CN101294327B - Novel three-dimensional weaving machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of textile machinery, and in particular relates to a novel three-dimensional loom capable of producing a three-dimensional textile composite material skeleton, which includes a frame and a transmission part, and is characterized in that it also includes a three-dimensional woven fabric arranged at the front end of the frame The take-up mechanism is a multi-layer warp let-off mechanism arranged at the end of the frame, and a Y-direction opening and a Z-direction weft insertion mechanism, a Z-direction opening and a Y-direction weft insertion mechanism are sequentially arranged between the take-up mechanism and the warp let-off mechanism. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) the present invention can be completely interwoven, has good stability, various woven fabric structures, and excellent performance of the produced textile composite material; (2) can weave four different fabrics; (3) guarantees Integrity of the fabric; (4) the distance between the yarns can be better controlled, combined with the loose type of the three-dimensional woven fabric, the present invention does not establish a beating mechanism; (5) fully utilizes the mechatronics technology, and its structure is simple , Easy to operate and maintain.

Description

New three-dimensional loom

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of textile machinery, and in particular relates to a novel three-dimensional loom capable of producing a skeleton of a three-dimensional textile composite material.

Background technique

In the current era of pursuing high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection, the disadvantages of high energy consumption, low efficiency and high pollution of some traditional materials have gradually emerged. The three-dimensional woven textile composite material not only has the characteristics of lightness, thinness and high strength, but also has the characteristics of high heat resistance and fire resistance, high dimensional stability, high chemical resistance, high filtration function, etc., and can replace some traditional metal materials, ceramics Materials are used in aerospace, aviation and military fields, and gradually expand to transportation, automobile industry, shipbuilding, sporting goods, medical and health and other fields.

Compared with the traditional two-dimensional structure fabric, the three-dimensional structure fabric adds yarns in the normal direction of the plane in addition to the yarns in the plane X and Y directions, and is formed by interweaving yarns in three directions. This structure overcomes the fatal shortcoming of low interlayer strength of various structural composite materials in the past, and has excellent overall mechanical performance. The number of parts and molds, so it has been widely used.

The three-dimensional multi-rapier loom developed by domestic scholars can complete the weaving of this fabric. The three-dimensional multi-rapier loom adopts the unique multi-eye heddle and multi-rapier weaving in the Y direction and Z direction. The above method can only open the warp along the width direction, and the yarns in the three directions cannot be completely interwoven. Poor stability, single structure of woven fabric, low performance of the produced textile composite material and other disadvantages.

Contents of the invention

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a three-dimensional loom for the above-mentioned prior art. The three-dimensional woven fabric woven by this three-dimensional loom can be made into a textile composite material and can be recycled and regenerated. It has excellent performance and is widely used. The invention has simple structure, convenient operation and maintenance, and can complete the weaving of various woven fabrics with different structures.

The solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems is: a new three-dimensional loom, including a frame and a transmission part, which is characterized in that it also includes a three-dimensional woven fabric take-up mechanism arranged at the front end of the frame. The multi-layer warp let-off mechanism at the end is also provided with a Y-direction opening and a Z-direction weft insertion mechanism, a Z-direction opening and a Y-direction weft insertion mechanism in the middle of the take-up mechanism and the warp let-off mechanism.

According to the above scheme, the coiling mechanism includes a coiling guide rail, a yarn fixing board and a yarn dividing board. The yarn boards are all long and thin rods. The yarn fixing board and the yarn dividing board are fixed on the take-up board along the Z direction through nuts. The splitting plate moves back and forth on the take-up guide rail.

According to the above scheme, the Y-direction opening and the Z-direction weft insertion mechanism include a radial reed, a radial reed plate and a weft insertion needle, and the radial reed is fixed on the radial reed plate along the Y direction by pressing a two-way nut. The radial reed board is stuck in the groove of the Y-direction opening guide rail, and the radial reed board can move back and forth on the Y-direction opening guide rail. The weft frame is stuck in the Z-direction weft insertion guide rail, and driven by the weft insertion frame, it can move up and down on the Z-direction weft insertion guide rail. The upper end of the weft insertion frame is hung on the heald lifting rod by a thin iron wire, and its up and down movement is controlled by the program.

According to the above scheme, the Z-direction opening and the Y-direction weft insertion mechanism include a rapier, a rapier frame, a multi-eye heald frame and a heald lifting rod. Connected to the bottom of the frame by a spring, the rapier is driven by the gear to move on the rack of the rapier frame along the Z direction, and the rapier frame can move on the Y-direction weft insertion guide rail.

According to the above scheme, the warp let-off mechanism includes a warp let-off frame, a warp beam and a yarn splitter, the warp let-off frame is fixed at the end of the frame, and the warp let-off frame is fixed with a plurality of warp beams through bearings from top to bottom, each The warp beams are connected by gears, and two adjacent warp beams move in reverse. The yarn splitter is fixed on the frame by screws along the Y direction. There are many thin rods vertically arranged in the yarn splitter, which can comb the yarn sent out by the let-off mechanism. yarn.

According to the above scheme, the transmission part includes a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is fixed on the side end of the frame with bearings, and the shafts are connected by bevel gears.

The invention can complete the weaving work of three-dimensional yarns in space, and its main functional features include: (1) the combination of three-dimensional weaving and knitting; (2) the diversity of three-dimensional woven fabrics; (3) the complete interweaving of three-dimensional woven fabrics.

The warp let-off mechanism of the present invention adopts multi-row warp beam let-off, and utilizes the yarn splitter to carry out layering arrangement on the yarn; in view of the looseness of the three-dimensional woven fabric, the coiling mechanism is designed to drag and coil; between layers (Y direction) The shedding adopts a special multi-eye heald frame shedding for reference to the shedding method of the two-dimensional loom, and a single rapier moves the weft insertion to complete the Y-direction shedding and weft insertion work; the shedding between yarns (Z-direction) adopts a radial reed shedding The radial reed extends into the yarn layer, the reed teeth catch the yarn, and two opposing radial reeds rub to form an opening, and the Z-direction yarn weft insertion is completed by using a weft insertion needle that simulates a sewing machine needle.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The textile composite material made of the three-dimensional woven fabric woven by the present invention can replace some traditional metal materials and ceramic materials and be used in the fields of aerospace, aviation and military industry, and gradually expand to transportation, automobile industry, shipbuilding, sporting goods , healthcare and other fields. Three-dimensional textile composite material is an advanced composite material. It is made of three-dimensional fabric as a reinforcing phase and epoxy resin and PVC as a matrix. Its integrated fiber-reinforced structure endows the composite material with excellent interlayer shear. Shear strength, excellent impact damage resistance, suitable toughness, high specific strength and specific modulus, and it also has the characteristics of light weight, good rigidity, high strength, corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance;

(2) the weft insertion method of the present invention has changed the disadvantages that the previous yarns cannot be completely interwoven, the stability is poor, the structure of the woven fabric is single, and the performance of the produced textile composite material is low;

(3) By changing the opening and the weft insertion mode, the present invention can weave four different fabrics;

(4) The warp let-off mechanism and the take-up mechanism of the present invention adopt coaxial transmission, utilize friction plates to control intermittent motion, and ensure the integrity of the fabric;

(5) Y-direction (between yarns) and Z-direction (between layers) of the present invention can better control the distance between yarns, combined with the loose type of three-dimensional woven fabric, the present invention does not establish a beating-up mechanism.

(6) The present invention makes full use of the mechatronics technology, has a simple structure, and is convenient for operation and maintenance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the overall structure of the present invention

Figure 2 is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the let-off mechanism

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the Y-direction opening and the Z-direction weft insertion mechanism

Figure 5 is a top view of Figure 4

Detailed ways

The present invention adopts general mechanical design method to design, and main body is frame, and frame mainly comprises four major mechanisms: take-up mechanism, shedding mechanism, weft insertion mechanism, warp let-off mechanism.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the two sets of take-up guide rails 2 are grooved and fixed on both sides of the front end of the frame 1 along the X direction by screws. Composed of rods, the yarn fixing plate and the yarn dividing plate are fixed on the take-up plate 16 along the Z direction through nuts, and the take-up plate is stuck in the groove of the take-up guide rail and driven by rack and pinion, so that it can go back and forth on the take-up guide rail move. The yarn fixing plate fixes the X-direction warp and is the main source of crimp tension, and the yarn dividing plate is the yarn dividing mechanism to ensure the layering of the yarn. When the yarn passes through the yarn splitting board, it is pressed into the yarn splitting board in layers by using thin rods with layer width to ensure the integrity and layering of the yarn. , is mainly the main source of crimp tension, and also facilitates the transfer of woven fabrics. When the woven fabric reaches a certain length, the end can be loaded with a take-up plate, and the X-direction yarn can be cut, so that the woven fabric can be easily separated from the loom.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 4 and Figure 5, the radial reed 5 is a long thin rod with reed teeth, and the radial reed is fixed on the radial reed board 6 along the Y direction by pressing the two-way nut. The reed board is stuck in the groove of the Y-direction opening guide rail 17, and the radial reed board can move in the groove of the Y-direction opening guide rail. The weft insertion needle 7 is in the middle of two opposite radial reed boards, the weft insertion needle is inserted on the weft insertion frame, and the weft insertion frame is stuck in the Z-direction weft insertion guide rail 19, which can move up and down on the guide rail, and the weft insertion The upper end of the frame is hung on the heald lifting rod by a thin iron wire, and its up and down movement is controlled by a program. After the two radial reed boards are inserted, the reed teeth can accurately hold each yarn, causing the yarn to rub, thus forming an opening, and the weft insertion needle imitates the sewing machine needle to bring the yarn into the Z direction. Just finished the shedding of Y direction and Z direction weft insertion action.

The multi-eye heald frame 9 is connected and hung on the heald lifting rod 10 through thin iron wires, and its movement is controlled by the heald lifting rod. Drive to move on the tooth bar of rapier frame 8 along Z direction, and rapier frame can move on the weft insertion guide rail along Y direction again. Adjacent yarns in the X direction pass through the adjacent heald frames, and the relative movement of the adjacent heald frames makes the yarns open in the Y direction. A single rapier is fixed on the weft insertion rod and can move on the weft insertion rod. The weft bar is fixed on the frame guide rail and can move along the Y direction, and the Y-direction movement of the weft insertion bar and the Z-direction movement of the rapier on the weft insertion bar are combined to complete the Y-direction weft insertion work.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the warp let-off frame 13 is fixed at the end of the frame, and the warp let-off frame is fixed with (X) warp beams 14 through bearings from top to bottom, and gears are used between each warp beam connection, two adjacent warp beams move in reverse, that is, adjacent warp beams are fed in reverse, and the yarn splitter 11 is fixed on the frame by screws along the Y direction. Many thin rods are vertically arranged in the yarn splitter, which can be combed The yarn sent by the let-off mechanism. The n rows of warp threads sent out are divided and arranged on the yarn splitter to ensure that the yarns can be sent into the shedding mechanism and the weft insertion mechanism neatly.

The present invention adopts shaft transmission, and the machine transmission part has motor, speed reducer, bevel gear and transmission shaft 15. Driven by a motor, the motor and the worm gear reducer are fixed on the bottom of the frame by screws and connected by a belt. The friction plate is installed at the low speed end of the reducer to realize intermittent control. The friction plate is connected to the drive shaft through a bevel gear 18, and the drive shaft is It is fixed on the side end of the frame with bearings, and the shafts are also connected by bevel gears.

The running process of the yarn: as shown in Figure 1, the warp let-off mechanism is sent out, and then passes through the Z-direction shedding mechanism, the Y-direction weft insertion mechanism, the Y-direction shedding mechanism, the Z-direction weft insertion mechanism to the take-up mechanism.

m rows of X-direction yarns 12 are sent through m/2 warp beams; Y-direction passes through the opening of the multi-eye heald frame, n rows of rapier weft insertion, Z-direction passes through the warp reed opening, and n rows of weft insertion needles carry Z-direction yarns Thread weft insertion; due to the looseness of the three-dimensional woven fabric, there is no need for a beating device; the take-up and the let-off mechanism are synchronized, and due to its non-coilability, a take-up trolley is used for take-up.

Claims (6)

1. three-dimensional loom, include frame (1), running part, be arranged on the Woven Fabric spooler of frame front end, be arranged on the multilayer warp yarn supplying mechanism of frame end, in the middle of spooler and warp-feeding mechanism, also be disposed with Y-direction opening and Z-direction weft insertion device, Z-direction opening and Y-direction weft insertion device, it is characterized in that:

Described Y-direction opening and Z-direction weft insertion device include radially reed (5), radially reed plate (6) and wefting insertion pin (7), radially reed by two-way nut compress be fixed on radially the reed plate along Y-direction on, radially the reed integrated circuit board is in Y-direction opening guide rail groove, radially the reed plate can move back and forth at Y-direction opening guide rail, the wefting insertion pin is in two radially in the middle of the reed plate, and be inserted on the wefting insertion frame, the wefting insertion frame is stuck in the Z-direction wefting insertion guide rail (19), drive and to move up and down at Z-direction wefting insertion guide rail by the wefting insertion frame, wefting insertion frame upper end is hung on the harness lever by thin wire, it moves up and down by programme-control

Described Z-direction opening and Y-direction weft insertion device include arrow shaft, arrow shaft frame (8), many heald frames (9) and harness lever (10), many heald frames are connected on the harness lever, many heald frame lower ends are connected to the frame bottom by spring, arrow shaft is mobile at the tooth bar of arrow shaft frame along Z-direction by gear driven, and the arrow shaft frame can move at Y-direction wefting insertion guide rail again.

2. by three-dimensional loom claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described spooler includes batches guide rail (2), yarn-fixing plate (3) and yarn dividing plate (4), batching guide rail is groove shapes is fixed on the frame front end along X-direction by screw both sides, yarn-fixing plate and yarn dividing plate are long thin bar, yarn-fixing plate and yarn dividing plate are fixed on along Z-direction by nut and batch on the plate, batch integrated circuit board and in batching guide rail groove, rely on rack-and-pinion to carry out transmission, drive yarn-fixing plate and yarn dividing plate and move around batching guide rail.

3. by claim 1 or 2 described three-dimensional looms, it is characterized in that described warp-feeding mechanism includes warp let-off frame (13), warp beam (14) and spreader (11), warp let-off frame is fixed on the frame end, warp let-off frame is fixed with many warp beams by bearing from top to bottom, connect with gear between the every warp beam, adjacent two warp beam counter motions, spreader is fixed on the frame by screw along Y-direction, vertically arrange a lot of thin bars in the spreader, the yarn of can the combing warp-feeding mechanism sending.

4. by claim 1 or 2 described three-dimensional looms, it is characterized in that running part includes power transmission shaft (15), power transmission shaft is to be fixed on the frame side with bearing, and each between centers adopts bevel gear (18) to connect.

5. by three-dimensional loom claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that running part includes power transmission shaft (15), power transmission shaft is to be fixed on the frame side with bearing, and each between centers adopts bevel gear (18) to connect.

6. by three-dimensional loom claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that running part also includes motor, decelerator and bevel gear, by motor-driven, motor and decelerator are fixed on the frame bottom by screw, connect by belt, friction plate is installed in decelerator low speed end and realizes intermittently control, and friction plate is connected with power transmission shaft by angular wheel.

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