CN102022189B - Piston-type high-efficiency large-torque output engine - Google Patents

Abstract

A piston-type high-efficiency high-torque output engine relates to a motion mechanism of the piston engine and belongs to the technical field of engines. The purpose is to solve the problems of dead spots and low efficiency in the crank connecting rod engine. It is characterized in that, on the basis of the crank linkage mechanism of the engine, a torque output mechanism consisting of a piston (2), a push rod (3), a swing rod (4), an overrunning clutch (5) and a power output shaft (6) is added , the thrust of the piston acts on the swing rod (4) through the push rod (3) hinged on the piston (2), and is transformed by the overrunning clutch (5) fixed to the other end of the swing rod (4) through the power output shaft (6) into torque output. The middle position of the swing rod (4) is arranged vertically to the axis of the piston (2), and the length of the swing rod (4) is not limited by the stroke of the piston and can be much larger than the radius of the crank, thereby realizing high-efficiency and high-torque output of the engine. The invention plays an important role in increasing engine torque output and improving efficiency.

Description

Piston-type high-efficiency high-torque output engine

technical field

The invention relates to a piston engine, more precisely, an engine compound motion mechanism that converts the reciprocating motion of a piston into the rotary motion of a power output shaft, and belongs to the technical field of engines.

Background technique

At present, most of the motion mechanisms of piston engines are crank-connecting rod mechanisms, and its function is to convert the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotary motion of the crankshaft through the crank-rod mechanism. Its working principle is that when the engine is working, the fuel burns in the cylinder to generate heat energy, and the gas expands and pushes the piston to move, which is transmitted to the crankshaft through the connecting rod and makes it rotate to do work. During the working process, countless times of continuous transitions from thermal energy to mechanical energy are required, and each transition undergoes a working cycle. The movement of the piston from top to bottom or from bottom to top is called a stroke, which is generally completed by a reciprocating piston engine. A working cycle requires 4 strokes, namely suction stroke, compression stroke, power (explosion) stroke and exhaust stroke. In one working cycle, the piston reciprocates up and down 4 times. The crankshaft makes two revolutions. In a working cycle, only the working stroke is the active stroke of the crank connecting rod mechanism driven by the piston, and the power of the other three strokes, for a single-cylinder engine, is driven by the inertial force of the energy storage flywheel to move the crank connecting rod mechanism. For multi-cylinder engines, the cylinders of other non-power strokes are driven by the pistons performing the power stroke to work.

In the power stroke, when the piston is at the top dead center position, the fuel is injected into the air compressed by the piston, the fuel burns and explodes, and the gas expands to push the piston to move downward to do work. At this time, the piston is under the greatest force. It is determined by the characteristics of the crank-connecting rod mechanism. At this time, the crank and the connecting rod are in a straight line. The force of the piston is equivalent to the moment radius of the center of the crankshaft. The torque generated on the crankshaft is equal to the product of the force and the moment radius. Therefore, the crankshaft The torque output to the outside is small, and, with the downward movement of the piston, the crankshaft also rotates at the same time, and the moment radius acting on the center of the crankshaft increases accordingly, but because the volume of the cylinder expands at the same time, the pressure of the gas on the piston decreases rapidly , Therefore, the torque output of the crankshaft has not reached the best state, failing to give full play to the best efficiency produced by the fuel combustion explosion. During the movement of the piston, the change of the force and the radius of the moment is also relatively large, resulting in the instability of the crankshaft torque output. When the piston is at the top dead center, the maximum thrust of the piston generated by fuel combustion cannot be fully utilized. Affect the performance of the engine efficiency level, resulting in a huge waste of energy.

In response to the above problems, a large number of experts and scholars at home and abroad have been working on solving this problem. There have been many patents on the principle of new engines such as rotary piston engines (as described in the following technical documents), but due to their complex structure, the control Due to technical problems such as the difficulty in realizing the system, it has not been widely applied in production. Its kinematic mechanism of the internal combustion engines such as the diesel engine that applies now, gasoline engine still is crank connecting rod structure.

Reference technical literature:

Technical Document 1: New Rotary Piston Engine, Patent Application No. 200810030021.

Technical Document 2: Rotary Piston Engine, Patent Application No. 200510103234.

Technical document 3: deflection type reciprocating motion engine, patent application number 200710163913.

Technical Document 4: Airframe Rotary Internal Combustion Engine, Patent Application No. 200710133585.

Technical Document 5: Sliding vane rotor engine, patent application number 200710148485.

Technical Document 6: Multi-link Engine, Patent Application No. 200810173230.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to create a new compound motion mechanism of a piston engine, which converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotary motion of the power output shaft, and solves the dead point of the crank connecting rod motion mechanism. To solve the technical problems of the piston engine, realize high-efficiency and high-torque output of the piston engine, improve the efficiency of the piston engine, and reduce the fuel consumption of the engine.

This object is achieved by following a technical scheme:

The piston-type high-efficiency high-torque output engine is composed of cylinder 1, piston 2, push rod 3, swing rod 4, overrunning clutch 5, power output shaft 6, crank 9, connecting rod 10, energy storage flywheel 8, fuel supply and ignition system 11 , intake system 12, exhaust system 13 constitute. It is characterized by:

A torque output mechanism consisting of a cylinder 1, a piston 2, a push rod 3, a swing rod 4, an overrunning clutch 5 and a power output shaft 6, which together with a crank connecting rod mechanism composed of a connecting rod 10 and a crank 9 constitute a The compound kinematic mechanism of the engine. The cylinder 1 is set on the piston 2, and the top of the cylinder 1 is equipped with a fuel supply and ignition system 11, an intake system 12, and an exhaust system 13. One end of the push rod 3 is hinged on the piston 2, and the other end of the push rod 3 is connected to the piston 2. One end of the swing rod 4 is hinged, the other end of the swing rod 4 is fixed to the overrunning clutch 5, and the overrunning clutch 5 is set on the power output shaft 6, and has the same rotation axis O; one end of the connecting rod 10 is hinged on the push rod (3) and On the hinge point B of the swing rod (4), the other end of the connecting rod 10 is hinged with the crank 9, and the energy storage flywheel 8 is fixedly connected to the crank shaft 7.

According to a preferred solution of the present invention, in order to give full play to the thrust effect of the piston and increase the torque output of the power output shaft, the hinge point A of the push rod 3 and the piston 2 is arranged on the axis of the piston 2, and the push rod 3 and the swing rod The hinge point B of 4 is arranged near the axis of the piston 2. During the working process, the push rod 3 swings around the hinge point A on both sides of the axis of the piston 2, and the middle position of the swing rod 4 is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the piston 2. The length of 4 is greater than the length of crank 9.

The length of connecting rod 10 is greater than the length of 2 times of crank 9, and the length of connecting rod 10, the length of crank 9 and the length of fork 4 are greater than the distance from the crank axis to the swing axis O of fork 4, so as to satisfy each Motion requirements of components.

As 3 special forms of the present invention:

One of its features is that one end of the connecting rod (10) is hinged to any point on the fork (4), and the other end of the connecting rod 10 is hinged to the crank (9).

Its second feature is that one end of the connecting rod (10) is hinged to any point on the push rod (3), and the other end of the connecting rod 10 is hinged to the crank (9).

Its third feature is that one end of the connecting rod (10) is hinged on the hinge point A of the push rod (3) and the piston (2), and the other end of the connecting rod 10 is hinged with the crank (9).

The working principle of this engine is that when working, the fuel burns in the cylinder to generate heat energy, the gas is heated and expands to push the piston to move, and through the compound motion mechanism of the engine, the heat energy is converted into mechanical energy of the power output shaft. During the working process, countless times of continuous transitions from thermal energy to mechanical energy are required, and each transition undergoes a working cycle. The piston moves from up to down or from bottom to up, which is called a stroke. The engine needs to complete a working cycle. 4 strokes, namely suction stroke, compression stroke, power (explosion) stroke and exhaust stroke.

In the working stroke, use the explosive force when the fuel burns to push the piston 2 to move downward from the top dead center, and transmit the force of the piston 2 to one end of the swing rod 4 through the push rod 3, driving the swing rod 4 around the power output shaft 6 The axis O swings, the torque is transmitted to the power output shaft 6 through the overrunning clutch 5, and the power is output by the power output shaft 6. In order to give full play to the thrust of the piston and increase the torque output of the power output shaft, the hinge point A of the push rod 3 and the piston 2 is arranged on the axis of the piston 2, and the hinge point B of the push rod 3 and the swing rod 4 is arranged on the piston 2 Near the axis of the piston 2, during the working process, the push rod 3 swings around the hinge point A on both sides of the axis of the piston 2, and the middle position of the swing rod 4 is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the piston 2, and the length of the swing rod 4 is greater than that of the crank 9. The torque obtained by the power output shaft 6 is equal to the product of the force of the push rod 3 and the force arm of the force relative to the axis O of the power output shaft, and, during the movement of the piston from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, the force arm The change is much smaller than the change range of the moment arm of the crank-link mechanism, so larger and more uniform torque output can be obtained.

At the same time, a small part of the downward thrust of the piston 2 is transmitted to the connecting rod 10 through the push rod 3, and the connecting rod 10 is pushed to move. In the non-working stroke, the inertial force of the energy storage flywheel 8 is used to drive the piston to move through the push rod 3 by the crank connecting rod mechanism, and the exhaust, suction, and compression strokes are performed to complete a working cycle.

In the non-working stroke of the engine, the swing rod 4 is driven by the connecting rod 10 to swing around its swing axis O. At this time, due to the effect of the overrunning clutch 5, when the swing rod 4 moves upward, the power output shaft 6 does not follow the It moves, so the motion output of the power take-off shaft 6 has only one direction. For most 4-stroke engines, 4 cylinders are used, and the power strokes are staggered to realize continuous and uninterrupted rotation of the power output shaft 6 to realize power output.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1: Mechanism diagram of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 2: The schematic diagram of the mechanism of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 3: The schematic diagram of the mechanism of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 4: The schematic diagram of the mechanism of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The engine compound kinematic mechanism shown in Figure 1, which is applied to a four-stroke diesel engine, is composed of a cylinder 1, a piston 2, a push rod 3, a swing rod 4, an overrunning clutch 5, a power output shaft 6, an energy storage flywheel 8, and a crank 9. Connecting rod 10, fuel supply system 11, intake system 12, and exhaust system 13 constitute. The torque output mechanism composed of piston 2, push rod 3, swing rod 4, overrunning clutch 5 and power output shaft 6 together with the crank linkage mechanism composed of connecting rod 10 and crank 9 constitute the composite kinematic mechanism of the engine. A fuel supply system 11, an intake system 12, and an exhaust system 13 are arranged on the top of the cylinder 1. The piston 2 is arranged in the cylinder 1. One end of the push rod 3 is hinged on the piston 2, and the other end of the push rod 3 is connected to the swing rod 4. One end of the connecting rod 4 is hinged, the other end of the swing rod 4 is fixed on the overrunning clutch 5, the overrunning clutch 5 is set on the power output shaft 6, and has the same rotation axis O; one end of the connecting rod 10 is hinged on the push rod 3 and the swing rod 4 On the hinge point B, the other end of the connecting rod 10 is hinged with the crank 9, and the crankshaft 7 is fixed with the energy storage flywheel 8.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Obviously, the above-mentioned various modifications and changes are also included in the claims of the present invention.

One of the specific implementation examples of the present invention is shown in Figure 2, which is applied to a four-stroke diesel engine. The engine is composed of cylinder 1, piston 2, push rod 3, swing rod 4, overrunning clutch 5, power output shaft 6, energy storage flywheel 8, crank 9, connecting rod 10, fuel supply system 11, intake system 12, exhaust System 13 etc. constitute. The torque output mechanism composed of piston 2, push rod 3, swing rod 4, overrunning clutch 5 and power output shaft 6, together with the crank linkage mechanism composed of connecting rod 10 and crank 9 constitute the compound kinematic mechanism of the engine; the push rod One end of 3 is hinged on the piston 2, the other end is hinged with the swing rod 4, the other end of the swing rod 4 is fixed on the overrunning clutch 5, and the overrunning clutch 5 is connected with the power output shaft 6; Any point is hinged, the other end of the connecting rod 10 is hinged with the crank 9, and the crankshaft 7 is fixed with the energy storage flywheel 8.

The second embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 3, which is applied to a four-stroke diesel engine. The engine is composed of cylinder 1, piston 2, push rod 3, swing rod 4, overrunning clutch 5, power output shaft 6, crank 9, connecting rod 10, fuel supply and ignition system 11, intake system 12, exhaust system 13, etc. constitute. It is characterized in that: the torque output mechanism composed of piston 2, push rod 3, swing rod 4, overrunning clutch 5 and power output shaft 6 together with the crank linkage mechanism composed of connecting rod 10 and crank 9 constitute the compound movement of the engine Mechanism; The difference with the embodiment is that one end of the connecting rod 10 is hinged with any point on the push rod 3, the other end of the connecting rod 10 is hinged with the crank 9, and the crankshaft 7 is fixed with the energy storage flywheel 8.

The third embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 4, which is applied to a four-stroke diesel engine. The motion mechanism of the engine is based on the traditional crank-link mechanism composed of piston 2, connecting rod 10 and crank 9, and additionally composed of piston 2, push rod 3, swing rod 4, overrunning clutch 5 and power output shaft 6. torque output mechanism. It is characterized in that one end of the push rod 3 is hinged on the piston 2, the other end is hinged on one end of the swing rod 4, the other end of the swing rod 4 is fixed on the overrunning clutch 5, and the overrunning clutch 5 is connected with the power output shaft 6; the connecting rod 10 One end of the push rod 3 coincides with the hinge point A of the piston 2 and is hinged, and the other end is hinged with the crank 9, and the crank shaft 7 is fixed with the energy storage flywheel 8.

Its working principle is to use the explosive force when the fuel burns to push the piston 2 to move downward from the top dead center. The thrust of the piston 2 is divided into two parts, most of which transmit the force of the piston 2 to the swing rod 4 through the push rod 3 One end of the shaft drives the pendulum 4 to swing around the power output shaft O, and the torque and movement are transmitted to the power output shaft 6 through the overrunning clutch 5, and the power output is output by the power output shaft 6. In order to give full play to the thrust of the piston and increase the torque output of the power output shaft, the hinge point A of the push rod 3 and the piston 2 is arranged on the axis of the piston 2, and the hinge point B of the push rod 3 and the swing rod 4 is arranged on the piston 2 Near the axis of the piston 2, during the working process, the push rod 3 swings around the hinge point A with the piston 2 on both sides of the axis of the piston 2, and the middle position of the swing rod 4 is perpendicular to the axis of the piston 2, and the length of the swing rod 4 is longer than that of the crank 9, the torque obtained by the power output shaft 6 is equal to the product of the force of the push rod 3 and its force equal to the moment arm of the power output shaft center O, and, during the movement of the piston from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, the force The variation range of the moment arm of the crank-link mechanism is much smaller than that of the crank linkage mechanism, so a larger and more uniform torque output can be obtained. Another small part of the downward thrust of the piston 2 is transmitted by the push rod 3, and the crank 9 is driven to rotate through the connecting rod 10, so that the energy storage flywheel 8 fixed to the crank shaft rotates; in the non-working stroke, the inertia of the energy storage flywheel 8 is used Force, the crank-connecting rod mechanism drives the piston to move through the push rod 3 to perform exhaust, suction and compression strokes to complete a working cycle.

In the non-working stroke of the engine, the piston 2 moves up and down through the push rod 3 to drive the swing rod 4 to swing at the same time. At this time, due to the effect of the overrunning clutch 5, when the swing rod 4 moves upward, the power output shaft 6 does not move with it, so the power The motion output of the output shaft 6 has only one direction. For most 4-stroke engines, 4 cylinders are used, and the power strokes are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the continuous and uninterrupted rotation of the power output shaft 6 can be realized, and the power output can be realized at the same time.

The preferred parameters of each component in this embodiment are: crank length 40mm, piston stroke 80mm, connecting rod length 160mm, push rod length 100mm, swing rod radius 160mm. When the piston travels one stroke, the maximum swing angle of the swing rod is about 30°, the maximum torque value output by the power output shaft is about 16 times higher than that output by the traditional crankshaft, and the change rate of the force arm of the push rod is about 5%.

It can be seen that the engine adopting the technical solution of the present invention can solve the dead point problem of the crank-connecting rod engine, give full play to the efficiency of the maximum force of the piston when the fuel burns and explodes, realize the high-efficiency and high-torque output of the engine, and greatly improve the engine's performance. The fuel utilization rate and the working efficiency of the engine play a very important role in reducing the fuel consumption of the engine.

Claims (4)

1. piston-type efficient large-torque output engine, comprise cylinder (1), piston (2), crank (9), connecting rod (10), fuel delivery and ignition system (11), gas handling system (12), vent systems (13), it is characterized in that, also comprise push rod (3), fork (4), free wheel device (5) and pto＝power take-off (6), by cylinder (1), piston (2), push rod (3), fork (4), the moment of torsion output mechanism that free wheel device (5) and pto＝power take-off (6) form, this moment of torsion output mechanism has consisted of the composite sport mechanism of motor with the connecting rod that is comprised of connecting rod (10) and crank (9), piston (2) is configured in the cylinder (1), one end of push rod (3) is hinged on the piston (2), one end of the other end of push rod (3) and fork (4) is hinged, the other end of fork (4) and free wheel device (5) are fixing, free wheel device (5) is sleeved on the pto＝power take-off (6), and same revolution axle center O is arranged, one end of connecting rod (10) is articulated on push rod (3) and fork (4) articulating point, the other end of connecting rod (10) and crank (9) are hinged, and accumulated energy flywheel (8) is fixedly connected on the crankshaft (7); Push rod (3) is configured on the axis of piston (2) with the articulating point of piston (2), the articulating point of push rod (3) and fork (4) is configured in the near axis of piston (2), push rod (3) is rolled to each side at the axis of piston (2) around itself and piston (2) articulating point, the neutral position that fork (4) swings and the axis arranged perpendicular of piston (2), the length of fork (4) is greater than the length of crank (9); The length of connecting rod (10) is greater than the length of 2 times crank (9), and the length of the length of connecting rod (10), crank (9) and the length sum of fork (4) are greater than the distance of crank shaft core to fork (4) swinging center O.

2. piston-type efficient large-torque output engine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that an end of connecting rod (10) is articulated in any point on the fork (4), and the other end of connecting rod (10) and crank (9) are hinged.

3. piston-type efficient large-torque output engine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that an end of connecting rod (10) is articulated in any point on the push rod (3), and the other end of connecting rod (10) and crank (9) are hinged.

4. piston-type efficient large-torque output engine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, one end of connecting rod (10) is articulated on push rod (3) and piston (2) articulating point, and the other end of connecting rod (10) and crank (9) are hinged.

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