CN102295482B - Composite rice seedling agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite rice seedling agent and a preparation method thereof. The composite rice seedling agent comprises the following components based on 1000kg: 420-490kg of acidified coal slag, 100-150kg of sulfuric acid, 200-230kg of diammonium phosphate, 70-110kg of ammonium sulfate, 65-85kg of nitro humic acid, 30-40kg of rare earth, 27-35kg of potassium sulfate, 10-12kg of zinc sulfate and 8-10kg of iron sulfate. The composite rice seedling agent provided by the invention can be used for preventing and treating rice seedling blight and improving the disease-resistant capability and development quality of rice seedlings so that the rice seedlings can well thrive.

Description

A kind of compound rice seedling raising agent and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a rice seedling-raising agent, in particular to a compound rice seedling-raising agent and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

For many years in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia, during the production of rice seedlings, blight at the seedling stage has generally occurred, and some areas are more serious, causing the death of large areas of rice seedlings, resulting in no seedlings for planting in rice fields. Because the seedling period has passed, rice farmers can only buy seedlings at high prices in other places, or change rice fields into dry fields, and losses are inevitable. During the seedling period, not only disease prevention, but also the amount and management of fertilizer and water are also very important. Only good rice seedlings are the prerequisite for predicting a high yield and a bumper harvest that year. According to preliminary investigations, various problems commonly exist in the production process of rice seedlings in many areas. The amount of fertilizer and water is basically based on experience. In terms of disease prevention, pesticides are used. On the contrary, it inhibits the development and growth of seedlings, and the results are counterproductive. There are also some experienced farmers who apply less pesticides to the seedlings or spray diluted acids, edible vinegar essence, etc. in the early stage of seedling growth, but the efficacy of the drugs is significantly reduced. Therefore, above these methods all can't suppress the generation of damp-off effectively.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at the above problems, and provides a compound rice seedling-raising agent capable of preventing and treating rice seedling blight, improving disease resistance and development quality of rice seedlings, and making rice seedlings grow stronger and stronger, and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme,

A compound rice seedling raising agent, calculated by 1000kg, containing 420-490Kg of acidified cinder, 100-150Kg of sulfuric acid, 200-230Kg of diammonium phosphate, 70-110Kg of ammonium sulfate, 65-85Kg of nitro humic acid, 30- 40Kg, potassium sulfate 27-35Kg, zinc sulfate 10-12Kg, ferrous sulfate 8-10Kg.

Type A seedling agent, which contains acidified cinder 490Kg, sulfuric acid 100Kg, diammonium phosphate 200Kg, ammonium sulfate 70Kg, nitrohumic acid 65Kg, rare earth 30Kg, potassium sulfate 27Kg, zinc sulfate 10Kg, ferrous sulfate 8Kg;

Or type A seedling agent, which contains acidified cinder 420Kg, sulfuric acid 100Kg, diammonium phosphate 230Kg, ammonium sulfate 110Kg, nitrohumic acid 65Kg, rare earth 30Kg, potassium sulfate 27Kg, zinc sulfate 10Kg, ferrous sulfate 8Kg;

Type B seedling agent, which contains acidified cinder 420Kg, sulfuric acid 150Kg, diammonium phosphate 201Kg, ammonium sulfate 73Kg, nitrohumic acid 66Kg, rare earth 40Kg, potassium sulfate 28Kg, zinc sulfate 12Kg, ferrous sulfate 10Kg;

Or Type B seedling agent, which contains acidified cinder 420Kg, sulfuric acid 143Kg, diammonium phosphate 200Kg, ammonium sulfate 90Kg, nitrohumic acid 65Kg, rare earth 30Kg, potassium sulfate 30Kg, zinc sulfate 12Kg, ferrous sulfate 10Kg.

The preparation of described compound rice seedling-raising agent:

(1) Acidification of coal slag: Coal slag powder is acidified with mass concentration 30-40% sulfuric acid water for 7-8 days to make acidified coal slag raw material, wherein the amount of sulfuric acid water required for every 100 kilograms of lignite slag powder is 20 - 25 kg;

(2) Preparation of nitrohumic acid: the preparation process is divided into raw material treatment, nitration and aging;

Raw material processing: air-dry the water content of the lignite to a water content of 25-30 wt%, and then pulverize it into 10-20 mesh powder to prepare the raw material;

Nitrification and maturation: Nitrate and mature the dried lignite powder with nitric acid water with a mass concentration of 10-15%. Among them, 20-25 kg of nitric acid water is required for every 100 kg of lignite, and then matured after sealing. The maturation time is 8- 10 days, Serve nitro humic acid;

Nitrification refers to the process in which pulverized raw material lignite interacts with nitric acid to generate nitrohumic acid. The purpose of the reaction between lignite and nitric acid water is to oxidize the non-humic acid part of the coal into humic acid, and increase the total content of humic acid to more than 70%. The reaction between lignite and nitric acid water is mainly an oxidation degradation reaction. It is fixed in the product, and most of it escapes in the form of NO, N ₂ O, and N ₂ . Since this is the effect of weak acid and weak base, the reaction speed is slow, and the nitrated material needs to be stored for 8-10 days. , so that the reaction is complete, this process is called ripening.

(3) mix homogeneously by the prescription described in claim 1, obtain finished product, promptly obtain compound rice seedling-raising agent of the present invention after packing.

The concrete process of the acidification of coal slag in the step (1) is; at first the raw material coal slag is dried and pulverized to 10-20 mesh, the raw material coal slag powder is flatly spread on the ground, every layer of coal slag powder is spread, just sprinkle a layer of sulfuric acid water, Sprinkle evenly on the coal slag powder, add 20-25 kg of sulfuric acid water with a mass concentration of 30-40% for every 100 kg of lignite slag powder, and the thickness of each layer of slag powder is 3-4 inches; when it reaches 3-4 feet thick At the same time, start stirring, and then cover it with a plastic cloth after stirring evenly; the aging period is 7-8 days, and finally spread the heap, open the agglomeration, stir again, and it will become the cinder raw material after acidification.

The specific process of nitrification and slaking in the preparation of nitrohumic acid in step (2) is:

Nitrification and maturation: spread the dried lignite powder on the ground with a thickness of 3-4 inches, add 20-25 kg of nitric acid water with a concentration of 10-15% for every 100 kg of lignite powder, and sprinkle the nitric acid water evenly Sprinkle a layer of lignite powder on the lignite powder, so that the nitric acid water and the lignite powder are sprinkled in turn, until the pile is as high as 3 to 4 feet; then cover the lignite powder and seal it with a plastic cloth Carry out slaking; after 8-10 days of slaking, spread out the heap, and then stir evenly to form nitro humic acid.

Nitrification refers to the process in which pulverized raw material lignite interacts with nitric acid to generate nitrohumic acid. The purpose of the reaction between lignite and nitric acid water is to oxidize the non-humic acid part of the coal into humic acid, and increase the total content of humic acid to more than 70%. The reaction between lignite and nitric acid water is mainly an oxidation degradation reaction. It is fixed in the product, and most of it escapes in the form of NO, N ₂ O, and N ₂ . Since this is the effect of weak acid and weak base, the reaction speed is slow, and the nitrated material needs to be stored for 8-10 days. , so that the reaction is complete, this process is called ripening.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The invention is a multi-component special fertilizer for rice seedling raising, which uses acidified coal slag as the carrier, and N, P, K, nitrohumic acid, rare earth and trace elements as the main body. The overall level.

Applying the invention can improve the live quantity and quality of rice seedlings; stimulate the growth of crops, reduce the pH value in the seedbed soil due to the action of sulfuric acid in the seedling agent, suppress the occurrence of blight, and improve the disease resistance of crops; The release cycle reduces fertilizer loss; the combination of humic acid and inorganic quick-acting fertilizer; the pretreatment of cinder carrier, the selection and reasonable mixing of auxiliary materials; the type and quantity of nutrient elements can meet the needs of rice seedling growth period; The seedling preservation rate is 85-95%. (according to different geological conditions), and have the effect of improving the quality of rice seedlings as a whole.

As one of the raw materials of the compound rice seedling agent of the present invention, nitro humic acid is a porous substance, which can improve the structure of soil aggregates, adjust soil water, fertilizer, gas, and heat conditions, improve soil exchange capacity, and its adsorption and complexation The reaction can reduce harmful substances in the soil (including residual pesticides, heavy metals and other toxic substances), improve the natural purification ability of the soil, and reduce pollution; at the same time, due to the colloidal properties of nitrohumic acid, it can improve the microbial population in the soil and is suitable for beneficial bacteria growth and reproduction.

Nitrohumic acid has a variety of active genes, which can enhance the activity of catalase and polyphenol oxidase in crops, stimulate plant physiological metabolism, promote early seed germination, high emergence rate, fast rooting of seedlings, large root volume, and root system Well-developed stems, branches and leaves are strong and luxuriant; nitrohumic acid has strong exchange and adsorption capacity, which can reduce the loss of ammonium nitrogen and improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer; nitrohumic acid can also increase the distance of phosphorus moving in the soil and inhibit The fixation of water-soluble phosphorus by the soil promotes the absorption of phosphorus by the root system; nitrohumic acid can reduce the opening of the stomata on the leaf surface, reduce the evaporation of water on the leaf surface, adjust the water volume, improve the water status of the plant, and ensure that the crops can survive drought conditions. Nitrohumic acid is an amphoteric colloid with high surface activity and has an inhibitory effect on fungi, which can enhance crop cold resistance, prevent rot, and reduce pests and diseases.

The rare earth element as another raw material of the compound rice seedling raising agent of the present invention has the following effects in rice seedling raising:

(1) It can promote the rooting of crops, increase the content of chlorophyll and enhance the photosynthetic effect; promote the transfer of carbohydrates temporarily stored in the vegetative organs to the radial part;

(2) It can promote the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus by crops;

(3) It can enhance the cold resistance and drought resistance of crops;

(4) Improve the rice seedling emergence rate and enable early rice seedling emergence, while improving the quality of rice seedlings.

The invention is a multifunctional seedling-raising agent scientifically formulated according to the biological characteristics of rice seed germination, the physical and chemical properties of soil and the nutritional conditions of soil environment. After the seedling agent is applied to the seedbed, the acidity of the seedbed soil can be adjusted, and the nutrient elements necessary for seedling growth, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, trace elements and organic acids, are no longer required to apply pesticides and various fertilizers; it can promote the growth of seedlings. Robust growth and prevention of rice seedling blight, increase the quantity and quality of rice seedlings, and stimulate crop growth; due to the action of sulfuric acid in the seedling agent, the pH value in the seedbed soil is reduced, the occurrence of blight is inhibited, and crop growth is improved. Disease resistance; extended fertilizer release cycle, reducing fertilizer loss.

The seedlings applied with the seedling-raising agent show that the seedlings are neat, strong, positive in color, well-developed root system, free from blight, and the seedling preservation rate is 85-95%.

Simultaneously, the present invention is very safe and convenient to use, is suitable for rice seedling raising and other various crops suitable for acid nutrient soil seedling raising, and is a good way for rice seedling raising.

The seedling agent is granular in the form of 10-20 mesh, light gray in color, strong in looseness, and contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, trace elements and organic acids.

The seedling-raising agent has excellent physical and chemical properties, is convenient to use, is safe, has no pollution, has a wide range of sources of raw materials, and has a simple production process, is easy to master, has low investment, quick results, high benefits and good application effects, and is an ideal product for rice seedling cultivation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The embodiment of compound rice seedling-raising agent preparation method is:

Embodiment 1B type seedling raising agent

1. Acidification of coal slag: First, dry and crush the raw coal slag to 10-15 meshes, spread the raw coal slag powder on the ground, sprinkle a layer of sulfuric acid water on each layer of coal slag powder, and sprinkle it evenly on the coal slag powder For every 100 kg of lignite slag powder, add 20 kg of sulfuric acid water with a mass concentration of 30%, and the thickness of each layer of slag powder is 4 inches; when it reaches 3 feet thick, start stirring, and seal it with plastic cloth after stirring evenly; The aging period is 7 days. Finally, the heap is spread out, the agglomeration is opened, and it is stirred again to serve as the spare raw material;

2. Preparation of nitrohumic acid: the preparation process is divided into three steps: raw material treatment, nitration and aging

(1) Raw material processing: using lignite as raw material, the water content of lignite is naturally air-dried to a water content of 25wt%, and then pulverized into 10-15 mesh powder, which is the raw material for preparation;

(2) Nitrification and slaking: spread the dried lignite powder on the ground with a thickness of 3 inches. For every 100 kg of lignite powder, add 20 kg of nitric acid water with a concentration of 15%. The nitric acid water will be evenly sprinkled on the lignite powder Then sprinkle a layer of lignite powder, so that the nitric acid water and the lignite powder are sprinkled in turn, until the heap is as high as 3 feet; then cover the lignite powder, seal and cover with plastic cloth for aging; aging for 8 Days later, spread out the heap and stir evenly to form nitro humic acid.

3. Detect the purity of raw materials; measure the accurate purity of raw materials, and then calculate the appropriate amount of raw materials added through the purity;

4. Take 420Kg of acidified cinder, 150Kg of sulfuric acid, 201Kg of diammonium phosphate, 73Kg of ammonium sulfate, 66Kg of nitrohumic acid, 40Kg of rare earth, 28Kg of potassium sulfate, 12Kg of zinc sulfate, and 10Kg of ferrous sulfate, and mix them evenly to obtain 1000kg of composite rice Seedling agent;

5. Finished product packaging.

Embodiment 2A type seedling raising agent

The difference from Example 1 is that the cinder containing acidified 490Kg, sulfuric acid 100Kg, diammonium phosphate 200Kg, ammonium sulfate 70Kg, nitrohumic acid 65Kg, rare earth 30Kg, potassium sulfate 27Kg, zinc sulfate 10Kg, ferrous sulfate 8Kg , get 1000kg compound rice seedling raising agent after mixing evenly.

Embodiment 3A type seedling raising agent

The difference from Example 1 is that the cinder containing acidified 420Kg, sulfuric acid 100Kg, diammonium phosphate 230Kg, ammonium sulfate 110Kg, nitrohumic acid 65Kg, rare earth 30Kg, potassium sulfate 27Kg, zinc sulfate 10Kg, ferrous sulfate 8Kg , get 1000kg compound rice seedling raising agent after mixing evenly.

Embodiment 4B type seedling raising agent

1. Acidification of coal slag: First, dry and pulverize the raw coal slag to 15-20 mesh, spread the raw coal slag powder on the ground, sprinkle a layer of sulfuric acid water on each layer of coal slag powder, and sprinkle it evenly on the coal slag powder For every 100 kg of lignite slag powder, add 25 kg of sulfuric acid water with a mass concentration of 40%, and the thickness of each layer of slag powder is 3 inches; when it reaches 4 feet thick, start stirring, and seal it with plastic cloth after stirring evenly; The aging period is 8 days. Finally, the heap is spread out, the agglomeration is opened, and it is stirred again to serve as the spare raw material;

2. Preparation of nitrohumic acid: the preparation process is divided into three steps: raw material treatment, nitration and aging

(1) Raw material processing: using lignite as raw material, the water content of lignite is naturally air-dried to a water content of 30wt%, and then pulverized into 15-20 mesh powder, which is the raw material for preparation;

(2) Nitrification and slaking: spread the dried brown coal powder on the ground with a thickness of 4 inches, add 25 kilograms of nitric acid water with a concentration of 10% for every 100 kilograms of brown coal powder, and sprinkle the nitric acid water on the brown coal powder evenly Then sprinkle a layer of lignite powder, so that the nitric acid water is poured and the lignite powder is sprinkled in turn, until the heap is as high as 4 feet; after covering the lignite powder, cover it with a plastic cloth for aging; aging for 10 Days later, spread out the heap and stir evenly to form nitro humic acid.

3. Detect the purity of raw materials; measure the accurate purity of raw materials, and then calculate the appropriate amount of raw materials added through the purity;

4. Take 420Kg of acidified cinder, 143Kg of sulfuric acid, 200Kg of diammonium phosphate, 90Kg of ammonium sulfate, 65Kg of nitrohumic acid, 30Kg of rare earth, 30Kg of potassium sulfate, 12Kg of zinc sulfate, and 10Kg of ferrous sulfate.

5. Finished product packaging.

Application: The seedling agent has two types, type A is suitable for soil with a pH of 7-7.5, and type B is suitable for a soil with a pH of about 7.5-8.5. When rice seedlings are raised, the seedbed is leveled. Apply 0.4-0.5 kg of the seedling agent, spray water with a watering can, dissolve the seedling agent for 10 minutes, and then sow and cover the soil to make the bed soil reach the ideal acidity.

A-type or B-type seedling agent can be used according to the pH of the soil to determine the type. The key to the formula of A-type or B-type seedling raising agent is that the amount of sulfuric acid is different, and the other contents are exactly the same as the production process.

Claims (6)

1. compound seedling cultivation of rice agent, it is characterized in that: by 1000kg, wherein contain the cinder 420-490Kg after the acidifying, sulfuric acid 100-150Kg, diammonium phosphate 200-230Kg, ammonium sulfate 70-110Kg, nitro humic acid 65-85Kg, rare earth 30-40Kg, potassium sulphate 27-35Kg, zinc sulphate 10-12Kg, ferrous sulfate 8-10Kg.

2. compound seedling cultivation of rice agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the agent of growing seedlings of A type wherein contains the cinder 490Kg after the acidifying, sulfuric acid 100Kg, diammonium phosphate 200Kg, ammonium sulfate 70Kg, nitro humic acid 65Kg, rare earth 30Kg, potassium sulphate 27Kg, zinc sulphate 10Kg, ferrous sulfate 8Kg;

Perhaps, wherein contain the cinder 420Kg after the acidifying, sulfuric acid 100Kg, diammonium phosphate 230Kg, ammonium sulfate 110Kg, nitro humic acid 65Kg, rare earth 30Kg, potassium sulphate 27Kg, zinc sulphate 10Kg, ferrous sulfate 8Kg.

3. compound seedling cultivation of rice agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the Type B agent of growing seedlings wherein contains the cinder 420Kg after the acidifying, sulfuric acid 150Kg, diammonium phosphate 201Kg, ammonium sulfate 73Kg, nitro humic acid 66Kg, rare earth 40Kg, potassium sulphate 28Kg, zinc sulphate 12Kg, ferrous sulfate 10Kg;

Perhaps, wherein contain the cinder 420Kg after the acidifying, sulfuric acid 143Kg, diammonium phosphate 200Kg, ammonium sulfate 90Kg, nitro humic acid 65Kg, rare earth 30Kg, potassium sulphate 30Kg, zinc sulphate 12Kg, ferrous sulfate 10Kg.

4. the preparation method of the described compound seedling cultivation of rice agent of claim 1 is characterized in that:

(1) acidifying of cinder: brown coal ground-slag grain is adopted mass concentration 30-40% sulfuric acid water acidifying 7-8 days, make the cinder raw material after the acidifying, wherein the amount of per 100 kilograms of required sulfuric acid water of brown coal ground-slag grain is the 20-25 kilogram;

(2) preparation of nitro humic acid: preparation process is divided into raw material processing, nitrated and slaking;

Raw material is handled: the water content of brown coal is air-dry to water content 25-30wt%, pulverize then and be 10-20 purpose powder, the preparation raw material;

Nitrated and slaking: the brown coal powder after air-dry is carried out nitrated and slaking with the nitric acid aqueous solution of mass concentration 10-15%, and wherein per 100 kilograms of brown coal powders need nitric acid aqueous solution 20-25 kilogram, carry out slaking after the sealing, and the curing time is 8-10 days, nitro humic acid;

(3) prescription by claim 1 mixes, and gets product, and namely gets compound seedling cultivation of rice agent after the packing.

5. preparation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that:

The detailed process of the acidifying of cinder is in the step (1); At first raw material brown coal slag is dried and be crushed to the 10-20 order, brown coal ground-slag grain is tiled on the ground, every shop one deck brown coal ground-slag grain, just spread one deck sulfuric acid water, to evenly be sprinkling upon on the brown coal ground-slag grain, per 100 kilograms of brown coal ground-slag grains add mass concentration 30-40% sulfuric acid water 20-25 kilogram, and every layer of brown coal ground-slag grain thickness is 3-4 cun; When reaching the 3-4 chi when thick, begin to stir, build with the Polypropylence Sheet sealing back that stirs; Maturation period is 7-8 days, at last heap stand is let go, and caking is opened, stir once again, the cinder raw material after the standby acidifying.

6. preparation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that:

Nitratedly in the preparation of nitro humic acid in the step (2) with detailed process slaking be:

Nitrated and slaking: the brown coal powder after air-dry is tiled on the ground, thickness is 3-4 cun, per 100 kilograms of brown coal powders, the nitric acid aqueous solution 20-25 kilogram that adds concentration 10-15%, nitric acid aqueous solution will evenly be sprinkling upon on the brown coal powder, and then spread one deck brown coal powder, splash nitric acid aqueous solution and spreading brown coal powder of samsara so successively, to heap up to 3～4 chis; After then covering the brown coal powder, build with Polypropylence Sheet sealing and to carry out slaking; After slaking 8-10 days, heap stand is let go, stirs again, nitro humic acid.

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