CN102093486A - Decolorized ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract and method for preparing hand cream by using same - Google Patents
Decolorized ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract and method for preparing hand cream by using same Download PDFInfo
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- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种脱色的灵芝多糖提取液及其用于制备护手霜的方法。其特征是通过将灵芝子实体用热水回流提取，乙醇沉淀，抽滤，沉淀烘干，粉碎得到灵芝多糖粉末，再加去离子水混匀制成溶液，加入活性炭，使活性炭质量占溶液总质量的1～3％，超声混匀，以转速4000～10000r·min-1离心，取上清液得到无色透明的本发明灵芝多糖提取液；将该提取液与丙二醇，三乙醇胺和尼泊金丙酯配成水相，以及将矿物油，羊毛脂，鲸蜡醇配制成油相，将油相及水相分别加热至溶解后，把油相加入水相中，乳化，静置冷却制得护手霜。本发明方法使灵芝多糖脱色率达99.6％，保留率达66.7％，由它制得的护手霜色泽纯白，质地细腻滑润，保湿效果明显，具有菌物的天然芳香味。The invention relates to a decolorized ganoderma polysaccharide extract and a method for preparing hand cream. It is characterized in that ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies are extracted with hot water backflow, ethanol precipitation, suction filtration, precipitation drying, pulverization to obtain ganoderma polysaccharide powder, and then deionized water is mixed to make a solution, and activated carbon is added so that the mass of activated carbon accounts for the total amount of the solution. 1 to 3% of the mass, ultrasonically mixed, centrifuged at a speed of 4000 to 10000r·min −1 , and the supernatant was taken to obtain a colorless and transparent Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract of the present invention; the extract was mixed with propylene glycol, triethanolamine and nipa Gold propyl ester is made into water phase, and mineral oil, lanolin and cetyl alcohol are made into oil phase, the oil phase and water phase are heated to dissolve respectively, and the oil phase is added into the water phase, emulsified, and left to cool to prepare Get hand cream. The method of the invention makes the decolorization rate of the ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide reach 99.6%, and the retention rate reaches 66.7%. The hand cream prepared by the method has pure white color, fine and smooth texture, obvious moisturizing effect and natural fragrance of bacteria.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种灵芝多糖提取液，具体来说涉及一种利用活性炭和超声波脱色得到的灵芝多糖提取液；另外还涉及用这种灵芝多糖提取液制备护手霜的方法。The invention relates to a ganoderma polysaccharide extract, in particular to a ganoderma polysaccharide extract obtained by using active carbon and ultrasonic decolorization; in addition, it also relates to a method for preparing hand cream with the ganoderma polysaccharide extract.
背景技术Background technique
现代社会，人们不但长期处在各种电磁辐射的环境中，且常常要接触各类化学洗剂(洗洁剂、皂液、洗衣粉等)，致使肌肤缺水或抗氧化能力下降而变得缺乏弹性、干燥、粗糙。已有的护肤护手产品多以含有重金属的化学成分为主，虽可使皮肤滋润、美白，但长期使用会造成皮肤变薄，累积会导致更严重的皮肤问题，而研制天然的、能有效滋养皮肤，增加皮肤的抗氧化、抗光老化能力的护肤护手产品将具有广阔的市场前景。In modern society, people are not only exposed to all kinds of electromagnetic radiation for a long time, but also often come into contact with various chemical lotions (detergents, soaps, washing powder, etc.), resulting in skin dehydration or reduced antioxidant capacity. Inelastic, dry, rough. Most of the existing skin care and hand care products are mainly chemical ingredients containing heavy metals. Although they can moisturize and whiten the skin, long-term use will cause skin thinning, and accumulation will lead to more serious skin problems. Natural, effective Skin care and hand care products that nourish the skin and increase the anti-oxidation and anti-photoaging capabilities of the skin will have broad market prospects.
灵芝是迄今发现的、既有广泛的生物活性又无任何毒副作用的中药珍品。灵芝的美容作用，主要来源于灵芝子实体内的有机锗、高分子多糖体、丰富的微量元素和其它生物活性物质对延缓衰老起到的协同作用。灵芝多糖可显著提高SOD活性，有效清除机体产生的自由基，从而阻止自由基对机体的损伤，防止机体的过氧化，保护细胞组织，延缓细胞衰老。灵芝多糖能显著促进细胞核内DNA合成能力，并可增加细胞的分裂代数。所以，灵芝多糖的抗衰老功能十分强大，而且灵芝多糖能保持和调节皮肤水分，恢复皮肤弹性，抑制皮肤中黑色素的形成和沉淀，提高羟脯氨酸和SOD含量呈剂量依赖性，这些作用都能延缓皮肤的衰老。人们脸部产生的黑斑、雀斑、青春痘是由于人体血液中一些不纯物质产生沉淀所引起的；而皮肤粗糙，产生皱纹，是细胞新陈代谢不旺盛引起的。通过吸收有机锗、多糖等活性物质，可达到净血去污，促使细胞再生，消除斑纹、青春痘，延缓皮肤老化，保持青春活力，达到美容之目的。Ganoderma lucidum is a treasure of traditional Chinese medicine discovered so far, which has a wide range of biological activities and has no toxic side effects. The beauty function of Ganoderma lucidum mainly comes from the synergistic effect of organic germanium, high molecular polysaccharides, rich trace elements and other biologically active substances in the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum to delay aging. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide can significantly increase the activity of SOD, effectively remove the free radicals produced by the body, thereby preventing the damage of free radicals to the body, preventing the body from peroxidation, protecting cell tissues, and delaying cell aging. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide can significantly promote the ability of DNA synthesis in the nucleus and increase the number of cell divisions. Therefore, the anti-aging function of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is very powerful, and Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide can maintain and regulate skin moisture, restore skin elasticity, inhibit the formation and precipitation of melanin in the skin, and increase the content of hydroxyproline and SOD in a dose-dependent manner. Can delay skin aging. Dark spots, freckles, and acne on people's faces are caused by the precipitation of some impure substances in the blood of the human body; while rough skin and wrinkles are caused by insufficient cell metabolism. By absorbing active substances such as organic germanium and polysaccharides, it can purify blood and decontaminate, promote cell regeneration, eliminate spots and acne, delay skin aging, maintain youthful vitality, and achieve the purpose of beauty.
但是一般通过水提醇沉法获得的灵芝多糖都会带有灵芝本身的红褐色，直接添加到乳霜中则会使得产品含有较深的红褐色，外观颜色差，质地较粗糙。目前多糖提取液的脱色方法一般采用活性炭吸附法、双氧水氧化法和大孔树脂吸附法，其中活性炭法脱色时间长且多糖损失率大，双氧水氧化法对多糖结构会造成破坏，影响其生物活性。大孔树脂对色素吸附能力较强，其脱色率可达到85％以上，多糖保留率可达到85％以上，但工艺较复杂，成本较高。However, the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation generally has the reddish brown color of Ganoderma lucidum itself. When it is directly added to the cream, the product will have a darker reddish brown color, poor appearance color and rough texture. At present, the decolorization methods of polysaccharide extracts generally adopt activated carbon adsorption method, hydrogen peroxide oxidation method and macroporous resin adsorption method. Among them, the decolorization time of activated carbon method is long and the loss rate of polysaccharide is large. The hydrogen peroxide oxidation method will cause damage to the polysaccharide structure and affect its biological activity. The macroporous resin has a strong ability to adsorb pigments, its decolorization rate can reach more than 85%, and the polysaccharide retention rate can reach more than 85%, but the process is more complicated and the cost is higher.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服以上所述的问题，开发出一种能用于护肤品的灵芝多糖提取液。另一目的是开发出用这种灵芝多糖提取液制备护手霜的方法。The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems, develop a kind of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract that can be used for skin care products. Another purpose is to develop a method for preparing hand cream with this Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract.
我们通过活性炭与超声波相结合的脱色方法，得到一种脱色率为99.6％的灵芝多糖提取液，并且其中的灵芝多糖的保留率为66.7％，另外还用这种灵芝多糖提取液制备得到护手霜，从而实现了本发明的目的。We have obtained a Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract with a decolorization rate of 99.6% through the decolorization method combined with activated carbon and ultrasonic waves, and the retention rate of the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide in it is 66.7%. In addition, the ganoderma polysaccharide extract is used to prepare hand protection Frost, thereby achieved the purpose of the present invention.
本发明的一种脱色的灵芝多糖提取液，其特征是通过以下的步骤制备得到：A kind of decolorized Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract of the present invention is characterized in that it is prepared through the following steps:
(1)将灵芝子实体切片后，加入蒸馏水，通过75～99℃热水回流提取，在提取液中加入乙醇使乙醇终浓度为60％～90％，4～25℃静置沉淀，抽滤，沉淀烘干，粉碎后得到红褐色的灵芝多糖粉末；(1) Slice the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum, add distilled water, extract by reflux of hot water at 75-99°C, add ethanol to the extract to make the final concentration of ethanol 60%-90%, let stand at 4-25°C for precipitation, and filter with suction , precipitated and dried, and pulverized to obtain reddish-brown Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide powder;
(2)按灵芝多糖粉末与去离子水的质量比1～2.5∶500的比例，将步骤(1)得到的灵芝多糖粉末加入去离子水，混匀制成溶液，加入活性炭，使活性炭质量占溶液总质量的1％～3％，调节pH 2.5～4.5，超声混匀20～60s，保持环境温度为20～40℃，静置20～100min，以转速4000～10000r·min-1离心10～30min，取上清液，得到无色透明的灵芝多糖提取液。(2) According to the mass ratio of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide powder and deionized water 1～2.5:500 ratio, the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide powder obtained in step (1) is added into deionized water, mixed to make a solution, and activated carbon is added to make the mass of activated carbon account for 1% to 3% of the total mass of the solution, adjust the pH to 2.5 to 4.5, ultrasonically mix for 20 to 60 seconds, keep the ambient temperature at 20 to 40°C, let it stand for 20 to 100 minutes, and centrifuge at a speed of 4000 to 10000r min -1 for 10 to After 30 minutes, the supernatant was taken to obtain a colorless and transparent ganoderma polysaccharide extract.
步骤(1)所述的加入蒸馏水的用量可以是灵芝子实体质量的10～50倍，所述的回流最好是1～3次，所述的静置沉淀时间最好为10～24h，所述的烘干温度最好是40～60℃。The amount of distilled water added in step (1) can be 10 to 50 times the quality of the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body, the reflux is preferably 1 to 3 times, and the standing precipitation time is preferably 10 to 24 hours. The drying temperature mentioned above is preferably 40-60°C.
本发明的一种灵芝多糖提取液的制备方法及其优化条件同上述。The preparation method and optimization conditions of the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract of the present invention are the same as above.
本发明的护手霜的制备方法，其特征包括以下的步骤：The preparation method of hand cream of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1)将上述步骤(2)得到的无色透明的灵芝多糖提取液，丙二醇，三乙醇胺和尼泊金丙酯配成水相，以及将矿物油，羊毛脂和鲸蜡醇配制成油相，上述各组分的用量以灵芝多糖提取液质量份数100份计，丙二醇为25～30份，三乙醇胺0.1～0.3份，尼泊金丙酯0.05～0.2份，矿物油4～8份，羊毛脂1～3份，鲸蜡醇2～4份；(1) The colorless and transparent Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract obtained in the above step (2), propylene glycol, triethanolamine and propylparaben are formulated into the water phase, and mineral oil, lanolin and cetyl alcohol are formulated into the oil phase , the amount of the above-mentioned components is based on 100 parts by mass of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract, 25-30 parts of propylene glycol, 0.1-0.3 parts of triethanolamine, 0.05-0.2 parts of propylparaben, 4-8 parts of mineral oil, 1-3 parts of lanolin, 2-4 parts of cetyl alcohol;
(2)将步骤(1)所述的油相及水相分别加热至溶解，保持温度50～85℃，保持搅拌转速为320～720r·min-1，将油相慢慢加入水相之中，乳化5～35min，静置冷却至室温，得到护手霜。(2) Heat the oil phase and water phase described in step (1) until dissolved, keep the temperature at 50-85°C, keep the stirring speed at 320-720r·min -1 , and slowly add the oil phase into the water phase , emulsified for 5-35 minutes, allowed to stand and cooled to room temperature to obtain a hand cream.
本发明采用一种简单、有效的脱色方法，可使灵芝多糖脱色率达到99.6％，灵芝多糖保留率达66.7％，制成的护手霜产品色泽纯白，质地细腻、滑润，pH 6.0～7.0，保湿效果明显，具有菌物的天然芳香味。The invention adopts a simple and effective decolorization method, which can make the decolorization rate of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide reach 99.6%, and the retention rate of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide reaches 66.7%. The hand cream produced is pure white in color, fine and smooth in texture, and has a pH of 6.0-7.0 , the moisturizing effect is obvious, and it has the natural aroma of bacteria.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下实施例是对本发明的进一步说明，不是对本发明的限制。The following examples are further illustrations of the present invention, not limitations of the present invention.
实施例1：Example 1:
取10g灵芝子实体切片后，加入100mL蒸馏水，75℃热水回流提取1次，在提取液中加入乙醇使乙醇终浓度为60％，4℃静置沉淀10h，抽滤，沉淀经40℃烘干，粉碎后得灵芝多糖粉末。After taking 10g of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body slices, add 100mL of distilled water, reflux the hot water at 75°C to extract once, add ethanol to the extract to make the final concentration of ethanol 60%, let it settle at 4°C for 10h, filter it with suction, and dry the precipitate at 40°C dry and pulverize to obtain Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide powder.
称取1g灵芝多糖粉末溶于500mL水中混匀制成溶液，加入5.01g活性炭，调节pH至2.5，超声混匀20s，在20℃条件中静置20min，4000r·min-1离心10min，取上清液，得到无色透明的灵芝多糖提取液。灵芝多糖含量的测定采用苯酚硫酸法，灵芝多糖脱色率的测定采用测定样品脱色前后的OD490nm，最后得到灵芝多糖脱色率为99.6％和灵芝多糖保留率66.7％。Weigh 1g of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide powder, dissolve it in 500mL of water and mix to make a solution, add 5.01g of activated carbon, adjust the pH to 2.5, mix by ultrasonic for 20s, let stand at 20°C for 20min, centrifuge at 4000r·min -1 for 10min, take the clear solution to obtain a colorless and transparent Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract. The content of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method, and the decolorization rate of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide was measured by measuring the OD 490nm of the sample before and after decolorization. Finally, the decolorization rate of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide was 99.6% and the retention rate of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide was 66.7%.
实施例2：Example 2:
取10g灵芝子实体切片后，加入500mL蒸馏水，99℃热水回流提取3次，在提取液中加入乙醇使乙醇终浓度为90％，25℃静置沉淀24h，抽滤，沉淀经60℃烘干，粉碎后得灵芝多糖粉末。After taking 10g of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body slices, add 500mL of distilled water, reflux the hot water at 99°C to extract three times, add ethanol to the extract to make the final concentration of ethanol 90%, let stand at 25°C for 24h, filter with suction, and dry the precipitate at 60°C dry and pulverize to obtain Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide powder.
称取2.5g灵芝多糖粉末溶于500mL水中混匀制成溶液，加入15.075g活性炭，调节pH至4.5，超声混匀60s，在40℃条件中静置100min，10000r·min-1离心30min，取上清液，得到无色透明的灵芝多糖提取液，脱色率为99.5％和多糖保留率66.6％。Weigh 2.5g of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide powder, dissolve it in 500mL of water and mix to make a solution, add 15.075g of activated carbon, adjust the pH to 4.5, ultrasonically mix for 60s, let stand at 40°C for 100min, centrifuge at 10000r·min -1 for 30min, and take The supernatant obtained a colorless and transparent ganoderma polysaccharide extract, with a decolorization rate of 99.5% and a polysaccharide retention rate of 66.6%.
实施例3：Example 3:
将实施例1脱色的灵芝多糖提取液100g，丙二醇25g，三乙醇胺0.1g和尼泊金丙酯0.05g配成水相，再将矿物油4g，羊毛脂1g和鲸蜡醇2g配制成油相。将油相和水相分别加热至溶解，保持温度50℃，保持转速为320r·min-1，将油相慢慢加入水相之中，乳化5min，静置冷却至室温，得到护手霜。100 g of the decolorized ganoderma polysaccharide extract of Example 1, 25 g of propylene glycol, 0.1 g of triethanolamine and 0.05 g of propylparaben are made into the water phase, and then 4 g of mineral oil, 1 g of lanolin and 2 g of cetyl alcohol are made into the oil phase . The oil phase and the water phase were heated until they were dissolved, and the temperature was kept at 50°C and the rotation speed was kept at 320r·min -1 . The oil phase was slowly added to the water phase, emulsified for 5 min, and left to cool to room temperature to obtain a hand cream.
实施例4：Example 4:
将脱色的灵芝多糖提取液100g，丙二醇30g，三乙醇胺0.3g和尼泊金丙酯0.2g配成水相，再将矿物油8g，羊毛脂3g，鲸蜡醇4g配制成油相。将油相和水相分别加热至溶解，保持温度85℃，保持转速为720r·min-1，将油相慢慢加入水相之中，乳化35min，静置冷却至室温，得到护手霜。100 g of decolorized Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract, 30 g of propylene glycol, 0.3 g of triethanolamine and 0.2 g of propylparaben were formulated into an aqueous phase, and then 8 g of mineral oil, 3 g of lanolin, and 4 g of cetyl alcohol were formulated into an oil phase. Heat the oil phase and the water phase until dissolved, keep the temperature at 85°C, and keep the rotation speed at 720r·min -1 , slowly add the oil phase to the water phase, emulsify for 35 minutes, and let it cool down to room temperature to obtain a hand cream.
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