A kind of earth pressure balanced annular shield machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Suporting structure, especially relate to a kind of earth pressure balanced annular shield machine.
Background technology
Shield tunnel construction have to surrounding environment disturb little, speed of application is fast, safe and reliable and mechanization and the high advantage of automaticity, has become the construction that generally adopts that current city soft soil tunnel is built.Corresponding, the shield machine type that is applicable to the Different Strata condition has also obtained great development, earth pressure balanced shield is at first to be developed and used by Japan the seventies, it is a kind of novel shield structure that after muddy water pressurization shield structure comes out, is born, this shield structure has been avoided the significant drawbacks of partial pressure shield structure, also omit bigger required conveying and the treatment facility of slurry shield of investment, more be applicable to weak alluvial clay stratum.
In recent years, carry out just like a raging fire to the development and use of urban underground space, wherein the quantity of subway tunnel and scale are also increasing.In the near future, along with the growth of operation and service time, the performance of established tunnel and quality are inevitable to descend thereupon, loses safe application performance the most at last.Meanwhile, along with further developing of city, the railway and highway system that is maintaining the city normal operation will seem crowded all the more, in order to satisfy growing urban traffic demand, enlarges the subway tunnel diameter possibly, or forms the multi-level junction system.Therefore, in order to guarantee the normal operation and the daily life of urban traffic, must change circuit and build new tunnel or the old tunnel that loses functional performance is transformed.Yet, be about to future of being tending towards saturated at urban underground space, on the one hand, the change circuit will certainly cause the underground space more crowded, strengthens the raising that cutting depth must cause difficulty of construction and risk; On the other hand, discarded tunnel must take the valuable underground space, and discarded simultaneously tunnel is the whole damage inactivation of possibility at any time, causes the distortion of surrounding soil, closely influences the adjacent line or the safety of building, is a great potential risk hidden danger.Therefore, best bet is that existing tunnel is transformed, adopt cut and cover tunneling big and along with the increase of edpth of tunnel to surrounding environment influence, the difficulty of construction of cut and cover method and risk also will increase thereupon, so it is the most economical and safety adopting non-excavation form, wherein increasingly automated and shield-tunneling construction technology mechanization should be a kind of good selection.So research and development are applicable to that the novel shield structure that the existing tunnel that is under the Different Strata condition is transformed is a problem with far-reaching significance.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of tunnel, the wide accommodation of different-diameter, earth pressure balanced annular shield machine with sealing and sealing function of excavating for the defective that overcomes above-mentioned prior art existence.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of earth pressure balanced annular shield machine, it is characterized in that, this shield machine comprises the shield machine housing, the annular cutterhead, the soil pressure cabin, conveying worm, advance oil cylinder, sealing mat, machine is removed in the section of jurisdiction, duct piece assembling machine and sealing brush, described annular cutterhead is located at the front portion of shield machine housing, described soil pressure cabin is located at the rear portion of annular cutterhead, described conveying worm is located at the shield machine lower part of frame, described propelling oil cylinder be distributed on the shield machine housing around, described sealing mat is a nitrile rubber bellows inflatable seal pad, the sidepiece of sealing pad is provided with the sealing mat jack, described section of jurisdiction dismounting machine is located at the front end on conveying worm top, described duct piece assembling machine is located at the rear portion that machine is removed in the section of jurisdiction, and described sealing brush is located at the shield machine afterbody.
Be provided with on the described annular cutterhead and tear cutter and bite.
Described sealing is lined with twice, be used to prevent soil pressure loss and underground water intrusion, the sealing pad adopts fastener for installing to fix, utilize the pressurization bar to keep pressure in the shield machine, the expansion of the air bag compressed air by sealing mat and shrink the soil pressure that keeps the excavation face and realize sealing and sealing function.
The adjustable full line journey of described sealing mat jack makes sealing mat and shield machine advanced in unison.
Described sealing is brushed with three roads, is filled with shield tail oil fat between the three seals brush, and the last brush of sealing together can be removed replacing.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) utilizes annular cutterhead that shield structure the place ahead soil body is cut, can excavate the tunnel of different-diameter as requested, realize transformation existing tunnel;
(2) by adjust the otch rate, tear cutter quantity, the improvement of tearing the soil body in the layout of cutter and bite and the native cabin can improve suitable soil layer scope of the present invention;
(3) underground water is invaded the tunnel and is kept soil pressure in the native cabin when preventing knife cutting, adopt twice nitrile rubber bellows inflatable seal pad, can adjust the blowing pressure according to actual conditions, keep the soil pressure in the native cabin and realize sealing and sealing function by compressed-air actuated expansion and contraction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 utilizes earth pressure balance annular shield machine existing tunnel to be transformed the overall synoptic diagram of worker's method;
Fig. 2 is an earth pressure balance annular shield machine constructional detail;
Fig. 3 is an annular cutterhead A-A sectional drawing among Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is annular shield machine sealing mat section detailed construction figure;
1 is the shield machine housing among the figure, 2 is annular cutterhead, 3 is the soil pressure cabin, 4 is conveying worm, 5 for advancing oil cylinder, 6 is sealing mat, 7 for removing machine in the section of jurisdiction, 8 is duct piece assembling machine, 9 are the sealing brush, 10 is feed belt, 11 is native slag bucket, 12 are battery truck, 13 is old section of jurisdiction, 14 is new section of jurisdiction, 15 is straddle truck, 16 is native slag bath, 17 for tearing cutter, 18 is bite, 19 is the sealing mat jack, 20 is soil outlet, 21 is fastener for installing, 22 is the nitrile rubber pad, 23 are the pressurization bar, 24 is annular seal space, 25 is bearing.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment
A kind of earth pressure balanced annular shield machine, its structure such as Fig. 1-shown in Figure 4, this shield machine comprises shield machine housing 1, annular cutterhead 2, soil pressure cabin 3, conveying worm 4, advances oil cylinder 5, sealing mat 6, section of jurisdiction to remove machine 7, duct piece assembling machine 8 and sealing brush 9, annular cutterhead 2 is located at the front portion of shield machine housing 1, be provided with simultaneously on the annular cutterhead 2 and tear cutter 17 and bite 18, tear cutter 17 and roll, come broken than lump stone by extruding and self.Run into the weak soil layer, it is ineffective to tear cutter 17, relies on bite 18 this moment, relies on the rotation of cutterhead 2 bearings 25, the cutting weak soil.It is the combination of two kinds of cuttves that actual shield structure advances.
Cutterhead 2 rear portions are soil pressure cabin 3, and 3 bottoms, soil pressure cabin are connected with conveying worm 4.The soil body that shield machine cutting gets off enters in the soil pressure cabin 3 by the aperture that is distributed on the cutterhead 2, the conveying worm 4 of the soil outlet 20 by being positioned at 3 bottoms, soil pressure cabin is delivered to housing seal portion out of my cabin, be delivered in the native slag bucket 11 of battery truck 12 by feed belt 10 again, be delivered to end well by battery truck 12, at last by straddle truck 15 handlings to ground soil slag bath 16.
Arranging propelling oil cylinder 5 around the shield machine housing 1, the support boots of installing by jack external part head can be delivered to propulsive force on the new tunnel duct piece 14 equably, thereby the balance that guarantees the shield structure advances.
Soil pressure loss and underground water are invaded tunnel and maintenance excavation face soil pressure when preventing knife cutting, adopt twice nitrile rubber bellows inflatable seal pad 6, utilize fastener for installing 21 that nitrile rubber pad 22 is fixing, the pressure that utilizes pressurization bar 23 to keep in the annular seal space 24, adjust the blowing pressure according to actual conditions, the soil pressure in native cabin 3 and realize sealing and sealing function in the expansion of air bag 23 compressed airs by nitrile rubber pad 22 and shrinking keeps, for reducing the friction between sealing sealing mat 6 and section of jurisdiction periphery, prolong the application life of sealing sealing mat 6, regularly inject lubricant grease in nitrile rubber pad 22 peripheries by grease pump (not shown) before the shield.When the shield structure advances,, can make two seals pad 6 and shield structure advanced in unison, thereby guarantee the safety of shield-tunneling construction by adjusting the stroke of sealing mat jack 19.
Utilize the section of jurisdiction to remove machine 7 and remove old sections of jurisdiction 13 and old section of jurisdiction is transported to interim stacking place, utilize 8 of duct piece assembling machines section of jurisdiction again, move to the assembly unit position, carry out the assembly unit of new section of jurisdiction 14.
The shield tail is provided with three road steel wire shield tail sealing brushes 9, wherein can remove replacing together at last.Between three road wire brushes, be filled with shield tail oil fat, thereby realize the purpose of shutoff mud.In shield structure progradation, utilize shield tail grease pump (not shown) constantly to replenish shield tail oil fat and guarantee the reliability of shield tail sealing.
Concrete implementing procedure of the present invention is: shield structure propelling--remove old section of jurisdiction---Xin pipe sheet assembling.Operating principle: utilize the peripheral soil body in annular cutterhead old tunnel, 2 cutting the place aheads; Promptly adjust the amount of being unearthed by adjustment jack propulsive force, conveying worm 4 rotating speeds, make soil pressure and the excavation water and soil pressure balance of side in front in the native cabin, thereby keep the stability of excavation face; The conveying worm 4 of the soil outlet of the soil body that cuts by being positioned at bottom, native cabin is delivered to housing seal portion out of my cabin, is delivered to battery truck 12 by feed belt 10 again, is delivered to end well by battery truck 12, at last by straddle truck 15 handlings to ground soil slag bath 16; 13 of shield structure and old sections of jurisdiction are provided with bipassage ring shaped inflatable rubber gasket 6 sealings and prevent soil pressure cabin 3 internal pressure loss; The shield tail is provided with three road steel wire shield tail sealing brushes 9, fills shield tail oil fat between three road shield ventral brushes, and wherein last one shield ventral brush can be removed replacing; Utilize the novel section of jurisdiction of scalable brachium to remove the old section of jurisdiction 13 of machine 7 dismountings, utilize the new section of jurisdiction 14 of duct piece assembling machine 8 assembly units.
Arrange simultaneously on the annular cutterhead 2 of shield machine and tear cutter 17 and 18 pairs of the place ahead soil bodys of bite cut, the cutterhead size and arrange should according to new tunnel require and old tunnel around strata condition design.The soil body that cutterhead 2 cuts, after " improvement ", become the stream plastic state soil body, the soil body after the improvement is full of sealing firming cabin 3 and screw conveyor housing, form certain pressure with the water and soil pressure on the balance excavation face, conveying worm 4 control casting amounts and hydraulic jack are controlled into soil amount, make the casting amount and advance the soil amount to keep balance, thereby realize dynamic earth pressure balance.
Shield machine is provided with bipassage ring shaped inflatable rubber gasket 6 between shield structure housing front portion and old section of jurisdiction, sealing is lined with two functions: keep soil pressure and hermetic seal in the native cabin.Adopt nitrile rubber sylphon seal pad, utilize the joint ring jack to adjust the sealing mat position, itself and shield structure are advanced synchronously.For fear of the damage that causes owing to the slip between nitrile rubber sylphon seal pad and the pipe-plate lining periphery, the spy has equipped fixedly usefulness (during replacing) and mobile with (during driving) sealing mat, realizes sealing and the sealing function by compressed-air actuated expansion and contraction.
Shield machine is provided with the section of jurisdiction of scalable brachium and removes machine 7 in shield structure front portion, after the shield structure advances a ring, remove the bolt of old section of jurisdiction 13, adjust the dismounting horn and grow to the dismounting requirement of satisfying old section of jurisdiction 13, utilize the section of jurisdiction to remove 7 pairs of lining segments of machine and dismantle, the old section of jurisdiction 13 that will be removed by battery truck 12 transfers out the tunnel; 8 of the duct piece assembling machines that utilization is installed in shield shell afterbody are tunnel duct piece again, the running mechanism that utilizes assembling machine 8 with 14 liftings of new section of jurisdiction to the installation site, and then adjust the assembling machine brachium to satisfying new built tunnel piping requirement, new tunnel duct piece 14 is carried out assembly unit.
Stressed the difference of this shield machine and common balancing earth-pressure shielding machine among the present invention, the part of not mentioning, as dynamical system, hydraulic system, conventional sealing system and chassis structure etc. all in common balancing earth-pressure shielding machine technical scope.