CN101734763B - Method for processing drinking water and device using same - Google Patents

Abstract

A drinking water treatment method and a device thereof relate to water treatment. Provided are a drinking water treatment device and a treatment method. The treatment device is provided with a reaction vessel, a cathode, an anode, a diaphragm and a power supply. The cathode and the anode are arranged in the reaction vessel and fixed on the electrode carrier, and the electrode carrier is arranged on the upper part of the reaction vessel; the bottom of the diaphragm is fixed on the bottom of the reaction vessel, and the diaphragm separates the reaction vessel into a cathode area and an anode area, and on the top of the reaction vessel there is The water inlet is provided with alkaline water and acidic water outlets at the bottom of the reaction vessel. After the reaction vessel is fed with water, a voltage is applied to the cathode and anode, electrolytic reaction occurs, the applied voltage rises, and the action of Joule heat vaporizes the liquid water in the small hole on the outer layer of the anode to form plasma; the influent water is treated, when When the influent residence time is greater than 10 minutes, organic matter, pathogens and heavy metals in the water are removed, and weakly alkaline water and weakly acidic water are obtained at the outlet of alkaline water and acidic water.

Description

A kind of drinking water treatment method and its device

technical field

The invention relates to water treatment, in particular to a drinking water treatment method and a device thereof.

Background technique

In recent years, the pollution of drinking water sources in our country has been increasing day by day. If it is directly drunk without effective treatment, it will bring serious harm to people's health. At present, water purification plants mainly adopt the traditional process of "coagulation-filtration-chlorination disinfection", which can effectively remove suspended solids, color and pathogenic bacteria in water, but has limited removal effect on heavy metal ions and dissolved organic matter. Moreover, in the process of chlorination disinfection, organic matter will react with chlorine gas to produce a variety of toxic and harmful by-products, such as trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), etc. Therefore, it is very important to seek an advanced treatment method for drinking water that can simultaneously remove organic pollutants, pathogens and heavy metal ions. At present, the methods for advanced treatment of drinking water on the market mainly include microfiltration, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, ultraviolet photolysis and activated carbon adsorption, but all of them have the disadvantages of single function and high operating cost.

Discharge plasma water treatment technology is a new type of water treatment technology that does not require additional chemical agents. It uses discharge to directly generate plasma in water, which can produce physical effects such as shock waves and ultraviolet light and various chemically active substances in water, such as Hydroxyl radicals (·OH), hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ ), ozone (O ₃ ), hydrogen atoms (·H), etc., the combination of these physical effects and chemically active substances can completely oxidize organic matter in water Decomposition, destruction of pathogen cell walls and reduction of heavy metal ions. At present, the typical discharge water treatment process includes dielectric barrier discharge ([1] M.Kuraica, B.Obradovic, D.Manojlovic, D.Ostojic, J.Puric, Ozonized water generator based on coaxial dielectric-barrier-discharge in air, Vacuum , 73(2004)705-708), high-voltage pulse discharge ([2] Soon Yong Shim, Water treatment apparatus using plasma reactor and method thereof, US 0066228226B1, 2001; [3] Lei Lecheng, Zhang Xingwang, Xing Qing, etc. Pulse plasma catalytic device for safe disinfection of drinking water, Chinese patent CN 201351129Y, 2009) and glow discharge ([4] Gao Jinzhang, Pu Lumei, Yang Zhiming, etc. Plasma drinking water purification device, Chinese patent CN 2737777Y, 2005) etc. Due to the limitations of discharge technology and equipment, there are disadvantages such as complex power supply, low energy utilization rate, electrode corrosion, etc., which are not conducive to industrial scale-up and preparation of high-quality drinking water.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a drinking water treatment device.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a drinking water treatment method.

The drinking water treatment device is provided with a reaction vessel, a cathode, an anode, a diaphragm and a power supply.

The cathode and the anode are arranged in the reaction vessel, the cathode and the anode are fixed on the electrode carrier, the electrode carrier is arranged on the upper part of the reaction vessel, the cathode is electrically connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and the anode is electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply; the bottom of the diaphragm is fixed on the bottom of the reaction vessel, The diaphragm separates the reaction vessel into a cathode area and an anode area, a water inlet is arranged on the top of the reaction vessel, and an alkaline water outlet and an acidic water outlet are arranged on the bottom of the reaction vessel.

The anode is preferably a platinum anode, a titanium anode or a stainless steel anode, etc. A sleeve can be provided on the anode, and at least one small hole can be provided on the sleeve, and the sleeve can be a quartz sleeve or a glass sleeve.

The cathode can be graphite cathode, stainless steel cathode or other stable material cathode.

The electrode carrier can be an insulating material carrier, especially polytetrafluoroethylene carrier.

The diaphragm can be a porous ceramic diaphragm, a quartz diaphragm, a glass diaphragm or a plastic diaphragm and the like.

The power supply can be a 0-1500V DC power supply or a 0-1500V DC pulse power supply.

The treatment method of the drinking water, using the drinking water treatment device, comprises the following steps:

1) After the reaction vessel is filled with water, turn on the power supply, apply voltage to the cathode and anode, and an electrolytic reaction occurs;

2) The voltage applied to the cathode and anode increases, and the action of Joule heat vaporizes the liquid water at the small hole on the outer layer of the anode, and the gas at the small hole is broken down to form plasma;

3) Use discharge to treat the influent water. When the influent water residence time is greater than 10 minutes, remove organic matter, pathogens and heavy metals in the water, and obtain weak alkaline water with pH>8.5 and pH>8.5 at the alkaline water outlet and acidic water outlet respectively. Weakly acidic water with pH<4.5.

In step 1), the applied voltage is preferably 0-400V.

In step 2), the increased applied voltage is preferably 500-1500V.

The invention utilizes electric discharge to directly generate plasma in water, quickly and efficiently removes trace organic pollutants, pathogens such as bacteria, and heavy metal ions in water synchronously, and the obtained weakly alkaline water has the characteristics of small molecular clusters and can be used as drinking water, etc. The obtained weakly acidic water can be used as bath water and the like. The range of process conditions of the present invention is normal temperature and normal pressure conditions, so it is suitable for residential water supply, domestic drinking water, and water treatment for bathing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a drinking water treatment device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following embodiments will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 provides the structural representation of the drinking water treatment device embodiment of the present invention, and described drinking water treatment device is provided with reaction vessel 1, cathode 2, anode 3 and diaphragm 6, cathode 2 and anode 3 are located in reaction vessel 1, Both the cathode 2 and the anode 3 are fixed on the electrode carrier 12, the electrode carrier 12 is arranged on the upper part of the reaction vessel 1, the cathode 2 is electrically connected to the negative electrode 7 of the power supply, and the anode 3 is electrically connected to the positive electrode 8 of the power supply; the bottom of the diaphragm 6 is fixed on the reaction vessel 1 At the inner bottom, the diaphragm 6 divides the reaction vessel 1 into a cathode area and an anode area. A water inlet 9 is provided at the top of the reaction vessel 1, and an alkaline water outlet 10 and an acidic water outlet 11 are respectively provided at the bottom of the reaction vessel 1.

Cathode 2 can adopt graphite cathode, stainless steel cathode or the like. The anode 3 can be platinum anode, titanium anode or stainless steel anode, etc. A quartz sleeve or glass sleeve 5 with several small holes is arranged outside the anode 3, and there are 5 packages of quartz sleeves or glass sleeves with several small holes. Coated anode 3. The electrode carrier 12 can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene or other insulating materials.

The electrode carrier 12 can be an insulating material carrier, especially polytetrafluoroethylene carrier. The cathode can be graphite cathode, stainless steel cathode or other stable material cathode.

The diaphragm material can be porous ceramics, quartz, glass and plastics.

The power supply can be a 0-1500V DC power supply or a DC pulse power supply.

An example of a treatment method for drinking water is given below.

Example 1

After passing water into the reaction vessel, turn on the DC power supply, apply 400V voltage to the cathode and anode, and electrolytic reaction occurs in the reaction vessel. Continue to increase the voltage to 500-1500V, the gas at the small hole is broken down, and plasma is formed to treat the influent water.

Experimental conditions: the volume of the container is 1L; the initial concentration of Escherichia coli is 10 ³ CFU/ml; the concentration of phenol is 2mg/l; the initial pH is 6.5; the concentration of silver ions is 3mg/L; current mode.

Detection conditions: Escherichia coli is determined by counting method, phenol concentration is determined by high performance liquid chromatography, pH is measured by acidity meter, and silver ion concentration is determined by atomic absorption method. The obtained data are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Influent residence time (min) 0 2 5 10 15 20 Escherichia coli concentration (10 ³ CFU/ml) 1.0 0.2 0.09 0.003 0.001 0.001 Phenol concentration (mg/L) 2.0 1.0 0.4 0.1 0.02 0.00 Silver ion concentration (mg/l) 3.0 0.5 0.1 0.05 0.03 0.02 pH (acidic outlet) 6.5 5.3 4.7 4.0 3.8 3.7 pH (alkaline outlet) 6.5 7.7 8.3 8.7 8.8 8.9

Example 2

After the water is passed through the reaction vessel, the DC pulse power supply is turned on to treat the influent water.

Experimental conditions: the volume of the container is 1L; the initial concentration of Escherichia coli is 10 ³ CFU/ml; the concentration of phenol is 2mg/l; the initial pH is 6.5; the concentration of silver ions is 3mg/L; the peak value of the pulse voltage is 1000V; ; Input power is 50 watts. Escherichia coli was determined by counting method, phenol concentration was determined by high performance liquid chromatography, pH was measured by acidity meter, and silver ion concentration was determined by atomic absorption method. The obtained data are shown in Table 2.

Table 2

Dwell time (min) 0 2 5 10 15 20 Escherichia coli concentration (10 ³ CFU/ml) 1.0 0.1 0.07 0.002 0.001 0.00005 Phenol concentration (mg/L) 2.0 0.8 0.3 0.07 0.008 0.000 Silver ion concentration (mg/l) 3.0 0.4 0.1 0.02 0.02 0.02 pH (acidic outlet) 6.5 5.4 4.7 3.9 3.8 3.7 pH (alkaline outlet) 6.5 7.6 8.3 8.7 8.7 8.9

The invention utilizes the electrochemical process of discharge plasma, which has both physical and chemical effects. The physical effect produces ultraviolet light and shock waves, and the chemical process forms various active substances, such as ·H, ·OH, _H2O2 , _excited Atoms, molecules, etc. Therefore, using the synergistic effect of the two, it integrates light, electricity, and chemical oxidation to effectively degrade organic pollutants and kill microorganisms in water. Since the electrodes are not in direct contact with the highly active plasma, there is no electrode wear. The cathodic reduction of electrolysis can remove heavy metal ions in water; after electrolysis, the cathode and anode produce weakly alkaline water and weakly acidic water respectively; at the same time, the effect of plasma radiation on the hydrogen bond of water molecules produces activated water with small molecular clusters, which becomes high-quality drinking water water.

Claims (10)

1. an appliance for treating drinking water is characterized in that being provided with reaction vessel, negative electrode, anode, barrier film and power supply;

Negative electrode and anode are located in the reaction vessel, and negative electrode and anode all are fixed on the electrode holder, and electrode holder is located at reaction vessel top, and negative electrode is electrically connected with power cathode, and anode is electrically connected with positive source; Separator bottom is fixed on the reaction vessel inner bottom part, and barrier film is divided into cathodic area and positive column with reaction vessel, is provided with water-in at the reaction vessel top, is provided with alkaline water water outlet and sour water water outlet at reaction container bottom; On anode, be provided with sleeve pipe, sleeve pipe is provided with at least 1 aperture, and said sleeve pipe is quartz socket tube or glass bushing.

2. a kind of appliance for treating drinking water as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said anode is platinum anode, titanium anode or stainless steel anode.

3. a kind of appliance for treating drinking water as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said negative electrode is graphite cathode or stainless steel cathode.

4. a kind of appliance for treating drinking water as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said electrode holder is the insulating material carrier.

5. like claim 1 or 4 described a kind of appliance for treating drinking water, it is characterized in that said electrode holder is a Haloport F.

6. a kind of appliance for treating drinking water as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said barrier film is the ceramic foam barrier film, quartzy barrier film, glass membrane or plastic diaphragms.

7. a kind of appliance for treating drinking water as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said power supply is 0～1500V direct supply or 0～1500V direct current pulse power source.

8. the treatment process of tap water is characterized in that adopting appliance for treating drinking water according to claim 1, the treating method comprises following steps:

1) after the reaction vessel water flowing, power-on, anticathode and anode apply voltage, and electrolytic reaction takes place;

2) voltage that applies of anticathode and anode raises, and the effect of joule heating makes the outer aperture of anode place liquid water vaporizes, and aperture place gas is breakdown, forms plasma body;

3) utilize discharge that water inlet is handled, the water inlet residence time is removed organism, pathogenic agent and heavy metal in the water greater than 10min, obtains the alkalescent water of pH＞8.5 and the weakly acidic water of pH＜4.5 respectively at alkaline water water outlet and sour water water outlet.

9. the treatment process of tap water as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that in step 1), and the said voltage that applies is 0～400V.

10. the treatment process of tap water as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that in step 2) in, it is 500～1500V that the said voltage that applies raises.