CN101827052A - Method and device for time synchronization and frequency synchronization of LTE system - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种LTE系统时间同步和频率同步的方法和装置，包括用于对基带数字信号进行延时一个OFDM时间归一化自相关的归一化自相关单元，根据所述归一化自相关单元产生的峰值相位进行分数频偏估计并且对所述基带数字信号进行分数频偏的校正的分数频偏自动控制单元，经过分数频偏的校正的基带数字信号与预置整数频偏的本地主同步信号进行归一化互相关的主同步信号互相关单元，根据所述归一化互相关的值进行时间同步的时间同步单元，和根据所述归一化互相关的值进行整数频偏估计，对经过分数频偏校正的基带数字信号进行整数频偏校正的整数频偏校正单元，从而实现LTE系统时间同步和频率同步。
The present invention provides a method and device for LTE system time synchronization and frequency synchronization, including a normalized autocorrelation unit for delaying a baseband digital signal by one OFDM time normalized autocorrelation, according to the normalized autocorrelation The peak phase generated by the correlation unit performs fractional frequency offset estimation and the fractional frequency offset automatic control unit that corrects the fractional frequency offset for the baseband digital signal, the baseband digital signal that has undergone fractional frequency offset correction and the local a main synchronization signal cross-correlation unit for performing normalized cross-correlation on the main synchronization signal, a time synchronization unit for performing time synchronization according to the value of the normalized cross-correlation, and an integer frequency offset according to the value of the normalized cross-correlation It is estimated that the integer frequency offset correction unit performs integer frequency offset correction on the baseband digital signal after fractional frequency offset correction, so as to realize LTE system time synchronization and frequency synchronization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, more specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of LTE of being used for system time synchronously and the method and the device of Frequency Synchronization.
Background technology
Along with the development and progress of society, people require portable terminal that the voice and the text service of high-quality not only can be provided, and two-forty, big capacity and the low digital multimedia application service that postpones can also be provided.In order to satisfy this growing demand of people, the end of the year 2004, third generation partner program (3GPP, 3rd Generation Partnership Project) has begun Long Term Evolution (LTE, the Long Term Evolution) project of universal mobile telecommunications system technology.
LTE standard core technology is OFDM (OFDM) technology, and this technology has advantages such as spectral efficient, peak value speed, high mobility and low delay.What the OFDM technology adopted is the frequency domain modulation mode, and the baseband digital signal that receives is at first needed to carry out time synchronized, can determine FFT (fast Fourier transform) window, thereby carry out the FFT conversion, and time domain data is transformed to the processing that frequency domain carries out data.What LTE adopted is mutually orthogonal subcarrier technology, can improve spectrum efficiency, yet it is relatively more responsive to frequency shift (FS).So time synchronized and Frequency Synchronization become the key factor that influences the LTE systematic function.
The time synchronized and the Frequency Synchronization technology of the existing LTE of being used for system mainly are divided into two kinds, auto-correlation and cross-correlation.Auto-correlation mainly be utilize Cyclic Prefix (Cycle Prefix, CP) and the repeatability of initial data carry out, utilize autocorrelative peak value to carry out time synchronized, the phase place of peak value is carried out Frequency Synchronization.Autocorrelation technique is merely able to estimate the frequency shift (FS) in the subcarrier spacing, and in addition because CP is shorter, than under the overall situation, the auto-correlation peak value on some OFDM symbol is not obvious, no longer is fit to time synchronized in Doppler and noise jamming.Cross-correlation technique mainly utilizes the signal of reception and local master sync signal to carry out, and utilizes cross-correlation peak value to carry out time synchronized.Master sync signal first half and the local master sync signal first half conjugate multiplication that receives added up, the master sync signal latter half and the local master sync signal latter half conjugate multiplication that receive add up, and utilize the phase difference of two conjugate multiplication accumulated values to carry out Frequency Synchronization.When cross-correlation technique surpassed a subcarrier in frequency shift (FS), cross-correlation peak value disappeared, and can't realize time and Frequency Synchronization; And the scope of Frequency Synchronization is less, is merely able to estimate the scope of a subcarrier, and the precision of Frequency Synchronization is also lower.In sum, bigger Doppler and noise jamming, and exist under the integer frequency deviation situation, prior art lacks the method that can effectively realize LTE system time and Frequency Synchronization.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming above-mentioned defective, the invention provides the time synchronized of a kind of LTE of being used for system and the method and the device of Frequency Synchronization.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of LTE system time synchronously and the method for Frequency Synchronization, comprising:
Step 10), with the baseband digital signal OFDM symbol normalized autocorrelation of delaying time, the peak phase based on normalized autocorrelation produces carries out the mark frequency offset estimating;
Step 20), according to described mark frequency offset estimating baseband digital signal is carried out the mark frequency offset correction;
Step 30), the baseband digital signal with the mark frequency offset correction carries out normalized crosscorrelation with the local master sync signal that presets the integer subcarrier frequency offset;
Step 40), estimate, the baseband digital signal of described mark frequency offset correction is carried out integer frequency bias proofread and correct, realize the time synchronized and the Frequency Synchronization of LTE system carry out time synchronized and integer frequency bias by the data of described normalized crosscorrelation gained.
Wherein, step 30) also comprise: will carry out digital low-pass filtering through the baseband digital signal of mark frequency offset correction, and wherein, keep the data near 62 subcarriers of DC component, the data on other subcarriers of filtering.
Wherein, step 30) also comprises: will carry out down-sampling through the baseband digital signal of mark frequency offset correction, sample rate is arranged to 1/32,1/16,1/8 or 1/4, be symbol of per 32,16,8 or 4 symbols sampling, the pass band width of described low-pass filtering and sample rate have such relation: w
Pass/ 30.72Hz＜γ
s, w
PassBe the pass band width of low-pass filtering, γ
sIt is sample rate.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of LTE system time synchronously and the device of Frequency Synchronization,
The normalized autocorrelation unit is used for the baseband digital signal OFDM time normalization auto-correlation of delaying time;
Mark frequency deviation automatic control unit, the peak phase that produces according to described normalized autocorrelation unit carries out the mark frequency offset estimating, then described baseband digital signal is carried out the correction of mark frequency deviation;
The master sync signal cross-correlation unit, the baseband digital signal of the correction of process mark frequency deviation carries out normalized crosscorrelation with the local master sync signal that presets integer frequency bias;
The time synchronized unit carries out time synchronized according to the value of described normalized crosscorrelation;
The integer frequency bias correcting unit carries out integer frequency bias according to the value of described normalized crosscorrelation and estimates, the baseband digital signal through the mark frequency offset correction is carried out integer frequency bias proofread and correct, and realizes the synchronous and Frequency Synchronization of LTE system time.
Described device also comprises: the digital low-pass filtering unit, carry out low-pass filtering to the baseband digital signal through described mark frequency offset correction; And downsampling unit, the signal through low-pass filtering is carried out down-sampling.
By using the present invention, make big in Doppler and noise jamming and have that the LTE system also can operate as normal under the integer frequency deviation situation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the frame structure schematic diagram of FDD radio frames in the LTE system;
Fig. 2 is the frame structure schematic diagram of TDD radio frames in the LTE system;
Fig. 3 is that the present invention is used for the time synchronized of LTE system and the flow chart of frequency synchronization method;
Fig. 4 is the device schematic diagram that the present invention is used for the time synchronized and the Frequency Synchronization of LTE system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the time synchronized of the proposed by the invention a kind of LTE of being used for system and the method and apparatus of Frequency Synchronization are described in detail.
The invention provides the time synchronized of a kind of LTE of being used for system and the method and the device of Frequency Synchronization, basic principle is to utilize the repeatability of CP and initial data to carry out auto-correlation earlier, the frequency shift (FS) of estimated score subcarrier spacing (mark frequency deviation), carry out the mark frequency offset correction then to received signal, utilize received signal and local master sync signal (having preset the integer subcarrier frequency offset) to carry out cross-correlation again, realize the estimation of time synchronized and integer subcarrier frequency offset (integer frequency bias) through the mark frequency offset correction.
The present invention for the LTE system time synchronously and Frequency Synchronization inseparable with the feature of the frame structure of LTE standard, understand for convenience, before and Frequency Synchronization synchronous to the LTE system time are described, at first the feature of FDD frame structure in the LTE standard and tdd frame structure is carried out brief description.
In 3GPP TS 36.211 " Physical Channels and Modulation ", defined the frame structure of FDD and TDD in the current LTE standard.Though FDD is different duplex modes with TDD, frame structure has a lot of something in common, and wherein, a radio frames time domain comprises 20 time slots apart from 10 milliseconds, and each time slot is 0.5 millisecond on time domain.When using regular circulation prefix (CP), each time slot comprises 7 OFDM symbols, when using extended cyclic prefix, comprises 6 OFDM symbols.The Cyclic Prefix that is comprised in the time slot (conventional CP or expansion CP) plays the effect of separating useful data, avoids the phase mutual interference between adjacent useful data, can effectively resist the influence of multipath.When specific implementation, cyclic prefix CP is duplicating of initial data last part data.Method of the present invention and device all are suitable in the LTE system with FDD frame structure and tdd frame structure.
Below Fig. 1, Fig. 2 in provided the related description of FDD frame, tdd frame structure.
Fig. 1 illustrates the frame structure of FDD, and wherein, abscissa is represented the time, ordinate represents frequency, and master sync signal is positioned at time slot 0 and time slot 10, and is arranged on last OFDM symbol of these time slots.Subsynchronous signal is positioned at time slot 0 and time slot 10, and is arranged on the penult OFDM symbol of these time slots.The sequence number that Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) is arranged in time slot 1 is on 0,1,2,3 the OFDM symbol.On frequency domain, aforesaid master sync signal, subsynchronous signal, PBCH are positioned near 72 subcarriers of DC component.
Fig. 2 illustrates the frame structure of TDD, and is same, and abscissa is represented the time, ordinate represents frequency.Master sync signal is positioned at time slot 2 and time slot 12, and to be arranged in these time slot sequence numbers be on 2 the OFDM symbol.Subsynchronous signal is positioned at time slot 1 and time slot 11, and is arranged on last the OFDM symbol of these time slots.PBCH is positioned at time slot 1, and to be arranged in these time slot sequence numbers be on 0,1,2,3 the OFDM symbol.On frequency domain, master sync signal, subsynchronous signal, PBCH are positioned near 72 subcarriers of DC component.
As can be seen, the initial data of the CP and the OFDM symbol of being separated by has repeatability from the description of above-mentioned FDD frame structure and tdd frame structure, and master sync signal only is positioned near 72 subcarriers of DC component.
Fig. 3 illustrates a kind of LTE of realization system time synchronously and the method for Frequency Synchronization, with reference to the accompanying drawings, below with the flow process of process in detail.
In step 301, the baseband digital signal that receives (30.72Hz) the OFDM symbol normalized autocorrelation of delaying time.In one embodiment, the time-delay normalized autocorrelation can adopt formula ε (n)=ξ (n)/ρ (n) to calculate, wherein
K is the time domain sequence number, and r (k) is the time domain data of baseband digital signal, and L is the length that accumulator adds up, and can be set to 144 or other numerical value, and M is that the sampling of an OFDM symbol is counted.In another embodiment, also provide the calculating of a kind of ξ (n) and ρ (n) low complex degree, calculating each point only needs two complex multiplications and two plural addition and subtractions respectively, and ξ (n) adopts recursion method to calculate, by formula
Can derive ξ (n+1)=ξ (n)-r (n) r
*(n+M)+r (n+L) r
*(n+L+M), in like manner ρ (n) also can use similar formula to calculate.Because CP is duplicating of initial data in the frame structure, so the OFDM symbol normalized autocorrelation of delaying time can produce a peak value every an OFDM symbol, the phase place of this peak value can be carried out the mark frequency offset estimating.
In step 302, the peak phase according to OFDM symbol normalized autocorrelation of step 301 baseband digital signal time-delay produces carries out the mark frequency offset estimating.In one embodiment, use formula
Carry out the mark frequency offset estimating, wherein
Be described peak phase,
In another embodiment, adopt formula
Estimate the phase deviation of each sample point, φ is corresponding to the phase deviation of each sample point of mark frequency deviation (fractional phase skew).Can average by a plurality of OFDM symbols, be used to significantly improve the estimated accuracy of mark frequency deviation.
In step 303, baseband digital signal is carried out the mark frequency offset correction according to the mark frequency offset estimating of step 302.In one embodiment, use formula R (n)=r (n) e
-jn φCarry out the mark frequency offset correction, wherein r (n) is the baseband digital signal that receives, and φ is the fractional phase skew that estimates, and R (n) is the baseband digital signal through the mark frequency offset correction.
In step 304, the baseband digital signal through step 303 mid-score frequency offset correction is carried out digital low-pass filtering.Master sync signal, subsynchronous signal all are positioned near 72 subcarriers of DC component, carry out low-pass filtering and can not impact master sync signal and subsynchronous signal.In one embodiment, digital low-pass filtering can keep the data near 62 subcarriers of DC component, the data on other subcarriers of filtering.In another embodiment, low-pass filtering also can be arranged near 72 subcarriers DC component to passband.
In step 305, carrying out down-sampling through the data of step 304 digital low-pass filtering.Wherein, sample rate is arranged to 1/32, and symbol of just per 32 symbols sampling also can adopt other sample rates in addition, such as 1/16,1/8, and 1/4 etc.Because master sync signal and subsynchronous signal all are positioned near 72 subcarriers of DC component, behind low-pass filtering and down-sampling, master sync signal frequency spectrum and subsynchronous signal spectrum can aliasings.Usually, the pass band width of low-pass filtering and sample rate can have such relation: w
Pass/ 30.72Hz＜γ
s, w
PassBe the pass band width of low-pass filtering, γ
sBe sample rate, be used for guaranteeing that frequency domain data does not have aliasing.Through down-sampling, the complexity of follow-up realization can reduce significantly.
In step 306, the baseband digital signal through step 305 down-sampling is carried out normalized crosscorrelation with the local master sync signal that presets the integer subcarrier frequency offset.The generation of local master sync signal is as follows: produce this landlord synchronous time domain sequence signal, this landlord synchronous time domain sequence signal pss according to sequence number in the cell set and the integer frequency bias that presets
K, m(n), n=0,1,2 ..., N-1 represents that wherein k represents sequence number in the cell set, value 0,1,2, and wherein m represents the integer frequency bias that presets.In one embodiment, m can value-1,0,1, and wherein n represents the sequence number of time domain sequences, and on behalf of the sampling of OFDM symbol, N count.For simplicity of exposition, use pss
K, mRepresent pss
K, m(n), n=0,1,2 ..., N-1.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that according to sequence number in the cell set and be easy to construct this landlord synchronous time domain sequence pss that does not preset integer frequency bias
K, 0, and then by formula pss
K, m(n)=pss
K, 0(n) e
I2 π n/N, n=0,1,2 ..., N-1 is easy to construct the local master sync signal that presets integer frequency bias, can construct this landlord synchronizing sequence pss arbitrarily by above method
K, mIn one embodiment, construct 9 this landlord synchronizing sequence pss
0 ,-1, pss
0,0, pss
0,1, pss
1 ,-1, pss
1,0, pss
1,1, pss
2-1, pss
2,0, pss
2,1, can certainly construct more than or be less than this landlord synchronizing sequence of 9.
Carrying out normalized crosscorrelation, normalized crosscorrelation data C through the baseband digital signal of down-sampling and 9 local master sync signals
K, mExpression, use following formula to calculate:
Wherein g (i) representative is through the baseband digital signal of down-sampling, and * represents conjugate operation.
In another embodiment, step 304 and 305 can be omitted in the method for the invention, though can be increased in the complexity of step 306 computing like this, can not influence the operation of method of the present invention.In the step 306 of this embodiment, baseband digital signal through step 303 mark frequency offset correction is carried out normalized crosscorrelation with the local master sync signal that presets the integer subcarrier frequency offset, concrete computing cross-correlation mode and the foregoing description are similar, repeat no more.
In addition, the one of ordinary skilled in the art can know thus, step 304 and 305 also can be selected respectively to use, that is to say, In yet another embodiment, in the step 306 of the inventive method, the baseband digital signal through step 304 low-pass filtering is carried out normalized crosscorrelation with the local master sync signal that presets the integer subcarrier frequency offset, concrete computing cross-correlation mode and the foregoing description are similar, repeat no more.
In step 307, use the data of normalized crosscorrelation in the step 306 to carry out time synchronized and integer frequency bias estimation.One thresholding Th is set, and this thresholding can be adjusted according to real system.Suppose C
K, m(n) be in the 10ms in 9 cross correlation values largest peaks and peak value surpass Th, n is exactly the position that master sync signal begins so, m is exactly the integer frequency bias of baseband signal, k is exactly a sequence number in the cell set.
In step 308, the baseband digital signal through step 303 mark frequency offset correction is carried out integer frequency bias proofread and correct, thus the time synchronized and the Frequency Synchronization of realization LTE system.
The corresponding above-mentioned time synchronized of LTE system and the method for Frequency Synchronization of being used for, Fig. 4 illustrates a kind of LTE of realization system time synchronously and the device of Frequency Synchronization.This device comprises normalized autocorrelation unit 401, mark frequency deviation automatic control unit 402, digital low-pass filtering unit 403, downsampling unit 404, master sync signal cross-correlation unit 405, time synchronized unit 406 and integer frequency bias correcting unit 407.Described normalized autocorrelation unit 401 is to the 30.72MHz baseband digital signal OFDM time normalization auto-correlation of delaying time.Described mark frequency deviation automatic control unit 402, the peak value that produces according to normalized autocorrelation unit 401 carries out the mark frequency offset estimating, then the 30.72MHz baseband digital signal is carried out the correction of mark frequency deviation.Described digital low-pass filtering unit 403 carries out low-pass filtering to the baseband digital signal through mark frequency deviation automatic control unit 402 mark frequency offset corrections.Described downsampling unit 404 is carried out down-sampling to the signal through digital low-pass filtering unit 403 low-pass filtering.Described master sync signal cross-correlation unit 405 is carried out normalized crosscorrelation to signal and local master sync signal (having preset integer frequency bias) through downsampling unit 404 down-samplings.Described time synchronized unit 406 carries out time synchronized according to the value of cross-correlation in the master sync signal cross-correlation unit 405.Described integer frequency bias correcting unit 407, carrying out integer frequency bias according to the value of cross-correlation in the master sync signal cross-correlation unit 405 estimates, proofread and correct carrying out integer frequency bias then through the baseband signal of mark frequency deviation automatic control unit 402 mark frequency offset corrections, output is carried out subsequent treatment not with the baseband signal of frequency deviation.Be used for the device embodiments of the time synchronized of LTE system and Frequency Synchronization and be used for the time synchronized of LTE system and the method for Frequency Synchronization is corresponding, no longer be described in detail at this.In like manner, digital low-pass filtering unit 403, downsampling unit 404 are not necessary in device of the present invention yet, can increase according to the needs of computation complexity or remove.
It should be noted that at last, above embodiment is only in order to describe technical scheme of the present invention rather than the present technique method is limited, the present invention can extend to other modification, variation, application and embodiment on using, and therefore thinks that all such modifications, variation, application, embodiment are in spirit of the present invention and teachings.
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| CN102413079A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-04-11 | 复旦大学 | Method for estimating initial fractional frequency offset of downlink of 3GPP-LTE system |
| CN102857961A (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2013-01-02 | 中国人民解放军总参谋部第五十七研究所 | Time difference measuring method for communication signals with frequency shift |
| CN103139126A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-05 | 上海无线通信研究中心 | Universal method for achieving transmit-receive synchronization of wireless communication testing platform |
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| CN103139126A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-05 | 上海无线通信研究中心 | Universal method for achieving transmit-receive synchronization of wireless communication testing platform |
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| CN102857961A (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2013-01-02 | 中国人民解放军总参谋部第五十七研究所 | Time difference measuring method for communication signals with frequency shift |
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| CN107113283A (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2017-08-29 | Jacoti有限公司 | The method that problematic pattern is handled in low latency multi-media streaming transmission environment |
| CN106941468A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2017-07-11 | 中国移动通信集团公司 | The frequency deviation estimating method and device of long evolving system |
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| CN108900453A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-27 | 上海晟矽微电子股份有限公司 | DC component acquisition device and method |
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| CN117118791A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-11-24 | 南京创芯慧联技术有限公司 | Frequency offset estimation method, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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