CN113982611A - Shield constructs cutter head convenient to tool changing - Google Patents
Shield constructs cutter head convenient to tool changing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113982611A CN113982611A CN202111258750.5A CN202111258750A CN113982611A CN 113982611 A CN113982611 A CN 113982611A CN 202111258750 A CN202111258750 A CN 202111258750A CN 113982611 A CN113982611 A CN 113982611A
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- mounting plate
- mounting
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- cabin
- cutting
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of shield machines, and discloses a shield machine cutter disc convenient for cutter changing, which comprises a mounting disc, a plurality of circumference mounting plates and a central mounting plate, wherein cutting cutters are arranged on the front and back surfaces of the circumference mounting plates and the central mounting plate, and the circumference mounting plates and the central mounting plate can be turned over; and a flat pressure cabin is arranged in the mounting plate and is used for providing a working space with normal pressure, constant temperature and constant humidity. The sealing air bag is inflated to ensure the relative sealing between the tunneling outer side and the tunneling inner side of the mounting disc, and after the flat pressure cabin moves to the position where the cutting knife needs to be replaced, the inner part of the flat pressure cabin is isolated from the outside under the action of the sealing ring of the flat pressure cabin and the sealing air bag nearby the sealing ring, so that the sealing of the flat pressure cabin is ensured, the pressure, the temperature and the humidity in the flat pressure cabin are further adjusted, a proper working environment is provided for maintenance workers, and the personal safety of the workers is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shield tunneling machines, in particular to a shield tunneling machine cutter head convenient for cutter changing.
Background
A soil pressure balance type shield machine is a shield machine which takes soil materials (foam is added when necessary to improve soil) as a medium for stabilizing an excavation surface, a soil chamber is formed between a partition plate behind a cutter head and the excavation surface, the cutter head rotates to excavate so that the soil materials are increased, then a spiral material conveyer rotates to convey the soil materials out, and the pressure of the soil chamber is balanced with the pressure of the excavation surface through the adjustment of the rotating excavation speed of the cutter head and the soil output amount of the spiral material conveyer, so that the stability of the excavation surface is realized.
In the process of tunneling by the shield tunneling machine, cutters used for mounting on a cutter head of the shield tunneling machine are different according to different stratum geological conditions. When the shield tunnel passes through a stratum change section, different cutters need to be replaced to ensure smooth, reliable and efficient tunneling of the shield machine, and the cutter head of the existing shield machine is difficult to replace quickly, so that a large amount of construction time is delayed.
When the cutter body on the cutter head of the shield machine is used for cutting a stratum, the cutter head is abraded, so that the cutter head needs to be replaced periodically, if the cutting position is not supported, water gushing at the excavation surface can occur, the excavation surface can be seriously collapsed, and therefore the cutter head is usually replaced in an environment with pressure and bin entering; because the shield machine cuts the stratum, a large amount of heat is accumulated on the cutter and even the cutter head of the whole shield machine, the cutter head of the shield machine is cooled by arranging a water spraying port on the cutter head, but the water sprayed out from the water spraying port is quickly vaporized due to overheating of the cutter head of the shield machine, so that the cutter head of the shield machine is filled with steam; therefore, the cutter replacement of the common shield tunneling machine cutter head needs to be carried out in the environment of high pressure, high temperature and high humidity, the long-time cutter replacement operation generates serious load on the operating personnel, and the personal safety of the operating personnel is easily damaged.
An effective solution to the problems in the related art has not been proposed yet.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the shield tunneling machine cutter head convenient for cutter changing is provided, the shield tunneling machine cutter head has the advantages of being high in cutter changing speed, capable of conducting construction under appropriate conditions to guarantee safety of operators and the like, and the problems that construction time is delayed due to the fact that the cutter on the cutter head is slow to change, and personal safety of the operators is easily damaged due to the fact that the cutter is changed under severe conditions are solved.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems that the speed of replacing the cutter on the cutter head delays the construction time and the personal safety of operators is easily damaged by replacing the cutter under severe conditions, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a shield tunneling machine cutter head convenient for cutter changing comprises a mounting disc, a plurality of periphery mounting plates and a central mounting plate, wherein cutting cutters are mounted on the front and back surfaces of the periphery mounting plates and the central mounting plate respectively, the periphery mounting plates and the central mounting plate are rotatably connected with the mounting disc, and the periphery mounting plates and the central mounting plate can be turned over; a first sealing air bag is arranged on the side surface of the peripheral mounting plate, and a second sealing air bag is arranged on the side surface of the central mounting plate; the first sealing air bag is used for sealing a gap between the peripheral installation plate and the installation plate after being inflated; the second sealing air bag is inflated to seal a gap between the central mounting plate and the mounting disc; a flat pressure cabin is arranged in the mounting disc, a sealing ring is arranged on one side of the flat pressure cabin close to the inner side of the mounting disc, and the sealing ring is used for sealing a contact surface between the flat pressure cabin and the mounting disc; the pressure equalizing chamber is used for providing a working space with normal pressure, and the pressure equalizing chamber is also used for providing a working space with constant temperature and constant humidity.
Preferably, the cutting blade comprises a central fixed shaft and a cutting bulge, the central fixed shaft and the cutting bulge are connected through a bearing, and the cutting bulge is used for cutting the stratum; a plurality of soil inlets are formed in the mounting disc, the soil inlets are arranged at intervals with the periphery mounting plates, and the soil inlets are used for providing a channel for soil to enter the inside of the mounting disc.
Preferably, the front surface and the back surface of the periphery mounting plate and the central mounting plate are both provided with a plurality of mounting grooves, and both sides of each mounting groove are provided with quick release mechanisms; the mounting groove is used for providing a mounting position of the cutting knife, and the quick-release mechanism is used for fixing the central fixing shaft of the cutting knife with the mounting groove; the quick release mechanism is also used for quickly unlocking the central fixed shaft of the cutting knife when the cutting knife needs to be replaced.
Preferably, the quick release mechanism comprises a fixed seat and a quick release module; mounting through grooves are formed in the two sides of the fixing seat, and the quick-release module is mounted inside the mounting through grooves; the quick-release module comprises a disassembly button and a fixed wedge, the disassembly button and the fixed wedge are connected through a connecting rod, and the disassembly button can drive the fixed wedge to move through the connecting rod; the fixed wedge with the one side that the connecting rod is connected is provided with compression spring, compression spring central authorities are provided with the guide bar, compression spring is used for providing elasticity and restraines the removal of fixed wedge.
Preferably, a supporting rotating shaft penetrates through the center of the side surface of the circumferential mounting plate, two ends of the supporting rotating shaft respectively penetrate into the mounting disc, and two ends of the supporting rotating shaft are respectively in rotating connection with the mounting disc; the supporting rotating shaft is far away from one end of the center of the mounting disc, and a driving motor is arranged at one end of the supporting rotating shaft and used for driving the periphery mounting plate to turn over.
Preferably, a driven support shaft penetrates through the center of the side surface of the central mounting plate, and the driven support shaft is fixedly connected with a support rotating shaft of any one of the peripheral mounting plates; the central mounting plate synchronously turns over along with the fixed circumference mounting plate.
Preferably, the front surface of the mounting plate is also provided with a plurality of cleaning spray head groups, and the cleaning spray head groups are arranged between the soil inlet and the periphery mounting plate; the cleaning spray head group comprises a plurality of cleaning spray heads, and the cleaning spray heads are used for spraying water to cool the cutting knife and the mounting disc.
Preferably, the ballast cabin comprises a cabin and a cabin door, and an air conditioning system is arranged at the top end of the cabin; the air conditioning system is used for conditioning the air in the cabin, and cooling and dehumidifying the cabin.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a shield tunneling machine cutter head convenient for cutter changing, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. this kind of shield constructs quick-witted blade disc convenient to tool changing, when the region that needs to excavate has different stratum geological conditions, the accessible is at the tow sides of border mounting panel and central mounting panel and installs different cutting sword respectively, when meetting soil layer geological change when the blade disc is tunneled, accessible upset border mounting panel and central mounting panel change the cutting sword of the one side of tunnelling fast, with the different soil layer geological environment of full adaptation, it is long when reducing the one side cutting sword of changing the tunnelling, it is long and the difficulty degree when reducing the total of changing the cutting sword, the stability of guarantee tunnelling is gone on.
2. This kind of shield constructs quick-witted blade disc convenient to tool changing, when needs dismantle the cutting knife and change, press through the dismouting button with the fixing base both sides simultaneously, the dismouting button passes through connecting rod drive fixed wedge and removes, receive compression spring's elastic action simultaneously, make and need overcome this elastic action with the fixed wedge from the inside roll-off of fixed slot, thereby in the fixed stability of guarantee quick detach mechanism, provide quick assembly disassembly effect, with the inside dismouting speed of cutting sword from the mounting groove that corresponds with higher speed, and then reduce the degree of difficulty of changing the cutting sword, the change of guarantee cutting sword can be gone on fast, reduce the time of maintaining and maintaining pressure balance, and the efficiency of maintenance is improved.
3. The shield tunneling machine cutter head convenient for cutter changing comprises a cutter head, a central mounting plate and a peripheral mounting plate, wherein the central mounting plate or the peripheral mounting plate is provided with a cutter, the central mounting plate is provided with a sealing air bag, the sealing air bag is arranged on the central mounting plate, the sealing air bag is inflated, the relative sealing between the outer side and the inner side of the tunneling of the mounting plate is ensured, the inner part of a ballast chamber is isolated from the outside under the action of the sealing ring of the ballast chamber and the sealing air bag near the sealing air bag after the ballast chamber is moved to the position where the cutter needs to be changed, the sealing of the ballast chamber is isolated from the outside, the sealing of the ballast chamber is ensured, the air inside of the ballast chamber is subjected to air regulation through an air regulation system inside the chamber, and the pressure, the temperature and the humidity inside the ballast chamber are regulated, therefore, a suitable working environment is provided for maintenance workers, the workers are prevented from being in a high-pressure, high-temperature and high-humidity environment to perform tool changing operation, and personal safety of the workers is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembled structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the center mounting plate of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembled structure of the center mounting plate, cutting blade and quick release mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the quick release mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the quick release mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the center mounting plate of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the ballast according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. mounting a disc; 11. a soil inlet; 12. cleaning the spray head group; 2. a periphery mounting plate; 21. a first sealed bladder; 22. a support shaft; 23. a drive motor; 3. a central mounting plate; 31. a second sealed airbag; 32. a driven support shaft; 4. a cutting blade; 41. a central fixed shaft; 42. cutting the projection; 5. flattening the cabin; 51. a seal ring; 52. a cabin; 53. a cabin door; 54. an air conditioning system; 6. a quick release mechanism; 61. a fixed seat; 611. installing a through groove; 62. a quick release module; 621. disassembling and assembling the button; 622. fixing the wedge; 623. a connecting rod; 624. a compression spring; 625. a guide rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As introduced by the background art, the defects in the prior art are that in order to solve the technical problem, the application provides a shield tunneling machine cutter head convenient for cutter changing.
Referring to fig. 1-9, a shield tunneling machine cutter head convenient for cutter changing comprises a mounting disc 1, a plurality of peripheral mounting plates 2 and a central mounting plate 3, wherein cutting cutters 4 are arranged on the front and back surfaces of the peripheral mounting plates 2 and the central mounting plate 3, the peripheral mounting plates 2 and the central mounting plate 3 are rotatably connected with the mounting disc 1, and the peripheral mounting plates 2 and the central mounting plate 3 can be turned over; a first sealing air bag 21 is arranged on the side surface of the peripheral installation plate 2, and a second sealing air bag 31 is arranged on the side surface of the central installation plate 3; the first sealing air bag 21 is used for sealing the gap between the peripheral installation plate 2 and the installation plate 1 after being inflated; the second sealing air bag 31 is used for sealing the gap between the central mounting plate 3 and the mounting plate 1 after being inflated; a flat pressing cabin 5 is arranged inside the mounting disc 1, a sealing ring 51 is arranged on one side of the flat pressing cabin 5 close to the inner side of the mounting disc 1, and the sealing ring 51 is used for sealing the contact surface between the flat pressing cabin 5 and the mounting disc 1; the ballast tank 5 is used to provide a working space of normal pressure, and the ballast tank 5 is also used to provide a working space of constant temperature and humidity.
Therefore, in the process of tunneling the cutter head, the first sealing air bags 21 of the plurality of circumference mounting plates 2 and the second sealing air bags 31 of the central mounting plate 3 are filled with air, so that the respective gaps of the plurality of first sealing air bags 21 and the second sealing air bags 31 are fully filled, and in the process of tunneling the cutter head, soil is prevented from blocking the gaps through the gaps, so that the circumference mounting plates 2 and the central mounting plate 3 are blocked by the soil when being overturned and are difficult to overturn.
When the areas needing to be excavated have different stratum geological conditions, different cutting knives 4 can be respectively installed on the front surface and the back surface of the peripheral installation plate 2 and the central installation plate 3 through the cutting knives, when the cutter head encounters soil stratum geological changes during excavation, the cutting knives 4 on one tunneling surface can be quickly replaced through overturning the peripheral installation plate 2 and the central installation plate 3, so that the different soil stratum geological environments can be fully adapted, the total time for replacing the cutting knives 4 on the tunneling surface is shortened, the total time and the difficulty during replacing the cutting knives 4 are reduced, and the stable tunneling is guaranteed.
When a certain cutting knife 4 needs to be replaced through detection, the periphery mounting plate 2 or the central mounting plate 3 where the cutting knife 4 is located is turned over, when the cutting knife 4 is turned over, the sealing air bag corresponding to the first-turned mounting plate is deflated to enable the sealing air bag to retract, so that the mounting plate can be conveniently turned over, and after the cutting knife 4 is turned over, the sealing air bag is inflated again, so that the relative sealing between the outer side and the inner side of the tunneling of the mounting disc 1 is ensured, after the flat ballast chamber 5 is moved to the position where the cutting knife 4 needs to be replaced, the inner part of the flat ballast chamber 5 is isolated from the outside under the action of the sealing ring 51 of the flat ballast chamber and the sealing air bags nearby the sealing ring 51, so that the sealing of the flat ballast chamber 5 is ensured, the pressure, the temperature and the humidity inside of the flat ballast chamber 5 can be conveniently adjusted, a proper working environment is provided for maintenance workers, and the workers are prevented from being in high pressure, The tool changing operation is carried out in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, and the personal safety of workers is guaranteed.
Further, referring to fig. 3-5, the cutting blade 4 includes a central fixed shaft 41 and a cutting protrusion 42, the central fixed shaft 41 and the cutting protrusion 42 are connected by a bearing, and the cutting protrusion 42 is used for cutting the formation; a plurality of soil inlets 11 are formed in the mounting disc 1, the plurality of soil inlets 11 and the plurality of periphery mounting plates 2 are arranged alternately, and the soil inlets 11 are used for providing a channel for soil to enter the mounting disc 1.
In actual use, the cutting projections 42 of the cutting blades 4 are all provided with wear sensors, the wear sensors detect the wear of the cutting projections 42 so as to detect the wear amount of each cutting blade 4 in real time, and the control terminal calculates the detected wear amount to judge whether each cutting blade 4 needs to be replaced.
The front and back surfaces of the periphery mounting plate 2 and the central mounting plate 3 are provided with a plurality of mounting grooves, and the two sides of each mounting groove are provided with quick release mechanisms 6; the mounting groove is used for providing a mounting position of the cutting blade 4, and the quick-release mechanism 6 is used for fixing the central fixing shaft 41 of the cutting blade 4 with the mounting groove; the quick release mechanism 6 is also used to quickly unlock the central fixed shaft 41 of the cutting blade 4 when the cutting blade 4 needs to be replaced.
Referring to fig. 6-7, the quick release mechanism 6 includes a fixing base 61 and a quick release module 62; mounting through grooves 611 are formed in two sides of the fixing seat 61, and the quick release module 62 is mounted inside the mounting through grooves 611; the quick release module 62 comprises a disassembly and assembly button 621 and a fixed wedge 622, the disassembly and assembly button 621 is connected with the fixed wedge 622 through a connecting rod 623, and the disassembly and assembly button 621 can drive the fixed wedge 622 to move through the connecting rod 623; a compression spring 624 is disposed on a surface of the fixed wedge 622 connected to the connecting rod 623, a guide rod 625 is disposed at the center of the compression spring 624, and the compression spring 624 provides an elastic force to restrain the fixed wedge 622 from moving.
In practical use, the shape of the fixed seat 61 and the shape of the mounting groove are matched with the cutting blade 4 and the central fixed shaft 41 of the cutting blade 4, the side wall of the mounting groove is provided with a fixed groove, and the fixed groove is matched with the fixed wedge 622 so as to provide a stable locking effect for the central fixed shaft 41 through the quick release mechanism 6; when the central fixed shaft 41 of the cutting knife 4 is locked by the quick-release mechanism 6, the compression spring 624 exerts force on the fixed wedge 622, so that the fixed wedge 622 can be stably embedded into the fixed groove, the whole quick-release mechanism 6 is locked by the fixed groove, the cutting knife 4 is locked, and the stability of the cutting knife 4 in the tunneling process is ensured;
and when needs dismantle cutting knife 4, through pressing down the dismouting button 621 with the fixing base 61 both sides simultaneously, dismouting button 621 passes through connecting rod 623 drive fixed wedge 622 and removes, receive compression spring 624's elastic force effect simultaneously, make and need overcome this elastic force effect with fixed wedge 622 from the inside roll-off of fixed slot, thereby in the fixed stability of assurance quick detach mechanism 6, provide quick assembly disassembly effect, in order to accelerate cutting knife 4 from the inside dismouting speed of the mounting groove that corresponds, and then reduce the degree of difficulty of changing cutting knife 4, the change of guarantee cutting knife 4 can go on fast, reduce the time of maintaining and maintaining pressure balance, and the maintenance efficiency is improved.
Further, referring to fig. 3-4 and fig. 8, a supporting shaft 22 is disposed through the center of the side surface of the circumferential mounting plate 2, two ends of the supporting shaft 22 respectively penetrate into the mounting plate 1, and two ends of the supporting shaft 22 are respectively rotatably connected with the mounting plate 1; one end of the supporting rotating shaft 22, which is far away from the center of the mounting disc 1, is provided with a driving motor 23, and the driving motor 23 is used for driving the periphery mounting plate 2 to turn over.
A driven support shaft 32 penetrates through the center of the side surface of the central mounting plate 3, and the driven support shaft 32 is fixedly connected with the support rotating shaft 22 of any one of the circle mounting plates 2; the central mounting plate 3 is synchronously turned over along with the fixed circumference mounting plate 2.
The driving motors 23 of the circumference mounting plates 2 are controlled to turn the circumference mounting plates 2 to be turned, the driven supporting shafts 32 of the central mounting plates 3 are fixedly connected with the supporting rotating shafts 22 of any circumference mounting plate 2, so that the central mounting plates 3 can be turned along with the corresponding circumference mounting plates 2, all the cutting knives 4 of the tunneling surface can be quickly replaced when different stratum conditions need to be excavated, and the cutting knives 4 can be replaced in the shield tunneling machine by turning the corresponding mounting plates when the cutting knives 4 are independently replaced, the replacement efficiency is improved, the operation is carried out in the shield tunneling machine, and the safety is higher.
Further, referring to fig. 3, the front surface of the mounting plate 1 is further provided with a plurality of cleaning nozzle groups 12, and the cleaning nozzle groups 12 are arranged between the soil inlet 11 and the periphery mounting plate 2; the cleaning spray head groups 12 comprise a plurality of cleaning spray heads, and the cleaning spray heads are used for spraying water to cool the cutting knife 4 and the mounting disc 1.
Further, referring to fig. 9, the flat pressing cabin 5 includes a cabin 52 and a cabin door 53, and an air conditioning system 54 is disposed at the top end of the cabin 52; the air conditioning system 54 is used to condition the air inside the cabin 52, cool the interior of the cabin 52, and dehumidify the interior.
The interior of the cabin 52 of the flat-pressing cabin 5 is thus air-conditioned by the air conditioning system 54 inside the cabin 52, so that the interior of the cabin 52 is under appropriate pressure, temperature and humidity conditions, the maintenance environment of the operator is ensured to be in an appropriate state, and meanwhile, effective safety guarantee is provided for the operator through the closed cabin 52.
In practical use, the ballast chamber 5 is further connected to a driving mechanism for driving the ballast chamber 5 to move inside the installation plate 1, wherein the driving mechanism is a common structure in the prior art and is not described herein again.
The working principle is as follows: when the device is used, in the process of tunneling the cutter head, the plurality of cleaning spray nozzles of the cleaning spray nozzle group 12 spray water to the tunneling surface, so that the temperature of the cutting knife 4 and the mounting disc 1 is reduced, and meanwhile, the pressure of the tunneling surface is maintained; because the first sealed gasbag 21 of a plurality of week circle mounting panel 2 and the second sealed gasbag 31 of central mounting panel 3 all fill up gas for a plurality of first sealed gasbags 21 and the respective clearance of second sealed gasbag 31 are fully filled up, prevent that the blade disc from tunnelling the in-process, earth from through above-mentioned clearance, prevent that earth from causing the jam to the clearance, cause the turnover of week circle mounting panel 2 and central mounting panel 3 when blockking up by earth, are difficult to overturn.
When the areas needing to be excavated have different stratum geological conditions, different cutting knives 4 can be respectively installed on the front surface and the back surface of the peripheral installation plate 2 and the central installation plate 3 through the cutting knives, when the cutter head encounters soil stratum geological changes during excavation, the cutting knives 4 on one tunneling surface can be quickly replaced through overturning the peripheral installation plate 2 and the central installation plate 3, so that the different soil stratum geological environments can be fully adapted, the total time for replacing the cutting knives 4 on the tunneling surface is shortened, the total time and the difficulty during replacing the cutting knives 4 are reduced, and the stable tunneling is guaranteed.
When a certain cutting knife 4 needs to be replaced through detection, the periphery mounting plate 2 or the center mounting plate 3 where the cutting knife 4 is located is overturned, when the cutting knife 4 needs to be replaced, the sealing air bag corresponding to the overturned mounting plate is deflated firstly, so that the sealing air bag retracts, the mounting plate is convenient to overturn, after the cutting knife 4 is overturned, the sealing air bag is inflated again, the relative sealing between the outer side and the inner side of the tunneling of the mounting plate 1 is ensured, after the flat-pressure cabin 5 moves to the position where the cutting knife 4 needs to be replaced, the inner part of the flat-pressure cabin 5 is isolated from the outside through the action of the sealing ring 51 of the flat-pressure cabin 5 and the sealing air bag nearby, so that the sealing of the flat-pressure cabin 5 is ensured, the inner part of the cabin 52 of the flat-pressure cabin 5 is air-regulated through the air regulating system 54 in the cabin 52, and the pressure in the flat-pressure cabin 5 is regulated, Temperature and humidity to the staff for the maintenance provides suitable operational environment, avoids the staff to be in and carries out the tool changing operation under high pressure, high temperature, high humidity's environment, ensures staff's personal safety.
Because the shape of the fixed seat 61 and the shape of the mounting groove are matched with the cutting blade 4 and the central fixed shaft 41 of the cutting blade 4, the side wall of the mounting groove is provided with a fixed groove, and the fixed groove is matched with the fixed wedge 622, so that the central fixed shaft 41 is stably locked by the quick-release mechanism 6; when the central fixed shaft 41 of the cutting knife 4 is locked by the quick-release mechanism 6, the compression spring 624 exerts force on the fixed wedge 622, so that the fixed wedge 622 can be stably embedded into the fixed groove, the whole quick-release mechanism 6 is locked by the fixed groove, the cutting knife 4 is locked, and the stability of the cutting knife 4 in the tunneling process is ensured;
in actual use, the cutting projections 42 of the cutting blades 4 are provided with wear sensors, the wear sensors detect the wear of the cutting projections 42, so that the wear amount of each cutting blade 4 is detected in real time, the detected wear amount is calculated by the control terminal, and whether each cutting blade 4 needs to be replaced is judged.
When needs dismantle the change to cutting knife 4, through pressing down the dismouting button 621 with the fixing base 61 both sides simultaneously, dismouting button 621 passes through connecting rod 623 drive fixed wedge 622 and removes, receive compression spring 624's elastic force effect simultaneously, make and need overcome this elastic force effect with fixed wedge 622 from the inside roll-off of fixed slot, thereby in the fixed stability of assurance quick detach mechanism 6, provide quick assembly disassembly effect, in order to accelerate the inside dismouting speed of cutting knife 4 from the mounting groove that corresponds, and then reduce the degree of difficulty of changing cutting knife 4, the change of guarantee cutting knife 4 can go on fast, reduce the time of maintaining and maintaining pressure balance, and the maintenance efficiency is improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a shield constructs quick-witted blade disc convenient to tool changing, includes mounting disc (1), a plurality of week circle mounting panel (2) and central mounting panel (3), its characterized in that:
cutting knives (4) are arranged on the front and back surfaces of the peripheral mounting plate (2) and the central mounting plate (3), the peripheral mounting plate (2) and the central mounting plate (3) are rotatably connected with the mounting disc (1), and the peripheral mounting plate (2) and the central mounting plate (3) can be turned over;
a first sealing air bag (21) is arranged on the side surface of the peripheral mounting plate (2), and a second sealing air bag (31) is arranged on the side surface of the central mounting plate (3);
the first sealing air bag (21) is used for sealing a gap between the peripheral installation plate (2) and the installation plate (1) after being inflated;
the second sealing air bag (31) is inflated to seal a gap between the central mounting plate (3) and the mounting plate (1);
a leveling cabin (5) is arranged inside the mounting disc (1), a sealing ring (51) is arranged on one side, close to the inner side of the mounting disc (1), of the leveling cabin (5), and the sealing ring (51) is used for sealing a contact surface between the leveling cabin (5) and the mounting disc (1);
the ballast (5) is used for providing a working space with normal pressure, constant temperature and constant humidity.
2. The shield tunneling machine cutter head convenient for cutter changing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cutting knife (4) comprises a central fixed shaft (41) and a cutting bulge (42), the central fixed shaft (41) is connected with the cutting bulge (42) through a bearing, and the cutting bulge (42) is used for cutting the stratum;
a plurality of soil inlets (11) have been seted up in mounting disc (1), and is a plurality of soil inlets (11) and a plurality of alternate setting between border mounting panel (2), soil inlets (11) are used for providing soil and get into the inside passageway of mounting disc (1).
3. The shield tunneling machine cutter head convenient for cutter changing according to claim 2, characterized in that: the front surface and the back surface of the periphery mounting plate (2) and the central mounting plate (3) are respectively provided with a plurality of mounting grooves, and both sides of each mounting groove are respectively provided with a quick release mechanism (6);
the mounting groove is used for providing a mounting position of the cutting knife (4), and the quick-release mechanism (6) is used for fixing a central fixing shaft (41) of the cutting knife (4) with the mounting groove;
the quick release mechanism (6) is also used for quickly unlocking the central fixed shaft (41) of the cutting knife (4) when the cutting knife (4) needs to be replaced.
4. The shield tunneling machine cutter head convenient for cutter changing according to claim 3, characterized in that: the quick release mechanism (6) comprises a fixed seat (61) and a quick release module (62);
mounting through grooves (611) are formed in the two sides of the fixing seat (61), and the quick release module (62) is mounted inside the mounting through grooves (611);
the quick release module (62) comprises a disassembly button (621) and a fixed wedge (622), the disassembly button (621) and the fixed wedge (622) are connected through a connecting rod (623), and the disassembly button (621) can drive the fixed wedge (622) to move through the connecting rod (623);
and a compression spring (624) is arranged on one surface of the fixed wedge (622) connected with the connecting rod (623), a guide rod (625) is arranged in the center of the compression spring (624), and the compression spring (624) is used for providing elastic force to inhibit the movement of the fixed wedge (622).
5. The shield tunneling machine cutter head convenient for cutter changing according to claim 1, characterized in that: a supporting rotating shaft (22) penetrates through the center of the side face of the periphery mounting plate (2), two ends of the supporting rotating shaft (22) penetrate into the mounting plate (1) respectively, and two ends of the supporting rotating shaft (22) are rotatably connected with the mounting plate (1) respectively;
the supporting rotating shaft (22) is far away from one end of the center of the mounting disc (1) and is provided with a driving motor (23), and the driving motor (23) is used for driving the periphery mounting plate (2) to overturn.
6. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead convenient for tool changing according to claim 5, wherein: a driven support shaft (32) penetrates through the center of the side face of the central mounting plate (3), and the driven support shaft (32) is fixedly connected with a support rotating shaft (22) of any one of the circumference mounting plates (2);
the central mounting plate (3) is synchronously turned over along with the fixed circumference mounting plate (2).
7. The shield tunneling machine cutter head convenient for cutter changing according to claim 2, characterized in that: the front surface of the mounting disc (1) is also provided with a plurality of cleaning spray head groups (12), and the cleaning spray head groups (12) are arranged between the soil inlet (11) and the periphery mounting plate (2);
the cleaning spray head groups (12) comprise a plurality of cleaning spray heads, and the cleaning spray heads are used for spraying water to cool the cutting knives (4) and the mounting disc (1).
8. The shield tunneling machine cutter head convenient for cutter changing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ballast (5) comprises a cabin (52) and a cabin door (53), and an air conditioning system (54) is arranged at the top end of the cabin (52);
the air conditioning system (54) is used for conditioning the air in the cabin (52), cooling and dehumidifying the interior of the cabin (52).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111258750.5A CN113982611B (en) | 2021-10-27 | 2021-10-27 | Shield constructs cutter head convenient to tool changing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111258750.5A CN113982611B (en) | 2021-10-27 | 2021-10-27 | Shield constructs cutter head convenient to tool changing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113982611A true CN113982611A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
| CN113982611B CN113982611B (en) | 2022-08-12 |
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| US6347838B1 (en) * | 1999-07-14 | 2002-02-19 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Method for replacing cutters of tunnel-excavating machine, method for excavating tunnel, and tunnel excavating machine |
| CN102200014A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2011-09-28 | 同济大学 | Earth pressure balance type annular shield machine |
| CN102852527A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2013-01-02 | 中铁十六局集团有限公司 | Cutter disc and cutter improving method for accelerating shield excavation in dense sand layer |
| CN207554055U (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-06-29 | 河北工业大学 | For the automatic switching control equipment of shield machine work hobboing cutter and spare hobboing cutter |
| CN112502724A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-16 | 安徽唐兴机械装备有限公司 | Push bench hobbing cutter of suppression hobbing cutter skew |
| CN112855188A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-05-28 | 中铁广州工程局集团有限公司 | Subway engineering soft soil stratum earth pressure balance shield construction method |
| CN113062745A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-07-02 | 深圳地铁建设集团有限公司 | A shield machine cutter head that is easy to replace the cutter |
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2021
- 2021-10-27 CN CN202111258750.5A patent/CN113982611B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6347838B1 (en) * | 1999-07-14 | 2002-02-19 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Method for replacing cutters of tunnel-excavating machine, method for excavating tunnel, and tunnel excavating machine |
| CN102200014A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2011-09-28 | 同济大学 | Earth pressure balance type annular shield machine |
| CN102852527A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2013-01-02 | 中铁十六局集团有限公司 | Cutter disc and cutter improving method for accelerating shield excavation in dense sand layer |
| CN207554055U (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-06-29 | 河北工业大学 | For the automatic switching control equipment of shield machine work hobboing cutter and spare hobboing cutter |
| CN112502724A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-16 | 安徽唐兴机械装备有限公司 | Push bench hobbing cutter of suppression hobbing cutter skew |
| CN112855188A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-05-28 | 中铁广州工程局集团有限公司 | Subway engineering soft soil stratum earth pressure balance shield construction method |
| CN113062745A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-07-02 | 深圳地铁建设集团有限公司 | A shield machine cutter head that is easy to replace the cutter |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113982611B (en) | 2022-08-12 |
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