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CN101505898B - 刀具连接件 - Google Patents

刀具连接件 Download PDF

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CN101505898B
CN101505898B CN2007800313767A CN200780031376A CN101505898B CN 101505898 B CN101505898 B CN 101505898B CN 2007800313767 A CN2007800313767 A CN 2007800313767A CN 200780031376 A CN200780031376 A CN 200780031376A CN 101505898 B CN101505898 B CN 101505898B
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tool coupling
driver
tool
adapter
knife rest
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CN101505898A (zh
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M·海因洛特
W·图恩瓦尔德
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Kennametal Inc
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Kennametal Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/26—Securing milling cutters to the driving spindle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/008—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control with arrangements for transmitting torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02—Chucks
    • B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
    • B23B31/103—Retention by pivotal elements, e.g. catches, pawls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/12—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for securing to a spindle in general
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/08—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key
    • F16D1/0876—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with axial keys and no other radial clamping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/08—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key
    • F16D1/0894—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with other than axial keys, e.g. diametral pins, cotter pins and no other radial clamping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
    • B23B2260/022—Balls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2215/00—Details of workpieces
    • B23C2215/20—Crankshafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2220/00—Details of milling processes
    • B23C2220/68—Whirling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70—Interfitted members
    • Y10T403/7018—Interfitted members including separably interposed key
    • Y10T403/7021—Axially extending
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
    • Y10T407/1906—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool
    • Y10T407/1942—Peripherally spaced tools
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/309352—Cutter spindle or spindle support
    • Y10T409/309408—Cutter spindle or spindle support with cutter holder
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/30952—Milling with cutter holder

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)
  • Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Processing Of Terminals (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种刀具连接件，该刀具连接件用于将能够以旋转方式进行驱动的一个刀架(特别是一个铣刀)连接至一个机器转轴或至与一个转轴连接的适配器，其中提供了在一种交叉构形中的四个驱动器用于在所述零件之间传递转矩，并且这四个驱动器在处于夹持状态时接合在四个凹陷中。为了允许该刀具连接件易于操作并具有一种简单的结构，同时也为了抵消所不希望的卡塞，提出了使这些驱动器对应地在传递该转矩的一侧具有一个平面的面，该平的面以全部表面区域与处于夹持状态的一个槽形凹陷的一个壁相接触，使该驱动器在相反侧上具有与该槽形凹陷的壁的一个较小的强制性或摩擦性接合接触，并且提供一个快动夹持器件用于轴向夹紧该刀架和该转轴或一个适配器。

Description

刀具连接件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种刀具连接件，该刀具连接件用于将一个可旋转驱动的刀架连接到一个机器转轴上或一个适配器上，该适配器与机器转轴连接，提供了四个交叉安排的驱动器用于在所述刀架和机器转轴之间或在所述刀架和适配器之间传递转矩，所述驱动器在夹紧状态下接合在四个凹陷中。
背景技术
特别是在曲轴铣削的过程中，即使为了有效的操作，在切削镶片磨损之后要求快速的刀具更换。外部或内部铣刀被用于曲轴的铣削，其中这些单独的切削镶片被径向或切向地安排在一个刀具盘或环形盘的外周上(在外部铣刀的情况下)或者内周上(在内部铣刀的情况下)。本发明涉及机器转轴或连接至机器转轴的一个适配器与一个内齿铣刀或铣刀架之间的界面。
在从现有技术已知的实施方式中，在所述界面提供了一种“交叉插座”，并且在所述交叉插座提供了四个驱动器块，这些驱动器块被交叉式安排在该转轴或适配器的内侧表面上，并且可通过这些驱动器块可将该铣刀(它具有以一种相应方式安排的多个缝隙)定中心。同时，转矩从该转轴或适配器被传递至铣刀。这些驱动器块以及这些对应的缝隙为径向安排，这样就在铣削过程中刀具(不可避免地)发热的情况下，该铣刀可不受阻碍地膨胀。不利的是，由于要在这些驱动器与这些缝隙之间提供微小的装配间隙，所以有时难以装配和移除该刀具。甚至铣刀或刀架轻微的倾斜也可导致卡塞。通常只有利用相当大的而费时的努力并部分地用加力螺钉或类似物才可解除机器转轴与刀具之间的卡塞。
因此，一直将以前在截面方面成直角设计的这些缝隙设计成楔形以避免上述缺陷。该楔形驱动器设计即可以轴向安排(类似于海司细齿(Hirth serration))也可径向安排。这些驱动器的类似于楔形的设计(与这些缝隙的相应设计相结合)当然相对于卡塞带来了改进，但是很昂贵。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种刀具连接件，该刀具连接件易于操作、具有简单结构并且克服了所不希望的卡塞，并可以低成本进行生产。
为了达到这一目的，提出了根据权利要求1的刀具连接件，所述刀具连接件的特征在于，这些驱动器各自在传递转矩的一侧上具有一个平面型表面，该表面在整个表面区域上在夹紧状态下与一个槽形凹陷的一个壁接触，在相反侧上该驱动器具有相对于该槽形凹陷的壁的较小的形锁合或摩擦锁合的接触表面，并且提供了一个快速夹持器件用于轴向夹持该刀架以及该转轴或适配器。
本发明的基本理念来自以下事实，即仅在转矩传递侧上必须有尽可能大的平面接触，而在背对所述转矩传递侧的一侧要求用于将两个刀具零件彼此相对地进行相应定位的多个小的接触表面。根据榫/槽原理工作的这些驱动器的到目前为止所使用的这些连接位置进行设计的方式是在每种情况下所有驱动器凸肩的尺寸均相同。然而，仅在该槽/榫连接的转矩传递侧上由于造成的表面压力要求这种高的凸肩。然而，在相反侧上该刀架在转轴上的固定是足够的。可将这种固定设计为形锁合固定或力锁合固定；无论如何，用于固定的相关装置具有一个较小接触表面。提供了用于轴向夹持该刀架和转轴的一种快速夹持器件。利用上述安排，可有效地避免倾斜或卡塞。驱动器和直径上相对的凸出装置既可安排在转轴上也可在刀架上；相应地，这也同样适用于相应设计的槽。现有的刀具连接件可通过相应改良的驱动器进行改装，而无需大量费用。
优选提供了一个弹簧加载体(优选一个弹簧加载的球)和一个槽形或沟道形凹陷作为以形锁合方式将一个接合进另一个的装置。该弹簧加载球压力件承担了固定至远离该转矩传递的一侧上的任务，其中可将该相关连接设计为一个闩锁连接。被弹簧加载的球在所提供的凹陷中的这种咬合可清楚地感觉到的并且有助于对初步固定的控制。这些弹簧加载体可以被安排在该转轴上或该刀具上。
可替代地，在远离该转矩传递的一侧上该驱动器可以至少部分地是楔形设计，优选具有10°的一个楔形角度，这样就在极端情况下获得了在槽内该驱动器的实际上线性的支承。
对于将该刀架(铣刀)在该转轴或一个适配器上的最终轴向的固定，使用了一种快速夹持器件，特别是具有可旋转地设置的夹持底板的快速夹持器件，优选将这些夹持底板设计成偏心夹持体。
上述连接允许铣刀的省时装配和移除而无需大量费用，因为该快速夹持器件是该机器转轴的一部分。
附图说明
附图中示出了本发明的进一步的示例性实施方式和优点，在这些图中：
图1和图5示出了在一个铣刀与一个适配器之间的连接的部分截面的一个截面图的对应的环段形细节；
图2示出了图1的细节B的放大图，
图3和图4分别示出了沿着线C-C和D-D的截面视图，
图6示出了沿图5中的截面线A-A的一个详细视图，以及
图7示出了图6中的细节E的一个视图。
具体实施方式
这些图示出了一个连接到一个机器转轴的适配器10以及一个铣刀本体11，该适配器和铣刀本体通过交叉安排的四个驱动器12或13以及一个快速夹持器件14或14’相互连接。
如图1和图5所示，将在当前情况下被安装到适配器10内的驱动器12和13如此进行设计，使它们的转矩传递侧123或132被设计成平面的并且在整个表面上与一个槽的一个壁相接触。在相反侧，该驱动器12在其凸出端121上具有楔形设计，其中该楔形表面与铣刀11内的槽壁15一起形成一个楔形角度α，该楔形角度α优选是10°。该滑动斜边16(它优选以一个10°的斜角β构成在顶部的槽边缘上)致使驱动器12在该侧仅以一个狭窄的接触表面17与槽壁处于摩擦锁合的接触。
图5至图7示出了形锁合接触形式的一个替代方案，该替代方案具有一个驱动器，该驱动器(为了从适配器10或一个机器转轴向铣刀本体11的转矩传递)具有一个大的平面型接触表面132并且在相反的远端侧上有一个弹簧加载体18，即一个球，一个弹簧19作用于这个球。凸出的部件131在该侧上仅仅用于找出一个初步位置，在这个位置中，球18闩锁在铣刀本体11的一个对应的槽或凹部内。在与图2中类似的方式中，在该顶部的槽边缘提供了一个倾斜的斜边20，该斜边以一个小的角度(例如10°)倾斜。
在轴向上，该刀具经由一个快速夹持器件14进行固定，图4中示出了处于开放位置的该快速夹持器件的夹持底板，并且图3中示出了夹持位置。该夹持底板具有偏心设计并且可通过90°的旋转而形成一个快速夹持体。

Claims (12)

1.一种刀具连接件，该刀具连接件用于将一个可旋转驱动的刀架连接到一个机器转轴上或一个适配器(10)上，该适配器(10)与机器转轴连接，提供了四个交叉安排的驱动器用于在所述刀架和机器转轴之间或在所述刀架和适配器之间传递转矩，所述驱动器在夹紧状态下接合在四个凹陷中，其特征在于，每个驱动器各自在传递转矩的一侧上具有一个平面型表面，在所述夹紧状态下该平面型表面在整个表面积上与一个槽形的所述凹陷的一个壁相接触，在相反侧上所述驱动器相对于该槽形的凹陷的那儿的壁具有一个较小的形锁合或摩擦锁合的接触表面，并且提供了一个快速夹持器件(14、14’)，以用于轴向夹持该刀架(11)和所述机器转轴或所述适配器(10)。
2.如权利要求1所述的刀具连接件，其特征在于，所述形锁合的接触是通过在该槽形的凹陷内的一个被弹簧加载的本体(18)实现的。
3.如权利要求1所述的刀具连接件，其特征在于，该驱动器(12)在远离该转矩传递侧的一侧上至少部分地构成为楔形的。
4.如权利要求3所述的刀具连接件，其特征在于，该槽形的凹陷在顶部区域内具有一个滑动斜边、在该滑动斜边之下的一个短的接触面以及该接触面之下的一个倾斜面。
5.如权利要求1所述的刀具连接件，其特征在于，该快速夹持器件(14、14’)具有一个可旋转地安排的夹持底板。
6.如权利要求1至5之一所述的刀具连接件，所述可旋转驱动的刀架是铣刀(11)。
7.如权利要求2所述的刀具连接件，其特征在于，所述本体是一个被弹簧加载的球。
8.如权利要求3所述的刀具连接件，其特征在于，所述楔形带有在5°与45°之间的一个楔形角度(α)。
9.如权利要求4所述的刀具连接件，其特征在于，该滑动斜边处于5°与45°之间的一个角度。
10.如权利要求4或9所述的刀具连接件，其特征在于，所述接触面具有1mm±0.3mm的高度。
11.如权利要求4或9所述的刀具连接件，其特征在于，所述倾斜面处于5°与45°之间的一个楔形角度。
12.如权利要求5所述的刀具连接件，其特征在于，该夹持底板设计成一个偏心夹持体。
CN2007800313767A 2006-10-20 2007-09-13 刀具连接件 Active CN101505898B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006050454.2A DE102006050454B4 (de) 2006-10-20 2006-10-20 Werkzeugkupplung
DE102006050454.2 2006-10-20
PCT/DE2007/001650 WO2008046373A1 (de) 2006-10-20 2007-09-13 Werkzeugkupplung

Publications (2)

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KR101611719B1 (ko) 2014-08-28 2016-04-14 주식회사 포스코 소재 이송장치 및 이를 포함하는 절단기
EP3335821B1 (en) * 2016-12-14 2020-10-07 Sandvik Intellectual Property AB Internal milling cutter
CN112571094A (zh) * 2020-12-22 2021-03-30 苏州萨伯工业设计有限公司 车床排刀架及其安装定位方法

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RU2009118950A (ru) 2010-11-27
DE502007002966D1 (de) 2010-04-08
EP2097201B1 (de) 2010-02-24
KR20090073085A (ko) 2009-07-02
KR101444226B1 (ko) 2014-09-26
DE102006050454A1 (de) 2008-04-24
JP5140081B2 (ja) 2013-02-06
RU2443516C2 (ru) 2012-02-27
DE102006050454B4 (de) 2023-01-19
CN101505898A (zh) 2009-08-12
MX2009004160A (es) 2009-05-05
EP2097201A1 (de) 2009-09-09
BRPI0717465A2 (pt) 2013-12-24
US8079789B2 (en) 2011-12-20
ATE458576T1 (de) 2010-03-15
PL2097201T3 (pl) 2010-07-30
US20100316459A1 (en) 2010-12-16
WO2008046373A1 (de) 2008-04-24
CA2665716A1 (en) 2008-04-24

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