CN201241230Y - Novel three-dimensional loom - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of textile machinery, and in particular relates to a new three-dimensional loom capable of producing a three-dimensional textile composite material skeleton, which includes a frame and a transmission part, and is characterized in that it also includes a three-dimensional loom arranged at the front end of the frame. The fabric take-up mechanism is a multi-layer warp let-off mechanism arranged at the end of the frame, and a Y-direction opening and a Z-direction weft insertion mechanism, a Z-direction opening and a Y-direction weft insertion mechanism are sequentially arranged between the take-up mechanism and the warp let-off mechanism . The beneficial effects of the utility model are: (1) the utility model can be completely interlaced, has good stability, various woven fabric structures, and the produced textile composite material has excellent performance; (2) four different fabrics can be woven; (3) ) to ensure the integrity of the fabric; (4) can better control the distance between the yarns, combined with the loose type of three-dimensional woven fabrics, the utility model does not have a beating mechanism; (5) fully utilizes the mechanical and electrical integration technology, Its structure is simple, easy to operate and maintain.

Description

New three-dimensional loom

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of textile machinery, in particular to a novel three-dimensional loom capable of producing a skeleton of three-dimensional textile composite materials.

Background technique

In the current era of pursuing high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection, the disadvantages of high energy consumption, low efficiency and high pollution of some traditional materials have gradually emerged. The three-dimensional woven textile composite material not only has the characteristics of lightness, thinness and high strength, but also has the characteristics of high heat resistance and fire resistance, high dimensional stability, high chemical resistance, high filtration function, etc., and can replace some traditional metal materials, ceramics Materials are used in aerospace, aviation and military fields, and gradually expand to transportation, automobile industry, shipbuilding, sporting goods, medical and health and other fields.

Compared with the traditional two-dimensional structure fabric, the three-dimensional structure fabric adds yarns in the normal direction of the plane in addition to the yarns in the plane X and Y directions, and is formed by interweaving yarns in three directions. This structure overcomes the fatal shortcoming of low interlayer strength of various structural composite materials in the past, and has excellent overall mechanical performance. The number of parts and molds, so it has been widely used.

The three-dimensional multi-rapier loom developed by domestic scholars can complete the weaving of this fabric. The three-dimensional multi-rapier loom adopts the unique multi-eye heddle and multi-rapier weaving in the Y direction and Z direction. The above method can only open the warp along the width direction, and the yarns in the three directions cannot be completely interwoven. Poor stability, single structure of woven fabric, low performance of the produced textile composite material and other disadvantages.

Contents of the invention

The problem to be solved by the utility model is to propose a three-dimensional loom for the above-mentioned prior art. The three-dimensional woven fabric woven by this three-dimensional loom can be made into a textile composite material and can be recycled and regenerated. It has excellent performance and is widely used. Moreover, the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and maintenance, and can complete weaving of various woven fabrics with different structures.

The solution adopted by the utility model for solving the above-mentioned problems is: a new three-dimensional loom, which includes a frame and a transmission part, and is characterized in that it also includes a three-dimensional woven fabric take-up mechanism arranged at the front end of the frame. The multi-layer warp let-off mechanism at the end of the frame is also provided with a Y-direction opening and a Z-direction weft insertion mechanism, a Z-direction opening and a Y-direction weft insertion mechanism in the middle of the take-up mechanism and the warp let-off mechanism.

According to the above scheme, the coiling mechanism includes a coiling guide rail, a yarn fixing board and a yarn dividing board. The yarn boards are all long and thin rods. The yarn fixing board and the yarn dividing board are fixed on the take-up board along the Z direction through nuts. The splitting plate moves back and forth on the take-up guide rail.

According to the above scheme, the Y-direction opening and the Z-direction weft insertion mechanism include a radial reed, a radial reed plate and a weft insertion needle, and the radial reed is fixed on the radial reed plate along the Y direction by pressing a two-way nut. The radial reed board is stuck in the groove of the Y-direction opening guide rail, and the radial reed board can move back and forth on the Y-direction opening guide rail. The weft frame is stuck in the Z-direction weft insertion guide rail, and driven by the weft insertion frame, it can move up and down on the Z-direction weft insertion guide rail. The upper end of the weft insertion frame is hung on the heald lifting rod by a thin iron wire, and its up and down movement is controlled by the program.

According to the above scheme, the Z-direction opening and the Y-direction weft insertion mechanism include a rapier, a rapier frame, a multi-eye heald frame and a heald lifting rod. Connected to the bottom of the frame by a spring, the rapier is driven by the gear to move on the rack of the rapier frame along the Z direction, and the rapier frame can move on the Y-direction weft insertion guide rail.

According to the above scheme, the warp let-off mechanism includes a warp let-off frame, a warp beam and a yarn splitter, the warp let-off frame is fixed at the end of the frame, and the warp let-off frame is fixed with a plurality of warp beams through bearings from top to bottom, each The warp beams are connected by gears, and two adjacent warp beams move in reverse. The yarn splitter is fixed on the frame by screws along the Y direction. There are many thin rods vertically arranged in the yarn splitter, which can comb the yarn sent out by the let-off mechanism. yarn.

According to the above scheme, the transmission part includes a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is fixed on the side end of the frame with bearings, and the shafts are connected by bevel gears.

The utility model can complete the weaving work of three-dimensional yarns in space, and its main functional features include: (1) the combination of three-dimensional weaving and knitting; (2) the diversity of three-dimensional woven fabrics; (3) the complete interweaving of three-dimensional woven fabrics .

The warp let-off mechanism of the utility model adopts multi-row warp beam let-off, and utilizes the yarn splitter to carry out layering arrangement on the yarn; in view of the looseness of the three-dimensional woven fabric, the coiling mechanism is designed to drag and coil; the interlayer (Y direction ) shedding refers to the shedding method of two-dimensional looms and adopts a special multi-eye heald frame shedding, and a single rapier moves the weft insertion to complete the Y-direction shedding and weft insertion work; the yarn-to-yarn (Z-direction) shedding adopts radial reed rubbing shedding , the radial reed extends into the yarn layer, the reed teeth clamp the yarn, two opposing radial reeds rub to form an opening, and the Z-direction yarn weft insertion is completed by using a weft insertion needle that simulates a sewing machine needle.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

(1) The textile composite material made of the three-dimensional woven fabric woven by the utility model can replace some traditional metal materials and ceramic materials and be used in the fields of aerospace, aviation and military industry, and is gradually applied to transportation, automobile industry, shipbuilding, sports Supplies, medical and health and other fields to expand. Three-dimensional textile composite material is an advanced composite material. It is made of three-dimensional fabric as a reinforcing phase and epoxy resin and PVC as a matrix. Its integrated fiber-reinforced structure endows the composite material with excellent interlayer shear. Shear strength, excellent impact damage resistance, suitable toughness, high specific strength and specific modulus, and it also has the characteristics of light weight, good rigidity, high strength, corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance;

(2) The weft insertion method of the utility model has changed the disadvantages of the previous yarns that cannot be completely interwoven, poor stability, single structure of the woven fabric, and low performance of the produced textile composite material;

(3) By changing the opening and weft insertion mode, the utility model can weave four different fabrics;

(4) The let-off mechanism and the take-up mechanism of the utility model adopt coaxial transmission, and use friction plates to control intermittent movement to ensure the integrity of the fabric;

(5) The Y-direction (between yarns) and Z-direction (between layers) of the utility model can better control the distance between the yarns, combined with the loose type of the three-dimensional woven fabric, the utility model does not have a beating-up mechanism.

(6) The utility model makes full use of the mechatronics technology, and has a simple structure and is convenient for operation and maintenance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the overall structure of the utility model

Figure 2 is a top view of the overall structure of the utility model

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the let-off mechanism

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the Y-direction opening and the Z-direction weft insertion mechanism

Figure 5 is a top view of Figure 4

Detailed ways

The utility model adopts a general mechanical design method, the main body is a frame, and the frame mainly includes four mechanisms: a coiling mechanism, an opening mechanism, a weft insertion mechanism, and a warp let-off mechanism.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the two sets of take-up guide rails 2 are grooved and fixed on both sides of the front end of the frame 1 along the X direction by screws. Composed of rods, the yarn fixing plate and the yarn dividing plate are fixed on the take-up plate 16 along the Z direction through nuts, and the take-up plate is stuck in the groove of the take-up guide rail and driven by rack and pinion, so that it can go back and forth on the take-up guide rail move. The yarn fixing plate fixes the X-direction warp and is the main source of crimp tension, and the yarn dividing plate is the yarn dividing mechanism to ensure the layering of the yarn. When the yarn passes through the yarn splitting board, it is pressed into the yarn splitting board in layers by using thin rods with layer width to ensure the integrity and layering of the yarn. , is mainly the main source of crimp tension, and also facilitates the transfer of woven fabrics. When the woven fabric reaches a certain length, the end can be loaded with a take-up plate, and the X-direction yarn can be cut, so that the woven fabric can be easily separated from the loom.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 4 and Figure 5, the radial reed 5 is a long thin rod with reed teeth, and the radial reed is fixed on the radial reed board 6 along the Y direction by pressing the two-way nut. The reed board is stuck in the groove of the Y-direction opening guide rail 17, and the radial reed board can move in the groove of the Y-direction opening guide rail. The weft insertion needle 7 is in the middle of two opposite radial reed boards, the weft insertion needle is inserted on the weft insertion frame, and the weft insertion frame is stuck in the Z-direction weft insertion guide rail 19, which can move up and down on the guide rail, and the weft insertion The upper end of the frame is hung on the heald lifting rod by a thin iron wire, and its up and down movement is controlled by a program. After the two radial reed boards are inserted, the reed teeth can accurately hold each yarn, causing the yarn to rub, thus forming an opening, and the weft insertion needle imitates the sewing machine needle to bring the yarn into the Z direction. Just finished the shedding of Y direction and Z direction weft insertion action.

The multi-eye heald frame 9 is connected and hung on the heald lifting rod 10 through thin iron wires, and its movement is controlled by the heald lifting rod. Drive to move on the tooth bar of rapier frame 8 along Z direction, and rapier frame can move on the weft insertion guide rail along Y direction again. Adjacent yarns in the X direction pass through the adjacent heald frames, and the relative movement of the adjacent heald frames makes the yarns open in the Y direction. A single rapier is fixed on the weft insertion rod and can move on the weft insertion rod. The weft bar is fixed on the frame guide rail and can move along the Y direction, and the Y-direction movement of the weft insertion bar and the Z-direction movement of the rapier on the weft insertion bar are combined to complete the Y-direction weft insertion work.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the warp let-off frame 13 is fixed at the end of the frame, and the warp let-off frame is fixed with (X) warp beams 14 through bearings from top to bottom, and gears are used between each warp beam connection, two adjacent warp beams move in reverse, that is, adjacent warp beams are fed in reverse, and the yarn splitter 11 is fixed on the frame by screws along the Y direction. Many thin rods are vertically arranged in the yarn splitter, which can be combed The yarn sent by the let-off mechanism. The n rows of warp threads sent out are divided and arranged on the yarn splitter to ensure that the yarns can be sent into the shedding mechanism and the weft insertion mechanism neatly.

The utility model adopts shaft transmission, and the machine transmission part has a motor, a speed reducer, a bevel gear and a drive shaft 15. Driven by a motor, the motor and the worm gear reducer are fixed on the bottom of the frame by screws and connected by a belt. The friction plate is installed at the low speed end of the reducer to realize intermittent control. The friction plate is connected to the drive shaft through a bevel gear 18, and the drive shaft is It is fixed on the side end of the frame with bearings, and the shafts are also connected by bevel gears.

The running process of the yarn: as shown in Figure 1, the warp let-off mechanism is sent out, and then passes through the Z-direction shedding mechanism, the Y-direction weft insertion mechanism, the Y-direction shedding mechanism, the Z-direction weft insertion mechanism to the take-up mechanism.

m rows of X-direction yarns 12 are sent through m/2 warp beams; Y-direction passes through the opening of the multi-eye heald frame, n rows of rapier weft insertion, Z-direction passes through the warp reed opening, and n rows of weft insertion needles carry Z-direction yarns Thread weft insertion; due to the looseness of the three-dimensional woven fabric, there is no need for a beating device; the take-up and the let-off mechanism are synchronized, and due to its non-coilability, a take-up trolley is used for take-up.

Claims (9)

1, novel three-dimensional weaving machine, include frame (1) and running part, it is characterized in that also including the three-dimensional woven fabric spooler that is arranged on the frame front end, be arranged on the multilayer warp thread warp-feeding mechanism of frame end, in the middle of spooler and warp-feeding mechanism, also be disposed with Y to opening and Z to weft insertion device, Z to opening and Y to weft insertion device.

2, by the described novel three-dimensional weaving machine of claim 1, it is characterized in that described spooler includes batches guide rail (2), yarn-fixing plate (3) and dividing sinker plate (4), batch guide rail and be groove shapes by screw along X to the both sides that are fixed on the frame front end, yarn-fixing plate and dividing sinker plate are long thin bar, yarn-fixing plate and dividing sinker plate batch on the plate to being fixed on along Z by nut, batch integrated circuit board and in batching guide rail groove, rely on rack-and-pinion to carry out transmission, drive yarn-fixing plate and dividing sinker plate and move around batching on the guide rail.

3, by claim 1 or 2 described novel three-dimensional weaving machines, it is characterized in that described Y includes radially reed (5) to opening and Z to weft insertion device, radially reed plate (6) and wefting insertion pin (7), radially reed compresses along Y to being fixed on radially on the reed plate by two-way nut, radially the reed integrated circuit board at Y in the opening guide rail groove, radially the reed plate can move back and forth on the opening guide rail at Y, the wefting insertion pin is in two radially in the middle of the reed plate, and be inserted on the wefting insertion frame, the wefting insertion frame is stuck in Z in wefting insertion guide rail (19), drive and to move up and down on the wefting insertion guide rail at Z by the wefting insertion frame, wefting insertion frame upper end is hung on the harness lever by thin wire, and it moves up and down by programme-control.

4, by claim 1 or 2 described novel three-dimensional weaving machines, it is characterized in that described Z includes arrow shaft, arrow shaft frame (8), many heald frames (9) and harness lever (10) to opening and Y to weft insertion device, many heald frames are connected on the harness lever, many heald frame lower ends are connected the frame bottom by spring, arrow shaft by gear driven along Z on the tooth bar of arrow shaft frame, moving, the arrow shaft frame can move on the wefting insertion guide rail at Y again.

5, by the described novel three-dimensional weaving machine of claim 3, it is characterized in that described Z includes arrow shaft, arrow shaft frame (8), many heald frames (9) and harness lever (10) to opening and Y to weft insertion device, many heald frames are connected on the harness lever, many heald frame lower ends are connected the frame bottom by spring, arrow shaft by gear driven along Z on the tooth bar of arrow shaft frame, moving, the arrow shaft frame can move on the wefting insertion guide rail at Y again.

6, by claim 1 or 2 or 5 described novel three-dimensional weaving machines, it is characterized in that described warp-feeding mechanism include warp let-off frame (13), through axle (14) and spreader (11), warp let-off frame is fixed on the frame end, warp let-off frame has many through axle by bearing fixing from top to bottom, every connects with gear between axle, adjacent two through the axle counter motion, spreader along Y to being fixed on the frame by screw, vertically arrange a lot of thin bars in the spreader, the yarn of can the combing warp-feeding mechanism sending.

7, by claim 1 or 2 or 5 described novel three-dimensional weaving machines, it is characterized in that running part includes power transmission shaft (15), power transmission shaft is to use bearing fixing at the frame side, and each between centers adopts bevel gear (18) to connect.

8, by the described novel three-dimensional weaving machine of claim 6, it is characterized in that running part includes power transmission shaft (15), power transmission shaft is to use bearing fixing at the frame side, and each between centers adopts bevel gear (18) to connect.

9, by the described novel three-dimensional weaving machine of claim 8, it is characterized in that running part also includes motor, decelerator and bevel gear, by motor-driven, motor and decelerator are fixed on the frame bottom by screw, connect by belt, friction plate is installed in decelerator low speed end and realizes intermittently control, and friction plate is connected with power transmission shaft by angular wheel.

Images