CN101784362A - Joining method - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for joining metal members by friction stirring the metal members with each other while providing a connecting member, which can improve the air-tightness and water-tightness of the metal members. A metal member (1) to be joined, which is formed by inserting a connecting member (U1) into a hollow portion formed by abutting end portions of a first metal member (1a) and a second metal member (1b), is friction stir joined by moving a rotary tool (G) on the metal member (1) to be joined, the friction stir joining method being characterized by comprising: a front side joining step of friction stirring the front side butting portion (J1) from the front side (A); a back side joining step of friction-stirring the back side butting portion (J2) from the back side (B); and a side surface side joining step of friction stirring the second metal side connection butt portion (J3) and the first metal side connection butt portion (J4) from the first side surface (C).

Description

Joining method

technical field

The present invention relates to a joining method of metal members utilizing friction stirring.

Background technique

Friction stir welding (FSW=Friction Stir Welding) is known as a method of joining metal members. In friction stir welding, a rotating tool is rotated and moved along the butt joint between metal members, and the metal at the joint is plasticized and flowed by the frictional heat of the rotating tool and the metal members, whereby the metal members are joined together in a solid state. In addition, generally speaking, in the rotary tool, a stirring pin (probe) is protruded from the lower end surface of the columnar shoulder.

Here, FIG. 42( a ) and FIG. 42( b ) are cross-sectional views of a conventional joining method of friction stir welding a pair of metal members. In the existing joining method, first, as shown in Figure 42(a) and Figure 42(b), the groove 100a cut at the end of the first metal member 100 and the groove 100a cut at the end of the second metal member 101 are The connecting member 103 is fitted in the hollow formed by the grooves 100a and 101a to form the metal member 104 to be joined. Then, friction stir welding is performed from the surface and back surface of the abutting portion 110 of the first metal member 100 and the second metal member 101 . Such a conventional bonding method is described in Document 1.

In addition, FIG. 43 shows a conventional joining method in which a connecting member is placed between a pair of metal members having stepped portions of different thicknesses and friction stir is performed stepwise. FIG. 43a shows before joining, and FIG. 43b shows after joining.

As shown in Fig. 43 (a) and Fig. 43 (b), include: the first metal member 210a and the second metal member 210b which have a step portion 202 thinner than the body portion 201 at the edge of the body portion 201 The step of butt jointing of the parts 202; the step part friction stirring step of friction stirring the butt part Jd between the step parts; A friction stir process is performed in which the joint portion Ja of the first metal member 210 a and the connection member U and the joint portion Jb of the second metal member 210 b and the connection member U are subjected to friction stirring. According to the above joining method, metal members can be suitably joined to each other by performing stepwise friction stirring even if the metal member has a large thickness. Such a conventional bonding method is described in Document 2.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 43b , in order to improve the airtightness and watertightness of the metal member, it is preferable to perform friction stirring on the abutting portion Jc between the lower surface of the connection member U and the bottom surface of the recess 203 . That is, the depth Wa of the plasticized region W formed in the above-mentioned friction stirring process is set to be larger than the thickness Ua of the connecting member U, and the rotary tool G is reciprocated multiple times to perform friction stirring on the entire surface of the abutting portion Jc. Thereby, the watertightness and airtightness of a metal member can be improved.

Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-167498

Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-358535

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention

However, in the conventional joining method shown in FIG. 42 , when the connecting member 103 is provided to join the ends of the first metal member 100 and the second metal member 101, since the first metal member 100 and the connecting member The butt portion 100b of 103 and the butt portion 101b of the second metal member 101 and the connection member 103 are exposed between the two sides of the metal member 104 to be joined, so there is a problem that the watertightness and airtightness of the metal member 104 to be joined are reduced.

On the other hand, in the conventional joining method shown in FIG. B(b), since the larger the bottom area of the connecting member U, the larger the movement distance of the rotary tool G, there is a problem of complicated work. In addition, when the thickness Ua of the connecting member U is greater than the depth Wa of the plasticized region W formed in the above-mentioned friction stir process, since an unplasticized region occurs at the butting portions Ja, Jb, and Jc, the metal member It is difficult to improve the watertightness and airtightness.

From such a viewpoint, an object of the present invention is to provide a joining method that provides a connection member and frictionally stirs metal members, thereby improving the airtightness and watertightness of the metal members.

Technical solutions adopted to solve technical problems

In the joining method of the present invention that solves this problem, for the joined member formed by inserting the connecting member into the hollow formed by the first metal member and the second metal member having grooves at the end portions butted against each other, the ends are joined together. A metal member for performing friction stir welding by moving a rotating tool on the metal member to be joined, characterized by including: A surface-side joining step of performing friction stirring; a back-side joining step of performing friction stirring from the back surface of the metal member to be joined to the abutting portion of the first metal member and the second metal member; The abutting portion of the second metal member, the abutting portion of the connection member and the first metal member, and the abutment portion of the connection member and the second metal member are side-side joined by friction stirring from the side surfaces of the metal members to be joined process.

According to the above joining method, friction stirring is performed on the surface and the back surface of the metal members to be joined, and the abutting portion of the first metal member and the second metal member exposing the side surfaces of the metal members to be joined, the connecting member and the second metal member are The butted part of the first metal member and the butted part of the connecting member and the second metal member perform friction stirring to seal the non-plasticized region. Thereby, the airtightness and watertightness of the metal members to be joined can be improved.

In addition, by inserting the connection member into the abutment portion of the first metal member and the second metal member, and performing friction stirring on the abutment portion of the connection member and the first metal member and the abutment portion of the connection member and the second metal member, the joint can be improved. strength of the department.

In addition, it is preferable to bring the plasticized region formed in the above-mentioned surface-side bonding step and the back-side bonding step into contact with the above-mentioned connection member. According to the above joining method, since the butt portion of the first metal member and the second metal member of the metal members to be joined is closed over the entire length, the quality of the product can be further improved.

In addition, in the above-mentioned side-side joining step, it is preferable that the plasticized region formed in the above-mentioned front-side joining step and the back-side joining step is friction-stirred by the rotating tool. According to the above bonding method, since the plasticized region formed in the side bonding step overlaps with the plasticized region formed in the front bonding step and the rear bonding step, product quality can be further improved.

In addition, in the present invention, for the metal member to be joined, it includes: a first metal member and a second metal member having grooves on their end faces; The connection member in the hollow part is formed by butting the sides, and the friction stir welding is performed by moving the rotating tool on the metal member to be joined, and it is characterized in that it includes: inserting the connection member into the groove of the first metal member. An insertion process; a first formal joining process of performing friction stirring from the side of the first metal member to the butt joint between the first metal member and the connection member; A side surface of one side of the metal member, a second insertion process of inserting the connecting member into the groove of the second metal member; , the second formal bonding process of performing friction stirring from the surface and back of the metal member to be joined; for the butt joint portion of the first metal member and the second metal member and the butt joint portion of the second metal member and the connecting member, from a third main joining process of performing friction stirring on the end surface of the second metal member; Formal bonding process.

According to the above joining method, friction stirring is performed on the surface and the back surface of the metal members to be joined, and the abutting portion of the first metal member and the second metal member exposing the side surfaces of the metal members to be joined, the connecting member and the second metal member are The butted part of the first metal member and the butted part of the connecting member and the second metal member perform friction stirring to seal the non-plasticized region. Thereby, the airtightness and watertightness of the metal members to be joined can be improved.

In addition, by inserting the connecting member into the abutting portion of the first metal member and the second metal member, and performing friction stirring on the abutting portion of the connecting member and the first metal member and the abutting portion of the connecting member and the second metal member, thereby improving The strength of the joint.

In addition, in the present invention, for the metal member to be joined, it includes: a first metal member and a second metal member having grooves on their end faces; The connection member in the hollow part formed by butting the sides, and the rotating tool is moved on the metal member to be joined to perform friction stir welding is characterized by including: inserting the connection member into the groove of the second metal member The third insertion process; the fourth formal joining process of performing friction stirring on the butt joint between the second metal member and the connecting member from the side surface on the other side of the second metal member; The third formal bonding process of performing friction stirring from the end surface of the second metal member to the butt joint of the two metal members and the butt joint between the second metal member and the connecting member; The side of one side of the second metal member, the fourth insertion process of inserting the connecting member into the above-mentioned groove of the first metal member; The butt part, the second main joining process of performing friction stirring from the surface and the back of the metal member to be joined; The first formal bonding process.

According to the above joining method, friction stirring is performed on the surface and the back surface of the metal members to be joined, and the abutting portion of the first metal member and the second metal member that expose the side surfaces of the metal members to be joined, the connecting member and the first metal member are The butted portion of the metal member and the butted portion of the connecting member and the second metal member perform friction stirring to close the non-plasticized region. Thereby, the airtightness and watertightness between the both side surfaces of the metal member to be joined can be improved.

In addition, by inserting the connecting member into the abutting portion of the first metal member and the second metal member, and performing friction stirring on the abutting portion of the connecting member and the first metal member and the abutting portion of the connecting member and the second metal member, thereby improving The strength of the joint.

In addition, in the present invention, it is preferable to overlap the plasticized region formed in the first final joining step with the plasticized region formed in the second final joining step so that the plasticized region formed in the second final joining step The formed plasticized region overlaps with the plasticized region formed in the above-mentioned third final bonding process, and the plasticized region formed in the above-mentioned third final bonding process is overlapped with the plasticized region formed in the above-mentioned fourth final bonding process. The plasticized regions overlap.

According to the joining method described above, since the plasticized regions formed in the respective joining steps are overlapped to close the butt joint, the quality of the product can be further improved.

In addition, in the present invention, for the metal member to be joined, it includes: a first metal member, a second metal member and a third metal member having a groove on the end surface; and a connecting member inserted into the groove, and the first metal member member and the third metal member are inserted into both sides of the connecting member, and the second metal member is inserted between the first metal member and the third metal member to form a T-shaped joined metal member in a plan view direction, The friction stir welding is carried out by moving a rotating tool on the metal member to be joined, including: a fifth insertion step of inserting the first metal member and the third metal member into both sides of the connecting member; The fifth formal joining process of friction stirring the butt joint between the first metal member and the above-mentioned connection member and the abutment portion between the above-mentioned third metal member and the above-mentioned connection member is carried out from the side surface of one side of the above-mentioned connection member; the above-mentioned second metal member The sixth insertion process of inserting the above-mentioned connection member; the butt joint between the end surface of the first metal member and the side surface of one side of the second metal member, the butt joint between the second metal member and the connection member, the third metal The butt joint of the end surface of the member and the side surface of the other side of the second metal member, the sixth formal joining process of performing friction stirring from the end surface of the second metal member; and the end surface of the first metal member and the second metal member The abutting portion of one side of the metal member is friction-stirred from the surface and the back surface of the metal member to be joined, and the abutting portion of the end face of the third metal member and the other side of the second metal member, A seventh main joining step of performing friction stirring from the front and back surfaces of the metal members to be joined.

According to the above-mentioned joining method, even if the metal members to be joined are formed into a T-shape in the plan view by inserting the first metal member, the second metal member, the third metal member, and the connecting member, by butting the exposed side surfaces of the metal members to be joined Part of the friction stir can improve the watertightness and airtightness of the metal components to be joined. In addition, the connection member is provided, and the strength of the joint portion can be increased by friction stirring the abutting portion of the connection member and each metal member.

In addition, in the present invention, it is preferable that the plasticized region formed in the above-mentioned fifth final joining step overlaps with the plasticized region formed in the sixth final joining step, and that the plasticized region formed in the sixth final joining step The plasticized region formed in and overlaps with the plasticized region formed in the seventh main bonding step.

According to the joining method described above, since the plasticized regions formed in the respective joining steps are overlapped to close the butt joint, the quality of the product can be further improved.

In addition, in the present invention, the friction stir welding is performed by moving a rotating tool to a butt joint between two metal members and a joint member provided between the metal members and a joint member between the metal members, wherein Including: a butt joint process of forming a concave part between the above-mentioned main body parts by making the above-mentioned step parts of the two metal members having a step part thinner than the above-mentioned main part at the end of the main body part butt; Part, the first stepped part of the first step part that is friction-stirred from either side of the surface and the back is formally joined; the above-mentioned connection member is inserted into the above-mentioned concave part, and the above-mentioned connection member is docked on the above-mentioned two main body parts; The first surface formal bonding process of performing friction stirring from the surface of the butt joint portion of the above-mentioned body portion of the member and the above-mentioned connection member; performing friction stir on the butt joint portion of the above-mentioned body portion of the other metal member and the above-mentioned connection member from the surface The second surface formal bonding process; and the side formal bonding process of friction stirring the butt joint portion of one of the above-mentioned metal members and the above-mentioned connection member and the butt joint portion of the other above-mentioned metal member and the above-mentioned connection member from the side, so that in the above-mentioned first The plasticized regions formed in the step part main bonding process and the above-mentioned side surface main bonding process are overlapped, the plasticized regions formed in the above-mentioned first surface main bonding process and the above-mentioned side full bonding process are overlapped, and the plasticized regions formed in the above-mentioned second surface main bonding process are overlapped. The plasticized regions formed in the surface main joining process and the above-mentioned side main joining process overlap.

According to the joining method described above, friction stirring is performed from the side of the butted portion where the side surface of the metal member is exposed, and the butted portion can be closed by overlapping the plasticized regions formed in each main joining process. Thereby, the airtightness and watertightness of the metal members to be joined can be improved.

In addition, in the present invention, it is preferable to further include a second step part main joining step of performing friction stirring on the abutting part of the above-mentioned step parts from any other side of the front surface and the back side, so that the first step part is formally joined. This step overlaps with the plasticized region formed in the above-mentioned second stepped portion main joining step.

According to the joining method described above, since the friction stirring is performed over the entire length in the depth direction of the butted portion between the stepped portions, the butted portion can be reliably closed.

Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable to perform friction stirring over the whole length of the butt part of said step part in the said side main joining process.

According to the joining method described above, in the main side joining process, more reliable sealing can be achieved by friction stirring the unplasticized region of the abutting portion between the stepped portions.

In addition, in the present invention, in the plasticized region formed in the first surface final bonding process and the second surface final bonding process, tunnel-shaped cavity defects communicating from one side surface to the other side surface In the case of forming the above-mentioned metal member on one side and the above-mentioned metal member on the other side, it is preferable to set the start position of the above-mentioned side surface main joining process in the above-mentioned side main joining process so that when the above-mentioned rotary tool is rotated clockwise, , the above-mentioned connecting member is located on the left side of its advancing direction, and the starting position of the above-mentioned side surface formal bonding process is set so that when the above-mentioned rotary tool is rotated to the left, the above-mentioned connecting member is located on the right side of its advancing direction.

Here, in the first surface final bonding process and the second surface final bonding process, when the rotary tool is rotated to the right, a tunnel-shaped cavity defect that communicates between the two sides may be formed on the left side of the traveling direction. When rotating to the left, a tunnel-like hollow defect connecting the two sides may be formed on the right side of the traveling direction. The above-mentioned void defect is a main cause of deterioration of the airtightness and watertightness of the metal member.

However, according to the bonding method of the present invention, by setting the rotation direction and starting position of the rotary tool in the side surface main bonding process according to the position where the tunnel-shaped cavity defect is formed, the tunnel-shaped cavity defect can be closed appropriately.

In addition, in the present invention, in the plasticized region formed in the first surface final bonding process and the second surface final bonding process, tunnel-shaped cavity defects communicating from one side surface to the other side surface In the case of forming only the above-mentioned connection member, it is preferable to set the start position of the above-mentioned side surface main bonding process so that when the above-mentioned rotary tool is rotated to the right, the above-mentioned connection member is located on the right side of the direction of travel, and the above-mentioned side surface is set to the right side. The starting position of the main joining process is such that when the above-mentioned rotary tool is rotated to the left, the above-mentioned connecting member is located on the left side of the traveling direction thereof.

According to the above bonding method, by setting the rotation direction and starting position of the rotary tool in the side surface main bonding process according to the position where the tunnel-shaped cavity defect is formed, the tunnel-shaped cavity defect can be appropriately closed.

Invention effect

According to the joining method of the present invention, when the connecting member is provided and metal members are friction stirred, the airtightness and watertightness of the metal members can be improved.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a joining method according to Embodiment 1. FIG.

Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a docking step of the first embodiment, Fig. 2a is a perspective view, and Fig. 2b is a side view.

Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a protruding member disposing step of Embodiment 1, Fig. 3a is a perspective view, and Fig. 3b is a plan view of Fig. 3a.

Fig. 4a is a sectional view taken along line I-I of Fig. 3b, and Fig. 4b is a sectional view taken along line II-II of Fig. 3b.

Fig. 5 is a view showing a rotary tool according to Embodiment 1, Fig. 5a is a side view of the small rotary tool, and Fig. 5b is a side view of the large rotary tool.

Fig. 6 is a view showing the use state of the small rotary tool according to the first embodiment, Fig. 6a is a view of the small rotary tool in contact with the first protrusion, and Fig. 6b is a view of the small rotary tool being pressed into the first protrusion.

7 is a plan view showing a first protruding member joining step, a provisional joining step, and a second protruding member joining step in the first preliminary step of Embodiment 1. FIG.

8 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of the arrow III-III of FIG. 7 in the surface side bonding process of Embodiment 1, FIG. 8a is a diagram showing friction stir welding at the starting position, and FIG. 8b is a diagram showing friction stir welding at the middle part, Fig. 8c is a diagram showing friction stir welding at the end position.

Fig. 9a is a cross-sectional view from the surface side abutting portion J1 toward the first metal member 1a after the metal member setting step in the second preparatory step of the first embodiment, and Fig. 9b is a sectional view showing the second preparatory step of the first embodiment. A plan view of the second protruding material joining process, the provisional joining process, and the first protruding material joining process.

10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 9b showing the rear side bonding process of Embodiment 1, FIG. 10a is a view showing friction stir welding at a starting position, and FIG. 10b is a view showing friction stir welding at an intermediate portion.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a state in which a protruding member is cut off after the back side bonding step in Embodiment 1. FIG.

Fig. 12 is a diagram showing a first side bonding step of Embodiment 1, Fig. 12a is a top view of the first half, and Fig. 12b is a top view of the second half.

FIG. 13 is an overall perspective view of a bonding method according to Embodiment 3. FIG.

Fig. 14 is an exploded perspective view of a metal member to be joined according to a third embodiment.

15a to 15c are perspective views showing the metal members to be joined according to Embodiment 3 from three directions.

Fig. 16 is a diagram showing Embodiment 3, Fig. 16a is a perspective view of a first insertion step, and Fig. 16b is a plan view of a first final joining step.

Fig. 17 is a perspective view of a second insertion step of the third embodiment.

Fig. 18 is a diagram showing a second final bonding step of Embodiment 3, wherein Fig. 18a is a plan view, and Fig. 18b is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V in Fig. 18a.

FIG. 19 is a plan view of a third main bonding step of Embodiment 3. FIG.

FIG. 20 is a plan view of a fourth main bonding step of Embodiment 3. FIG.

Fig. 21 is a perspective view of an example of friction stirring of an inner corner according to the third embodiment.

Fig. 22 is a diagram showing Embodiment 4, Fig. 22a is a perspective view of a third insertion step, and Fig. 22b is a plan view of a fourth final joining step.

Fig. 23 is a diagram showing Embodiment 4, Fig. 23a is a side view of a fourth insertion step, and Fig. 23b is a plan view of a third final joining step.

Fig. 24 is a diagram showing Embodiment 4, Fig. 24a is a plan view of the second main bonding step, and Fig. 24b is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of Fig. 24a.

25 is a view showing the first final joining process of Embodiment 4. FIG. 25a shows the first connecting mating portion joining process, FIG. 25b shows the inner corner joining process, and FIG. 25c shows the second connecting mating portion joining process.

Fig. 26 is a diagram showing a bonding method according to Embodiment 5, Fig. 26a is an overall perspective view, and Fig. 26b is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII of Fig. 26a.

Fig. 27 is an exploded perspective view of the metal member to be joined in the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 28 is a plan view of a fifth main bonding step of Embodiment 5. FIG.

FIG. 29 is a plan view of a sixth main bonding step of Embodiment 5. FIG.

FIG. 30 is a plan view of a seventh main bonding step of Embodiment 5. FIG.

FIG. 31 is an overall perspective view of a bonding method according to Embodiment 6. FIG.

Fig. 32 is a figure showing the docking process of Embodiment 6, Fig. 32a is a perspective view, Fig. 32b is a top view, Fig. 32c is a cross-sectional view along line I-I of Fig. 32b, and Fig. 32d is a cross-sectional view along line II-II of Fig. 32b.

Fig. 33 is a plan view of a step of provisionally joining the first stepped portion in the sixth embodiment.

Fig. 34a and Fig. 34b are cross-sectional views of the first stepped portion main joining process in the sixth embodiment.

35a and 35b are perspective views of the step of arranging the connecting member in the sixth embodiment.

Fig. 36a is a plan view of Fig. 35b, and Fig. 36b is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of Fig. 36a.

Fig. 37 is a plan view of a surface provisional bonding step in the sixth embodiment.

Fig. 38 is a plan view of the final surface bonding step of the sixth embodiment.

Fig. 39 is a plan view of the second stepped portion main joining process in the sixth embodiment.

Fig. 40a is a plan view of the side main bonding process of the sixth embodiment, and Fig. 40b is a plan view of the side main joining process of the seventh embodiment.

Fig. 41 is a schematic perspective view of a joining method in the main side joining process, Fig. 41a shows the first form, and Fig. 41b shows the second form.

42a and 42b are cross-sectional views of a conventional joining method of friction stir welding a pair of metal members.

Fig. 43 is a view of a conventional joining method in which a connecting member is provided between a pair of metal members having steps with different thicknesses and friction stirring is performed step by step. Fig. 43a shows before joining, and Fig. 43b shows after joining.

(Symbol Description)

1～joined metal component; 1a～first metal component;

1b～second metal component; 2～first protruding material;

3～second protruding material; 70～joined metal components;

700～recess; 710a～the first metal component;

710b～second metal component; 720～connecting component;

A～surface; B～back side;

C～the first side; D～the second side;

F～small rotary tool; G～large rotary tool;

J～butting part; K～groove;

P～down hole; U～connecting member;

W, w ~ plasticized area.

Detailed ways

As shown in Fig. 1, the joining method of Embodiment 1 is characterized in that the connection member U1 is inserted into the hollow formed by the butt joint of the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b, and the connection between the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b The member U1 and the second metal member 1b are friction-stir-joined with the abutting portion of the connecting member U1.

First, the metal members 1 to be joined by the joining method of this embodiment will be described in detail, and the first protrusions 2 and the second protrusions 3 used when joining the metal members 1 to be joined will be described in detail.

As shown in Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b, in this embodiment, the metal member 1 to be joined includes: a pair of first metal member 1a and second metal member 1b formed with grooves ka, kb at the ends; The connection member U ( U1 ) in the hollow formed by the abutment of the first metal member 1 a and the second metal member 1 b.

The first metal member 1 a has a rectangular cross section, and a groove ka having a rectangular cross section continuous from the first side surface 14 a toward the second side surface 15 b is formed on the end surface T1 . The second metal member 1b is a metal member having substantially the same shape as the first metal member 1a. The groove kb formed in the second metal member 1b is disposed opposite to the groove ka of the first metal member 1a, and a hollow portion is formed by butting the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b.

In this embodiment, the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b are metal materials with the same composition, and are made of friction-stirable materials such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, and magnesium alloy. Made of metal material.

And, as shown in FIG. 1 , the surface of the metal member 1 to be joined is a surface A, the back is a back B, one side is a first side C, and the other side is a second side D. In addition, up, down, left, right, front, back, and front in this embodiment are determined by the arrows in FIG. 1 .

The connection member U1 is a cuboid with a rectangular cross-section, and the two ends of the connection member U1 in the longitudinal direction are flush with the side surfaces of the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b. The height _u1 of the connection member U1 is approximately equal to the height _k1 of the groove ka of the first metal member 1a and the height _k3 of the groove kb of the second metal member 1b. Furthermore, the width _u2 of the connecting member U1 is approximately equal to the sum of the width _k2 of the groove ka and the width _k4 of the groove kb. That is, as shown in FIG. 2 b , the connecting member U1 is inserted into the hollow portion of the metal member 1 to be joined substantially without a gap. In the present embodiment, the connection member U1 is made of the same material as that of the first metal member 1a.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 b , on the surface A side of the metal member 1 to be joined, the portion where the first metal member 1 a and the second metal member 1 b butt against each other is a surface-side butt joint portion J1 . In addition, on the back surface B side of the metal member 1 to be joined, the portion where the first metal member 1 a and the second metal member 1 b butt against each other is a back side abutting portion J2 . In addition, on the side of the first side C and the second side D, the part where the connecting member U1 abuts with the second metal member 1b is the second metal side connecting abutting portion J3. In addition, the part where the connection member U1 abuts with the first metal member 1a is the first metal side connection abutting portion J4.

As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b, the first protruding material 2 and the second protruding material 3 are members arranged for sandwiching the surface side abutting portion J1 and the back side abutting portion J2 of the metal member 1 to be joined, respectively. It is added to the joined metal member 1 to cover and hide the seam (boundary line) between the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b that appear on the first side C and the second side D. The materials of the first protrusion material 2 and the second protrusion material 3 are not particularly limited, but in the present embodiment, they are made of a metal material having the same composition as that of the metal member 1 to be joined. In addition, although the shape and size of the first protruding material 2 and the second protruding material 3 are not particularly limited, in this embodiment, their thickness dimension is the same as the thickness dimension of the metal member 1 to be joined at the surface-side abutting portion J1. .

Next, a small rotary tool F (hereinafter referred to as "small rotary tool F") and a large rotary tool G (hereinafter referred to as "large rotary tool G") used for friction stirring will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 5 .

The small rotary tool F shown in FIG. 5a is made of a metal material harder than the metal member 1 to be joined, such as tool steel, and has a cylindrical shoulder F1 and a stirring pin protruding from the lower end surface F11 of the shoulder F1. (probe) F2. The size and shape of the small rotary tool F are set according to the material and thickness of the metal members 1 to be joined, but are smaller than at least the large rotary tool G (see FIG. 5 b ) used in the surface side bonding process described later. In this way, since joining can be performed with a small load, the load applied to the friction stir device at the time of joining can be reduced, and friction stirring can be smoothly performed even in relatively complicated paths. In addition, since the moving speed (transportation speed) of the small rotary tool F can be higher than that of the large rotary tool G, the work time and cost required for joining can be reduced.

The lower end surface F11 of the shoulder F1 is a portion that presses the plasticized fluid metal to prevent it from scattering to the surroundings. In this embodiment, it is formed in a concave shape. Although the size of the outer diameter _X1 of the shoulder F1 is not particularly limited, it is smaller than the outer diameter _Y1 of the shoulder G1 of the large rotary tool G in this embodiment.

The stirring pin F2 hangs down from the center of the lower end surface F11 of the shoulder F1, and is formed in a tapered truncated cone shape in this embodiment. In addition, a stirring blade carved in a spiral shape is formed on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2. Although the size of the outer diameter of the stirring pin F2 is not particularly limited, in the present embodiment, the maximum outer diameter _X2 is smaller than the maximum outer diameter (upper end diameter) _Y2 of the stirring pin G2 of the large rotary tool G, and the minimum outer diameter The diameter (lower end diameter) X ₃ is smaller than the minimum outer diameter (lower end diameter) Y ₃ of the stirring pin G2. The length L ₂ of the stirring pin F2 is preferably smaller than the length L ₁ of the stirring pin of the large rotary tool G (see FIG. 5b ).

The large rotary tool G shown in FIG. 5b is made of a metal material harder than the metal member 1 to be joined, such as tool steel, and has a cylindrical shoulder G1 and a stirring pin protruding from the lower end surface G11 of the shoulder G1. (probe) G2.

The lower end surface G11 of the shoulder G1 is concave like the small rotary tool F. As shown in FIG. The stirring pin G2 hangs down from the center of the lower end surface G11 of the shoulder G1, and in this embodiment, is formed in a tapered truncated cone shape. In addition, a stirring blade carved in a spiral shape is formed on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin G2.

Hereinafter, the bonding method of this embodiment will be described in detail. The bonding method of this embodiment includes (1) a first preparatory step, (2) a first preparatory step, (3) a surface side bonding step, (4) a second preparatory step, (5) a second preparatory step, (6) Back side joining process, (7) protrusion material cutting process, (8) third preparation process, (9) first side side joining process, (10) fourth preparation process, (11) second side side joining process, ( 12) Protruding material removal process.

(1) The first preparation process

The first preparation step will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4 . The first preparation step is a step of preparing abutment members (first protrusions 2 and second protrusions 3 ) provided at the start position and end position of the friction stirring of the metal members 1 to be joined. In this embodiment, the first preparation process includes: a butt joint process of making the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b butt, and inserting the connecting member U1 into the hollow part; The process of arranging the protrusions on both sides of the surface-side abutting portion J1 of the metal member 1 to be joined; the temporary joining process of temporarily joining the metal members 1 to be joined by welding the first protrusion 2 and the second protrusion 3 ; and The metal member to be joined 1 is installed in the metal member installation process of the friction stir device.

(1-1) Docking process

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, in the butt joint process, the end surface T2 of the second metal member 1b is closely attached to the end surface of the first metal member 1a, and the connecting member U1 is inserted into the hollow formed by the grooves ka, kb. department.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4 etc., the surface 12a of the first metal member 1a is flush with the surface 12b of the second metal member 1b, and the back surface 13a of the first metal member 1a is flush with the back surface 13b of the second metal member 1b. In addition, similarly, the first side 14a of the first metal member 1a is flush with the first side 14b of the second metal member 1b, and the second side 15a of the first metal member 1a is flush with the second side 15b of the second metal member 1b. flush.

(1-2) Protruding material arrangement process

As shown in Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b, in the protruding material arranging process, the first protruding material 2 is arranged on the second side D side along the surface side abutting portion J1, and its abutting surface abuts against the second side D . And the second protrusion member 3 is arranged on the first side C along the surface side abutting portion J1 so that the abutting surface abuts against the first side C. As shown in FIG. At this time, as shown in Figure 4b, the surface 22 of the first protruding material 2 and the surface 32 of the second protruding material 3 are flush with the surface A of the metal member 1 to be joined, and the back surface 23 of the first protruding material 2 and the second protruding material The rear surface 33 of the protruding member 3 is flush with the rear surface B of the metal member 1 to be joined.

(1-3) Temporary welding process

As shown in FIG. 3a and FIG. 3b, in the provisional welding process, the inner corners 2a, 2b formed by the metal member 1 to be joined and the first protrusion 2 are welded, thereby temporarily joining the metal member 1 to be joined and the first protrusion. Material 2. Furthermore, the metal member 1 to be joined and the second protrusion material 3 are temporarily joined by welding the inner corner portions 3 a and 3 b formed by the metal member 1 to be joined and the second protrusion material 3 .

Furthermore, welding may be performed continuously over the entire lengths of the inner corner portions 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b, or may be performed intermittently. In addition, in the first preparatory process, when the provisional welding process is omitted, a butt joint process and a protruding material arrangement process can be performed on a stage of a friction stir device not shown.

(1-4) Installation process of metal members to be joined

In the metal member installation step, the metal member to be joined 1 is fixed to a stand of a friction stir device (not shown) with the surface A of the metal member to be joined facing upward. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, friction stirring is performed from above the stage.

(2) The first preparatory process

The first preparatory step is a step performed before the surface-side joining step, and in this embodiment, includes a first protruding material joining step of joining the abutting portion j2 of the metal member 1 to be joined and the first protruding material 2 on the surface A side. a temporary joining process of temporarily joining the surface side butt portion J1 of the metal member 1 to be joined; a second protruding material joining process of joining the butt joint portion j3 of the metal member 1 to be joined and the second protruding material 3; and in the surface side joining process The starting position of the friction stirring to form the lower hole in the lower hole forming process.

As shown in FIG. 7 , in the first preparatory process, a small rotary tool F is moved to form a continuous moving track (bead), and continuous friction stirring is performed on the butt joints j2 , J1 , and j3 . That is, the stirring pin F2 (see FIG. 5 a ) of the small rotary tool F inserted into the starting position S _P1 of friction stirring moves to the end position E _P1 without detaching on the way. Moreover, in this embodiment, although the starting position S _P1 of friction stirring is set on the first protruding material 2 and the end position E _P1 of friction stirring is set on the second protruding material 3 , the starting position S P1 and the end position E _P1 are not limited. Position E _P1 position. In addition, in this embodiment, both the rotation directions of the small rotary tool F and the large rotary tool G are clockwise. In this way, by aligning the rotation directions of the small rotary tool F and the large rotary tool G, work procedures can be saved.

The procedure of friction stirring in the first preparatory process of this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7 .

First, as shown in FIG. 6a, the small rotary tool F is located directly above the starting position S _P1 provided at the appropriate position of the first protruding material 2, and then, the small rotary tool F is lowered while rotating to the right, thereby stirring Pin F2 pushes to start position S _P1 . The rotational speed of the small rotary tool F is set in accordance with the material and thickness of the metal members 1 to be joined to be friction stirred, and is often set within a range of 500 to 2000 (rpm).

When the stirring pin F2 contacts the surface 22 of the first protruding material 2 , the metal around the stirring pin F2 plasticizes and flows due to frictional heat, and the stirring pin F2 is inserted into the first protruding material 2 as shown in FIG. 6 b .

After the entire stirring pin F2 enters the first protruding material 2, and the entire surface of the lower end surface F11 of the shoulder F1 is in contact with the surface 22 of the first protruding material 2, as shown in FIG. The starting point s2 of the first protruding member joining step is relatively moved.

The moving speed (feeding speed) of the small rotary tool F is set according to the size and shape of the stirring pin F2, the material and thickness of the metal member 1 to be joined by friction stirring, etc., but in many cases, it is set at 100 ~1000(mm/min) range. The rotation speed of the small rotary tool F when moving is the same as or lower than that of insertion. Furthermore, when the small rotary tool F is moving, the axis of the shoulder F1 may be slightly inclined to the rear side of the direction of travel relative to the vertical line, but if it is vertical without inclination, the direction change of the small rotary tool F becomes easier. Easy to do complex movements. When the small rotary tool F moves, the metal around the stirring pin F2 plasticizes and flows sequentially, and the plasticized flowing metal hardens again at a position away from the stirring pin F2.

After the small rotary tool F is relatively moved and the friction stirring is continued up to the starting point s2 of the first protruding material joining process, the small rotary tool F is not disengaged from the starting point s2, and the state is moved to the first protruding material joining process.

(2-1) First protrusion material joining process

In the first protrusion member joining step, friction stirring is performed on the butt portion j2 of the first protrusion member 2 and the metal member 1 to be joined. Specifically, a path of friction stirring is set on the joint (boundary line) between the metal member 1 to be joined and the first protruding material 2, and the small rotary tool F is relatively moved along the path to rub the butt joint j2. Stir. Moreover, in this embodiment, friction stirring is continuously performed from the start point s2 of the 1st protrusion material joining process to the end point e2, without leaving the small rotary tool F halfway.

Moreover, when the small rotary tool F is rotated clockwise, since a small cavity defect may be generated on the left side of the traveling direction of the small rotary tool F, it is preferable to set the starting point s2 and The position of the end point e2 is such that the metal member 1 to be joined is located on the right side in the traveling direction of the small rotary tool F. In this way, since it is difficult to generate a void defect on the metal member 1 side to be joined, a high-quality joined body can be obtained.

Similarly, when the small rotary tool F is rotated to the left, since a small cavity defect may occur on the right side of the traveling direction of the small rotary tool F, it is preferable to set the starting point and The position of the end point is such that the metal member 1 to be joined is located on the left side in the traveling direction of the small rotary tool F. Specifically, although illustration is omitted, the starting point can be set at the position of the end point e2 when the small rotary tool F rotates clockwise, and the starting point s2 when the small rotary tool F is rotated clockwise can be provided. end.

Moreover, when the stirring pin F2 of the small rotary tool F enters the abutting portion j2, although the force of pulling the metal member 1 to be joined and the first protrusion 2 apart acts, since the metal member 1 to be joined and the first protrusion 2 are separated by welding, Since the inner corners 2a, 2b (see FIG. 3 ) formed by the material 2 are temporarily joined, no gaps will be generated between the metal member 1 to be joined and the first protruding material 2 .

(2-2) Temporary joining process

After the small rotary tool F reaches the end point e2 of the first protruding member joining process, the friction stirring is continued to the starting point s1 of the provisional joining process without ending the friction stirring at the end point e2, and then the state moves to the provisional joining process. That is, friction stirring is continued without leaving the small rotary tool F from the end point e2 of the first protruding material joining process to the starting point s1 of the temporary joining process, and the small rotary tool F is moved to the temporary joining process without leaving the starting point s1 . In this way, it is not necessary to disengage the small rotary tool F at the end point e2 of the first protruding member joining process, and since it is not necessary to insert the small rotary tool F at the starting point s1 of the temporary joining process, it is possible to effectively , Quickly carry out preparatory joining operations.

In the present embodiment, a friction stir path from the end point e2 of the first protrusion member joining step to the start point s1 of the temporary joining step is set on the first protrusion member 2, and the small rotary tool F is moved from the first protrusion member joining step to The movement track when the end point e2 of the temporary joining process moves to the start point s1 is formed in the 1st protrusion member 2. In this way, in the process from the end point e2 of the first protruding material joining process to the starting point s1 of the provisional joining process, since void defects are less likely to occur in the metal member 1 to be joined, a high-quality joined body can be obtained.

In the provisional joining step, friction stirring is performed on the surface-side abutting portion J1 (see FIG. 7 ) of the metal member 1 to be joined. Specifically, the path of friction stirring is set on the joint (boundary line) of the metal members 1 to be joined, and the small rotary tool F is relatively moved along the path, and the path is continuous over the entire length of the surface-side abutting portion J1. Perform friction stirring. In addition, in this embodiment, friction stirring is continuously performed from the start point s1 to the end point e1 of the provisional joining process without the small-sized rotary tool F deviating from the drawing.

After the small rotary tool F reaches the end point e1 of the provisional joining process, the friction stirring is continued to the start point s3 of the second protrusion material joining process without ending at the end point e1, and then shifts to the second protrusion material joining process. That is, the friction stirring is continued without leaving the small rotary tool F from the end point e1 of the temporary joining process to the starting point s3 of the second projecting material joining process, and the small rotary tool F is moved to the second projecting material at the starting point s3 without leaving. material joining process.

In this embodiment, the path of friction stirring from the end point e1 of the provisional joining step to the starting point s3 of the second protrusion member joining step is set on the second protrusion member 3, and the small rotary tool F is moved from the end point of the provisional joining step to The movement locus when e1 moves to the starting point s3 of the second protrusion material joining process is formed on the second protrusion material 3 . In this way, in the process from the end point e1 of the provisional joining process to the start point s3 of the second protrusion material joining process, it is difficult to generate a void defect in the metal member 1 to be joined, and thus a high-quality joined body can be obtained.

(2-3) Second protrusion material joining process

In the second protrusion material joining step, friction stirring is performed on the butt joint portion j3 of the metal member 1 to be joined and the second protrusion material 3 . Specifically, the path of friction stirring is set on the joint (boundary line) between the metal member 1 to be joined and the second protruding material 3, and the small rotary tool F is relatively moved along the path to perform friction stirring on the abutting portion j3. Friction stir. In addition, in the present embodiment, the friction stirring is continued from the start point s3 of the second protrusion member joining step to the end point e3 without the small-sized rotary tool F being detached on the way.

Furthermore, since the small rotary tool F is rotated clockwise, the positions of the starting point s3 and the end point e3 of the second protrusion joining step are set so that the metal member 1 to be joined is located on the right side in the traveling direction of the small rotary tool F.

In addition, when the stirring pin F2 of the small rotary tool F enters the abutting portion j3, the force of pulling the metal member 1 to be joined and the second protruding material 3 acts, but the metal member 1 to be joined and the second protruding material 3 are separated by welding. Since the inner corners 3a and 3b (see FIG. 3 ) are temporarily joined, a gap does not occur between the metal member 1 to be joined and the second protrusion 3 .

After the small rotary tool F reaches the end point e3 of the second protrusion material joining process, the friction stirring is continued to the end position E _P1 provided on the second protrusion material 3 without ending the friction stirring at the end point e3. In addition, in the present embodiment, the end position E _P1 is set on the extension line of the joint (boundary line) appearing on the surface A side of the metal member 1 to be joined. That is, the end position E _P1 is also the start position S _M1 of the friction stirring in the surface side joining process described later.

After the small rotary tool F reaches the end position E _P1 , the small rotary tool F is raised while rotating, and the stirring pin F2 is separated from the end position E _P1 .

As mentioned above, although the 1st protrusion material joining process, the temporary joining process, and the 2nd protrusion material joining process were demonstrated, the locus in each joining process is only an example, and other forms are also possible. Moreover, you may omit a 1st protrusion material joining process and a 2nd protrusion material joining process, and may perform only a provisional joining process.

(2-4) Lower hole forming process

Next, a down hole forming step is performed. As shown in FIG. 5 b , the lower hole forming step is a step of forming the lower hole P1 at the starting position of the friction stirring in the surface side joining step. In the lower hole forming step in the first preliminary step, the lower hole P1 is formed at the start position S _M1 set on the surface 32 of the second protrusion member 3 .

The purpose of providing the lower hole P1 is to reduce the insertion resistance (press-in resistance) of the stirring pin G2 of the large rotary tool G. In this embodiment, it is formed when the stirring pin F2 of the small rotary tool F (refer to FIG. The punched hole H1 is formed by expanding the hole with a drill or the like not shown. If the punch hole H1 is used, the process of forming the lower hole P1 can be simplified, and the working time can be shortened. Although the shape of the lower hole P1 is not particularly limited, it is cylindrical in this embodiment. In addition, although in this embodiment, the lower hole P1 is formed in the second protrusion material 3, the position of the lower hole P1 is not particularly limited, and it may be formed on the first protrusion material 2, or may be formed on the butt joint portions j2, j3, However, it is preferably formed on the extension line of the joint (boundary line) of the metal member 1 to be joined that appears on the surface A side of the metal member 1 to be joined as described in the present embodiment.

In addition, in this embodiment, the case where the punched hole H1 of the stirring pin F2 (see FIG. The maximum outer diameter X ₂ is larger than the minimum outer diameter Y ₃ of the stirring pin G2 of the large rotary tool G, and the maximum outer diameter X ₂ of the stirring pin F2 is smaller than the maximum outer diameter Y ₂ of the stirring pin G2 (Y ₃ < X ₂ <Y ₂ ), the punched hole H1 of the stirring pin F2 can also be used as the lower hole P1 in this state.

(3) Surface side bonding process

The surface-side joining step is a step of actually joining the surface-side abutting portion J1 on the surface A side of the metal member 1 to be joined. In the surface-side joining step of the present embodiment, the surface-side abutting portion J1 in the temporarily joined state is subjected to friction stirring from the surface A side of the metal member 1 to be joined using the large rotary tool G shown in FIG. 5 b .

As shown in Fig. 8a to Fig. 8c, in the surface side bonding process, the stirring pin G2 of the large rotary tool G is inserted (pressed) into the lower hole P1 formed at the starting position S _M1 , so that the inserted stirring pin G2 is halfway It moves to the end position E _M1 without leaving. That is, in the surface side joining process, friction stirring is performed starting from the lower hole P1, and the friction stirring is continuously performed to the end position E _M1 .

Here, since the friction stir device having the small rotary tool F is located directly above the end position E _P1 of the second protruding member 3 (see _FIG . At the start position of the joining process, the surface side joining process can be performed without moving the friction stir device having the large rotary tool G, and the work can be simplified.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, although the friction stirring start position S _M1 is provided on the second protrusion member 3 and the end position E _M1 is provided on the first protrusion member 2, the positions of the start position S _M1 and the end position E _M1 There is no limit.

The surface-side bonding step will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 8a to 8c.

First, as shown in Fig. 8a, position the large rotary tool G directly above the lower hole P1 (starting position S _M1 ), and then lower the large rotary tool G while rotating to the right, so that the front end of the stirring pin G2 is inserted into the lower hole. Hole P1. When the stirring pin G2 enters the lower hole P1, the peripheral surface (side surface) of the stirring pin G2 abuts against the hole wall of the lower hole P1, and the metal starts to flow plastically from the hole wall. When this state is reached, the plasticized and flowing metal is pushed back on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin G2, and the stirring pin G2 is pressed in, so that the pressing resistance at the initial stage of pressing can be reduced. In addition, since the stirring pin G2 abuts against the hole wall of the lower hole P1 to generate frictional heat before the shoulder G1 of the large rotary tool G abuts against the surface 32 of the second protruding member 3, the time required to reach the plasticized flow can be shortened. time. That is, the load on the friction stir device can be reduced, and the work time required for the main joining can also be shortened.

After the entire stirring pin G2 enters the second protruding material 3, and the entire surface of the lower end surface G11 of the shoulder G1 contacts the surface 32 of the second protruding material 3, as shown in FIG. The tool G relatively moves toward one end of the surface-side abutting portion J1 of the metal member 1 to be joined, and also protrudes into the surface-side abutting portion J1 across the abutting portion j3 . When the large rotary tool G is moved, the metal around the stirring pin G2 plasticizes and flows sequentially, and at a position away from the stirring pin G2, the plasticized and flowing metal hardens again to form a plasticized region (hereinafter referred to as "surface side"). Plasticized area W1"). In addition, the plasticized region includes a state where plasticization occurs due to frictional heat of the rotary tool and a state where the rotary tool returns to normal temperature after passing through.

In the present embodiment, the depth Wa of the surface-side plasticized region W1 is preferably greater than the distance u _a from the surface A of the metal member 1 to be joined to the upper surface of the connecting member U1. That is, since the surface-side plasticized region W1 is brought into contact with the connection member U1 to perform friction stirring over the entire length in the depth direction of the surface-side butting portion J1, the quality of the product can be further improved.

The moving speed (feeding speed) of the large rotary tool G is set according to the size and shape of the stirring pin G2, the material and thickness of the metal member 1 to be joined by friction stirring, etc., but in many cases, it is set at 30 ~ 300 (mm/min) range.

When there is a possibility that the amount of heat entering the metal member 1 to be joined is too large, it is preferable to supply water from the surface A side to the periphery of the large rotary tool G for cooling. Furthermore, when cooling water enters between the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b, an oxide film may be formed on the joining surfaces (end faces T1, T2, see FIG. The gap is closed during the process, and the cooling water is difficult to enter between the metal members 1 to be joined, so the quality of the joint will not be deteriorated.

At the surface-side joint portion J1 of the metal member 1 to be joined, the path of friction stirring is set on the joint of the metal member 1 to be joined (on the moving track in the temporary joining process), and the large rotary tool G is moved along the path. Relatively moving, friction stirring is continuously performed from one end to the other end of the surface-side abutting portion J1. After relatively moving the large rotary tool G to the other end of the surface-side butting portion J1, it crosses the butting portion j2 while performing friction stirring, and relatively moves toward the end position E _M1 in this state.

In addition, since in this embodiment, the start position S _M1 of friction stirring is set on the extension line of the joint (boundary line) of the metal member 1 to be joined that appears on the surface A side of the metal member 1 to be joined, therefore, The path of friction stirring in the surface side joining process can be aligned. When the path of friction stirring is straight, since the moving distance of the large rotary tool G can be suppressed to a minimum, the surface side joining process can be efficiently performed, and the amount of wear of the large rotary tool G can be reduced.

After the large-scale rotary tool G reaches the end position _EM1 , as shown in FIG. 8c, the large-scale rotary tool G is raised while rotating, thereby disengaging the stirring pin G2 from the end position _EM1 (see FIG. 8b). And, when the stirring pin G2 is detached upward at the end position _EM1 , the punching hole Q1 having substantially the same shape as that of the stirring pin G2 is inevitably formed, and this state is left in this embodiment.

The rotation speed of the large rotary tool G when the stirring pin G2 of the large rotary tool G is separated from the end position _EM1 (rotational speed at the time of separation) is preferably higher than that at the time of movement. In this way, since the detachment resistance of the agitation pin G2 becomes smaller than when the rotational speed at the time of detachment is the same as the rotational speed at the time of movement, the detachment operation of the agitation pin G2 can be quickly performed at the end position _EM1 .

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first preparatory step is performed before the front-side bonding step, but the first preparatory step may be omitted, and the front-side bonding step may be performed after the first preparatory step.

(4) Second preparation process

The second preparatory step is a preparatory step performed before the second preparatory step. In this embodiment, the to-be-joined metal member installation process of making the back surface B side of the to-be-joined metal member 1 face upward, and setting it again in the friction stir apparatus which is not shown in figure is included.

(4-1) Installation process of metal members to be joined

In the installation process of the metal members to be joined, after releasing the restraint of the metal members 1 to be joined which have completed the joining process on the surface side, the front and back of the metal members to be joined 1 are reversed, and the back side B side faces upward, and are again placed in the friction stirrer. On the stand of the apparatus, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the metal member 1 to be joined is rotated half a turn around the front-back axis, and the front and back of the metal member 1 to be joined are reversed.

Here, FIG. 9 a is a cross-sectional view from the surface-side abutting portion J1 toward the first metal member 1 a after the metal member installation step in the second preparatory step of the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9a, in the installation process of the metal member to be joined, the upper surface of the metal member 1 to be joined is the back surface B, and when facing the first metal member 1a from the surface-side abutting portion J1 side, the second protruding material 3 is located. On the left side of the metal member 1 to be joined, the first protruding material 2 is located on the right side of the metal member 1 to be joined.

Furthermore, the front and back surfaces may be rotated without releasing the restraint of the metal member 1 to be joined by the friction stir device.

(5) The second preparatory process

The second preparatory process is a process carried out before the back side bonding process, including: on the back side B side, the second protruding material joining process of joining the metal member 1 to be joined with the butt portion j3 of the second protruding material 3; The provisional joining step of temporarily joining the back side abutting portion J2 of the joining metal member 1; the first protrusion material joining step of joining the metal member 1 to be joined with the butt portion j2 of the first protrusion material 2; and in the back side joining step The starting position of the friction stirring to form the lower hole in the lower hole forming process.

(5-1) Second protrusion member joining step, (5-2) Provisional joining step, and (5-3) First protrusion member joining step

(5-1) Second protrusion material joining process, (5-2) Temporary joining process and (5-3) First protrusion material joining process are the (2-3) Second protrusion material joining of the above-mentioned first preliminary process The steps, (2-2) provisional joining step, and (2-1) first protrusion member joining step are substantially the same steps. As shown in FIG. 9b , the small rotary tool F is moved to form a continuous moving track (bead), and the friction stirring is continuously performed in the order of the butting parts j3, J2, and j2. That is, the stirring pin F2 (see FIG. 5 a ) of the small rotary tool F inserted into the starting position S _P2 of friction stirring is moved to the end position E _P2 without detaching on the way, thereby continuously performing (5-1) the second protruding material. Joining process, (5-2) provisional joining process, and (5-3) 1st protrusion material joining process. Furthermore, the end position E _P2 is the start position S _M2 of the back side bonding process performed later.

Here, in the first preparatory process, as shown in FIG. 7 , (2-1) first protruding material joining process, (2-2) provisional joining process, and (2-3) are sequentially performed from the first protruding material 2 side. ) second protruding material joining process. On the other hand, in the second preparatory process, when facing the first metal member 1a side from the rear side abutting portion J2, the second protruding material 3 is located on the left side of the metal member 1 to be joined, and since the joining process is completed on the front side At the time point of , the friction stir device with the large rotary tool G is located above the second protrusion material 3, so the (5-1) second protrusion material joining process, (5-2) is sequentially performed from the second protrusion material 3 side. Temporary joining process and (5-3) 1st protrusion material joining process. In this way, since the movement distance of the friction stir device having the small rotary tool F is reduced, labor can be saved.

Further, since the detailed descriptions of (5-1) second protrusion member joining step, (5-2) provisional joining step, and (5-3) first protrusion member joining step are substantially the same as the first preliminary step, they are omitted.

(5-4) Down hole forming process

As shown in FIG. 10 a , the step of forming a lower hole is a step of forming a lower hole P2 at the starting position S _M2 of friction stirring in the back side joining step. That is, the lower hole forming step is a step of forming the lower hole P2 at the insertion planned position of the stirring pin G2 of the large rotary tool G. As shown in FIG. Thereby, the insertion resistance (pressing resistance) of the stirring pin G2 of the large rotary tool G can be reduced.

In addition, since (5-4) lower hole forming process is substantially the same as (2-4) lower hole forming process of a 1st preparatory process, detailed description is abbreviate|omitted.

(6) Rear side bonding process

The back side joining step is a step of actually joining the back side abutting portion J2 on the back side B side of the metallic member 1 to be joined. In the back side joining step of the present embodiment, the back side abutting portion J2 in the temporarily joined state is subjected to friction stirring from the back side B side of the metal member 1 to be joined using the large rotary tool G.

As shown in Fig. 10a and Fig. 10b, in the rear side bonding process, the stirring pin G2 of the large rotary tool G is inserted (pressed) into the S _M2 provided on the back surface 23 of the first protruding member 2, and the inserted stirring pin G2 It moves to the end position E _M2 without leaving on the way. In the rear side bonding process, friction stirring is started from the lower hole P2, and friction stirring is continued to the end position E _M2 . When the large rotary tool G is moved, the metal around the stirring pin G2 plasticizes and flows sequentially, and at a position away from the stirring pin G2, the plasticized and flowing metal hardens again to form a plasticized region (hereinafter referred to as "back side"). Plasticized area W2").

In the present embodiment, the depth Wa of the rear plasticized region W2 is preferably greater than the distance u _a from the rear surface B of the metal member 1 to be joined to the upper surface of the connecting member U1. That is, since the back side plasticized region W2 is brought into contact with the connecting member U1, friction stirring is performed over the entire length in the depth direction of the back side mating portion J2, so that the quality of the product can be improved.

Here, since the friction stir device with the small rotary tool F is located directly above the end position E _P2 of the first protruding material 2 (see FIG. 9 b ), when the back side joining process starts When the position S _M2 is set above the first protruding member 2 , the surface side joining process can be performed without moving the friction stir device having the large rotary tool G, thereby omitting work.

In addition, since the bonding step on the back side is substantially the same as the bonding step on the front side, detailed description thereof will be omitted. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the second preparatory step is performed, but the second preparatory step may be omitted and the back side bonding step may be performed directly after the front side bonding step.

(7) Protruding material removal process

In the protruding material cutting step, the first protruding material 2 and the second protruding material 3 are cut from the metal member 1 to be joined. In this embodiment, the metal member 1 to be joined that has completed the rear side joining process is temporarily removed from the stand of the friction stir device, and the first protruding material is cut along the butt joints j2 and j3 using a not-shown cutting tool. 2 and the second protruding material 3 are removed.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the state in which the protruding material after the back side bonding step is cut off in Embodiment 1. FIG. As shown in FIG. 11 , the front-side plasticized region W1 and the back-side plasticized region W2 are continuously formed across from the first side C side to the second side D side.

Here, in the surface-side plasticized region W1 and the rear-side plasticized region W2, on the left side in the traveling direction of the large rotary tool G (see arrows _V1 , _V2 ), that is, possibly on the second metal 1b, from A not-shown continuous tunnel-shaped cavity defect is generated when the first side C side traverses to the second side D side.

In addition, an oxide film (not shown) may be involved in both ends of the surface-side plasticized region W1 and the rear-side plasticized region W2. The oxide film is formed because the oxide film formed on the first side C and the second protrusion 3 , the second side D and the first protrusion 2 is involved in the metal member 1 to be joined.

Therefore, in the case where a tunnel-like cavity defect and an oxide film are formed, a repair step of filling the defect (void) with a solder metal by welding may be performed.

(8) The third preparation process

The third preparatory step is a step performed before the first side-side joining step, and is a step of preparing the first protruding members 2 and the second protruding members 3 where the friction stirring start and end positions of the metal members 1 to be joined are set. In this embodiment, the third preparation process includes: a process of arranging the first protruding material 2 and the second protruding material 3 on the surface A and the back surface B of the metal member 1 to be joined; A temporary welding process of temporarily joining the metal member 1 to be joined with the second protruding material 3 ; and a metal member installation process of setting the metal member 1 to be joined in a friction stir device.

(8-1) Overhanging material arrangement process

As shown in FIG. 12a, the protruding material arrangement step is to arrange the first protruding material 2 along the longitudinal direction of the plasticized region W1 on the surface side of the metal member 1 to be joined, and to arrange the second protruding material 2 along the longitudinal direction of the plasticized region W2 on the back side. The process of protruding material 3. Surfaces and back surfaces of the first protruding material 2 and the second protruding material 3 are flush with the first side C and the second side D. As shown in FIG.

(8-1) Protruding member arranging step is substantially the same as (1-2) Protruding member arranging step, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.

(8-2) Temporary welding process

As shown in FIG. 12 a , in the provisional welding step, the inner corner portion formed by the metal member 1 to be joined and the first protrusion 2 is welded to temporarily join the metal member 1 to be joined and the first protrusion 2 . In addition, the inner corner portion formed by the metal member 1 to be joined and the second protrusion material 3 is welded to temporarily join the metal member 1 to be joined and the second protrusion material 3 .

(8-3) Installation process of metal members to be joined

As shown in FIG. 12 a , in the metal to be joined process, the first side C of the metal to be joined 1 faces upward, and the metal to be joined 1 is fixed on a stand of a friction stir device not shown.

In addition, the first protruding material 2 and the second protruding material 3 may be placed on the friction stir device, and the provisional welding may be performed after the step of installing the metal members to be joined.

(9) First side side joining process

In the first side joining process, on the first side C, the surface side butt joint portion J1 of the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b, the rear side butt joint portion J2, and the first metal member 1a and the connecting member U1 The second metal-side connecting butt joint portion J3, the second metal member 1b and the first metal-side connecting butt joint portion J4 of the connecting member U1 perform friction stir welding in a continuous trajectory.

In this embodiment, the first side side joining process includes: a surface side butt joint joining process of the surface side butt joint J1 on the friction stir surface A side; The second metal side butt joint joining process of the butt joint J3; the back side butt joint joint process of the back side joint J2 of the back side B side by friction stirring; the back side joint joint process of the back side joint J2 by friction stirring again; Stirring the first metal-side connection abutment portion joining process of the first metal member 1a and the first metal-side connection abutment portion J4 of the connection member U1; process.

In addition, in the first side joining step, the small rotary tool F, which is more effective in small turning, is used for clockwise rotation.

(9-1) Surface-side butt joint joining process

As shown in FIG. 12 a , the surface-side butting portion joining step is a step of friction stirring the surface-side butting portion J1 where the first side surface C is exposed. In the present embodiment, since the friction stirring is already performed over the entire length of the front-side butting portion J1 where the first side surface C is exposed in the above-mentioned front-side joining step, the front-side plasticized region W1 is again friction-stirred.

That is, in the surface-side abutting portion joining step of the present embodiment, friction is continuously performed from the start position S _M3 set on the first protruding member 2 to the contact point f2 where the surface-side abutting portion J1 abuts against the connecting member U1. Stir. After the small rotary tool F is pushed to the start position S _M3 set to the first protruding member 2 , the small rotary tool F is moved to the starting point f1 of the surface side mating portion joining process. Then, the small rotary tool F is moved to the contact point f2 without detaching.

According to the surface-side abutting portion joining process, by friction stirring the surface-side plasticized region W1 again, even if the surface-side plasticized region W1 has entanglement of an oxide film and void defects, it can be repaired by the surface-side abutting portion bonding process. Appropriately patch the defect.

(9-2) Second metal side connection mating part joining process

The second metal-side connecting abutting portion bonding step is a step of friction stirring the second metal member 1 b and the second metal-side connecting abutting portion J3 of the connecting member U1 . After the small rotary tool F is moved to the contact point f2, it is moved to the second metal-side connection abutting portion joining step in this state without being disengaged. Then, friction stirring is performed along the second metal-side connection butt joint portion J3, and the small rotary tool F is moved to the contact point f3 between the back side butt joint portion J2 and the connection member U1.

(9-3) Joining process of back side mating part

The back side abutting portion joining step is a step of friction stirring the back side butt portion J2 where the first side surface C is exposed. In the present embodiment, friction stirring is performed over the entire length of the rear butt joint J2 where the first side C is exposed in the rear bonding step, so the rear plasticized region W2 is friction stirred again.

That is, the rear side abutting portion joining step of the present embodiment is a step of continuously performing friction stirring from the contact point f3 to the turning point R _M3 provided on the second protruding member 3 . That is, after the small rotary tool F is moved to the contact point f3, it is moved to the back side abutting part joining process in this state without being separated. Then, the small moving tool F is moved to the return point R _M3 by passing through the end point f4 of the back side abutting portion joining process set at the abutting portion j3 of the second protruding member 3 and the back surface B of the metal member 1 to be joined.

Thereby, friction stirring can be more reliably performed on the back side abutting part J2. In addition, even when an oxide film entanglement or a void defect occurs in the plasticized region W2 on the back side, the defect can be properly repaired.

(9-4) Rejoining process of rear mating part

The back side mating portion rejoining step is a step of continuously performing friction stir welding from the turning point R _M3 to the contact point f3. After the small rotary tool F is moved to the return point R _M3 , it is moved to the back side mating portion rejoining step in this state without being separated. That is, (9-4) Rejoining process of back side abutting part is a process opposite to the progress direction of (9-3) Back side butting part joining process.

(9-5) First metal-side connection mating portion joining process

As shown in FIG. 12 b , the step of joining the first metal-side connecting butt joint is a step of friction stirring the first metal-side connecting butt J4 of the first metal member 1 a and the connecting member U1 . After the small rotary tool F is moved to the contact point f3, it is moved to the first metal-side connection abutting portion joining process without being separated. Then, friction stirring is performed along the first metal-side connection butt joint portion J4, and the small rotary tool F is moved to the contact point f2.

(9-6) Rejoining process of surface side mating part

The surface side abutting portion rejoining step is a step of continuously performing friction stir welding from the contact point f2 to the start position S _M3 . After the small-sized rotary tool F is moved to the contact point f2, it is moved to the surface-side abutting portion rejoining step without being separated. That is, (9-6) The surface side butt part rejoining process is a process whose direction of progress is opposite to the (9-1) Surface side butt part joining process. After the small rotary tool F has moved to the end position E _M3 , the small rotary tool F is detached from the first protrusion member 2 . Furthermore, the plasticized region formed in the first side-side joining step described above is the first side-side plasticized region w3.

In this way, by performing the first side bonding process, the front side abutting portion J1 (surface side plasticized region W1), the back side abutting portion J2 (back side plasticized region W2), the second metal side connection abutting portion J3 and the second metal side A metal side is connected to the abutment portion J4 for friction stir welding, so that the abutment portion that exposes the first side C can be closed. That is, by overlapping the first side-side plasticized region w3 , the front-side plasticized region W1 , and the back-side plasticized region W2 , it is possible to reliably seal the butt joint. In addition, by performing friction stirring in a continuous trajectory, more efficient joining work can be performed.

(10) The fourth preparation process

After the first side surface side joining step is completed, the restraint of the metal member 1 to be joined is temporarily released, the second side surface D side is directed upward, and the metal member 1 to be joined is fixed to the friction stir device again.

(11) Second side bonding process

In the second side joining process, on the second side D, friction stir the surface side butt joint portion J1, the back side butt joint portion J2, the second metal side connection butt joint portion J3, and the first metal side connection butt joint portion J4. In this way, the abutting portion exposing the second side D is closed. Since the second side bonding step is substantially the same as the first side bonding step, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

According to the second side joining step, by overlapping the plasticized region formed in the second side joining step with the front plasticized region W1 and the rear plasticized region W2 , the mating portion can be sealed more reliably. In addition, by performing friction stirring in a continuous trajectory, more efficient joining work can be performed.

Although the 1st side surface side bonding process and the 2nd side surface side bonding process are performed as mentioned above in this embodiment, they are not limited to this process. The trajectory of the small rotary tool F may be another trajectory, or may not be performed in a continuous trajectory. In addition, when tunnel-like defects and oxide film entrapment occur in the plasticized regions formed in the first side-side bonding step and the second side-side bonding step, it is preferable to fill the defects by welding or the like.

According to the first embodiment described above, after friction stirring the surface A and the back surface B of the metal member 1 to be joined, the second metal side exposing the first side C and the second side D of the metal member 1 to be joined is connected and butted. Part J3 and the first metal-side connection abutment part J4 perform friction stirring, so that the non-plasticized region can be reliably sealed. Thereby, the airtightness and watertightness of the metal member 1 to be joined can be improved.

In addition, by inserting the connection member U into the hollow formed by butting the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b, and performing friction stir welding on the connection member U and the metal member 1 to be joined, the strength of the joint can be improved. . In addition, production efficiency can be improved by performing friction stirring of the first side C and the second side D in a continuous track.

Furthermore, it is preferable to remove burrs generated in each step after performing friction stirring in each step to obtain a smooth surface. Thereby, in each protrusion material arrangement|positioning process, a protrusion material can be brought into close contact with the metal member 1 to be joined.

Implementation mode two

Embodiment 2 is a joining method in which the process sequence of Embodiment 1 is changed.

In the joining method of Embodiment 2, after performing the above-mentioned (8) third preparation step, (9) first side side joining step, (10) fourth preparation step, and (11) second side side joining step, Then, (3) the front side bonding step and (6) the back side bonding step are performed.

That is, after first performing friction stir welding on the first side C and the second side D, friction stirring may be performed on the front A side and the back B side. In this way, even if the friction stir welding is performed from the side surface before the process is changed, substantially the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

Implementation Mode Three

As shown in FIG. 13 , in the third embodiment, the end surface of the first metal member 20a is butted against the side surface of the second metal member 20b to form the metal member 20 to be joined, and the butted part where the metal member 20 is exposed is rubbed. Stir. This point is different from Embodiment 1. That is, as shown in FIG. 14, grooves kc and kd are respectively cut at the ends of the first metal member 20a and the second metal member 20b, and the connecting member U2 is inserted into the butt joint between the first metal member 20a and the second metal member 20b. And the hollow part formed. Then, the abutting portion of the first metal member 20a and the second metal member 20b, the abutting portion of the first metal member 20a and the connection member U2, the abutment portion of the second metal member 20b and the connection member U2, the second metal member 20b and the The butted portion of the connecting member U2 is subjected to friction stirring.

First, the metal member 20 to be joined according to Embodiment 3 will be described.

As shown in Fig. 13 and Fig. 14, the metal member 20 to be joined is composed of a first metal member 20a, a second metal member 20b, and a connecting member U2, and the first metal member 20a and the second metal member 20b are approximately at right angles when viewed from a plane. .

The first metal member 20 a is a metal member with a rectangular cross section, and forms a continuous groove kc on the end face T1 from the first side S1 across the second side S2 . The cross section of the groove kc is rectangular, with a height of p ₁ , a width of p ₂ , and a length of p ₃ .

The second metal member 20 b is a metal member with a rectangular cross section, and forms a continuous groove kd on the end face T2 from the third side S3 across the fourth side S4 . The cross section of the groove kd is rectangular, with a height of q ₁ , a width of q ₂ and a length of q ₃ .

The connection member U2 is a rectangular parallelepiped metal member, and is inserted into a hollow formed by the groove kc of the first metal member 20a and the groove kd of the second metal member 20b. The connecting member U2 has a height r ₁ , a width r ₂ , and a length r ₃ .

In this embodiment, the 1st metal member 20a, the 2nd metal member 20b, and the connection member U2 are comprised from aluminum alloy. The first metal member 20a, the second metal member 20b, and the connecting member U2 are preferably made of friction-stirable metal materials such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, and magnesium alloy.

The height p ₁ of the groove kc of the first metal member 20a, the height q ₁ of the groove kd of the second metal member 20b, and the height r ₁ of the connection member U2 are substantially equal. In addition, the length p ₃ of the groove kc, the length q ₃ of the groove kd, and the length r ₃ of the connecting member U2 are approximately equal. Further, the width _r2 of the connection member U2 is substantially equal to the sum of the width _p2 of the groove kc and the width _q2 of the groove kd.

That is, as shown in Fig. 14 and Fig. 15a to Fig. 15c, the connecting member U2 is inserted without gap through the end surface T1 of the first metal member 20a abutting against the fourth side S4 of the second metal member 20b and formed by the groove kc and the concave groove kc. The hollow part formed by the groove kd makes the side S5 of the connecting member U2 flush with the first side S1 of the first metal member 20a, and the side S6 of the connecting member U2 is flush with the third side S3 of the second metal member 20b.

Here, the abutting portion of the metal member 20 to be joined will be described. 15a to 15c are perspective views of the joined metal member 20 viewed from three directions.

As shown in FIG. 15 a , the surface-side abutting portion J10 formed by abutting the end surface T1 (see FIG. 14 ) of the first metal member 20 a and the fourth side S4 of the second metal member 20 b is exposed on the surface A of the metal member 20 to be joined. In addition, the rear side abutting portion J11 formed by abutting the end face T1 of the first metal member 20 a and the fourth side S4 of the second metal member 20 b is exposed on the rear face B of the metal member 20 to be joined.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 15 a , the substantially U-shaped first connection mating portion J20 formed by abutting the first metal member 20 a with the connection member U2 is exposed on the first side S1 of the first metal member 20 a. In addition, as shown in FIG. 15c , the substantially U-shaped second connection butt joint portion J21 formed by the first metal member 20a abutting with the connection member U2 is exposed on the second side surface S2 of the first metal member 20a.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 15a and FIG. 15c, the surface side abutment part J10 and the back side abutment part J11 are respectively exposed to the 1st side surface S1 and the 2nd side surface S2.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 15b , the third connecting butt joint portion J22 formed by abutting the second metal member 20b on the upper surface and the lower surface of the connecting member U2 is exposed on the end surface T2 of the second metal member 20b. The substantially U-shaped fourth connecting mating portion J23 formed by mating the second metal member 20b with the connecting member U2 is exposed on the third side surface S3 of the second metal member 20b.

Next, a specific joining method of the third embodiment will be described.

The joining method of Embodiment 3 includes (1) a first preparation process, (2) a first formal joining process, (3) a protruding material cutting process, (4) a second preparation process, (5) a second formal joining process, ( 6) overhanging material removal process, (7) the third preparation process, (8) the third formal joining process, (9) protrusion material cutting process, (10) the fourth preparation process, (11) the fourth main joining process and ( 12) Protruding material removal process.

The joining method according to the third embodiment is a method of performing friction stir welding of each butting portion of the metal members to be joined by arranging and cutting protruding materials in each process. As the protrusion material, a new protrusion material is used in each process.

(1) The first preparation process

The first preparatory process is a process performed before the first formal joining process, including: (1-1) the first insertion process of inserting the connecting member U2 into the first metal member 20a; The (1-2) protruding material arrangement process of the intermediate member formed in the process; the (1-3) temporary welding process of welding the intermediate member and the protruding material; and the (1-4) intermediate member of setting the intermediate member on the friction stir device Set up the process.

(1-1) First insertion process

As shown in FIG. 16a, the first insertion step is a step of inserting one end side of the connection member U2 into the groove kc of the first metal member 20a. The member formed by the first insertion step is referred to as an intermediate member 21 below.

(1-2) Protruding material arrangement process

As shown in FIG. 16 b , the protruding member arranging step is a step of arranging a pair of first protruding members 2 and second protruding members 3 at the inner corner portion of the intermediate member 21 . The upper and lower surfaces of the first protruding material 2 and the second protruding material 3 are flush with the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate member 21 .

(1-3) Temporary welding process

The provisional welding step is a step of welding the first protrusion member 2 and the inner corners 2 a and 2 b of the intermediate member 21 , and the second protrusion member 3 and the inner corners 3 a and 3 b of the intermediate member 21 . Thereby, it is possible to prevent slits at the time of friction stirring the abutting portion of the protruding member and the intermediate member 21 in the main joining process described later.

(1-4) Intermediate member setting process

The intermediate member installation step is a step of fixing the intermediate member 21 to a friction stir device not shown. In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16 b , the intermediate member 21 is fixed to the friction stir device with the first side S1 side of the intermediate member 21 as the upper surface.

(2) The first full joining process

The first main joining step is a step of friction stirring the butted portion of the first metal member 20 a and the connection member U2 . The first final joining step includes: a first joint butt joining step of performing friction stir welding from the first side surface S1 of the intermediate member 21; an intermediate member reinstallation step of resetting the intermediate member 21 on the friction stir device; The second side surface S2 of 21 is subjected to a friction stirring second connecting mating portion joining process. In the first main joining process, a small rotary tool F is used, which is relatively effective in small turning.

(2-1) First connection mating portion joining process

As shown in FIG. 16 b , the step of joining the first connection mating portion is a step of performing friction stirring along the first connection mating portion J20 . In Embodiment 3, friction stirring is performed in a continuous trajectory from the start position S _M1 set on the first protrusion member 2 to the end position E _M1 set on the second protrusion member 3 . After the small rotary tool F is pressed against the starting position S _M1 of the first protruding member 2, it is moved toward the starting point h1 of the first connection mating portion J20. Then, friction stirring is performed along the first connecting butt joint J20. After the small rotary tool F has moved to the end point h2, it is moved to the end position E _M1 set in the second protrusion member 3 in this state without being separated. Thereby, the first connection plasticized region w20 is formed on the first connection butt joint portion J20.

(2-2) Intermediate member reinstallation process

After the first connection mating portion bonding step is completed, the restraint of the intermediate member 21 is temporarily released, and the front and back are reversed, and then the intermediate member 21 is placed on the friction stir device again.

(2-3) Second connection mating part joining process

Although not specifically shown, the second mating portion joining step is a step of friction stirring the second mating portion J21 (see FIG. 15c ) exposed on the second side surface S2 side of the first metal member 20a. Since the second connection mating portion bonding step is substantially the same as the first connection mating portion bonding step, detailed description thereof will be omitted. Thereby, the second connection plasticized region w21 is formed on the second connection mating portion J21 (see FIG. 17 and FIG. 21 ).

Furthermore, in the third embodiment, the starting position S _M1 of friction stirring is set on the first protruding member 2 , but it is not limited thereto, and may be provided on the second protruding member 3 . In addition, since the friction stir device is different, the step of reinstalling the intermediate member can also be omitted.

(3) Protruding material removal process

The protruding material cutting process is a process of cutting the first protruding material 2 and the second protruding material 3 from the intermediate member 21 that has completed the first main joining process.

(4) Second preparation process

The second preparatory process is the process carried out before the second formal joining process, as shown in Figure 17, it includes: the second insertion process of inserting the intermediate member 21 into the second metal member 20b to form the metal member to be joined; The process of arranging the protruding material on the metal member to be joined 20 ; the temporary welding process of welding the metal member 20 to be joined and the protruding material; and the process of setting the metal member to be joined 20 on the friction stir device.

(4-1) Second insertion process

As shown in FIG. 17, the second insertion step is a step of inserting the intermediate member 21 into the second metal member 20b. That is, the groove kd of the second metal member 20b is fitted into the relevant part of the connection member U2 of the intermediate member 21, and the end surface T1 of the first metal member 20a is abutted against the fourth side S4 of the second metal member 20b. The metal member 20 to be joined.

(4-2) Overhanging material arrangement process

As shown in FIGS. 15 and 18 a , the protruding member arranging step is a step of arranging a pair of opposing first protruding members 2 and second protruding members 3 on both side surfaces of the metal member 20 to be joined. The first protruding member 2 is provided so as to cover the surface-side abutting portion J10 and the back-side abutting portion J11 on the first side surface S1 side of the first metal member 20a. In addition, the second protruding material 3 is disposed so as to cover the front-side abutting portion J10 and the back-side abutting portion J11 at an inner corner portion formed by the first metal member 20a and the second metal member 20b.

(4-3) Temporary welding process

The provisional welding step is a step of welding the first protrusion material 2 and the metal member 20 to be joined, and the second protrusion material 3 and the metal member 20 to be joined. Thereby, cracking at the time of friction-stirring the abutting portion of the protruding material and the metal member 20 to be joined in the main joining process described later can be prevented.

(4-4) Installation process of metal members to be joined

The to-be-joined metal member setting step is a step of fixing the to-be-joined metal member 20 to a friction stir device (not shown). As shown in FIG. 18A , in Embodiment 3, the surface A side of the metal member 20 to be joined is directed upward and fixed to the friction stir device.

(5) The second formal bonding process

The second main joining step is a step of performing friction stir welding along the front side butt joint portion J10 and the back side butt joint portion J11 from the front side A side and the back side B side of the metal member 20 to be joined. The second main joining process includes: a front side butt joint joining process of friction stirring the front side butt joint J10; a joint metal member resetting process of inverting and resetting the joined metal member 20; and an opposing back side butt joint. J11 performs the friction stirring back side abutting part joining process. Furthermore, a large-sized rotary tool G is used in the second main joining process.

(5-1) Surface side mating part joining process

As shown in FIG. 18A , the surface side butting portion joining step is a step of friction stirring the surface side butting portion J10 . In Embodiment 3, the friction stirring is performed continuously from the start position S _M2 set on the first protruding member 2 to the end position E _M2 set on the second protruding member 3 in the surface side abutting portion joining process. That is, after the large rotary tool G is pushed to the start position S _M2 , the large rotary tool G is moved to the start point h3 of the surface side abutting portion joining process, passes through the end point h4 without deviating, and reaches the end position E _M2 After that, pull the large rotary tool G up. Thereby, the surface-side plasticized region W10 is formed in the surface-side abutting portion J10.

(5-2) Reinstallation process of metal members to be joined

After the surface-side abutting portion joining process is completed, the restraint of the metal member 20 to be joined is temporarily released, and the front and back are reversed, and then the metal member 20 to be joined is placed on the friction stir device again.

(5-3) Joining process of back side mating part

Although not shown in detail, the back side butt joint joining step is a step of friction stirring the back side butt joint J11 exposing the back side of the metal member 20 to be joined. Since the step of joining the back side abutting portion is substantially the same as the step of joining the front side abutting portion, detailed description thereof will be omitted. Thereby, the back side plasticized area|region W11 is formed in the back side abutting part J11 (refer FIG. 18b).

Furthermore, before performing the surface-side abutting portion joining step and the back-side abutting portion joining step, the first protruding member 2 and the second protruding member 3 may be provided with lower holes in advance.

(6) Protruding material removal process

The protruding material cutting process is a process of cutting the first protruding material 2 and the second protruding material 3 from the metal member 20 to be joined which has completed the second main joining process.

Moreover, FIG. 18b is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 18a. As shown in FIG. 18b, the depth Wa of the surface-side plasticized region W10 is preferably greater than the distance u _a from the surface A of the metal member 20 to be joined to the connecting member U2. In this way, when the surface-side plasticized region W10 is in contact with the connection member U2, friction stirring can be reliably performed over the entire length of the surface-side butting portion J10 in the depth direction. In addition, by overlapping the first connection plasticized region w20 with the front side plasticized region W10 and the first connection plasticized region w20 with the back side plasticized region W11, the front side butt joint J10 and the back side butt joint J10 can be reliably closed. J11 and the first connection docking part J20. The same applies to the second side surface S2 side. By overlapping the plasticized regions, the surface-side abutting portion J10, the back-side abutting portion J11, and the second connection abutting portion J21 are reliably closed.

(7) The third preparation process

The third preparatory process is a process performed before the third main joining process, including: a protruding material arrangement process of disposing protruding materials along the surface A and the back surface B of the metal member 20 to be joined and the third side surface S3 of the second metal member 20b ; a provisional welding step of welding the metal member 20 to be joined and each protrusion; and a metal member setting step of setting the metal member 20 to be joined in a friction stir device.

(7-1) Protruding material arrangement process

As shown in FIG. 19 , in the protruding member arranging step, the first protruding material 2 is arranged on the back surface B of the metal member 20 to be joined along the back side plasticized region W11 . The 2nd protrusion material 3 is arrange|positioned along the 3rd side surface S3 of the 2nd metal member 20b. In addition, the third protrusion 4 is arranged along the surface-side plasticized region W10 on the surface A of the metal member 20 to be joined.

(7-2) Temporary welding process

The provisional welding step is a step of welding the first protruding material 2 and the metal member 20 to be joined, the second protruding material 3 and the metal member 20 to be joined, and the third protruding material 4 and the metal member 20 to be joined, respectively. Thereby, it is possible to prevent cracks from being generated at the time of friction stirring the abutting portion of the protruding material and the metal member 20 to be joined in the main joining process described later.

(7-3) Installation process of metal members to be joined

The to-be-joined metal member setting step is a step of fixing the to-be-joined metal member 20 to a friction stir device (not shown). As shown in FIG. 19 , in Embodiment 3, the end face T2 of the second metal member 20 b is fixed to the friction stir device so that it faces upward.

(8) The third formal bonding process

The third main joining step is a step of performing friction stirring from the end face T2 side of the second metal member 20b. The third formal bonding process includes: a back side butt joint process of friction stirring the back side butt joint portion J11 formed on the end surface T2; a connecting abutting portion joining step; and a front side abutting portion joining step of friction stirring the front side abutting portion J10 formed on the end surface T2. That is, friction stirring is performed in a continuous trajectory from the start position S _M3 set on the first protrusion material 2 to the end position E _M3 set on the third protrusion material 4 via the second protrusion material 3 . The small rotary tool F is used in the third main joining process.

(8-1) Joining process of back side mating part

The back side mating portion bonding step is a step of friction stirring the mating portion where the first side surface S1 is exposed. In the present embodiment, since all friction stirring has been performed on the rear side abutting portion J11 exposing the first side surface S1 in (5) the second main joining step, the rear side plasticized region W11 is friction stirred again.

That is, as shown in FIG. 19 , the friction stirring is continuously performed from the start position S _M3 set on the first protruding member 2 to the contact point h5 where the connecting member U2 contacts the back side abutting portion J11 .

(8-2) The third connection mating part joining process

The third butt joint joining step is a step of continuously performing friction stirring from the contact point h5 to the contact point h8 between the connection member U2 and the surface-side butt part J10 . That is, after the small rotary tool F reaches the contact point h5, friction stirring is performed along the third connection and abutment portion J22a without detaching, and the small rotary tool F moves to the change point h6 set in the second protrusion member 3 . Then, on the second protruding member 3 , it is moved to a point (change point h7 ) on the extension line between the upper surface of the connecting member U2 and the mating surface of the second metal member 20 b. Then, the small rotary tool F is friction stirred along the third connecting and abutting portion J22b up to the contact point h8 without detaching the small rotary tool F.

(8-3) Surface-side butt joint joining process

The surface-side mating portion joining step is a step of friction stirring the mating portion where the first side surface S1 is exposed. In the present embodiment, the surface-side abutting portion J10 exposed to the first side surface S1 has already been completely friction-stirred in (5) the second main joining step, so the surface-side plasticized region W10 is friction-stirred again. That is, the friction stirring is continuously performed from the contact point h8 to the end position E _M3 set at the third protrusion member 4 .

(9) Protruding material removal process

The protruding material cutting process is a process of cutting the first protruding material 2 , the second protruding material 3 , and the third protruding material 4 from the joined metal member 20 after the third main joining process.

Thus, by performing the third main bonding step, the third connection plasticized region w22 is formed on the end surface T2. Since the third connection plasticized region w22 overlaps with the surface-side plasticized region W10 and the rear-side plasticized region W11 , the butt portion exposed on the side surface can be more reliably closed. In addition, when continuous tunnel-shaped void defects occur in the surface-side plasticized region W10 and the rear-side plastically damaged region W11, or the oxide film is entangled, the voids can be repaired by burying the voids in the third main bonding process.

(10) The fourth preparation process

As shown in FIG. 20, the fourth preparatory process is a process performed before the fourth main joining process, which includes: a protruding material arrangement process of disposing a protruding material on the end surface T2 of the second metal member 20b; welding the second metal member 20b A provisional welding process with the protruding material; and a metal member setting process of setting the metal member 20 to be joined in a friction stir device not shown.

(10-1) Protruding material arrangement process

The protruding member arranging step is a step of arranging the first protruding members 2 along the end surface T2 of the second metal member 20b.

(10-2) Temporary welding process

The provisional welding step is a step of provisionally welding the first protruding member 2 and the inner corners 2a, 2b of the second metal member 20b. Thereby, cracking at the time of friction-stirring the butt part of the 1st protrusion material 2 and the 2nd metal member 20b in the main joining process mentioned later can be prevented.

(10-3) Installation process of metal members to be joined

The to-be-joined metal member setting step is a step of fixing the to-be-joined metal member 20 to a friction stir device (not shown). As shown in FIG. 20 , in Embodiment 3, the third side surface S3 of the second metal member 20 b is fixed to the friction stir device facing upward.

(11) The fourth formal bonding process

The fourth main joining step is a step of performing friction stir welding from the third side surface S3 side of the second metal member 20b. The fourth final joining process includes a fourth connection butt joining process of friction stirring the connection member U2 and the fourth connection butt joint J23 of the second metal member 20b.

(11-1) Fourth connection and mating portion joining process

As shown in FIG. 20 , the fourth connection mating portion joining step is a step of continuously friction stirring from the start point h9 of the fourth connection mating portion joining step to the end point h10 . That is, in the present embodiment, the small rotary tool F is moved in a continuous trajectory from the starting position S _M4 provided on the first protruding member 2, and friction stirring is performed along the fourth connection and mating portion J23. Then, the friction stirring is continuously carried out to the end position E _M4 set on the extension line of the fourth connection mating portion J23 .

(12) Protruding material removal process

The protruding material cutting process is a process of cutting the first protruding material 2 from the second metal member 20b that has completed the fourth main joining process.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 20 , in the fourth main joining step, friction stirring is performed over the entire length of the fourth connection butt joint portion J23 to form the fourth connection plasticized region w23 . Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13 , since the fourth connection plasticized region w23 can overlap with the third connection plasticized region w22 formed in the third final joining step, the butt joint can be sealed more reliably.

According to the third embodiment described above, even when the first metal member 20a and the second metal member 20b butt against each other at a substantially right angle, the butt portion where the side and end faces of the metal member 20 to be joined can be exposed can be efficiently and reliably The friction stirring can further improve the quality of the product. In addition, by overlapping the plasticized regions formed in the joining steps, it is possible to more reliably close the butt joint.

Moreover, FIG. 21 is a perspective view which looked at the metal member 20 to be joined from the 2nd side surface S2 side. In the third embodiment, friction stirring is not performed on the inner corner R1 formed by the first metal member 20a and the second metal member 20b. Therefore, welding can be performed at the inner corner R1.

For example, even when void defects and oxide film entrapment occur in the surface-side plasticized region W10 and the rear-side plasticized region W11, these defects can be closed with weld metal by performing protrusion welding such as TIG welding and MIG welding.

Here, in the third embodiment, after the first to fourth main bonding steps are performed, it is preferable to remove burrs generated in these steps to smooth the surface. Thereby, in each protrusion material arrangement|positioning process, a protrusion material is brought into close contact with the metal member 20 to be joined.

In addition, although friction stirring was performed in the said order in this embodiment, it is not limited to this. For example, the third main joining step or the fourth main joining step may be performed after the first main joining step.

Implementation Mode Four

Embodiment 4 is a joining method in which the process sequence of Embodiment 3 is changed. That is, bonding is performed in the order of the fourth main joining step, the third main joining step, the second main joining step, and the first main joining step in the third embodiment.

Specifically, the joining method of Embodiment 4 includes (1) a fourth preparation process, (2) a fourth formal joining process, (3) a protruding material cutting process, (4) a third preparation process, (5) a third formal joining process, and (4) a third preparation process. Joining process, (6) overhanging material removal process, (7) second preparation process, (8) second final joining process, (9) overhanging material removal process, (10) first preparation process, (11) first formal Joining process, (12) Protruding material cutting process.

Furthermore, the same metal member as that of the metal member to be joined 20 in the third embodiment is used in the joining method of the fourth embodiment. In addition, description is simplified about the substantially same process as other embodiment.

(1) The fourth preparation process

The fourth preparation process includes: a third insertion process of inserting the connection member U2 into the second metal member 20b; a protrusion material arranging process of arranging the protrusion material on the intermediate member formed in the third insertion process; welding the intermediate member and the protrusion material. and an intermediate member setting step of setting the intermediate member on a friction stir device not shown.

(1-1) The third insertion process

As shown in FIGS. 22 a and 22 b , the third insertion step is a step of inserting the connection member U2 into the groove kd of the second metal member 20 b to form the intermediate member 24 . The connection member U2 is inserted into the groove kd of the second metal member 20b, so that the side S5 of the connection member U2 is flush with the end surface T2 of the second metal member 20b. In addition, the side S6 of the connection member U2 is made flush with the third side S3 of the second metal member 20b.

(1-2) Protruding material arrangement process, (1-3) Temporary welding process, (1-4) Intermediate member installation process

Since the protruding member arrangement step, temporary welding step, and intermediate member installation step are substantially the same as the fourth preparation step of the third embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.

(2) The fourth formal bonding process

As shown in FIG. 22 b , the fourth final joining step is a step of friction stirring the fourth connection mating portion J23 from the third side surface S3 side of the intermediate member 24 . Since this step is substantially the same as the fourth final joining step of Embodiment 3, its description is omitted. By this friction stirring, the fourth connection plasticized region w23 is formed on the third side surface S3 of the second metal member 20b. After the fourth main joining process, the protruding material is cut off.

(4) The third preparation process

As shown in Figure 23a and Figure 23b, the third preparation process includes: inserting the connecting member U2 of the intermediate member 24 into the groove kc of the first metal member 20a to form the fourth insertion process of the metal member 20 to be joined; The protruding material disposing process placed on the metal member 20 to be joined; the temporary welding process of welding the metal member 20 to be joined and the protruding material; process.

(4-1) Fourth insertion process

The fourth insertion step is a step of inserting the connection member U2 of the intermediate member 24 into the first metal member 20a. That is, the connection member U2 is inserted into the groove kc of the first metal member 20a, and the end surface T1 of the first metal member 20a is abutted against the fourth side S4 of the second metal member 20b.

(4-2) Projecting material arrangement process, (4-3) Temporary welding process, (4-4) Metal member installation process to be joined

Since the process of arranging the protruding material, the temporary welding process, and the process of installing the metal member to be joined are substantially the same as the third preparation process of Embodiment 3, description thereof will be omitted.

(5) The third formal bonding process

As shown in FIG. 23b, in the third main joining process, from the starting position S _M3 set on the first protruding material 2 to the end position E _M3 set on the third protruding material 4 via the second protruding material 3 in a continuous orbital friction stir. By this friction stirring, the third connection plasticized region w22 is formed on the end surface T2. Since the third connection plasticized region w22 overlaps with the fourth connection plasticized region w23 , it is possible to reliably close the butt portion exposed on the side surface of the metal member 20 to be joined.

In addition, since this step is substantially the same as the third main bonding step of Embodiment 3, detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, after the third main joining process is completed, the protruding material is cut off.

(7) The second preparation process

The second preparatory process is a process performed before the second main joining process, which includes: a protruding material arrangement process of disposing the protruding material on the metal member 20 to be joined; a temporary welding process of welding the metal member 20 to be joined and the protruding material; The metal member to be joined 20 is installed in the metal member installation process of the friction stir device.

Since the second preparation step is substantially the same as that of the third embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.

(8) The second formal bonding process

As shown in FIGS. 24a and 24b , the second main joining step is a step of performing friction stir welding from the front A side and the back B side of the metal member 20 to be joined along the front side butt joint portion J10 and the back side butt joint portion J11 . The second main joining process includes: a front side butt joint joining process of friction stirring the front side butt joint J10; a joint metal member resetting process of inverting and resetting the joined metal member 20; and an opposing back side butt joint. J11 performs the friction stirring back side abutting part joining process. A large rotary tool G is used in the second main joining process.

In (8-1) the joining process of the surface side mating part, (8-2) the reinstallation process of the metal member to be joined, and (8-3) the joining process of the rear side mating part, due to the second main joining process of the third embodiment are substantially the same, so their descriptions are omitted. Fig. 24b is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of Fig. 24a. As shown in FIG. 24b, since the third connection plasticized region w22 formed in the third final bonding step can be overlapped with the surface side plasticized region W10 and the rear side plasticized region W11 through the second main bonding step, it is possible to The abutment portion exposing the side surface of the metal member 20 to be joined is reliably closed. In addition, since the surface-side plasticized region W10 and the back-side plasticized region W11 are in contact with the connecting member U2, the front-side butting portion J10 and the back-side butting portion J11 can be more reliably closed. And after the second main joining process, the protruding material is cut off.

(10) The first preparation process

The first preparatory process is a process performed before the first formal joining process, including: a protruding material arrangement process of disposing the protruding material on the metal member 20 to be joined; a temporary welding process of welding the metal member 20 to be joined and the protruding material; The metal member to be joined 20 is installed in the metal member installation process of the friction stir device. Since each step of the first preparation step is substantially the same as the first preparation step of the third embodiment described above, description thereof will be omitted.

(11) The first formal bonding process

As shown in FIG. 25 , the first main joining step is a step of performing friction stir welding on the butted portion of the first metal member 20 a and the connection member U2 . The first formal joining process includes: performing friction stir welding from the first side surface S1 side of the first metal member 20a for the first connection butt joint joining process; resetting the joined metal member 20 to the joined metal member of the friction stir device; an installation step; and a second connection mating portion joining step of performing friction stir welding from the second side surface S2 of the first metal member 20a. In the first main joining process, a small rotary tool F is used, which is relatively effective in small turning.

(11-1) Step of joining the first connection mating part

As shown in FIG. 25a, the first joint butt joint process is a process of performing friction stirring in a continuous trajectory along the first joint joint J20 from the start position S _M1 set on the first protruding member 2 to the end position E _M1 . . Friction stirring the first connection butt joint portion J20 can make the first connection plasticized region w20 formed in the first final joining process overlap with the surface-side plasticized region W10 and the back-side plasticized region W11, and thus more reliably The surface-side abutting portion J10 and the back-side abutting portion J11 are closed.

(11-2) Reinstallation process of metal members to be joined

After the first connection and mating portion joining step is completed, the front and back of the metal member 20 to be joined are reversed and placed on the friction stir device again.

(11-3) Second connection and mating portion joining process

As shown in Figure 25b and Figure 25c, the second connection butt joint part joining process is to weld the inner corner R2 of the first metal member 20a and the second metal member 20b, and weld the first metal member 20a and the second connecting member U2. 2. The process of connecting the butt joint J21 to perform friction stirring.

That is, welding such as TIG welding or MIG welding is performed on the surface-side plasticized region W10 and the back-side plasticized region W11 of the inner corner R2 . Thereby, defects such as void defects and oxide film entrapment in the exposed surface-side plasticized region W10 and the rear-side plasticized region W11 can be sealed with the solder metal. Also, the inside corners are appropriately welded as needed.

As shown in FIG. 25c , on the second connection butt joint portion J21 , friction stirring is performed in a continuous trajectory from the start position S _M1 set on the first protruding member 2 along the second connection butt joint portion J21 to the end position E _M1 . Furthermore, it is preferable to overlap the second connection plasticized region w21 formed in the second connection mating portion joining step with the weld metal formed in the inner corner portion R2. Thereby, the inner corner R2 and the second connecting butt joint J21 of the metal member 20 to be joined can be reliably closed.

As described above, in Embodiment 4, the same effects as those in Embodiment 3 can be obtained by performing friction stirring in the order of the fourth, third, second, and first final bonding steps.

In addition, although friction stir welding is performed in the above-mentioned order in Embodiment 4, it is not limited to this. For example, after the third insertion step, the third main joining step and the fourth main joining step may be sequentially performed.

Implementation Mode Five

The joining method of Embodiment 5 is a method of joining the first metal member 20a, the second metal member 20b, the third metal member 20c having substantially the same shape as the first metal member 20a, and the connecting member U3 into a T-shape in plan view.

That is, as shown in FIG. 27 , the joined metal member 30 of the fifth embodiment uses a connecting member U3 having a wider width than the connecting member U2 used in the fourth embodiment. The joined metal member 30 is formed by inserting the first metal member 20a and the third metal member 20c into both ends of the connection member U3, and inserting the second metal member 20b between the first metal member 20a and the third metal member 20c. .

Embodiment 5 includes (1) the first preparation process, (2) the fifth formal joining process, (3) the protruding material removal process, (4) the second preparation process, (5) the sixth formal joining process, (6) the protrusion material cutting process, (7) the third preparation process and (8) the seventh formal joining process.

In addition, descriptions of steps substantially the same as those in other embodiments are simplified.

(1) The first preparation process

The first preparatory process is a process performed before the fifth main joining process, which includes: a fifth insertion process of inserting each member to form an intermediate member; a protrusion material arrangement process of arranging the protrusion material on the intermediate member; welding the intermediate member and the protrusion a temporary welding process of materials; and an intermediate member setting process of setting the intermediate member on a friction stir device not shown.

(1-1) Fifth insertion process

As shown in FIG. 28 , the fifth insertion step is a step of forming the intermediate member 34 by fitting the first metal member 20 a , the third metal member 20 c , and the connection member U3 . The intermediate member 34 is to insert the first metal member 20a and the third metal member 20c into the two ends of the connection member U3, and make the first side S1 of the first metal member 20a, the fifth side S7 of the third metal member 20c and the connection member U2 is formed flush with side S5.

(1-2) Protruding material arrangement process

As shown in FIG. 28, in the protruding material arrangement process, a pair of first protruding materials 2 and second protruding materials 3 are arranged on the inner corners of the first metal member 20a and the connecting member U2, and a pair of third protruding materials are arranged. The material 4 and the fourth protruding material 5 are arranged at the inner corners of the third metal member 20c and the connecting member U3.

(1-3) Temporary welding process, (1-4) Intermediate member installation process

The provisional welding step is a step of welding the intermediate member 34 and the first to fourth projecting members 2 to 5 . Then, the intermediate member 34 formed by joining the first to fourth protrusion members 2 to 5 is set in a friction stir device (not shown), and the first side S1 of the first metal member 20 a is directed upward.

(2) The fifth formal bonding process

The fifth formal joining process includes: a first joint joining process of friction stirring the first joint joint J20; a fifth joint joint process of friction stirring the fifth joint joint J24.

(2-1) First connection mating portion joining process

The first connection mating part joining process is from the starting point m1 set at the inner corner of the first protrusion 2 and the first metal member 20a to the inner corner of the second protrusion 3 and the first metal member 20a. The process of friction stirring is performed at the end point m2. In the present embodiment, friction stirring is performed in a continuous trajectory from the start position S _M5 set in the first protruding member 2 to the end position E _M5 along the first connection and mating portion J20 .

(2-2) Fifth connection and mating portion joining process

The fifth connecting mating portion joining step is from the starting point m3 set at the inner corner of the third protrusion 4 and the third metal member 20c to the inner corner set at the fourth protrusion 5 and the third metal member 20c. The process of performing friction stirring at the end point m4. In the present embodiment, friction stirring is performed in a continuous trajectory from the start position S _M5 set in the third protrusion member 4 to the end position E _M5 along the fifth connection butt joint portion J24 . After the fifth main joining process is completed, the first to fourth protrusions 2 to 5 are cut off from the intermediate member 34 . A fifth connection plasticized region w24 is formed at the fifth connection butt joint portion J24.

(4) Second preparation process

The second preparatory process is a process performed before the sixth main joining process, including: a sixth insertion process of inserting each member to form the metal member 30 to be joined; a protruding material arranging process of disposing the protruding material on the metal member 30 to be joined; A provisional welding step of welding the metal member 30 to be joined and the protruding material; and a metal member installation step of setting the metal member 30 to be joined on a friction stir device not shown.

(4-1) Sixth Insertion Step, (4-2) Protruding Material Arrangement Step

As shown in FIGS. 27 and 29 , the sixth insertion step is a step of inserting the intermediate member 34 into the second metal member 20 b to form the metal member 30 to be joined. Then, the first protruding material 2 to the fourth protruding material 5 are arranged on the metal member 30 to be joined.

The first protruding member 2 is disposed along the butt portion of the third metal member 20c and the second metal member 20b on the side of the surface A, that is, the second surface side abutment portion J42. The second protruding member 3 is arranged on the surface A side along the first surface side abutting portion J40 which is the abutting portion between the first metal member 20a and the second metal member 20b. The third protruding member 4 is arranged along the second back side abutting portion J43, which is the abutting portion of the second metal member 20b and the third metal member 20c, on the back side B side. The fourth protruding member 5 is disposed on the back side B along the first back side butt joint portion J41 which is the butt portion between the first metal member 20a and the second metal member 20b.

(4-3) Temporary welding process, (4-4) Installation process of metal members to be joined

The provisional welding step is a step of welding the first to fourth projecting members 2 to 5 to the metal member 30 to be joined. Then, the metal member 30 to be joined to which the protruding material is welded is set in a friction stir device, and the first side surface S1 of the first metal member 20a is directed upward.

(5) The sixth formal bonding process

The sixth main joining process includes: a surface-side joining path of friction stirring the mating portion on the surface A side of the metallic member 30 to be joined; and a back side joining path of friction stirring the mating portion on the back surface B side.

The surface-side joining path includes: (5-1) second surface-side butt joint joining process of friction stirring the second surface-side joint J42; (5-2) third joint joint process of friction stirring the third joint joint J22; a connecting abutting portion joining step; and (5-3) a first surface side abutting portion joining step of friction stirring the first surface side abutting portion J40 .

That is, the surface-side joining path is a process in which the second surface-side abutting portion joining step, the third connection abutting portion joining step, and the first surface-side abutting portion joining step perform friction stirring in a continuous trajectory from the start point m5 to the end point m6. In the present embodiment, friction stirring is performed without deviating from the small rotary tool F from the start position _SM6 set on the first protrusion member 2 to the end position E _M6 set on the second protrusion member 3 .

On the other hand, the back side bonding path includes: (5-4) second back side butt joint part joining process of friction stirring the second back side butt joint part J43; 5) 3rd butt joint part joining process; and (5-6) 1st back side butt joint part joining process of friction-stirring the 1st back side butt joint part J41.

That is, the back side joining path is a process of performing friction stirring in a continuous trajectory from the start point m7 to the end point m8 in the second back side butt joint joining step, the third connection butt joint joining step, and the first back side butt joint joining step. In the present embodiment, the small rotary tool F is friction-stirred from the start position S _M6 set on the third protrusion member 4 to the end position E _M6 set on the fourth protrusion member 5 without deviating.

After the sixth main joining process is completed, the first to fourth protrusions 2 to 5 are cut off from the metal member 30 to be joined.

(7) The third preparation process

The third preparatory process is a process performed before the seventh formal joining process, including: a protruding material arrangement process of disposing the protruding material on the metal member 30 to be joined; a temporary welding process of welding the protruding material and the metal member 30 to be joined; The to-be-joined metal member 30 is installed in the to-be-joined metal member installation process of the friction stir apparatus which is not shown in figure.

(7-1) Protruding material arrangement process

As shown in FIG. 30 , the protrusion member arranging step is a step of disposing the first protrusion material 2 to the fourth protrusion material 5 on the metal member 30 to be joined. The first protruding member 2 is arranged along the first surface-side abutting portion J40 on the first side surface S1 side of the first metal member 20a. The second protruding material 3 is disposed at an inner corner of the first metal member 20a and the second metal member 20b. The third protrusion 4 is arranged along the second surface side abutting portion J42 on the fifth side surface S7 side of the third metal member 20c. The fourth protruding material 5 is disposed at the inner corner of the second metal member 20b and the third metal member 20c.

(7-2) Temporary welding process, (7-3) Installation process of metal members to be joined

The provisional welding step is a step of welding the first to fourth projecting members 2 to 5 to the metal member 30 to be joined. Then, the metal member 30 to be joined to which the protruding material is welded is set on a friction stir device with the surface A side facing upward.

(8) The seventh formal bonding process

The seventh final joining process includes: the first surface side butt joint part joining process of friction stirring the first surface side butt joint part J40 on the surface side of the metal member 30 to be joined; The second surface side abutting portion joining process in which the side abutting portion J42 is friction stirred; the first back side abutting portion joining process in which the first back side abutting portion J41 is friction stirred on the back side of the metal member 30 to be joined; A second back side abutting portion joining process of friction stirring the second back side abutting portion J43 on the back side of the joining metal member 30 . The large rotary tool G is used in the seventh main joining process.

(8-1) First surface side mating portion joining step, (8-2) Second surface side mating portion joining step

The first surface side abutting portion joining step is a process of performing friction stirring along the first surface side abutting portion J40 from the start position S _M7 set on the first protruding member 2 to the end position E _M7 set on the second protruding member 3 . The second surface side abutting portion joining step is a process of performing friction stirring along the second surface side abutting portion J42 from the start position _SM7 set at the third protrusion member 4 to the end position E _M7 set at the fourth protrusion member 5 .

In addition, as shown in FIG. 26 , even on the back side B of the metal member 30 to be joined, the first back side butt joint is performed substantially in the same manner as the first front side butt joint process and the second front side butt joint process. Step, the second rear side abutting portion joining step.

Fig. 26b is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII of Fig. 26a. As shown in FIG. 26b, the inner corners R3, R4 of the metal member 30 to be joined can be welded. For example, by performing MIG welding or TIG welding on the inside corners R3 and R4, even in the first surface-side plasticized region W40, the second surface-side plasticized region W42, the first back-side plasticized region W41, and the second Even when oxide film entrapment and void defects occur in the plasticized region W43 on the back side, these defects can be sealed with solder metal.

According to the fifth embodiment described above, even when the first metal member 20a, the second metal member 20b, the third metal member 20c, and the connecting member U3 are fitted in a T-shape in a plan view, the same as that of the first embodiment The joining method is the same, friction stirring is performed on the mating portions exposed on the surface A and the back surface B sides, and the mating portions exposed on the side surfaces of the metal members 30 to be joined can be efficiently friction stirred. In addition, as shown in FIG. 26a, by overlapping the plasticized regions formed in each step, it is possible to more reliably close the butt joint. That is, for example, by overlapping the first surface-side plasticized region W40 , the third connection plasticized region w22 , and the first connection plasticized region w20 , it is possible to more reliably close the butt joint.

Embodiment six

Next, Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 31 is an overall perspective view of a bonding method according to Embodiment 6. FIG. As shown in FIG. 31 , the joining method of Embodiment 6 is a method of performing friction stir welding on the butt parts exposed on the surface A, the back surface B, the first side C, and the second side D of the metal member 70 to be joined, respectively, wherein, The joined metal member 70 includes a first metal member 710a, a second metal member 710b, and a connection member 720 provided between the first metal member 710a and the second metal member 710b. Each step will be described in detail below.

The bonding method of the present embodiment includes (1) a butt joint process, (2) a first stepped part provisional bonding process, (3) a first stepped part final bonding process, (4) a connecting member arrangement process, and (5) a surface provisional bonding process. , (6) surface main bonding process, (7) second step part main bonding process, (8) side surface main bonding process.

First, as shown in FIG. 32 , two metal members (a first metal member 710a and a second metal member 710b ) and a connection member 720 provided between the first metal member 710a and the second metal member 710b will be described.

The first metal member 710a, the second metal member 710b, and the connecting member 720 are made of friction-stirable metal materials such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, and magnesium alloy. In this embodiment, the first metal member 710a, the second metal member 710b, and the connection member 720 are made of metal materials having the same composition.

The first metal member 710a and the second metal material 710b are members of substantially the same shape, and include: a main body Q as a thick part; In the following description, among the side surfaces 711 and 714 of the main body Q, the side 711 erected from the surface 716 of the stepped portion R is called "upright side 711", and the other side 714 is called "exposed side 714". In addition, among the side surfaces 715 and 718 (see FIG. 32d ) of the stepped portion R, the side surface 715 butted against the other stepped portion R is called “butted side surface 715 ”, and the other side surface 718 is called “exposed side surface 718 ”. In this embodiment, the vertical side 711 of the main body Q stands vertically from the surface 716 of the stepped portion R (see FIG. 32c ), and is parallel to the abutting side surface 715 of the stepped portion R (see FIG. 32b ).

The stepped portion R is a portion smaller than the thickness of the main body Q, and is formed by plane cutting or cutting the surface 712 of the main body Q. As shown in FIG. 32c, the surface 716 of the stepped portion R is located at a level lower than the surface 712 of the main body Q, but the back surface 717 of the stepped portion R is flush with the back surface 713 of the main body Q. In addition, the abutting side surface 715 of the stepped portion R is perpendicular to the surface 716 of the stepped portion R. As shown in FIG. The depth dimension of the step R (the distance from the vertical side 711 of the main body Q to the abutting side 715 of the step R) is smaller than the radius of the shoulder G1 (= Y ₁ / 2) It's still big. The thickness t _B of the stepped portion R is not particularly limited, but it is set to 2/3 of the thickness t _A of the main body Q in the present embodiment.

In addition, the first metal member 710 a and the second metal member 710 b are also simply referred to as the metal member 710 .

(1) Docking process

As shown in FIG. 32 , the abutting step is a step of abutting the stepped portions R, R of the first metal member 710 a and the second metal member 710 b to form a concave portion 700 between the main body portions Q, Q. In the butt joint process, the butt side surface 715 of the stepped portion R of the second metal member 710b is closely attached to the butt side surface 715 of the stepped portion R of the first metal member 710a, and the surface of the stepped portion R of the first metal member 710a ( The upper surface) 716 is flush with the surface (upper surface) 716 of the stepped portion R of the second metal member 710b, and the back surface 717 of the stepped portion R of the first metal member 710a is aligned with the surface (upper surface) 716 of the stepped portion R of the second metal member 710b. The back 717 is flush. The abutting portion J720 is formed by abutting the stepped portions R of the first metal member 710 a and the second metal member 710 b against each other.

Moreover, when the steps R and R are butted against each other, the upright side surface 711 of the main body Q on one side and the upright side surface 711 of the main body Q on the other side are separated by a shoulder larger than that of the large rotary tool G (refer to FIG. 5 b ) described later. The outer diameter _Y1 of the part G1 is relatively large at intervals.

(2) Temporary joining process of the first stepped part

As shown in FIG. 33 , in the step of provisionally joining the first stepped portion, from the surface side, the butt joint J710 between the stepped portion R and the protruding member 730 on one side, the stepped portion R, the butt joint portion J720 between the Rs, and the stepped portion R and the butt joint J720. The abutting portion J730 of the protruding member 740 on the other side is temporarily joined.

As shown in Fig. 32a and Fig. 32b, the protruding materials 730, 740 are configured to sandwich the abutting portion J720, and have the size and shape to cover and hide the exposed side surfaces 718, 718 of the stepped portions R, R, respectively. The protruding members 730, 740 of this embodiment are butted against not only the exposed side surfaces 718, 718 of the step portions R, R, but also the exposed side surfaces 714, 714 of the main body portions Q, Q. The protruding members 730, 740 have the same thickness dimension as that of the stepped portion R (refer to FIG. 32d ), and are arranged to be flush with the front surface 716 and the back surface 717 of the stepped portion R, and are joined to the main body by welding in the above state. Q, exposed sides 714, 714 of Q. The material of the protruding members 730 and 740 is not particularly limited, but they are formed of a metal material having the same composition as the metal member 710 in the present embodiment.

Here, the length _L1 (see FIG. 5 ) of the stirring pin G2 of the large rotary tool G used in this embodiment is desirably set to 1/2 or more of the thickness t _B (see FIG. 2c ) of the stepped portion R. /4 or less, it is best to satisfy the relationship of 1.01≤2L ₁ /t _B ≤1.10.

As shown in FIG. 33 , in the step of provisionally joining the first stepped portion, a small rotary tool F is moved in a continuous bead, and friction stirring is continuously performed on the butting portions J710 , J720 , and J730 from the surface 716 side. That is, the stirring pin F2 (see FIG. 5a ) of the small rotary tool F inserted into the starting position S _P of friction stirring moves to the end position E _P without detaching on the way.

In addition, although the first stepped portion provisional joining step forms the track shown in FIG. 33 in Embodiment 1, it is not limited to this, and other tracks may be used.

(3) The main joining process of the first step

In the first stepped part main joining step, friction stirring is performed on the mating part J720 in the provisionally joined state from the surface 716 side of the stepped part R using the large rotary tool G. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 34a and Fig. 34b, the stirring pin G2 of the large rotary tool G is inserted (pressed) into the start position S _M1 , and the inserted stirring pin G2 is moved to the end position E without detaching on the way. _M1 .

When the large rotary tool G moves, the metal around the stirring pin G2 plasticizes and flows sequentially, and at a position away from the stirring pin G2, the plasticized flowing metal hardens again to form the first stepped portion plasticized region W71. When repairing a joining defect that may be included in the first stepped portion plasticized region W71 is desired, friction stirring may be performed on the first stepped portion plasticized region W71 as necessary.

After the temporary joining process of the first stepped part and the main joining process of the first stepped part are completed, the burrs generated during the friction stir are removed, and the surface 716 of the stepped part R (the bottom surface of the recessed part 700) is plane-cut to make it flat. Get smooth. In addition, in this embodiment, although the first stepped portion provisional joining step and the first stepped portion final joining step are performed from the front surface 716 side of the stepped portion R, they may be performed from the back surface 717 side of the stepped portion R.

(4) Connection member configuration process

As shown in Figure 35a and Figure 35b, in the connecting member arrangement process, the connecting member 720 is inserted into the recess 700, the connecting member 720 is docked on the two main body parts Q, Q, and a pair of protrusions 71, 72 are arranged for clamping connection. The member 720 is such that the protrusions 71 and 72 are butted against the connection member 720 .

Moreover, in the following description, among the side surfaces 721 and 722 of the connection member 720, the side surface 721 opposite to the side surface of the recessed part 700 (that is, the upright side surface 711 of the main body Q) is referred to as the "matching side surface 721", and the side surface 721 on the other side is The side 722 is referred to as "exposed side 722". In addition, when distinguishing the protrusion materials 71 and 72, the protrusion material 71 is called "1st protrusion material 71", and the protrusion material 72 is called "2nd protrusion material 72".

The connection member 720 is placed on the bottom surface of the concave portion 700 (that is, the surface 716 of the stepped portion R). The connecting member 720 of this embodiment is composed of a plate-shaped member having substantially the same planar shape (rectangular in this embodiment) as the recess 700, and when inserted into the recess 700, the abutting side 721 abuts against the standing side of the main body Q. 711 (see FIG. 36a and FIG. 36b ), and the exposed side 722 is flush with the exposed side 714 of the main body Q and the exposed side 718 of the stepped portion R (see FIG. 32a ). Although the thickness of the connection member 720 is not particularly limited, it is set to be the same as the depth of the recess 700 in this embodiment. The surface (upper surface) 712 of Q is flush (see Fig. 36b). In addition, although the material of the connecting member 720 is not particularly limited, it is formed of a metal material having the same composition as the metal member 710 in this embodiment.

The protruding materials 71 and 72 each have a size and a shape that cover and hide the joint (boundary line) between the body parts Q and Q that appear on the exposed side surface 722 side of the connecting member 720 and the connecting member 720 . The protruding members 71 and 72 of this embodiment are butted against not only the exposed side surfaces 722 of the connecting member 720 but also the exposed side surfaces 714 and 714 of the main body parts Q and Q. As shown in FIG.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 35 b , the protruding members 71 and 72 are provided flush with the surface 712 of the main body Q and the surface 723 of the connection member 720 , respectively. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the first protruding member 71 is placed on the surface (upper surface) of the protruding member 730 used for joining the stepped portions R, R, and is joined to the exposed side surfaces 714 of the main body portions Q, Q by welding. , 714. Similarly, the second protrusion 72 is placed on the surface (upper surface) of the protrusion 740 used for joining the steps R, R, and joined to the exposed side surfaces 714, 714 of the main body Q, Q by welding.

Furthermore, a member formed by arranging the connection member 720 on the first metal member 710 a and the second metal member 710 b is hereinafter referred to as a joined metal member 70 . In addition, as shown in FIG. 31 , the surface of the metal member 70 to be joined is a surface A, the back is a back B, one side is a first side C, and the other side is a second side D.

(5) Surface Temporary Bonding Process

In the surface provisional bonding step, preliminarily friction stirring is performed from the surface A side of the butted portion where the surface A of the metal member 70 to be joined is exposed. As shown in FIG. 37 , in the surface provisional bonding process, the butt joint portion J71 (fourth intersection point c74 to first intersection point c71 ) of the first protruding member 71 and the connecting member 720 and the first metal member 710a are fixed using a small rotary tool F. The abutting portion J72 (first intersection point c71 to second intersection point c72) of the main body Q and the connection member 720, the abutment portion J73 (second intersection point c72 to third intersection point c73) of the second protruding member 72 and the connection member 720 (second intersection point c72 to third intersection point c73), and the second The body part Q of the metal member 710b and the butt part J74 (third intersection point c73 to fourth intersection point c74 ) of the connection member 720 perform friction stirring.

In the surface provisional bonding process, the friction stirring start position _SP and end position E _P are set on the first protruding member 71, and the small rotary tool F inserted into the start position _SP is relatively moved to the end position without detaching on the way. E _P . That is, in the connection tentative joining process, friction stirring is continuously performed on the butting portions J71 to J74 by moving the small rotary tool F in a continuous bead.

First, the procedure of friction stirring in the surface provisional bonding step will be described in more detail.

Make the small rotary tool F located directly above the starting position _SP provided on the appropriate position of the first protruding material 71, then make the small rotary tool F descend while turning clockwise, thereby pushing the stirring pin F2 (refer to FIG. 5 a ) Press to start position S _P . Although the rotation speed of the small rotary tool F is set in accordance with the size and shape of the stirring pin F2 and the material and thickness of the metal member 70 to be joined by friction stirring, it is usually set in the range of 500 to 2000 (rpm) Inside.

When the stirring pin F2 is in contact with the surface of the first protrusion 71 , the metal around the stirring pin F2 is plasticized and flowed by frictional heat, and the stirring pin F2 is inserted into the first protrusion 71 . After the entire stirring pin F2 enters the first protruding material 71, and the entire surface of the lower end surface F11 (refer to FIG. Relatively move to the provisional joint starting point p71 at the central portion of the butting portion J71 (between the first intersection point c71 and the fourth intersection point c74).

Although the moving speed (feeding speed) of the small rotary tool F is set according to the size and shape of the stirring pin F2 and the material and thickness of the metal member 710 to be friction stirred, etc., it is often set at 100 to 1000 ( mm/min). In addition, when moving the small rotary tool F, the axis of the shoulder F1 can be slightly inclined toward the rear of the direction of travel relative to the vertical line, but if it is vertical without inclination, the direction change of the small rotary tool F will be reduced. Easy to do complex movements.

After the small rotary tool F is relatively moved and friction-stirred continuously to the temporary joining starting point p71, the small rotary tool F is not disengaged at the temporary joining starting point p71, and is relatively moved toward one end of the abutting portion J71 (the first intersection point c71) in this state. , Do friction stir on a part of the butt joint J71. That is, a path of friction stirring is set on the joint (boundary line) between the first protruding member 71 and the connection member 720 , and the small rotary tool F is relatively moved along the path to perform friction stirring on the butting portion J71 .

Moreover, when the stirring pin F2 of the small rotary tool F enters the docking portion J71, although the force of pulling away from the first protruding material 71 and the connecting member 720 acts, since the first protruding material 71 is welded to the main body Q, the second There is no gap between a protruding material 71 and the metal component 710 .

After the small rotary tool F is relatively moved to the first intersection point c71, the small rotary tool F is not disengaged at the first intersection point c71, and in this state, it faces the butt joint between the first protruding member 71 and the main body Q of the first metal member 710a. The first intermediate point m71 on the part J75 moves relatively, and friction stirs the butt joint part J75.

After the small rotary tool F moves to the first intermediate point m71, the small rotary tool F is not detached from the first intermediate point m71, and in this state, it protrudes into the first protruding material 71, friction stirs the first protruding material 71, and relatively Move to one end of the docking portion J72 (first intersection point c71). That is, a friction stir path for returning the small rotary tool F from the first intermediate point m71 to the first intersection point c71 is set to the first protruding member 71 . In this way, when the small rotary tool F returns from the first intermediate point m71 to the first intersection point c71, since joining defects are less likely to occur in the metal member 710 and the connecting member 720, a high-quality joined body can be obtained.

After the small rotary tool F returns to the first intersection point c71, the small rotary tool F does not disengage from the first intersection point c71, and in this state protrudes into the docking portion J72, friction stirs the docking portion J72, and moves relatively to the docking portion J72. the other end (the second intersection point c72). That is, after the small rotary tool F returns to the first intersection point c71, the path of friction stirring is set on the joint (boundary line) between the body part Q of one metal member 710 and the connection member 720, and the small rotary tool F F makes relative movement along this path, thereby performing friction stirring on the butt joint J72.

After the small rotary tool F relatively moves to the second intersection point c72, the small rotary tool F does not disengage at the second intersection point c72, and in this state protrudes into the second protruding material 72, friction stirs the second protruding material 72, and relatively moves To the second intermediate point m72 provided on the joint portion J76 between the second protruding material 72 and the main body Q of the first metal member 710a. That is, the friction stir path from the second intersection point c72 to the second intermediate point m72 is set to the second protrusion material 72 .

After the small rotary tool F moves relatively to the second intermediate point m72, the small rotary tool F does not disengage at the second intermediate point m72, and in this state moves toward one end of the docking portion J73 (the second intersection point c72), thereby The friction stir is performed at the joint J76. That is, by relatively moving the small rotary tool F along the friction stir path provided on the joint (boundary line) between the second protrusion member 72 and the main body Q, friction stirring is also performed on the abutting portion J76.

After the small rotary tool F moves relatively to the second intersection point c72, the small rotary tool F does not disengage at the second intersection point c72 and moves relatively toward the other end of the docking portion J73 (third intersection point c73) in this state, thereby making the docking Part J73 performs friction stir. That is, after the friction stirring is continuously performed up to the second intersection point c72, the friction stirring is not stopped at the second intersection point c72, and the small rotary tool F is moved along the joint (boundary line) provided between the second protrusion member 72 and the main body Q. The friction stir path on the upper part moves relatively, so as to perform friction stir on the docking part J73.

After the small rotary tool F relatively moves to the third intersection point c73, the small rotary tool F is not disengaged at the third intersection point c73, and in this state, it faces the butt joint between the second protruding member 72 and the main body Q of the second metal member 710b. The third intermediate point m73 on the part J77 is relatively moved, so as to perform friction stirring on the butt joint part J77. That is, after friction stirring is continuously carried out to the other end (third intersection point c73) of the butting portion J73, the friction stirring is not terminated at the third intersection point c73, and the small rotary tool F is moved along the joint between the second protrusion 72 and the main body. The friction stir path on the joint (boundary line) of Q moves relatively, thereby performing friction stir on the butt joint J77.

After the small rotary tool F relatively moves to the third intermediate point m73, the small rotary tool F is not detached from the third intermediate point m73, and in this state protrudes into the second protruding material 72, friction stirs the second protruding material 72, and Relatively move to one end of the docking portion J74 (the third intersection point c73). That is, a friction stir path for returning the small rotary tool F from the third intermediate point m73 to the third intersection point c73 is set on the second projecting member 72 .

After the small rotary tool F returns to the third intersection point c73, the small rotary tool F does not disengage from the third intersection point c73, and in this state breaks into the docking portion J74, friction stirs the docking portion J74, and moves relatively to the docking portion J74. The other end (the fourth intersection point c74). That is, after the small rotary tool F returns to the third intersection point c73, the friction stir path is set on the joint (boundary line) between the main body portion Q of the other metal member 710 and the connection member 720, and the small rotary tool F Relative movement is made along this path, thereby performing friction stirring on the butt joint J74.

After the small rotary tool F relatively moves to the fourth intersection point c74, the small rotary tool F does not disengage at the fourth intersection point c74, and in this state protrudes into the first protruding material 71, friction stirs the first protruding material 71, and relatively moves To the fourth intermediate point m74 provided on the butt joint portion J78 between the first protruding material 71 and the main body Q of the metal member 710 on the other side. That is, a friction stir path from the fourth intersection point c74 to the fourth intermediate point m74 is set on the first protruding member 71 .

After the small rotary tool F moves relatively to the fourth intermediate point m74, the small rotary tool F does not disengage at the fourth intermediate point m74, and in this state moves toward the other end of the docking portion J74 (fourth intersection point c74). The friction stir is performed at the joint J78. That is, by relatively moving the small rotary tool F along the friction stir path provided on the joint (boundary line) between the first protrusion member 71 and the main body Q, friction stirring is also performed on the abutting portion J78.

After the small rotary tool F is relatively moved from the fourth intermediate point m74 to the fourth intersection point c74, the small rotary tool F is not disengaged at the fourth intersection point c74, and in this state, it moves toward the provisional joining end point p72 provided in the middle of the butting portion J71. Make relative movement and perform friction stirring on the docking part J71. That is, after the friction stirring is continuously carried out to the other end (the fourth intersection point c74) of the butting portion J71, the small rotary tool F is moved along the second protruding member 72 and the body portion Q without ending the friction stirring at the fourth intersection point c74. The friction stir path on the joint (boundary line) of the joint moves relatively, thereby performing friction stir on the butt joint J71.

After the small rotary tool F relatively moves to the provisional joint end point p72, the small rotary tool F does not disengage at the temporary joint end point p72, and in this state protrudes into the first protruding material 71, friction-stirs the first protruding material 71, and relatively moves to the end position E _P of friction stirring.

After the small rotary tool F reaches the end position _EP , the small rotary tool F is raised while rotating, and the stirring pin F2 (see FIG. 5a ) is released from the end position _EP .

Moreover, when the small rotary tool F is rotated to the right, since a joining defect may occur on the left side of the traveling direction of the small rotary tool F, at the abutting portions J71, J73 along the protruding members 71, 72 and the connecting member 720 When friction stirring the butt joints J75 to J78 of the protrusions 71, 72 and the main body Q, it is preferable to set the path of friction stirring so that the protrusions 71, 72 are located on the left side of the traveling direction of the small rotary tool F. That is, when rotating the small rotary tool F to the right, it is preferable to set a friction stir path from the temporary joining start point p71 to the temporary joining end point p72 so that the small rotary tool F rotates clockwise along the outer edge of the connection member 720 to move. In this way, since joint defects hardly occur on the connection member 720 side, a high-quality joint body can be obtained.

That is, when the small rotary tool F is rotated to the left, joint defects may occur on the right side of the traveling direction of the small rotary tool F. When J73 and the protrusions 71, 72 are friction-stirred with the butt parts J75-J78 of the main body Q, it is preferable to set the path of friction stirring so that the protrusions 71, 72 are located on the right side of the small rotary tool F in the traveling direction. That is, when the small rotary tool F is rotated to the left, it is preferable to set a friction stir path from the temporary joint start point p71 to the temporary joint end point p72 so that the small rotary tool F is rotated counterclockwise along the outer edge (periphery) of the connecting member 720 and move.

In addition, although the route of the surface provisional bonding process is set as mentioned above in this embodiment, it is not limited to this route. Furthermore, it is not necessary to necessarily perform friction stir in a continuous trajectory.

(6) Formal surface bonding process

In the surface final bonding step, actual friction stirring is performed from the surface A side to the butted portion exposed on the surface A of the metal member 70 to be joined. That is, the surface final bonding step is a step of friction stirring the abutting portions J72 and J74 using the large rotary tool G larger than the small rotary tool F. As shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, performing friction stirring on the butting portion J72 is the first surface main bonding process, and performing friction stirring on the butting portion J74 is the second surface main bonding process.

As shown in FIG. 38, in the surface final bonding process, the starting position S _M2 and the ending position E _M2 of friction stirring are set on the first protruding member 71, and the large rotary tool G inserted into the starting position S _M2 does not come off halfway. Relatively move to the end position E _M2 . That is, in the surface final bonding process, the large rotary tool G moves to form a continuous movement track (bead), and the first surface final bonding process and the second surface final bonding process are continuously performed.

A more detailed description will be given of the surface formal bonding process. In the surface final bonding process, first, the large rotary tool G is positioned directly above the unillustrated lower hole formed at the start position _SM2 , and then the large rotary tool G is lowered while turning clockwise, so that the stirring pin The tip of G2 (see FIG. 5b ) is inserted into a lower hole not shown.

After the entire stirring pin G2 enters the first protruding material 71, and the entire surface of the lower end surface G11 of the shoulder G1 (see FIG. One end (first intersection point c71) of the butting portion J72 moves relatively, and protrudes into the butting portion J72 to perform the first surface final bonding process. When the large rotary tool G is moved, the metal around the stirring pin G2 plasticizes and flows, and at a position away from the stirring pin G2, the plasticized flowing metal hardens again to form the first surface plasticized region W72.

The moving speed (feeding speed) of the large rotary tool G is set according to the size and shape of the stirring pin G2 and the material and thickness of the metal member 710 to be friction stirred, etc., but it is often set at 30 to 300 (mm/min) range.

When there is a possibility that the heat entering the metal member 710 and the connection member 720 is too large, it is preferable to supply water to the surroundings of the large rotary tool G for cooling. In addition, when cooling water enters the joint portion J72, etc., an oxide film may be formed on the joint surface. gap, it is difficult for cooling water to enter the butt joint J72, etc., and therefore, the quality of the joint is unlikely to deteriorate.

After the large rotary tool G protrudes into the docking part J72, the path of friction stirring is set on the joint between the main body Q and the connecting member 720, and by relatively moving the large rotary tool G along the path, the path of friction stirring from the docking part J72 Friction stirring is continuously performed from one end (first intersection point c71) to the other end (second intersection point c72).

After the large-scale rotary tool G relatively moves to the other end of the docking portion J72 (the second intersection point c72), the large-scale rotary tool G does not disengage, but in this state protrudes into the second protruding material 72, and performs friction stirring on the second protruding material 72, And relatively move to one end of the docking portion J74 (the third intersection point c73). That is, the friction stir path from the second intersection point c72 to the third intersection point c73 is set on the second protrusion member 72 .

After the large-scale rotary tool G relatively moves to one end of the docking portion J74 (the third intersection point c73), the large-scale rotary tool G does not disengage from the third intersection point c73, and in this state protrudes into the docking portion J74 to perform friction stirring on the docking portion J74, And relatively move to the other end of the docking portion J74 (the fourth intersection point c74). That is, the large rotary tool G is relatively moved to one end of the abutting portion J74, and the path of friction stirring is set on the joint (boundary line) between the body portion Q of the metal member 710 on the other side and the connection member 720, so that the large rotary tool G The rotary tool G is relatively moved along this path, and the second surface final bonding process is performed on the butt portion J74.

After the large-scale rotary tool G relatively moves to the other end (the fourth intersection point c74) of the abutting portion J74, the large-scale rotary tool G does not disengage and intrudes into the first protruding material 71 in this state, and performs friction stirring on the first protruding material 71, And relatively move to the end position E _M2 .

In addition, in the main joining process, the large rotary tool G is rotated clockwise from the start position S _M2 to the end position E _M2 to perform friction stirring in a continuous trajectory, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the large-scale rotary tool G can be rotated to the left, and the large-scale rotary tool G can be temporarily disengaged on either side of the first protruding material 71 or the second protruding material 72 without a continuous trajectory, and the butt joint J72 or J74 respectively. Perform friction stirring.

(7) The second step portion main joining process

In the second stepped portion main joining step, friction stirring is performed on the butt portion J720 of the stepped portions R, R from the rear surface B side (the rear surface 717 side (see FIG. 36 b )) of the metal member 70 to be joined. As shown in FIG. 39 , after the above-mentioned main surface joining process is completed, the metal member 70 to be joined is released from the restraint of the friction stir device (not shown), and the back surface B of the metal member 70 to be joined is set upward.

The second stepped portion main joining process is performed by making the large rotary tool G go from the start position S _M2 set on the first protruding member 71 to the end position E _M2 set on the second protruding member 72 along the butting portion J720 without deviating from it. friction stir process. The second stepped portion plasticized region W74 is formed on the back surface B of the metal member 70 to be joined by the second stepped portion main joining step. As shown in FIG. 31 , the second stepped portion plasticized region W74 overlaps with the first stepped portion plasticized region W71 . Thereby, the butt joint part J720 where the step part R of the 1st metal member 710a and the step part R of the 2nd metal member 710b abut are closed over the whole length of a depth direction. That is, the airtightness and watertightness between the side surfaces of the metal members 70 to be joined can be improved.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the second stepped part main bonding process is performed after the surface main bonding process, but it is not limited to this, and may be performed after the first stepped part main bonding process, for example.

(8) Formal side joining process

As shown in FIG. 40 a , in the main side joining step, friction stirring is performed on the mated portions on the side where the first side C and the second side D of the metal member 70 to be joined are exposed. That is, the side main joining process includes: a first side main joining process of friction stirring the first side C; and a second side main joining process of friction stirring the second side D.

As shown in FIG. 40 a , the protruding material 750 is arranged to be in contact with the surface A of the metal member 70 to be joined, and is wider than the width of the connecting member 720 . The inner corners of the metal member 70 to be joined and the protruding member 750 are welded to prevent cracking during friction stirring. The front surface (upper surface) and the back surface (lower surface) of the protruding member 750 are flush with the first side C and the second side D (see FIG. 31 ) of the metal member 70 to be joined, respectively.

In the main joining process of the first side surface, the small rotary tool F is relatively moved from the starting position S _M3 set on the surface of the protruding member 750 along the mating portion where the first side surface C is exposed, and the friction stirring is carried out to the end position E _M3 . In the present embodiment, the small rotary tool F is rotated clockwise to perform the first side surface main joining process. After the small rotary tool F is pushed to the start position _SM3 , it is moved to the starting point k71 of the first side full-joint process, and then it is moved along the mating portion J72 without detaching. At this time, since the small rotary tool F performs friction stirring on the first surface plasticized region W72, the side plasticized region W75 friction-stirred in the first side surface main bonding process can be overlapped with the first surface plasticized region W72. .

After the small rotary tool F reaches the corner k72, along the butt joint J710 between the lower surface of the connecting member 720 and the surface 716 of the stepped portion R of the first metal member 710a and the lower surface of the connecting member 720 and the second metal member 710b The abutting portion J711 of the surface 716 of the step portion R performs friction stirring. At this time, since the small rotary tool F performs friction stirring on the first stepped portion plasticized region W71, the side surface plasticized region W75 friction-stirred in the first side surface final joining process can be separated from the first stepped portion plasticized region W75. W71 overlaps.

After the small rotary tool F reaches the corner point k73, friction stirring is performed along the joint portion J74. Then, after the small rotary tool F reaches the end point k74, the small rotary tool F is moved to the end position E _M3 in this state, and the small rotary tool F is separated from the protruding member 750 . At this time, since the small rotary tool F performs friction stirring on the second surface plasticized region W73, the side plasticized region W75 friction-stirred in the first side surface main joining process can be overlapped with the second surface plasticized region W73. .

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 40a, the start position S _M3 and the end position E _M3 are preferably set on the extension line of the abutting portion J72 or J74. Thereby, the small rotary tool F can be moved by the shortest distance.

Since the friction stirring can be performed in a continuous track on the mating portion where the first side surface C is exposed in the first side surface main joining process, the work can be efficiently performed.

Here, the oxide film formed between the metal member 70 to be joined and the first protruding material 71 and the second protruding material 72 may be drawn into the metal member 70 to be joined in the above-mentioned final surface bonding process. The above-mentioned oxide film is one of the causes of lowering of the airtightness and watertightness of the metal member 70 to be joined. However, since the first surface plasticized region W72 and the second surface plasticized region W73 expose the oxide film on the first side surface C through the first side surface main bonding process, the airtightness and watertightness can be reliably improved.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 31 , the oxide film may expose the surfaces A of the first surface plasticized region W72 and the second surface plasticized region W73 . In this case, in order to seal the above-mentioned oxide film, it may also be repaired by friction stirring or welding. In addition, in this embodiment, although the small rotary tool F with a relatively small radius of gyration is used in the first side surface final joining process, a large rotary tool G may be used.

Although not specifically shown, the second side main joining step is a step of performing friction stirring in a continuous trajectory on the mated portion where the second side D of the metal member 70 to be joined is exposed. Since the second side main bonding process is substantially the same as the first side main bonding process, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

According to the bonding method of the present embodiment described above, friction stirring is performed on a continuous track from the first side C and the second side D to the abutting portion exposing the first side C and the second side D of the metal member 70 to be joined, thereby Friction stir welding can be easily performed on the butt joint.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 31 , the first step portion plasticized region W71 and the second stepped portion plasticized region W74 are overlapped, and the first surface plasticized region W72 and the side plasticized region W75 and the second surface plasticized region are overlapped. The W73 overlaps with the side plasticized region W75, so that the butt portion where the side surface of the metal member 70 to be joined is exposed can be reliably closed. Thereby, the airtightness and watertightness between the both side surfaces of the metal member 70 to be joined can be improved.

Here, when friction stirring is performed on the abutting portions J72, J74 exposing the metal member 70 to be joined, a tunnel-shaped cavity defect (hereinafter referred to as a tunnel-shaped cavity defect) that communicates from the first side C to the second side D may be formed. ). Although the tunnel-like cavity defects described above are the main cause of the reduction of the airtightness and watertightness of the metal member 70 to be joined, these defects can be properly closed by the joining process of the present embodiment. Due to the difference in the rotation direction and travel direction of the rotary tool, the position where the tunnel-like cavity defect is formed is also different, and there are various combinations of the rotation direction and travel direction of the rotary tool in each process. This combination will be described in detail below.

That is, when the rotary tool is moved while rotating to the right during friction stir welding, a cavity defect may be formed on the left side in the traveling direction. On the other hand, in the case of rotating the rotary tool to the left, void defects may be formed on the right side of the traveling direction. In view of this, in order to properly bury tunnel-shaped cavity defects, the following methods are divided into a first method and a second method.

Fig. 41 is a schematic perspective view showing a joining method in the main side joining process, Fig. 41a shows the first form, and Fig. 41b shows the second form. In addition, in the description of the figures, the direction from the first side C toward the unillustrated second side D side is the traveling direction N ₁ , and the direction opposite to the traveling direction N ₁ is the traveling direction N ₂ .

<first method>

As shown in FIG. 41a, the first method is that the tunnel-shaped cavity defects 790 (790a, 790b) formed in the first surface plasticized region W72 and the second surface plasticized region W73 are formed in the first metal member 710a and the second metal member. The form of 710b.

That is, in the case where (1-1) the rotary tool is set to rotate clockwise in the direction of travel N1 and (1-2) rotates the tool to the left in the direction of travel N2, on the first side C, the first A tunnel-shaped cavity defect 790a is formed in the metal member 710a.

On the other hand, in the case where (1-3) the rotary tool is set to rotate rightward in the direction of travel N ₂ and (1-4) to rotate left in the direction of travel N ₁ , on the first side C , a tunnel-shaped void defect 790b is formed in the second metal member 710b. Therefore, in the surface final bonding process, the first embodiment includes the above four methods.

Next, the side surface main bonding process in the case of the first aspect will be described.

As shown in FIG. 41a, on one end surface of the protruding member 750, the starting position is set on either side of the base point _O1 or the base point _O2 , which is a point on the extension line of the abutting portion J72 or J74.

When the starting position of the main side joining process is set at the base point _O1 , it is preferable to rotate the rotary tool to the right to perform friction stirring. That is, when the starting position is set at the base point _O1 and the rotary tool is rotated to the right to perform the main side joining process, since the right side in the traveling direction is reliably friction stirred, the tunnel-shaped cavity defects 790a, 790b can be reliably closed.

On the other hand, when the starting position of the main side joining process is set at the base point _O2 , it is preferable to rotate the rotary tool to the left. That is, when the starting position is set at the base point _O2 and the rotary tool is rotated to the left to perform the main side joining process, since the left side in the traveling direction is reliably friction stirred, the tunnel-shaped cavity defects 790a, 790b can be reliably closed.

In the first mode described above, there are two methods for appropriately sealing the tunnel-shaped cavity defects 790a and 790b in the side surface main bonding process. Therefore, in the first form, considering the main surface bonding process, there are 8 types of bonding methods that can properly seal the tunnel-shaped cavity defect 90 .

Next, the second form will be described. As shown in FIG. 41 b , the second form is a form in which the tunnel-shaped cavity defects 790 a and 790 b formed in the first surface plasticized region W72 and the second surface plasticized region W73 are formed inside the connection member 720 .

That is, (2-1) In the docking portion J72, the rotary tool is set to rotate counterclockwise in the advancing direction _N1 , (2-2) In the docking portion J72, the rotary tool is set to rotate In the case of clockwise rotation in the traveling direction N ₂ , on the first side C, a tunnel-shaped hollow defect 790 a is formed in the connection member 720 .

On the other hand, (2-3) In the case where the rotary tool is set to rotate clockwise in the advancing direction _N1 in the docking part J74, (2-4) In the docking part J74, in the traveling direction _N2 When turning to the left, on the first side C, a tunnel-shaped hollow defect 790 b is formed in the connection member 720 . Therefore, in the surface main bonding process, the form of the second mode includes the above-mentioned four methods.

Next, the side surface main bonding process in the case of the second embodiment will be described.

As shown in FIG. 41b, on one end surface of the protruding member 750, the starting position is set on either side of the base point _O1 or the base point _O2 , which is a point on the extension line of the abutting portion J72 or the abutting portion J74.

When the starting position of the main side joining process is set at the base point _O1 , it is preferable to rotate the rotary tool to the left to perform friction stirring. That is, when the starting position is set at the base point _O1 and the rotary tool is rotated to the left to perform the main side joining process, since the left side in the traveling direction is reliably friction-stirred, the tunnel-shaped cavity defect 790a can be reliably closed.

On the other hand, when the starting position of the main side joining process is set at the base point _O2 , it is preferable to rotate the rotary tool to the right. That is, when the starting position is set at the base point _O2 and the rotary tool is rotated to the right to perform the main side joining process, since the right side in the traveling direction is reliably friction stirred, the tunnel-shaped cavity defects 790a, 790b can be reliably closed.

In the second mode described above, there are two methods for appropriately sealing the tunnel-shaped cavity defects 790a and 790b in the side surface main bonding process. Therefore, in the second mode, considering the surface formal bonding process, there are 8 bonding methods that can properly seal the tunnel-shaped cavity defect 90 .

Implementation Mode Seven

Fig. 40b is a side view seen from the first side surface C showing the seventh embodiment. The joined metal member 70 of the seventh embodiment is different from the sixth embodiment in that the height of the stepped portion R of the first metal member 710 a and the second metal member 710 b is large. That is, when the height of the abutting portion J720 between the step portions R is large, it is difficult to make the first step portion plasticization region W71 and the second step portion plasticization region W74 overlap each other. In this case, it is preferable to friction-stir the joint portion J720 in the main side joining process.

That is, as shown in FIG. 40b , the main side joining step of the joining method according to Embodiment 7 is characterized in that it further includes a step of friction stirring butt joint J720.

In the side surface main bonding process of the seventh embodiment, in addition to the protrusion 750 abutting on the surface A of the metal member 70 to be joined, the protrusion 760 abutting on the back side B is arranged. The front surface (upper surface) and the back surface (lower surface) of the protruding member 760 are flush with the first side C and the second side D of the metal member 70 to be joined.

In the main side joining process of Embodiment 7, after setting the starting position on S _M3 of the first protruding member 750, the small rotary tool F is rotated clockwise and moved along the abutting portions J72 and J710. Then, after the small rotary tool F reaches the contact point k75 of the first metal member 710a, the second metal member 710b, and the connection member 720, friction stirring is performed along the abutting portion J720. After friction stirring is performed over the entire length of the butting portion J720, the small rotary tool F is moved to the return point k76 set on the protruding member 760 without detaching.

Then, the small rotary tool F is inserted into the mating portion J720 again without detaching, and moved to the contact point k75, and then the mating portion J711 and J74 are friction-stirred, and moved to the end position E _M3 .

According to Embodiment 2 of the present invention described above, even if the height of the stepped portion R is large and the first stepped portion plasticized region W71 and the second stepped portion plasticized region W74 cannot overlap, by making the side plasticized region W75 and the second stepped portion plasticized region W74 The plasticized area W71 of the first stepped portion overlaps with the plasticized area W74 of the second stepped portion, and can be closed over the entire length of the joint portion J720. Thereby, the watertightness and airtightness between the side surfaces of the metal member 70 to be joined can be improved. In addition, since the friction stir welding can be performed in a continuous trajectory, the work can be performed efficiently.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and appropriate changes can be made within the range not violating the spirit of the present invention.

For example, in the sixth embodiment, the side main bonding step is performed on both the first side C and the second side D, but it may be performed on only one of them.

Claims (13)

1. joint method, have that first hardware of groove and second hardware dock each other in described end and the formed hardware that is engaged in the hollow bulb that forms for connecting elements being inserted by the end, throw is engaged on the hardware at this to be moved and carries out friction stir and engage, it is characterized in that, comprising:

To the docking section of described first hardware and described second hardware, the face side of carrying out friction stir from the described surface that is engaged hardware engages operation;

To the docking section of described first hardware and described second hardware, the rear side of carrying out friction stir from the described back side that is engaged hardware engages operation; And

To the docking section of the docking section of described first hardware and described second hardware, described connecting elements and described first hardware and the docking section of described connecting elements and described second hardware, the side that carries out friction stir from the described side that is engaged hardware engages operation.

2. joint method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, formed plastification zone contacts with described connecting elements in described face side joint operation and rear side joint operation.

3. joint method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, engages in the operation at described side, utilizes described throw that friction stir is carried out in formed plastification zone in described face side joint operation and rear side joint operation.

4. joint method, make throw move and carry out friction stir and engage being engaged on the hardware, this is engaged hardware and comprises: have first hardware of groove and second hardware and insert that end face by described first hardware docks with the side of a side of described second hardware and connecting elements in the hollow bulb that forms at end face, it is characterized in that, comprising:

Described connecting elements is inserted the first insertion operation of the described groove of described first hardware;

To the docking section of described first hardware and described connecting elements, carry out the first formal operation that engages of friction stir from the side of described first hardware;

For the end face that makes described first hardware butts up against the side of a side of described second hardware, described connecting elements is inserted described second hardware described groove second insert operation;

To the docking section of the side of a side of the end face of described first hardware and described second hardware, from the surface that is engaged hardware and the back side second formal operation that engages of carrying out friction stir;

To the docking section of described first hardware and described second hardware and the docking section of described second hardware and described connecting elements, carry out the 3rd formal operation that engages of friction stir from the end face of described second hardware; And

To the docking section of described second hardware and described connecting elements, carry out the 4th formal operation that engages of friction stir from the side of the opposite side of described second hardware.

5. joint method, make throw move and carry out friction stir and engage being engaged on the hardware, this is engaged hardware and comprises: have first hardware of groove and second hardware and insert that end face by described first hardware docks with the side of a side of described second hardware and connecting elements in the hollow bulb that forms at end face, it is characterized in that, comprising:

Described connecting elements is inserted the 3rd insertion operation of the described groove of described second hardware;

To the docking section of described second hardware and described connecting elements, carry out the 4th formal operation that engages of friction stir from the side of the opposite side of described second hardware;

To the docking section of described first hardware and described second hardware and the docking section of described second hardware and described connecting elements, carry out the 3rd formal operation that engages of friction stir from the end face of described second hardware;

For the end face that makes described first hardware butts up against the side of a side of described second hardware, described connecting elements is inserted described first hardware described groove the 4th insert operation;

To the docking section of the side of a side of the end face of described first hardware and described second hardware, from the described surface of hardware and the second formal operation that engages that friction stir is carried out at the back side of being engaged; And

To the docking section of described first hardware and described connecting elements, carry out the first formal operation that engages of friction stir from the side of described first hardware.

6. as claim 4 or 5 described joint methods, it is characterized in that, formed plastification zone formally engages formed plastification region overlapping in the operation with described second in the described first formal joint operation, described second formal engages that formed plastification zone formally engages formed plastification region overlapping in the operation with the described the 3rd in the operation, and the described the 3rd formally engages in the operation that formed plastification is regional formally to engage formed plastification region overlapping in the operation with the described the 4th.

7. joint method, make throw move and carry out friction stir and engage being engaged on the hardware, this is engaged hardware and comprises: have first hardware, second hardware and the 3rd hardware of groove and the connecting elements that inserts described groove at end face, the both sides that described first hardware and described the 3rd hardware are inserted described connecting elements, and second hardware inserted between described first hardware and the 3rd hardware and form and overlook the hardware that is engaged that is T word shape, it is characterized in that, comprising:

Described first hardware and described the 3rd hardware are inserted the 5th insertion operation of the both sides of described connecting elements;

To the docking section of described first hardware and described connecting elements and the docking section of described the 3rd hardware and described connecting elements, carry out the 5th formal operation that engages of friction stir from the side of a side of described connecting elements;

Described second hardware is inserted the 6th of described connecting elements insert operation;

To the docking section of the side of the opposite side of the end face of the docking section of docking section, described second hardware and the described connecting elements of the side of a side of the end face of described first hardware and described second hardware, described the 3rd hardware and described second hardware, carry out the 6th formal operation that engages of friction stir from the end face of described second hardware; And

Docking section to the side of a side of the end face of described first hardware and described second hardware, carry out friction stir from the described surface and the back side that is engaged hardware, and to the docking section of the side of the opposite side of the end face of described the 3rd hardware and described second hardware, from the described surface of hardware and the 7th formal operation that engages that friction stir is carried out at the back side of being engaged.

8. joint method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the described the 5th formal engages that formed plastification zone formally engages formed plastification region overlapping in the operation with the described the 6th in the operation, and the described the 6th formally engages in the operation that formed plastification is regional formally to engage formed plastification region overlapping in the operation with the described the 7th.

9. joint method, for two hardwares each other the docking section and be located at the described hardware connecting elements each other and the docking section of described each hardware, throw is moved and carry out friction stir and engage, it is characterized in that, comprising:

The stage portion of two described hardwares is docked each other, form the butt joint operation of recess between described body, wherein, described hardware has the stage portion also thinner than described body in the end of body;

To described stage portion docking section each other, the first step portion that any side is carried out friction stir from the surface and the back side formally engages operation;

Described connecting elements is inserted described recess, make described connecting elements butt up against the connecting elements arrangement step of described two bodies;

To the described body of a described hardware and the docking section of described connecting elements, the first surface that carries out friction stir from the surface formally engages operation;

To the described body of another described hardware and the docking section of described connecting elements, the second surface that carries out friction stir from the surface formally engages operation; And

A described hardware is formally engaged operation with docking section and another described hardware of described connecting elements with the side that the docking section of described connecting elements is carried out friction stir from the side,

Make described first step portion formally engage operation and described side formally engages formed plastification region overlapping in the operation, make described first surface formally engage operation and described side formally engages formed plastification region overlapping in the operation, make described second surface formally engage operation and described side formally engages formed plastification region overlapping in the operation.

10. joint method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, also comprise described stage portion docking section each other, arbitrarily the opposite side second step portion that carries out friction stir formally engages operation from the surface and the back side, and makes described first step portion formally engage operation and described second step portion formally engages formed plastification region overlapping in the operation.

11. joint method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, formally engages in the operation in described side, spreads all over the total length of described stage portion docking section each other and carries out friction stir.

12. joint method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, formally engaging operation and described second surface at described first surface formally engages in the operation in the formed plastification zone, when the tunnel-like cavity blemish that is communicated in the side of opposite side from the side of a side is formed at a described hardware and another described hardware, formally engage in the operation in described side, set the starting position that described side formally engages operation, make and do under the situation of right rotation at described throw, described connecting elements is positioned at the left side of its direct of travel, set the starting position that described side formally engages operation, make and do under the situation of anticlockwise that described connecting elements is positioned at the right side of its direct of travel at described throw.

13. joint method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, formally engaging operation and described second surface at described first surface formally engages in the operation in the formed plastification zone, when the tunnel-like cavity blemish that is communicated in the side of opposite side from the side of a side only is formed at described connecting elements, set the starting position that described side formally engages operation, make and do under the situation of right rotation at described throw, described connecting elements is positioned at the right side of its direct of travel, set the starting position that described side formally engages operation, make and do under the situation of anticlockwise that described connecting elements is positioned at the left side of its direct of travel at described throw.

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