CN102166243B - Artemisia rupestris preparation and application thereof in medicaments for treating diabetes - Google Patents
Artemisia rupestris preparation and application thereof in medicaments for treating diabetes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
发明领域 field of invention
本发明涉及中草药制剂技术领域。具体的说,本发明涉及一种用于治疗糖尿病药物中应用的新疆一枝蒿制剂及制备技术领域。 The invention relates to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicine preparations. Specifically, the present invention relates to the technical field of preparation and preparation of Artemisia xinjiang used in medicines for treating diabetes. the
背景技术 Background technique
近年来,由于生活水平的提高、饮食结构的改变、日趋紧张的生活节奏以及少动多坐的生活方式等诸多因素,全球糖尿病发病率增长迅速,糖尿病已经成为继肿瘤、心血管病变之后第三大严重威胁人类健康的慢性疾病。对于糖尿病的治疗,西医多采用饮食、口服降糖药物及胰岛素替代等方法,它们的优点是降糖作用肯定,起效快,但不足之处是副作用多。天然药物具有来源丰富,毒副作用小、易于接受和长期服用的优点,因此,近年来国内外有关植物中天然降糖物质的研究和开发十分活跃。 In recent years, due to many factors such as the improvement of living standards, changes in dietary structure, increasingly tense pace of life, and less active and more sedentary lifestyle, the incidence of diabetes worldwide has increased rapidly. Diabetes has become the third largest disease after tumors and cardiovascular diseases. Chronic diseases that seriously threaten human health. For the treatment of diabetes, western medicine mostly adopts methods such as diet, oral hypoglycemic drugs, and insulin replacement. Natural medicine has the advantages of rich sources, less toxic and side effects, easy to accept and long-term use. Therefore, in recent years, the research and development of natural hypoglycemic substances in plants at home and abroad is very active. the
糖尿病(DM,Diabetes Mellitus)是一种于遗传因素和多种环境因素相关联的以慢性高血糖为特征的代谢紊乱综合症,目前虽然有一些不同作用靶点的药物用于治疗糖尿病,但有时并不能达到预期治疗效果。因此,能够开发高效的治疗糖尿病的药物是治疗糖尿病的核心问题。近年来研究发现,中药的降血糖作用温和持久,副作用小,且作用机制具有多效应、多位点及多功能等特点。所以,开发高效低毒的抗糖尿病中药将是一个具有发展前景的研究领域,而新疆一枝蒿的药效作用近年来成为研究的热点,研究开发新疆一枝蒿在治疗糖尿病药物的相关产品具有重要的现实意义。 Diabetes mellitus (DM, Diabetes Mellitus) is a metabolic disorder syndrome characterized by chronic hyperglycemia associated with genetic factors and various environmental factors. Although there are some drugs with different targets for the treatment of diabetes, sometimes The expected therapeutic effect cannot be achieved. Therefore, to be able to develop highly effective drugs for the treatment of diabetes is the core issue in the treatment of diabetes. In recent years, studies have found that the hypoglycemic effect of traditional Chinese medicine is mild and long-lasting, with few side effects, and the mechanism of action has the characteristics of multi-effect, multi-site and multi-function. Therefore, the development of high-efficiency and low-toxicity anti-diabetic traditional Chinese medicine will be a research field with development prospects, and the medicinal effect of Artemisia Xinjiang has become a research hotspot in recent years. Practical significance. the
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对现有技术中未见报道有关新疆一枝蒿在治疗糖尿病药物中的应用的 技术现状,本发明旨在提供新疆一枝蒿制剂及用于治疗糖尿病药物中应用。 Aiming at the technical status of the application of Artemisia xinjiang in medicines for treating diabetes that have not been reported in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide Artemisia xinjiang preparations and its application in medicines for treating diabetes. the
本发明的技术方案: Technical scheme of the present invention:
通过以新疆一枝蒿为原料,将新疆一枝蒿全草粉碎、置于乙醚溶液中浸泡,过滤旋转蒸发除去乙醚溶液后用乙醇超声提取、提取液用乙醇沉淀、离心,经乙酸乙酯萃取、聚酰胺柱层析、最后浓缩制成浸膏,浓缩后的浸膏与黄芪浸膏按重量比配伍溶于水中制成液体制剂。该制剂用于治疗糖尿病药物中应用,使用剂量小,疗效高,经检测具有良好的降血糖活性作用。 By using Artemisia xinjiang as raw material, the whole herb of Artemisia xinjiang was crushed, soaked in ether solution, filtered and rotary evaporated to remove the ether solution, then extracted with ethanol ultrasound, the extract was precipitated with ethanol, centrifuged, extracted with ethyl acetate, polymerized Amide column chromatography, final concentration to make extract, and the concentrated extract and astragalus extract are dissolved in water according to weight ratio to make liquid preparation. The preparation is used in medicines for treating diabetes, has small dosage, high curative effect, and good hypoglycemic activity after testing. the
具体的,本发明提供了一种在治疗糖尿病药物中应用的新疆一枝蒿制剂,通过将新疆一枝蒿全草粉碎,称重加3倍体积的乙醚放置8h后过滤,沉淀物用80%乙醇在35℃下超声提取,每次30-40min,过滤得到新疆一枝蒿乙醇提取液,用95%乙醇沉淀过夜,离心取上清液,乙酸乙酯萃取,萃取温度为常温,过滤得乙酸乙酯部位,乙酸乙酯部位聚酰胺柱层析依次采用20%、40%、60%、80%不同浓度的乙醇溶液洗脱,收集60%和80%的乙醇洗脱物,减压浓缩成浸膏,浓缩后的浸膏与黄芪浸膏按重量比(5-10)∶1比例配伍,按照中草药液体药剂通常做法,配置一定量的纯水制备获得成品制剂。 Specifically, the present invention provides a preparation of Artemisia xinjiang used in medicines for treating diabetes. The whole herb of Artemisia xinjiang is pulverized, weighed and added with 3 times the volume of ether, and then filtered for 8 hours. The precipitate is mixed with 80% ethanol in Ultrasonic extraction at 35°C, 30-40min each time, filter to obtain the ethanol extract of Artemisia argyi, precipitate with 95% ethanol overnight, centrifuge to take the supernatant, extract with ethyl acetate, the extraction temperature is normal temperature, and filter to obtain the ethyl acetate part , polyamide column chromatography at the ethyl acetate site was sequentially eluted with ethanol solutions of different concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%, and the 60% and 80% ethanol eluates were collected, concentrated under reduced pressure to form an extract, The concentrated extract and Astragalus extract are compatible in a weight ratio (5-10): 1, and a certain amount of pure water is prepared according to the usual practice of Chinese herbal medicine liquid medicaments to obtain a finished preparation. the
进一步,本发明提供了一种在治疗糖尿病药物中应用的一枝蒿制剂的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤: Further, the present invention provides a preparation method of Artemisia annua preparations used in medicines for treating diabetes, which specifically includes the following steps:
(1)、首先将新疆一枝蒿全草粉碎成粉末,称重加3倍体积的乙醚放置8小时后过滤,沉淀物用80%乙醇在35℃下超声提取,每次30-40min,过滤得到新疆一枝蒿乙醇提取液; (1), first crush the whole Artemisia argyi in Xinjiang into powder, weigh and add 3 times the volume of ether and place it for 8 hours before filtering, and the precipitate is ultrasonically extracted with 80% ethanol at 35°C, each time for 30-40min, and filtered to obtain Xinjiang Artemisia argyi ethanol extract;
(2)、将新疆一枝蒿提取液用95%乙醇沉淀过夜,过滤,旋转蒸发除去乙醇,乙酸乙酯萃取,萃取温度为常温,得乙酸乙酯部位,将乙酸乙酯部位聚酰胺柱层析依次采用20%、40%、60%、80%不同浓度的乙醇溶液洗脱,收集60%和 80%的乙醇洗脱物减压浓缩成浸膏,浓缩后的浸膏与黄芪浸膏按重量比(5-10)∶1比例配伍,按照中草药液体药剂通常做法,配置一定量的纯水制备获得成品制剂。 (2) Precipitate the Artemisia argyi extract with 95% ethanol overnight, filter, remove the ethanol by rotary evaporation, extract with ethyl acetate, the extraction temperature is normal temperature, and obtain the ethyl acetate part, and the ethyl acetate part is subjected to polyamide column chromatography Adopt 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% ethanol solutions of different concentrations to elute successively, collect 60% and 80% ethanol eluents and concentrate them under reduced pressure to form extracts. Ratio (5-10): 1 ratio compatibility, according to the usual practice of Chinese herbal medicine liquid medicine, a certain amount of pure water is prepared to prepare the finished preparation. the
新疆一枝蒿(Artemisia rupestris L.),别名岩蒿,菊科蒿属,是新疆哈萨克族和维吾尔族民间传统用药,该药材记载于我国清代赵学敏的《本草纲目拾遗》,已收《药品标准》维吾尔药分册和《维吾尔药志(上册)》。新疆一枝蒿为多年生草本,高20-50cm,全株具特异芳香。茎呈圆柱形,直径1mm~4mm,有紫茎和淡黄绿茎.表面略有纵棱,质脆,断面淡黄、中空,气香特异,味淡。叶绿色,枯时淡黄色,裂片呈狭披针形,长2mm~8mm,宽0.5mm~1mm,两面具有疏短柔毛,无柄或具短柄,基部有假托叶。头状花序半球形,黄紫色,径为5mm~8mm,梗长3mm~5mm,总苞3~4列,外层草质条形。多于5月下旬至6月上旬萌发,生长较缓慢,7月上,中旬现蕾,8月开始开花,一直可开放到9月上,中旬,首批开放的花则在此时进入果期,果期可延至10月上旬,很快枯萎,进入休眠期。国内临床资料表明,作为民族药,它具有清热解毒、健胃消食、镇静止吐、抗过敏等功效,用于治疗毒蛇咬伤、荨麻疹、消化不良、感冒、肝炎、过敏性疾病等。 Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia (Artemisia rupestris L.), also known as Rock Artemisia, Artemisia genus of Asteraceae, is a folk traditional medicine of Kazak and Uyghur in Xinjiang. "Uyghur medicine sub-volume and "Uyghur medicine annals (volume 1)". Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia is a perennial herb, 20-50cm high, and the whole plant has a specific fragrance. The stem is cylindrical, with a diameter of 1mm to 4mm. There are purple stems and light yellow-green stems. The surface is slightly longitudinally ridged, brittle, and the cross-section is light yellow and hollow. It has a special aroma and a light taste. Leaves green, light yellow when dry, lobes narrowly lanceolate, 2mm-8mm long, 0.5mm-1mm wide, sparsely pubescent on both sides, sessile or short-stalked, with false stipules at the base. Capitulum hemispherical, yellow-purple, diameter 5mm-8mm, stalk length 3mm-5mm, involucre 3-4 rows, outer herbaceous strip. Most of them germinate from late May to early June, and grow slowly. Buds appear in early to mid-July, and they begin to bloom in August. They can open until mid-September. The first batch of flowers that bloom will enter the fruiting period at this time , the fruit period can be extended to the first ten days of October, and soon withers and enters the dormant period. Domestic clinical data show that as a national medicine, it has the functions of clearing heat and detoxifying, invigorating the stomach and eliminating food, calming vomiting, and anti-allergy. It is used to treat snake bites, urticaria, indigestion, colds, hepatitis, and allergic diseases. the
本发明选用的黄芪浸膏可通过本领域熟知常见的技术手段所获得。 The Radix Astragali extract selected in the present invention can be obtained by common technical means well known in the art. the
本发明通过用四氧嘧啶诱导建立小鼠糖尿病模型,研究了制备获得的新疆一枝蒿制剂的降血糖作用,最佳的使用剂量为67.5mg/kg。 The present invention studies the hypoglycemic effect of the prepared Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparation by inducing alloxan to establish a mouse diabetes model, and the optimal dosage is 67.5 mg/kg. the
通过实施本发明具体的发明内容,可以达到以下效果: By implementing the specific content of the invention of the present invention, the following effects can be achieved:
1.本发明通过对制备获得的新疆一枝蒿制剂进行提取,分析给药后四氧嘧啶糖尿病KM小鼠体重、血糖、SOD以及MDA变化,并对其组织形态进行观察,来探究新疆一枝蒿提取液对糖尿病KM小鼠的影响。结果表明:本发明提供的 新疆一枝蒿制剂具有良好的降血糖活性,在制备治疗糖尿病药物中具有广阔的应用前景。 1. The present invention extracts the prepared Artemisia argyi preparation, analyzes the body weight, blood sugar, SOD and MDA changes of alloxan diabetic KM mice after administration, and observes its tissue morphology to explore the extraction of Artemisia argyi. The effect of liquid on diabetic KM mice. The results show that the Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparation provided by the invention has good hypoglycemic activity, and has broad application prospects in the preparation of drugs for treating diabetes. the
2.本发明所需试剂均为分析纯,制备方法为超声波提取技术,操作简便快捷、无需加热、提出率高、速度快、提取物的结构未被破坏、效果好,显示出明显的优势,可直接进行放大生产。 2. The reagents required by the present invention are all analytically pure, and the preparation method is ultrasonic extraction technology. The operation is simple and fast, without heating, the extraction rate is high, the speed is fast, the structure of the extract is not destroyed, and the effect is good, showing obvious advantages. It can be directly scaled up for production. the
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1所示为新疆一枝蒿制剂的制备工艺流程图。 Figure 1 shows the flow chart of the preparation process of Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparation. the
图2所示为新疆一枝蒿制剂对实验性高血糖小鼠肝脏的影响图,图中a代表糖尿病小鼠肝脏(HE染色,×10)、b代表新疆一枝蒿制剂治疗肝脏(HE染色,×10)、c代表药物治疗小鼠肝脏(HE染色,×10)、d代表正常小鼠肝脏(HE染色,×10)。 Figure 2 shows the effects of Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparation on the liver of experimental hyperglycemia mice. In the figure, a represents the liver of diabetic mice (HE staining, × 10), and b represents the liver treated with Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparation (HE staining, × 10). 10), c represents the liver of drug-treated mice (HE staining, ×10), d represents the liver of normal mice (HE staining, ×10). the
图3所示为新疆一枝蒿制剂对实验性高血糖小鼠肾脏的影响图,图中a代表糖尿病小鼠肾脏(HE染色,×10)、b代表新疆一枝蒿制剂治疗肾脏(HE染色,×10)、c代表药物治疗小鼠肾脏(HE染色,×10)、d代表正常小鼠肾脏(HE染色,×10)。 Figure 3 shows the effect of Xinjiang Yizhihao preparation on the kidneys of experimental hyperglycemic mice. In the figure, a represents the kidneys of diabetic mice (HE staining, × 10), and b represents the kidneys treated with Xinjiang Yizhihao preparations (HE staining, × 10). 10), c represents drug-treated mouse kidney (HE staining, ×10), d represents normal mouse kidney (HE staining, ×10). the
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面,举实施例说明本发明,但是,本发明并不限于下述的实施例。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. the
本发明中涉及到的主要原辅材料和设备有: The main raw and auxiliary materials and equipment involved in the present invention are:
主要原料及选用试剂:新疆一枝蒿,采自天山支脉---天格尔山北路,采回后置阴凉处自然干燥、粉碎装袋后备用。黄芪浸膏可通过本领域熟知常见的技术手段所获得。 Main raw materials and selected reagents: Xinjiang Artemisia argyi, collected from a branch of Tianshan Mountain---North Road of Tiangeer Mountain, dried naturally in a cool place after harvesting, crushed and bagged for later use. Radix Astragali extract can be obtained by common technical means well known in the art. the
昆明种小白鼠,雄性,购自新疆医科大学医学实验动物中心(动物许可证号:SYXK(新)2003-0001)。 Kunming white mice, male, were purchased from the Medical Experimental Animal Center of Xinjiang Medical University (animal license number: SYXK (new) 2003-0001). the
四氧嘧啶,购自美国Sigma公司;SOD,南京建成生物工程研究所产品;MDA,南京建成生物工程研究所产品:石油醚,分析纯试剂,天津市富宇精细化工有限公司;无水乙醇,分析纯试剂,天津市富宇精细化工有限公司;乙酸乙酯,分析纯试剂,天津市富宇精细化工有限公司。盐酸二甲基胍,北京中慧药业有限公司。 Alloxan, purchased from Sigma Company of the United States; SOD, product of Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute; MDA, product of Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute: petroleum ether, analytical reagent, Tianjin Fuyu Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.; absolute ethanol, Analytical reagents, Tianjin Fuyu Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.; ethyl acetate, analytical reagents, Tianjin Fuyu Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. Dimethylguanidine hydrochloride was purchased from Beijing Zhonghui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. the
主要仪器: Main instrument:
超声波细胞粉碎机隔音箱,宁波新芝生物科技股份有限公司;JFSD-70型实验室万能粉碎机,上海嘉定粮油检测仪器有限公司;RE-5299型旋转蒸发器,巩义市予华仪器有限责任公司;循环水式真空泵,巩义市予华仪器有限责任公司;AL104-IC型电子天平,梅特勒-托利多仪器有限公司;KQ-250DE型数控超声波清洗器,昆山市超声仪器有限公司;乐康全血糖测定仪,罗氏诊断公司产品(批号2005-06 22381501)。 Ultrasonic cell grinder soundproof box, Ningbo Xinzhi Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; JFSD-70 laboratory universal grinder, Shanghai Jiading Grain and Oil Testing Instrument Co., Ltd.; RE-5299 rotary evaporator, Gongyi Yuhua Instrument Co., Ltd. ; Circulating water vacuum pump, Gongyi Yuhua Instrument Co., Ltd.; AL104-IC electronic balance, Mettler-Toledo Instrument Co., Ltd.; KQ-250DE CNC ultrasonic cleaner, Kunshan Ultrasonic Instrument Co., Ltd.; Lekang Whole blood glucose meter, product of Roche Diagnostics (batch number 2005-06 22381501). the
本发明中选用的所有试剂和仪器都为本领域熟知选用的,但不限制本发明的实施,其他本领域熟知的一些试剂和设备都可适用于本发明以下实施方式的实施。 All reagents and instruments selected in the present invention are well-known and selected in the art, but do not limit the implementation of the present invention. Some other reagents and equipment well-known in the art are applicable to the implementation of the following embodiments of the present invention. the
实施例一:新疆一枝蒿制剂的制备 Embodiment one: the preparation of Xinjiang Artemisia chinensis preparation
参见附图1,具体描述新疆一枝蒿制剂的制备如下: Referring to accompanying drawing 1, specifically describe the preparation of Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparation as follows:
(1)、首先将新疆一枝蒿全草粉碎成粉末,称重加3倍体积的乙醚放置8小时后过滤,沉淀物用80%乙醇在35℃下超声提取,每次30-40min,过滤得到新疆一枝蒿乙醇提取液; (1), first crush the whole Artemisia argyi in Xinjiang into powder, weigh and add 3 times the volume of ether and place it for 8 hours before filtering, and the precipitate is ultrasonically extracted with 80% ethanol at 35°C, each time for 30-40min, and filtered to obtain Xinjiang Artemisia argyi ethanol extract;
(2)、将新疆一枝蒿提取液用95%乙醇沉淀过夜,过滤,旋转蒸发除去乙醇,乙酸乙酯萃取,萃取温度为常温,得乙酸乙酯部位,将乙酸乙酯部位聚酰胺柱层析依次采用20%、40%、60%、80%不同浓度的乙醇溶液洗脱,收集60%和 80%的乙醇洗脱物减压浓缩成浸膏,浓缩后的浸膏与黄芪浸膏按重量比(5-10)∶1比例配伍,按照中草药液体药剂通常做法,配置一定量的纯水制备获得成品制剂。 (2) Precipitate the Artemisia argyi extract with 95% ethanol overnight, filter, remove the ethanol by rotary evaporation, extract with ethyl acetate, the extraction temperature is normal temperature, and obtain the ethyl acetate part, and the ethyl acetate part is subjected to polyamide column chromatography Adopt 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% ethanol solutions of different concentrations to elute successively, collect 60% and 80% ethanol eluents and concentrate them under reduced pressure to form extracts. Ratio (5-10): 1 ratio compatibility, according to the usual practice of Chinese herbal medicine liquid medicine, a certain amount of pure water is prepared to prepare the finished preparation. the
通过将上述技术手段获得新疆一枝蒿制剂,分析给药后四氧嘧啶糖尿病KM小鼠体重、血糖、SOD以及MDA变化,并对其组织形态进行观察,来探究新疆一枝蒿提取液对糖尿病KM小鼠的影响。结果表明:通过用四氧嘧啶诱导建立小鼠糖尿病模型,本发明提供的新疆一枝蒿制剂具有良好的降血糖活性功效,在制备治疗糖尿病药物中具有广阔的应用前景。 By using the above technical means to obtain Artemisia Xinjiang preparations, analyze the changes in body weight, blood sugar, SOD and MDA of alloxan diabetic KM mice after administration, and observe the tissue morphology, to explore the effect of Artemisia Xinjiang Artemisia extract on diabetic KM mice Rat influence. The results show that the Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparation provided by the invention has good blood sugar-lowering activity by using alloxan to induce and establish a mouse diabetes model, and has broad application prospects in the preparation of drugs for treating diabetes. the
实施例二:新疆一枝蒿制剂的制备 Embodiment two: the preparation of Xinjiang Artemisia chinensis preparation
参见附图1,按照实施例一所述的技术方案,通过将新疆一枝蒿全草粉碎,称重加3倍体积的乙醚放置8h后过滤,沉淀物用80%乙醇在35℃下超声提取,每次30-40min,过滤得到新疆一枝蒿乙醇提取液,用95%乙醇沉淀过夜,离心取上清液,乙酸乙酯萃取,萃取温度为常温,过滤得乙酸乙酯部位,乙酸乙酯部位聚酰胺柱层析依次采用20%、40%、60%、80%不同浓度的乙醇溶液洗脱,收集60%和80%的乙醇洗脱物,减压浓缩成浸膏,浓缩后的浸膏与黄芪浸膏按重量比5∶1比例配伍,按照中草药液体药剂通常做法,配置一定量的纯水制备获得成品制剂。 Referring to accompanying drawing 1, according to the technical scheme described in Example 1, by pulverizing the whole Artemisia xinjiang, adding 3 times the volume of diethyl ether and leaving it for 8 hours to filter, the precipitate was ultrasonically extracted with 80% ethanol at 35°C, Each time for 30-40 minutes, filter to obtain the ethanol extract of Artemisia chinensis, precipitate with 95% ethanol overnight, centrifuge to take the supernatant, extract with ethyl acetate, the extraction temperature is normal temperature, filter to obtain the ethyl acetate part, the ethyl acetate part is poly Amide column chromatography adopts ethanol solutions of different concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% to elute successively, collects 60% and 80% ethanol eluates, concentrates under reduced pressure to form extracts, and concentrates extracts with Astragalus extract is mixed in a weight ratio of 5:1, and a certain amount of pure water is prepared according to the usual practice of Chinese herbal medicine liquid medicine to prepare a finished preparation. the
通过分析给药后四氧嘧啶糖尿病KM小鼠体重、血糖、SOD以及MDA变化,并对其组织形态进行观察,来探究新疆一枝蒿提取液对糖尿病KM小鼠的影响。结果表明:本发明提供的新疆一枝蒿制剂制备中,采用上述技术工艺获得的新疆一枝蒿制剂,具有显著的降血糖活性,使用剂量为67.5mg/kg。 By analyzing the changes in body weight, blood sugar, SOD and MDA of alloxan diabetic KM mice after administration, and observing their tissue morphology, we explored the effect of Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia extract on diabetic KM mice. The results show that: in the preparation of Artemisia xinjiang preparation provided by the present invention, the Artemisia xinjiang preparation obtained by adopting the above technical process has significant hypoglycemic activity, and the dosage is 67.5 mg/kg. the
实施例三:实验性四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠模型的建立 Example 3: Establishment of Experimental Alloxan Diabetic Mouse Model
取体重18-22g的昆明种雄性小鼠120只,适应性喂养一周,随机选取10 只为正常对照组(Nomal control group,NC),其余腹腔注射四氧嘧啶200mg/kg(四氧嘧啶用生理盐水配置),注射前禁食不禁水12h,造成实验性高血糖模型,造模型后48h内给与10%葡萄糖水,防止动物发生低血糖性死亡,72h后,小鼠尾端取血测血糖(取血前小鼠禁食12h)。观察动物的饮水、饲料摄入情况,是否出现糖尿病典型“三多”症状。最后选取血糖值≥11.1mmol/L的小鼠为实验性糖尿病动物模型。 Get 120 Kunming male mice with a body weight of 18-22 g, and feed them adaptively for one week, randomly select 10 as the normal control group (Nomal control group, NC), and inject all the other 200 mg/kg of alloxan intraperitoneally (alloxan is used for physiological Saline configuration), fasting before injection for 12 hours, resulting in an experimental hyperglycemia model, giving 10% glucose water within 48 hours after the model was built, to prevent hypoglycemic death of animals, after 72 hours, blood was taken from the tail of the mice to measure blood sugar (The mice were fasted for 12 hours before blood collection). Observe the drinking water and feed intake of the animals, and whether the typical "three excesses" symptoms of diabetes appear. Finally, the mice whose blood glucose level was ≥11.1mmol/L were selected as experimental diabetic animal models. the
四氧嘧啶可对胰岛β细胞造成损伤,从而影响了胰岛素的分泌,使动物血糖升高。昆明种小鼠注射四氧嘧啶造模,3d后各组出现多饮、多食、多尿、体重减轻的“三多一少”症状,并逐渐加重。给药后,采用新疆一枝蒿制剂高、中、低剂量组昆明种小鼠的症状减轻,且随实验进程症状得到缓解;而模型对照组的症状随实验进程加重。 Alloxan can cause damage to islet β cells, thereby affecting the secretion of insulin and increasing blood sugar in animals. Kunming mice were injected with alloxan to make models, and after 3 days, the symptoms of "three more and one less" of polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, and weight loss appeared in each group, and gradually aggravated. After administration, the symptoms of Kunming mice in the high, medium and low dose groups of Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparations were alleviated, and the symptoms were relieved with the progress of the experiment; while the symptoms of the model control group were aggravated with the progress of the experiment. the
实施例四:新疆一枝蒿制剂对实验性高血糖小鼠的降血糖作用 Example 4: Hypoglycemic effect of Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparation on experimental hyperglycemic mice
将造模成功的糖尿病模型小鼠50只,正常小鼠10只进行分组,共分为6组,包括正常对照组、糖尿病模型对照组、药物治疗组和3个实验组: 50 diabetic model mice successfully modeled and 10 normal mice were divided into 6 groups, including normal control group, diabetes model control group, drug treatment group and 3 experimental groups:
糖尿病模型对照组(Diabetic control group,DC),每天灌胃0.9%生理盐水; Diabetic control group (Diabetic control group, DC) was fed with 0.9% normal saline every day;
新疆一枝蒿制剂低剂量组(Low dose,L),每天灌胃33.75mg/kg; Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparation low-dose group (Low dose, L), 33.75mg/kg by intragastric administration every day;
新疆一枝蒿制剂中剂量组(Middle dose,M),每天灌胃67.5mg/kg; Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparation middle dose group (Middle dose, M), 67.5mg/kg orally administered every day;
新疆一枝蒿制剂高剂量组(High dose,H),每天灌胃135mg/kg; Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparation high-dose group (High dose, H), 135mg/kg by intragastric administration every day;
正常对照组(Nomal control group,NC),每天灌胃0.9%生理盐水; The normal control group (Normal control group, NC) was fed with 0.9% normal saline every day;
药物治疗组(Cure group,CG),每天灌胃1.0g/kg。 The drug treatment group (Cure group, CG) was given 1.0g/kg orally every day. the
连续给药14d,每周测一次体重、尾静脉取血测一次空腹血糖浓度,见表1、表2。 After continuous administration for 14 days, the body weight was measured once a week, and blood was taken from the tail vein to measure the fasting blood glucose concentration once a week. See Table 1 and Table 2. the
表1:实验期间小鼠体重(g)变化情况 Table 1: Changes in body weight (g) of mice during the experiment
注:##p<0.01,#p<0.05与正常对照组相比**p<0.01,*p<0.05与模型对照组相比 Note: ##p<0.01, #p<0.05 compared with normal control group **p<0.01, *p<0.05 compared with model control group
前期实验证明,注射四氧嘧啶后小鼠体重明显下降,注射四氧嘧啶72h后,小鼠体重间无明显差异。随着实验进程的进行,3个实验组糖尿病小鼠的体重变化与糖尿病模型组相比有统计学差异(t检验,P<0.05),模型对照组小鼠体重增长比较缓慢,其余各组动物体重均稳定增长,表明新疆一枝蒿制剂能够改善由于四氧嘧啶化学损伤而导致的小鼠体重下降。 Preliminary experiments proved that the weight of the mice decreased significantly after the injection of alloxan, and there was no significant difference in the weight of the mice 72 hours after the injection of alloxan. As the experiment progressed, the weight changes of the diabetic mice in the three experimental groups were significantly different from those of the diabetic model group (t test, P<0.05), the weight of the mice in the model control group increased slowly, and the animals in the other groups The body weight all increased steadily, indicating that Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparation can improve the weight loss of mice caused by alloxan chemical damage. the
表2:新疆一枝蒿制剂对糖尿病小鼠血糖(mmo l/L)水平的影响 Table 2: Effects of Xinjiang Yizhihao preparations on blood glucose (mmo l/L) levels in diabetic mice
注:##p p<0.01,#p<0.05与正常对照组相比 Note: ##p p<0.01, #p<0.05 compared with normal control group
**p p<0.01,*p<0.05与模型对照组相比 **p p<0.01, *p<0.05 compared with model control group
由表2中数据可知,模型组的血糖值明显高于正常组,说明实验造模是成功的。不同剂量的新疆一枝蒿制剂对糖尿病小鼠降血糖作用存在着显著差异(p<0.01)。一枝蒿制剂高剂量组和中剂量组可使糖尿病KM小鼠的高血糖降低,而一枝蒿制剂低剂量组与模型组相比具有差异不显著(p>0.05),与正常对照组相比差异极显著(p<0.01),说明新疆一枝蒿制剂低剂量组无明显的降血糖作用。当剂量为67.5mg/kg时,降血搪作用最强(P<0.01),继续增加剂量,血糖下降不明显。本实验选用67.5mg/kg作为治疗糖尿病的最佳剂量。 From the data in Table 2, it can be seen that the blood sugar level of the model group was significantly higher than that of the normal group, indicating that the experimental modeling was successful. There are significant differences in the hypoglycemic effect of different doses of Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparations on diabetic mice (p<0.01). The high-dose group and the middle-dose group of Yizhihao preparation can reduce the hyperglycemia of diabetic KM mice, while the low-dose Yizhihao preparation group has no significant difference compared with the model group (p>0.05), and the difference compared with the normal control group Extremely significant (p<0.01), indicating that the low-dose Xinjiang Yizhihao preparation group has no obvious hypoglycemic effect. When the dose was 67.5 mg/kg, the effect of lowering blood sugar was the strongest (P<0.01), and the blood sugar was not significantly lowered if the dose was continued to increase. In this experiment, 67.5mg/kg was selected as the optimal dose for the treatment of diabetes. the
实施例五:新疆一枝蒿制剂对实验性高血糖小鼠SOD、MDA酶活的影响 Example 5: Effect of Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparation on SOD and MDA enzyme activities in experimental hyperglycemic mice
末次给药前禁食12h,给药2h后眼眶静脉采血,0.5h内6000r/min离心15min分离血清,按试剂盒方法测定空腹血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、(MDA)指标。 Fasting for 12 hours before the last administration, blood was collected from the orbital vein 2 hours after the administration, and the serum was separated by centrifugation at 6000r/min for 15 minutes within 0.5 hours, and the fasting serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and (MDA) indexes were determined according to the kit method. the
(1)血清SOD活性测定 (1) Determination of serum SOD activity
测定方法:取血清,超氧化物歧化酶的测定使用超氧化物歧化酶测定试剂盒,按说明书进行操作。 Determination method: take serum, use superoxide dismutase assay kit for the determination of superoxide dismutase, and operate according to the instructions. the
公式:总SOD活力(U/ml)=[(对照管吸光度-测定管吸光度)/对照管吸光度吸光度]/50%*反应体系的稀释倍数*样本测试前的稀释倍数 Formula: total SOD activity (U/ml) = [(absorbance of control tube-absorbance of measuring tube)/absorbance of control tube absorbance]/50%*dilution multiple of reaction system*dilution multiple of sample before test
操作步骤 Steps
注:a *代表样本取样量和蒸馏水取样量 Note: a * represents sample sampling volume and distilled water sampling volume
混匀,室温放置10min,于酶标仪中测定血清中的SOD活力,结果见表3。 Mix well, place at room temperature for 10 min, and measure SOD activity in serum in a microplate reader. The results are shown in Table 3. the
(2)血清MDA含量测定 (2) Determination of serum MDA content
测定方法:取血清,脂质过氧化物的测定使用脂质过氧化物测定试剂盒,按说明书进行操作。 Assay method: take serum, and use a lipid peroxide assay kit for the determination of lipid peroxide, and operate according to the instructions. the
操作步骤 Steps
注:a*表不所需的样品量、标准品量、无水乙醇的量、试剂一的量四者均相等。 Note: a* means that the required sample volume, standard product volume, absolute ethanol volume, and reagent 1 volume are all equal. the
**表示测定空白管可省略不做用标准空白管来代替。 **Indicates that the blank tube for determination can be omitted and replaced by a standard blank tube. the
漩涡混匀器混匀,试管口用保鲜膜扎紧,用针头刺一小孔,95℃水浴40min,取出后用流水冷却,然后3500-4000r/min,离心10min(3000r/min以下离心需延长,目的使沉淀完全)取上清,至于酶标板中用酶标仪测定其活力。 Vortex mixer to mix evenly, tie the mouth of the test tube tightly with plastic wrap, prick a small hole with a needle, bathe in 95°C water for 40 minutes, take it out and cool it with running water, then centrifuge at 3500-4000r/min for 10min (centrifugation below 3000r/min needs to be prolonged) , the purpose is to make the precipitation complete) to get the supernatant, and use a microplate reader to measure its activity in the microplate plate. the
公式:血清中MDA含量(nmol/ml)=(测定管吸光度-测定空白管吸光度)/(标准管吸光度-标准空白管吸光度)*标准品浓度(10nmol/ml)*样品测试前稀释倍数 Formula: MDA content in serum (nmol/ml) = (absorbance of measuring tube - absorbance of measuring blank tube) / (absorbance of standard tube - absorbance of standard blank tube) * standard concentration (10nmol/ml) * dilution factor of sample before testing
表3:新疆一枝蒿制剂对糖尿病小鼠SOD和MDA的影响 Table 3: Effect of Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparation on SOD and MDA in diabetic mice
注:##p<0.01,#p<0.05与正常对照组相比 **p<0.01,*p<0.05与模型对照组相比 Note: ##p<0.01, #p<0.05 compared with normal control group **p<0.01, *p<0.05 compared with model control group
SOD对机体的氧化与抗氧化平衡起着重要的作用,能清除超氧阴离子自由 基,保护细胞免受损伤。MDA是机体内不饱和脂肪酸在自由基的作用下产生的脂质过氧化产物。由表3可以看出,胰岛细胞经Alloxan作用后,其SOD的活性有所降低,而MDA明显升高(p<0.05),说明胰岛细胞受到一定程度的损伤。而给予新疆一枝蒿制剂后,其SOD的值明显升高,一枝蒿制剂(高、中、低)三个剂量组和模型组相比具有显著性差异(p<0.05),同时MDA的含量明显降低,三个剂量组和模型组相比具有显著性差异(p<0.05),说明新疆一枝蒿制剂的抗氧化能力也有所提高。 SOD plays an important role in the oxidation and anti-oxidation balance of the body. It can remove superoxide anion free radicals and protect cells from damage. MDA is a lipid peroxidation product produced by unsaturated fatty acids in the body under the action of free radicals. It can be seen from Table 3 that after the action of Alloxan on the islet cells, the SOD activity decreased, while the MDA increased significantly (p<0.05), indicating that the islet cells were damaged to a certain extent. After giving Xinjiang Yizhihao preparation, its SOD value increased significantly, and the three dosage groups of Yizhihao preparation (high, medium and low) had significant differences compared with the model group (p<0.05), and the content of MDA was significantly higher than that of the model group. Compared with the model group, there were significant differences (p<0.05) between the three dosage groups and the model group, which indicated that the antioxidant capacity of Artemisia chinensis preparation was also improved. the
实施例六:新疆一枝蒿制剂对实验性高血糖小鼠肝脏和肾脏的影响 Example 6: Effects of Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparation on the liver and kidney of experimental hyperglycemic mice
将小鼠脱颈椎处死,立即解剖取肝脏、肾脏组织,制作其石蜡切片: The mice were killed by cervical dislocation, and the liver and kidney tissues were dissected immediately to make paraffin sections:
通过采用10%的甲醛溶液固定、不同浓度乙醇脱水、石蜡包埋、切片机切片、HE染色、观察拍照。通过显微镜观察结果显示: The samples were fixed with 10% formaldehyde solution, dehydrated with different concentrations of ethanol, embedded in paraffin, sectioned with a microtome, stained with HE, observed and photographed. Observation by microscope showed that:
参见附图2中a、b、c、d。正常组小鼠肝小叶结构正常,未见纤维增生及纤维间隔形成,肝索、窦比例正常,无炎细胞浸润;对照组小鼠肝细胞肿胀,肝小叶结构模糊,由大小不等的圆形、椭圆形或不规则形肝细胞结节(假小叶)所取代,结节内肝细胞索排列紊乱,肝细胞核增大,染色加深;而采用本发明提供的新疆一枝蒿制剂中、高剂量组小鼠肝小叶多数结构清晰,少量结构模糊,肝细胞索排列基本清晰,部分细胞肿胀。表明采用本发明提供的新疆一枝蒿制剂具有很好的保肝作用。 See a, b, c, d in accompanying drawing 2. In the normal group, the structure of the hepatic lobule was normal, no fibrous hyperplasia and formation of fibrous septa were observed, the ratio of hepatic cord and sinus was normal, and there was no inflammatory cell infiltration; , oval or irregular hepatocyte nodules (pseudolobules), the hepatocyte cords in the nodules are arranged in disorder, the hepatocyte nuclei are enlarged, and the staining is deepened; Most of the mouse hepatic lobules had clear structures, and a small amount of structures were blurred. The arrangement of hepatic cell cords was basically clear, and some cells were swollen. It shows that the Artemisia xinjiang preparation provided by the invention has a good hepatoprotective effect. the
参见附图3中a、b、c、d。小鼠处死后解剖取出其肾脏发现对照组小鼠肾脏肿胀,肾小球弥漫性增大,毛细血管腔变窄;正常组小鼠的毛细血管正常;而采用本发明提供的新疆一枝蒿制剂中、高剂量组小鼠肾脏的损伤状况有一定的改善作用。表明采用本发明提供的新疆一枝蒿制剂对于肾脏的损伤具有很好的改善作用。 See a, b, c, d in accompanying drawing 3. After the mice were sacrificed, their kidneys were dissected and taken out to find that the kidneys of the mice in the control group were swollen, the glomeruli were diffusely enlarged, and the capillary cavity was narrowed; the capillaries of the mice in the normal group were normal; , High-dose group mice kidney injury status has a certain improvement. It shows that the Xinjiang Yizhi Artemisia preparation provided by the invention has a good improvement effect on kidney damage. the
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司晓棠.一枝蒿化学成分研究.《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库医药卫生科技辑》.2007,(第6期),第11-16页. * |
吉腾飞等.新疆一枝蒿化学成分研究Ⅱ.《中国中药杂志》.2007,第32卷(第12期),1187-1189. * |
方美珠等.响应面法优化新疆一枝蒿总黄酮提取工艺.《食品科学》.2010,第31卷(第16期),83-86. * |
王燕等.新疆一枝蒿化学成分的研究.《新疆医科大学学报》.2004,第27卷(第04期),361-363. * |
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