件存储在个人计算机2的大容量存储设备14和RAM 8中，包括适于控制联网个人计算机的操作的操作系统16，诸如来自美国华盛顿州雷蒙德市的微软公司的WINDOWS操作系统。大容量存储设备14和RAM 8还可存储一个或多个应用程序。具体而言，大容量存储设备14和RAM 8可存储用于将各种功能提供给用户的应用程序105。例如，应用程序105可包括许多类型的程序，诸如文字处理应用程序、电子表格应用程序、桌面发布应用程序等。根据本发明的一个实施例，应用程序105包括用于提供文字处理功能、幻灯片演示功能、电子表格功能、数据库功能等的多个功能软件应用程序。包括多个功能应用程序105的一些单独程序模块包括文字处理应用程序125、幻灯片演示应用程序135、电子表格应用程序140和数据库应用程序145。此类多功能应用程序105的一个示例为由微软公司制造的OFFICE。图1所示的其他软件应用程序包括电子邮件应用程序130。 
图2是示出用于显示基于任务的顶层功能选项卡以及显示包含在所选顶层功能选项卡下面可用的多个功能的功能控制区段的带状用户界面的计算机屏幕显示的图示。如以上所简述的，本发明的改进用户界面包括用于显示与在给定软件应用程序（诸如图1所示的软件应用程序105）下面可用的基于任务的功能相关联的控件的带状用户界面。用户界面200的第一区段210包括与诸如文字处理对电子表格数据分析之类的特定任务不相关联的功能的通用控件。例如，区段210包括诸如“打开文件（file open）”、“保存文件（file save）”和“打印（print）”之类的通用文件命令的控件。根据本发明的一个实施例，第一区段210中所包括的控件是可由包括多个功能应用程序105的各种软件应用程序利用的控件。即，第一区段210中所包括的控件可以是一般跨多个不同软件应用程序发现和使用的控件。 
第一区段210中所包括的控件可用于包括此类多功能应用程序的所有此类应用程序，但是以下描述的用户界面200中所呈现的其他控件可针对特定任务定制，它们可由包括多功能应用程序的特定软件应用程序执行。另一方面，应 当理解，此处描述的用户界面200可用于诸如文字处理应用程序125、幻灯片演示应用程序135、电子表格应用程序140、数据库应用程序145、或可利用用户界面以允许用户应用相关联应用程序的功能的任何其他软件应用程序之类的单个软件应用程序。 
仍然参考图2，与用户界面200的第一区段210相邻的是基于任务的选项卡区段。选项卡区段包括与由给定软件应用程序提供的基于任务的功能相关联的可选选项卡。出于示例的目的，图2所示的基于任务的选项卡与可使用文字处理应用程序125来执行的任务相关联。例如，“书写（Writing）”选项卡215与可用于执行书写任务的功能相关联。“插入（Insert）”选项卡220与关联于执行插入操作或任务的功能相关联。“页面布局（Page Layout）”选项卡230与由相关联的应用程序提供的用于执行或编辑给定文档的页面布局属性的功能相关联。基于任务的选项卡可由用户经由多种方法激活，这些方法包括但不限于经由定点设备（例如，鼠标）、快捷键、声音命令的选择，或者对具有相关联功能的文档内的元素的选择或鼠标悬停动作。 
如应当理解的，可将许多其他基于任务的选项卡或控件添加到用户界面的选项卡区段，以调用与其他任务相关联的功能。例如，可添加用于文本效果、文档样式、审阅和评论等的任务选项卡。而且，如上所述，用户界面200可用于各种不同软件应用程序。例如，如果用户界面200用于幻灯片演示应用程序，则在选项卡区段中包含的选项卡可包括诸如与可由幻灯片演示应用程序执行的各种任务相关联的“创建幻灯片（Create Slides）”、“插入（Insert）”、“格式（Format）”、“绘图（Drawing）”、“效果（Effects）”等选项卡。类似地，用户界面200的选项卡区段中可用于电子表格应用程序140的选项卡可包括诸如与可使用电子表格应用程序来执行的任务相关联的“数据（Data）”或“数据输入（Data Entry）”、“列表（Lists）”、“数据透视表（Pivot Tables）”、“分析（Analysis）”、“公式（Formulas）”、“页面和打印（Pages and Printing）”等选项卡。 
在通用控件区段210和基于任务的选项卡区段正下方的是用于显示与来自基于任务的选项卡区段的所选选项卡215、220、230相关联的可选功能控件的可选功能控件区段。根据本发明的各实施例，当选择诸如“书写”选项卡215之类的特定选项卡时，按逻辑分组显示相关联的软件应用程序中可用的用于执行所选任务（例如书写任务）的可选功能。例如，参考图2，在标题“剪贴板 （Clipboard）”下面显示第一逻辑分组240。根据本发明的各个实施例，剪贴板区段240包括逻辑上归组在一起并与书写的通用任务下面的剪贴板动作相关联的可选功能控件。例如，剪贴板区段240可包括诸如剪切控件、复制控件、粘贴控件、选择全部控件等控件。与剪贴板区段240相邻，在标题“格式（Formatting）”下面呈现第二逻辑分组250。在“格式（Formatting）”区段250中呈现的控件可包括诸如文本对齐、文本类型、字体大小、行间距、粗体、斜体、下划线等控件。因此，在整个“书写”任务下面将与格式操作相关联的功能逻辑地归组在一起。在标题“书写工具（Writing Tools）”下面呈现第三逻辑分组260。书写工具区段260包括诸如查找/替换（find/replace）、自动更正（autocorrect）等书写工具。 
根据一个实施例，如以下参考图3和4所述，在从选项卡区段中选择不同的基于任务的选项卡之后，在用户界面200中呈现包含可选功能控件的逻辑分组的与所选基于任务的选项卡相关联的不同功能控件区段。如图3所示，选择“插入”任务选项卡220，并且在用户界面200中呈现的可选功能控件从图2所示的那些可选功能控件改变而来以包括与插入任务相关联的可选功能控件。例如，在标题“图示（Illustrations）”下面示出可选功能控件的第一逻辑分组310。图示区段310包括用于允许用户将诸如图片（pictures）、剪贴画（clip art）、艺术字（word art）、图表（charts）、图示（diagrams）、组织结构图（organization charts）、绘图（drawings）等各种图示插入应用程序工作空间中。在标题“文本（Text）”下面提供可选功能控件的第二逻辑分组315，并且该可选功能控件的第二逻辑分组315提供用于将文本类型的对象或数据插入用户工作空间中的可选功能控件。例如，文本区段315中所包含的控件包括超链接（hyperlink）、符号（symbol）、文本框（text box）、日期和时间（date and time）、页码（page numbers）、页眉和页脚（headers and footers）等。在标题“分隔符（Breaks）”下面呈现可选功能控件的第三逻辑分组320。该区段包括用于插入诸如分页符（page breaks）、分栏符（column breaks）、分节符（section breaks）等分隔符的可选功能控件。 
参考图4，示出图2和3所示的用户界面200，其中选择“页面布局”选项卡230。在选择“页面布局”选项卡230之后，按逻辑分组410、420、430、440、450、460将与执行页面布局任务相关联的可选功能控件呈现给用户。例如，在标题“显示/隐藏（Show/Hide）”下面示出第一逻辑分组410，并且该 第一逻辑分组410包括与显示或隐藏诸如标尺（ruler）信息、段落标记（paragraph markings）、文本边界（text boundaries）等页面布局信息相关联的可选功能控件。在标题“页面设置（Page Setup）”下面归组第二区段420。页面设置区段420包括用于调节或编辑页面的方向（orientation）、大小（size）、边距（margins）、栏（column）设置、页面布局间隔（breaks）等的可选功能控件。在标题“页眉和页脚（Header & Footer）”下面呈现第三区段430。该区段430包括与插入并编辑页眉和页脚信息相关的软件应用程序功能的可选功能控件。 
沿着用户界面200的右边缘包括“背景（Background）”区段450和“位置（Position）”区段460。根据图4所示的用户界面，关闭或折叠这些可选功能控件区段。即，如图4所示，用户界面200没有足够的空间来在这两个区段中的每一个下面显示单独的可选功能控件。因此，从视图中关闭这两个区段。如应当理解的，取决于可用于显示用户界面200的屏幕大小或取决于用户界面200的给定用户所利用的显示设置，变化量的空间将可用于显示基于任务的选项卡和相关联的可选功能控件。因此，当在用户界面200中没有足够的空间可用于显示与给定基于任务的选项卡相关联的所有逻辑分组时，在应用程序运行时可作出关于必须折叠或关闭任何逻辑分组的确定，直到选择相关联的基于任务的选项卡。类似地，如果用户手动地减小用户界面200的大小，则作出关于用于显示可选功能控件区段的可用空间的确定，并且按需折叠某些可选功能控件区段。如应当理解的，可作出关于折叠可选功能控件区段的次序的确定，以使诸如“最常用的（most used）”或“最近所使用的（most recently used）”之类的准则可用于确定显示哪些可选功能控件区段以及在用户界面中的可用空间减小时折叠哪些区段。 
根据一个替换实施例，如果用户界面200缺乏足够的空间来显示与给定基于任务的选项卡相关联的功能控件的所有逻辑分组，则减小各个逻辑分组的显示的大小以允许空间显示所有相关联的逻辑分组。根据该实施例的一方面，可定义分组显示的不同大小，例如小的、中的和大的。在显示时，可作出关于可用空间的确定。在起始点处，呈现每一个应用程序逻辑分组显示的最大尺寸。在需要时，减小每一个逻辑分组的显示大小（即大的减小至中的、再减小至小的）直到使每一个分组都装入可用空间。另外，对于更小的逻辑分组显示布局，可缩短或消除文本标记，并且可重新安排给定分组中所包含的各个控件的布局以允许更有效地使用空间。 
根据本发明的各实施例，对诸如区段450、460之类的关闭或折叠的可选功能控件区段的选择导致用户界面200的重新安排以呈现与所选区段相关联的可选功能控件。即，如应当理解的，可折叠其他当前完全显示区段中的一个或多个以便为先前关闭或折叠的区段的可选功能控件腾出空间。替换地，当前在用户界面200中显示的所有可选功能控件可保持现状显示，并且可在下拉显示中显示在所选关闭或折叠区段下面包含的可选功能控件，该下拉显示在所选关闭或折叠的区段下面垂直呈现或者在用户界面200下面水平显示。替换地，可在弹出菜单或文本框中显示与所选关闭或折叠区段相关联的可选功能控件。 
根据本发明的各个实施例，可执行所显示的可选功能控件区段的自定义。即，可根据给定用户的特定需求对在给定所选任务选项卡下面的可选功能控件区段重新排序，并且如果与给定用户从未使用过那些区段相关联的功能，则可隐藏那些区段。或者，可手动地折叠当前所显示的可选功能控件区段从而在用户界面200中腾出空间，以显示由于用户界面200中空间不足而当前关闭或折叠的可选功能控件区段。 
根据本发明的各个实施例，用户可使用鼠标悬停动作通过可用可选功能控件来浏览。在鼠标悬停动作期间，可相关于在给定时间鼠标光标所聚焦的选项卡或功能控件动态地改变所显示的功能。例如，参考图2、3、4，如果用户点击并将鼠标光标保持在“书写”选项卡上，则显示可选功能控件区段及相关联的控件。如果用户没有看到所需功能控件，则用户可鼠标悬停到第二选项卡，例如，“插入”选项卡220，并且如图3所示可动态地显示与“插入”选项卡相关联的可选功能控件分组。如果用户例如在“插入”选项卡下面的可选功能控件区段或分组之一中看到所需控件，则用户可选择所需控件来应用于所选文档或对象。在用户选择所需控件或命令之后，用户界面200返回到在用户开始鼠标悬停动作之前呈现给用户的显示。即，在用户界面200中不保持显示对最后所选控件的可选功能控件区段的显示。用户界面200返回到鼠标悬停动作之前的最初显示。 
如本领域技术人员应当理解的，由于包含可选功能控件的逻辑分组的用户界面200的区段中的空间限制，不是软件应用程序的给定用户所需或所使用的所有功能都可通过选择在给定区段中所呈现的控件之一来访问。可与所选基于任务的选项卡下面的给定可选功能控件区段相关联的或以其他方式相关的许多附加功能可以是可用的。现在参考图5，如果用户需要使用未在给定可选功 能控件区段中呈现的附加功能，或者如果用户期望关于根据在给定可选功能控件区段中所呈现的功能的应用程序的文档或对象的属性的详细信息，则可启动对话框540以提供附加的可选功能控件区段、或提供关于功能向文档或对象的应用的详细信息。 
例如，如图5所示，对“字体（Fonts）”可选功能控件区段510的选择导致在区段510下面部署“字体细节（Font Details）”选项卡515。对“字体细节”选项卡515的选择导致“字体”对话框540的部署以提供关于特定功能向所选文档或对象的应用的用户详细信息，例如字体，并且提供未在可选功能控件区段510中呈现给用户的用户附加可选功能。如应当理解的，每当用户将鼠标光标聚焦在区段510的任何部分时可部署“字体细节”选项卡515以警告用户如果需要则用户可选择性地启动对话框540。替换地，其他机制可用于部署选项卡515，诸如选择区段标题，例如区段510的“字体”、或选择区段510内的与特定控件不相关联的任何区域、或右击“字体”区段510。 
参考图6，示出与用户界面200的第二逻辑分组区段520相关联的第二启动对话框600。如参考图5所述的，在可选功能控件的逻辑分组区段520下面部署选项卡522以启动对话框600，来提供关于相关联的可选逻辑分组区段520下面的应用于所选文档或对象的属性的用户附加功能或附加信息，例如“段落（Paragraph）”区段。如应当理解的，可为在用户界面200中所显示的可选功能控件的任何逻辑分组启动诸如图5和6所示的对话框540和600之类的对话框，其中可将附加功能或细节提供给期望用户。 
现在参考图7，在所选控件710下面在用户界面200的主体中示出可选功能控件的下拉菜单。在一些情况下，没有足够的空间可用于在选择相关联的功能选项卡230之后使所有可选功能控件被显示到用户界面200中的逻辑分组中。根据本发明的各个实施例，在这种情况下，可将诸如“页眉和页脚”控件710之类的控件填充到用户界面200中。对控件710的选择导致下拉菜单730的部署，用于显示与控件710相关联的可选功能控件。 
现在参考图8，可将各种工具提示显示给用户以提供关于相关联应用程序的不同功能的有用信息或教程。例如，如图8所示，显示工具提示弹出对话框820以提供关于在“栏（Columns）”区段810下面可用的功能的有用信息。如在弹出对话框820中所示，提供关于向文档应用栏格式和结构的有用信息。另外，可通过所部署的弹出对话框来提供在线培训和其他有用信息。如应当理解 的，可为在用户界面200中显示的任何功能分组提供诸如工具提示820之类的有用工具提示，或者可为单独的功能控件提供工具提示820。可响应于各种不同的用户动作来执行工具提示820的部署。例如，将鼠标光标放置在所选控件或控件分组上之后选择诸如F1键之类的功能键可部署弹出对话框。作为另一个示例，在功能控件的给定分组上右击鼠标设备可部署弹出对话框。包括鼠标悬停动作或鼠标光标在用户界面200的给定区段中聚焦一段时间之后自动部署的其他机制可用于部署工具提示弹出对话框。 
如应当理解的，取决于可用于显示用户界面200的屏幕大小或取决于由用户界面200的给定用户所使用的显示设置，变化量的空间将可用于显示基于任务的选项卡和相关联的可选功能控件。因此，当在用户界面200中有足够的空间可用于显示与给定基于任务的选项卡相关联的逻辑分组并且有额外可操作区域可用时，可作出关于显示与后续所选基于任务的选项卡相关联的附加逻辑分组的确定。 
如上所述，参考图4，包含可选功能控件的逻辑分组的用户界面200的区段中的空间限制可以是可从视图中关闭或折叠功能控件的一些逻辑分组。替换地，多次地与给定基于任务的选项卡相关联的功能控件的所有逻辑分组或编辑文本可装入可用显示空间并且附加空白显示空间可用于显示附加用户界面组件。例如，如果高分辨率计算机监视器正在使用中，或者如果多个监视器正在使用中，则显示空间可足够显示与给定基于任务的选项卡相关联的功能控件的所有逻辑分组和一个或多个附加基于任务的选项卡的逻辑分组，从而可用与不同基于任务的选项卡相关联的功能控件的逻辑分组来填充带状用户界面的一行相邻放置部分。 
图9示出了在带状用户界面内示出空白空间的计算机屏幕显示，该带状用户界面显示与所选顶层功能选项卡相关联的可选功能控件的功能控件区段。根据该实施例，如果用户界面在响应于接收到对给定用户界面选项卡的选择的指示显示一个或多个可选功能控件之后包含可用显示空间，则可用显示空间可用于显示与关联于不同任务的附加用户界面选项卡相关联的附加可选功能控件。可在用户界面中显示两个或更多个顶层功能选项卡以及包含与所选顶层功能选项卡相关联的特定功能控件的逻辑分组的功能控件区段。即，对第一顶层功能选项卡的选择可导致在用户界面的第一部分中显示与所选第一顶层功能选项卡相关联的第一可选功能控件集，以及对第二或后续顶层功能选项卡的选择 可导致在用户界面的第二或后续部分中显示与所选第二或后续顶层功能选项卡相关联的第二或后续可选功能控件集。替换地，可用与所编辑对象的上下文相关联的第二或后续可选功能控件集填充用户界面的第二或后续部分。例如，编辑文本文档中的图片对象可导致与关联于先前所选顶层功能选项卡的先前所显示的功能控件集相邻地,显示与在用户界面中的空白空间中编辑的图片相关联的功能控件集。 
参考图9，在从选项卡区段中选择基于任务的选项卡之后，在用户界面200中的不同逻辑分组中呈现与所选基于任务的选项卡相关联的第一可选功能控件集。例如，在选择“主页（Home）”选项卡905之后，在控件区段915中呈现具有功能按钮的第一控件分组集，这些功能按钮用于访问与应用程序的“主页”特征相关联的应用程序功能。示出“表（Table）”选项卡910，该选项卡910可被选择来用于用第二控件区段替换第一控件区段以包含与应用程序的“表”特征相关联的功能控件，或用于用第二控件区段填充用户界面200中的空白空间，如下所述。如应当理解的，此处描述的基于任务的选项卡及相关联的功能控件分组是出于示例的目的并且不限于可由基于任务的选项卡以及功能按钮和控件的相关联分组表示的大量应用程序功能。 
如图9所示，除了所显示的可选功能控件区段915之外，还可在用户界面200中包含空白空间920。在一个实施例中，如果有少量与所选基于任务的选项卡相关联的可选功能控件，则在用户界面中可存在空白空间920。例如，在图9中，用包含与所选基于任务的选项卡“主页”905相关联的可选功能控件的功能控件区段填充用户界面。如图所示，可选功能控件不占用在用户界面200中可用的全部显示空间，由此存在空白空间920。在另一个实施例中，如果在高分辨率监视器上显示应用程序，则空白空间920可以是可用的。在再一个实施例中，可在多个监视器上显示应用程序，这些监视器允许空白空间920在用户界面200中存在。如应当理解的，空白空间920在用户界面200中存在可有许多原因。 
如在图3和4中先前描述和示出的，在从选项卡区段选择第二基于任务的选项卡之后，不同逻辑分组中的可选功能控件的不同功能控件区段呈现，且替换用户界面200中的与所选基于任务的选项卡相关联的先前显示的可选功能控件。为了提高效率并利用大监视器的可用空间、多监视器设置，和/或允许用户每次在屏幕上看到更多命令和多组工具，可利用可用用户界面显示空间来显示 两个或更多个可调节大小的功能控件区段。根据本发明的各个实施例，如下参考图10所述，可利用多选项卡模式，随后激活不同顶层功能选项卡在用户界面内显示第二功能控件区段。用户可用该功能选择并排地查看多个基于任务的选项卡的功能控件。 
图10示出了在选择第二基于任务的选项卡之后空白空间920中的第二可选功能控件集的示例显示。如图10所示，用与“主页”选项卡905相关联的可选功能填充用户界面200。当激活第二顶层功能选项卡“表”910时，在用户界面200中的“表”功能控件区段1020中与包含关联于“主页”选项卡905的功能的功能控件区段915相邻地，显示与“表”选项卡910相关联的功能控件分组。由此，用第二所选选项卡的功能控件替换空白空间920，并且用户能够使用与两个不同的顶层功能相关联的功能而无需在两个选项卡之间切换。 
如应当理解的，用户可通过选择附加选项卡来显式地选择选项卡并将其安排成他/她想要的安排中，直到消耗所有可用空白空间920。一旦用两个或更多个相关联的所选选项卡的功能控件的逻辑分组填充带状用户界面的两个或多个部分，用户就可相对于彼此移动这些部分。例如，参考图10，用户可期望将“表”选项卡及相关联的功能控件移动到用户界面200的左侧以使随后在右侧放置“主页”选项卡及相关联的控件。可通过多种手段，例如拖放或键盘或声音命令来执行带状用户界面的部分或区段的这种操作。根据一个实施例，可永久地由用户放置功能控件的部分以使每当用户启动相关联的应用程序的实例并激活两个或更多个基于任务的选项卡时，将根据由用户设置的先前安排来放置包含基于任务的选项卡中的每一个的功能控件的用户界面的相关联部分。如应当理解的，每当用户所需时都可改变这种放置安排。该功能允许用户有效地访问他/她需要的工具而无需主动地管理他/她的选项卡的位置。 
多种方法可用于实现多选项卡显示。根据一个实施例，可通过选择一个或多个基于任务的选项卡用功能控件区段手动地填充用户界面200，如上所述。例如，用户可决定他可能只需要使用与“主页”选项卡和“表”选项卡相关联的功能来草拟他/她正在操作的将包含文本和表对象的文档。除了通过选择基于任务的选项卡905、910来显示功能控件的附加分组之外，可基于用户编辑动作用与应用程序任务或功能相关联的功能控件自动地填充空白空间920。例如，编辑文本文档中的图片对象可导致与关联于先前所选顶层功能选项卡的先前所显示的功能控件集相邻地，显示与在空白空间920中编辑的图片相关联的功 能控件集。出于示例的目的，参考图10，用户可能正在利用文字处理应用程序将文本键入文档中，并且可在用户界面200的“主页”功能控件区段915内显示与“主页”选项卡905相关联的可选功能。在“主页”区段915中包含的功能控件可将编辑文档的文本部分所需的那些功能提供给用户。除了文档中的文本之外，可将表1025嵌入文档中。根据一个实施例，如果用户通过点击表、在表上悬停鼠标或用于选择表的其他手段来开始编辑表1025，则可将与编辑表相关联的功能控件自动填充到空白空间920中，以使用户不必手动地选择与表编辑相关联的基于任务的选项卡从而显示所需功能控件。即，代替需要用户选择“表”选项卡910，编辑表对象1025可导致“表”选项卡910和与“表”选项卡相关联的功能控件区段1020被自动地填充到空白空间920中，如图10所示。 
根据另一个实施例，可用与文档内容和/或上下文相关联的相关基于任务的选项卡自动地填充用户界面200而无需用户编辑动作。例如，再次参考图10，在文档的所显示部分中只存在表对象1025可导致在空白空间920中自动显示相关联的功能控件而无需用户选择表对象。在向上或向下滚动文档、以及将新对象带入显示中时，可在用户界面的一部分中在合适的基于任务的选项卡下面显示那些对象的功能控件。例如，如果将图10所示的文档滚动到包含文本、表和图片的不同页面，则如果足够的空白空间920可用，则可在用户界面中自动地填充表对象和图片对象两者的功能控件。当将文档滚动到只包含文本的页面时，可自动地从显示中消除表和图片对象的功能控件。 
如果正在使用第三方插件应用程序（它用利用此处描述的选项卡界面的应用程序准确地注册），以及如果选择已使用第三方插件应用程序来创建的对象，则可在用户界面内的功能控件区段内显示与编辑那个对象相关联的可选功能。例如，用户可将他/她使用第三方会计软件应用程序所创建的表导入所编辑的文档中。在选择那个表之后，可在用户界面内显示来自与表内的数据相关联的第三方插件应用程序的可选功能作为功能控件的逻辑分组以便于使用第三方应用程序的功能。 
可根据可用空间重新安排在相应的基于任务的选项卡下面的功能控件的逻辑分组的每一区段的布局。如应当理解的且如前所述，可减小各个逻辑分组的显示的大小以允许空间显示所有相关联的逻辑分组。在显示时，可作出关于可用空间的确定。因此，可减小显示大小，可缩短或消除文本标记，并且可重 新安排给定分组中所包含的各个控件的布局以允许更有效地使用空间。在高分辨率监视器上，多个选项卡可能能够以它们的最大尺寸并排地出现，从而允许用户以他们先前不能的方式优化他们屏幕的使用。另外，用户可手动地改变控件的一个或多个所显示分组的大小。例如，参考图10，可在每一个所显示的控件区段915、1020的右边缘显示调整大小控件，用于允许用于按需对每一个控件区段调整大小的点击和拖拽操作。如应当理解的，点击和拖拽操作只是可对控件区段调整大小的许多方式中的一个示例，如上所述。当减小或扩大给定控件区段的大小时，可根据空间的改变自动地更改控件及相关联内容（例如，文本标记）的显示。替换地，如果用户动作或基于文档上下文将新功能控件区段添加到空白空间920，如上所述，则可自动地对所显示的控件区段调整大小以基于可用显示空间优化功能控件的显示。 
图11是示出带状用户界面的计算机屏幕显示的图示，该带状用户界面显示包含在三个所选顶层功能选项卡下面可用的多个功能的三个功能控件区段。如图11所示，用与三个基于任务的选项卡“主页”905、“插入”1110和“格式（Format）”1130相关联的可选功能控件填充示例用户界面200。如上所述，可手动地部署三个控件区段915、1120和1140，由此如果文档的上下文（例如，用户对文档中对象的选择）保证自动显示与该对象相关联的功能控件的控件区段，则可手动地部署用户所选的相关联的基于任务的选项卡或控件区段。另外，图11示出了对功能控件区段的手动的和自动的调整大小，其中在与图10中的那个区段的示例显示相关的减小显示配置中示出第一控件区段915。如上所述，可通过拖拽该区段的右边缘手动地减小该区段，或基于用于显示所需控件区段中的每一个的用户界面200中的可用空间自动地减小该区段。 
如此处所述，提供了用于展示基于任务的顶层功能选项卡以显示与给定基于任务的功能选项卡相关联的可选软件功能控件的逻辑分组的改进用户界面。对本领域的技术人员而言，显然可对本发明作出各种修改或变化而不背离本发明的范围或精神。在考虑说明书和实现此处公开的本发明之后，本发明的其他实施例对本领域的技术人员而言将是显而易见的。 

Claims (15)

1.一种用于经由改进用户界面提供来自软件应用程序的功能的方法，包括：
提供所述软件应用程序中可用的多个功能；
根据可用所述软件应用程序来执行的一个或多个任务组织所述多个功能；
针对所述一个或多个任务中的每一个，在所述用户界面中提供用户界面选项卡；
在接收到对第一用户界面选项卡的选择的指示之后，在所述用户界面中显示第一功能控件区段，所述第一功能控件区段包含用于选择在与所选第一用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的一个或多个控件；以及
在接收到对替换用户界面选项卡的后续选择的指示之后，确定在所述用户界面内除了在与所述第一所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的所显示控件之外，显示空间是否可用于显示在与后续所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的控件。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，如果在所述用户界面内显示空间可用，则除了包含用于选择在与所述第一所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的一个或多个控件的所显示的第一功能控件区段之外，在所述用户界面中显示包含在与后续所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的一个或多个控件的第二功能控件区段。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在与后续所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的所述一个或多个功能包括与关联于正在文档中编辑的对象的上下文的任务相关联的一个或多个功能。
4.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括
在接收到对第二替换用户界面选项卡的第二后续选择的指示之后，确定除了在与所述第一和后续所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的所显示控件之外,在所述用户界面内显示空间是否可用于显示包含在与第二后续所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的控件的第三功能控件区段；以及
如果在所述用户界面内显示空间可用，则除了在与所述第一和后续所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的所显示控件之外,在所述用户界面中显示包含在与所述第二后续所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的控件的第三功能控件区段。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括
接收对所编辑文档中的对象的编辑动作的指示；
确定除了在与所述第一所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的所显示控件之外，在所述用户界面内显示空间是否可用于显示在与所述对象相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的控件；以及
如果在所述用户界面内显示空间可用，则除了在与所述第一所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的所显示控件之外，在所述用户界面中提供在与所述对象相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的一个或多个控件。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括
检测所编辑文档中的对象；
确定除了在与所述第一所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的所显示控件之外，在所述用户界面内显示空间是否可用于显示在与所述对象相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的控件；以及
如果在所述用户界面内显示空间可用，则除了在与所述第一所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的所显示控件之外，在所述用户界面中提供在与所述对象相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的一个或多个控件。
7.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括
相对于所述第二功能控件区段的位置移动所述第一功能控件区段的位置，用于优化所述第一和第二功能控件区段所包含的一个或多个功能控件的使用。
8.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括改变所述第一或第二功能控件区段的显示大小以使所述第一和第二功能控件区段装入所述用户界面中可用的显示空间，其中改变所述第一或第二功能控件区段的显示大小以使所述第一和第二功能控件区段装入所述用户界面中可用的显示空间包括在确定所述用户界面中可用的显示空间允许所述第一和第二功能控件区段中的一个或两者放大显示或者要求必须减小所述第一和第二功能控件区段中的一个或两者的显示之后，自动地改变所述第一或第二功能控件区段的显示大小以便于所述第一和第二功能控件区段装入所述用户界面中可用的显示空间。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，如果作出了所述用户界面中可用的显示空间要求必须减小所述第一和第二功能控件区段中的一个或两者的显示的确定，则通过减小所述第一和第二功能控件区段中所包含的功能控件的一个或多个分组的显示大小来减小所述第一和第二功能控件区段中的一个或两者。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括将用于选择在与所选第一用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的所述一个或多个控件归组到控件的一个或多个逻辑分组中，其中所述一个或多个逻辑分组中的每一个与关联于所选第一用户界面选项卡的功能子集相关联。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括如果用户界面缺乏足够的空间来显示控件的给定逻辑分组，则：
将所述控件的给定逻辑分组折叠成用于访问归组在所述控件的给定逻辑分组下的所述控件的单个可选控件；以及
重新安排归组在控件的给定逻辑分组中的各个控件的布局以减小所述控件的逻辑分组的显示大小。
12.一种用于经由改进用户界面提供来自软件应用程序的功能的方法，包括：
提供所述软件应用程序中可用的多个功能；
根据可用所述软件应用程序来执行的一个或多个任务组织所述多个功能；
针对所述一个或多个任务中的每一个，在所述用户界面中提供用户界面选项卡；
在接收到对第一用户界面选项卡的选择的指示之后，在所述用户界面中显示第一功能控件区段，所述第一功能控件区段包含用于选择在与所选第一用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的一个或多个控件；以及
接收对所编辑文档中的对象的编辑动作的指示；以及
如果在所述用户界面内显示空间可用，则除了所显示的第一功能控件区段之外，在所述用户界面中显示包含在与编辑所述对象相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的一个或多个控件的第二功能控件区段。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，
在除了所显示的第一功能控件区段之外在所述用户界面中显示包含在与编辑所述对象相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的一个或多个控件的第二功能控件区段之前，确定除了在与所述第一所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的所显示控件之外，在所述用户界面内显示空间是否可用于显示在与所述对象相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的控件；以及
如果在所述用户界面内显示空间可用，则除了在与所述第一所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的所显示控件之外，在所述用户界面中提供在与所述对象相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的一个或多个控件。
14.一种用于经由改进用户界面提供来自软件应用程序的功能的方法，包括：
提供所述软件应用程序中可用的多个功能；
根据可用所述软件应用程序来执行的一个或多个任务组织所述多个功能；
针对所述一个或多个任务中的每一个，在所述用户界面中提供用户界面选项卡；
在接收到对第一用户界面选项卡的选择的指示之后，在所述用户界面中显示第一功能控件区段，所述第一功能控件区段包含用于选择在与所选第一用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的一个或多个控件；
在接收到对替换用户界面选项卡的后续选择的指示之后，确定除了在与所述第一所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的所显示控件之外，在所述用户界面内显示空间是否可用于显示在与后续所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的控件；
如果在所述用户界面内显示空间可用，则除了包含用于选择在与所述第一所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的一个或多个控件的所显示的第一功能控件区段之外，在所述用户界面中显示包含在与后续所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的一个或多个控件的第二功能控件区段；
检测所编辑文档中的对象；
确定除了在与所述第一所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的所显示控件之外，在所述用户界面内显示空间是否可用于显示在与所述对象相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的控件；以及
如果在所述用户界面内显示空间可用，则除了在与所述第一所选用户界面选项卡相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的所显示控件之外，在所述用户界面中提供在与所述对象相关联的任务下组织的一个或多个功能的一个或多个控件。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括在确定所述用户界面中可用的显示空间允许放大的所述第一和第二功能控件区段中的一个或两者的显示或要求必须减小所述第一和第二功能控件区段中的一个或两者的显示之后，自动地改变所述第一或第二功能控件区段的显示大小以使所述第一和第二功能控件区段装入所述用户界面中可用的显示空间。
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