CN101248148A - 聚氨酯-聚脲分散体 - Google Patents
聚氨酯-聚脲分散体 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101248148A CN101248148A CNA2006800310251A CN200680031025A CN101248148A CN 101248148 A CN101248148 A CN 101248148A CN A2006800310251 A CNA2006800310251 A CN A2006800310251A CN 200680031025 A CN200680031025 A CN 200680031025A CN 101248148 A CN101248148 A CN 101248148A
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
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- polyurea dispersions
- glycol
- weight
- Prior art date
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 title claims description 56
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- -1 amino low-molecular weight compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920003009 polyurethane dispersion Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 37
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- BTXCHYCUHBGRMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N amino sulfamate Chemical class NOS(N)(=O)=O BTXCHYCUHBGRMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 4
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N (3as,7ar)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C=CC[C@@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]21 KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PTBDIHRZYDMNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)C(O)=O PTBDIHRZYDMNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UXFQFBNBSPQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(N)(C)CO UXFQFBNBSPQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940059574 pentaerithrityl Drugs 0.000 description 3
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-LURJTMIESA-N (2s)-hexane-1,2,6-triol Chemical compound OCCCC[C@H](O)CO ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARXKVVRQIIOZGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-butanetriol Chemical compound OCCC(O)CO ARXKVVRQIIOZGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MNAHQWDCXOHBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpropane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MNAHQWDCXOHBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IVGRSQBDVIJNDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound NCCNCCS(O)(=O)=O IVGRSQBDVIJNDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHPVDCPCKSNJDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxydecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)C(O)=O GHPVDCPCKSNJDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AIDLAEPHWROGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=C1C(O)=O AIDLAEPHWROGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WXUAQHNMJWJLTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC(O)=O WXUAQHNMJWJLTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QMEQBOSUJUOXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-oxadiazine Chemical compound N1OC=CC=N1 QMEQBOSUJUOXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNLRDVBAHRQMHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propanoic acid Chemical compound NCCNCCC(O)=O NNLRDVBAHRQMHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PJWWRFATQTVXHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexylaminopropanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCCNC1CCCCC1 PJWWRFATQTVXHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001730 Moisture cure polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1 NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005594 diketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylamine Chemical compound CCCNCCC WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 2
- SFNALCNOMXIBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol monododecyl ether Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCO SFNALCNOMXIBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Natural products OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N itaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N suberic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N taurine Chemical compound NCCS(O)(=O)=O XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylenediamine Chemical class NCCCN XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(O)=O AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OOCCDEMITAIZTP-QPJJXVBHSA-N (E)-cinnamyl alcohol Chemical compound OC\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 OOCCDEMITAIZTP-QPJJXVBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZBIETPCMMGBGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dimethyl-2-propylhydrazine Chemical compound CCCNN(C)C OZBIETPCMMGBGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,6-Hexanetriol Chemical compound OCCCCC(O)CO ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及基于特定聚酯的水性聚氨酯分散体,制备这些分散体的方法以及它们的用途。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及基于特定聚酯的水性聚氨酯分散体,以及它们的制备方法和用途。
发明背景
使用水性粘结剂、特别是聚氨酯-聚脲(PUR)分散体对基材进行涂覆的情况越来越常见。与许多其他种类的水性粘结剂相比,PUR分散体在对化学物质和水的高耐受性、高机械强度、以及高抗张强度和可拉伸性方面特别显著。现有技术的聚氨酯-聚脲分散体基本上能够满足这些要求。这些体系由于亲水基团的原因可以自乳化,也就是它们可以在不借助外部乳化剂的情况下分散在水中。现有技术的PUR分散体的缺点是,它们并不总能满足这些要求,特别是在高抗张强度以及非常高的可拉伸性方面更是如此。
发明概述
因此,本发明的目的是提供改进的聚氨酯-聚脲(PUR)分散体,它们的膜结合了高抗张强度和极端的可拉伸性。
已知通过对用于制备聚酯的单体进行选择,可以对它们的硬度、弹性、以及涂层的冲击弹性行为施加关键性的影响。所述挠性化单元(flexibilizing units)是具有较长链的脂族化合物,例如1,6-己二醇或己二酸。相应地,使用短链脂族或芳族化合物例如乙二醇、丙-1,2-二醇或邻苯二甲酸导致形成坚硬、弹性较差的膜和涂层。
与一般说法相反,现在令人惊奇地发现,通过结合主要由短链多元醇组分合成的特定聚酯多元醇,可以获得表现出极佳可拉伸性、从而克服现有技术缺点的PUR分散体。
因此,本发明提供包含选自以下的单元的水性聚氨酯-聚脲分散体:
I)异氰酸酯基官能度≥2的多异氰酸酯,
II)聚合物多元醇,
III)摩尔量为62-400克/摩尔、总共具有两个或更多个羟基和/或氨基的低分子量化合物,
IV)具有一个羟基或氨基的化合物,
V)异氰酸酯-反应性、离子性或潜离子性的亲水化化合物,以及
VI)异氰酸酯-反应性、非离子性的亲水化化合物,
其特征在于,组分II)包含至少一种具有以下性质的聚酯多元醇(II.a):数均分子量Mn为200-8000克/摩尔、优选为400-8000克/摩尔、更优选为600-3000克/摩尔,其由50-99重量%、优选55-75重量%、更优选至少58-70重量%的通式(1)的二醇(以二醇的总重量为基准计)合成,
其中:n是1和/或2。
本发明还提供了本发明的水性聚氨酯-聚脲分散体,其特征在于,组分II)包含至少一种100重量%由通式(1)的二醇合成的聚酯多元醇(II.a),
其中:n是1和/或2。
具体实施方式
合适的组分I)的多异氰酸酯本质上是本领域技术人员已知的芳族、芳脂族、脂族或脂环族多异氰酸酯,其NCO官能度优选大于或等于2,还可以包含亚氨基噁二嗪二酮、异氰脲酸酯、脲二酮(uretdione)、氨基甲酸酯、脲基甲酸酯、缩二脲、脲、噁二嗪三酮、噁唑烷酮、酰脲和/或碳二亚胺结构。它们可以单独使用或者以任何需要的彼此混合物形式使用。
合适的多异氰酸酯的例子是1,4-丁二异氰酸酯、1,6-己二异氰酸酯(HDI)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、2,2,4-和/或2,4,4-三甲基-1,6-己二异氰酸酯、同分异构的二(4,4’-异氰酸环己酯基)甲烷或者它们的任何需要的异构体含量的混合物、异氰酸甲酯基-1,8-辛烷二异氰酸酯、1,4-环己二异氰酸酯、1,4-苯二异氰酸酯、2,4-和/或2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯、1,3-和1,4-二(2-异氰酸丙-2-酯基)苯(TMXDI)、1,3-二(异氰酸甲酯基)苯(XDI)、1,5-萘二异氰酸酯、2,4’-或4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、三苯基甲烷-4,4’,4”-三异氰酸酯、或者基于上述二异氰酸酯的具有2个以上NCO基团且具有脲二酮、异氰脲酸酯、氨基甲酸酯、脲基甲酸酯、缩二脲、亚氨基噁二嗪二酮和/或噁二嗪三酮结构的衍生物。
每个分子中具有2个以上NCO基团的非改性多异氰酸酯可以是例如4-异氰酸甲酯基-1,8-辛烷二异氰酸酯(壬烷三异氰酸酯)。
所述多异氰酸酯或多异氰酸酯混合物优选是上述种类的、只包含与脂族基团和/或脂环族基团连接的异氰酸酯基的多异氰酸酯或多异氰酸酯混合物。
特别优选的是1,6-己二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、同分异构的二(4,4’-异氰酸环己酯基)甲烷、以及它们的混合物。
根据本发明的组分II)包含至少一种主要由通式(1)的短链二醇合成的聚酯多元醇(II.a)。而且,组分II)还可以包含其他多元醇(II.b)作为组成单元。这些任选使用的多元醇(II.b)是例如普通的聚酯多元醇、聚丙烯酸酯多元醇、聚氨酯多元醇、聚碳酸酯多元醇、聚醚多元醇、聚酯聚丙烯酸酯多元醇和聚氨酯聚丙烯酸酯多元醇、聚氨酯聚酯多元醇、聚氨酯聚醚多元醇、聚氨酯聚碳酸酯多元醇、聚酯聚碳酸酯多元醇、苯酚/甲醛树脂之类的多元醇,这些多元醇可以单独使用或者以混合物形式使用。这些种类的多元醇还可以至少按比例地包含伯氨基或仲氨基作为NCO-反应性基团。
一般来说,聚酯多元醇(II.a)的分子量Mn为200-8000克/摩尔,优选为600-3000克/摩尔。它们的羟值为22-400毫克KOH/克,优选为30-200毫克KOH/克,更优选为40-160毫克KOH/克;它们的OH官能度为1.5-6,优选为1.8-3,更优选为1.8-2.2,最优选为1.9-2.1。
合适的聚酯多元醇(II.a)是二醇和任选的多(三、四)醇与二羧酸和任选的多(三、四)羧酸或羟基羧酸或内酯的缩聚物。除了游离的多羧酸之外,还可以使用相应的多羧酸酐或者相应的低级醇的多羧酸酯来制备所述聚酯。
除了作为通式(1)化合物的短链二醇之外,还可以使用其他二醇或多元醇来制备聚酯多元醇(II.a)。合适的二醇的例子是丁二醇、三甘醇、聚亚烷基二醇例如聚乙二醇、丙二醇、丁烷-1,4-二醇、己烷-1,6-二醇、新戊二醇,优选上述最后三种化合物,即丁烷-1,4-二醇、己烷-1,6-二醇、新戊二醇。还可以任选使用例如以下的多元醇:三羟甲基丙烷、丙三醇、赤藓醇、季戊四醇、三羟甲基苯或三羟乙基异氰脲酸酯。
合适的二羧酸或多羧酸包括邻苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、四氢邻苯二甲酸、六氢邻苯二甲酸、环己烷二羧酸、己二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、戊二酸、四氯邻苯二甲酸、马来酸、富马酸、衣康酸、丙二酸、辛二酸、2-甲基琥珀酸、3,3-二乙基戊二酸、2,2-二甲基琥珀酸、或者具有20-50个碳原子的二聚脂肪酸。可以类似地使用这些酸的酸酐(如果存在的话)。因此,对于本发明要考虑的问题,“酸”的表述包括酸酐。还可以使用单羧酸,例如具有10-20个碳原子的饱和或不饱和的脂肪酸、苯甲酸、2-乙基己酸和己烷羧酸,只要这些多元醇的平均官能度超过2即可。优选饱和的脂族或芳族酸,例如己二酸和/或邻苯二甲酸或邻苯二甲酸酐。还可以任选以较少量使用的多羧酸是例如苯偏三酸。
在制备聚酯多元醇时可以作为反应物使用、具有端羟基的羟基羧酸是例如羟基己酸、羟基丁酸、羟基癸酸、羟基硬脂酸等。可以使用的内酯包括己内酯、丁内酯等。
但是,对于本发明重要的是,用于制备聚酯多元醇II.a)的二醇的50-99重量%、优选55-75重量%、更优选58-70重量%选自通式(1)的乙二醇类,
其中:n是1和/或2。然后可以将这些短链多元醇与其他二醇组合使用,所述其他二醇优选是1,4-丁-二醇和/或1,6-己二醇。为了这个目的组合使用的酸组分优选是己二酸和/或邻苯二甲酸。只使用通式(1)的二醇组分(100重量%)合成聚酯(II.a)时,优选将它们与己二酸和/或邻苯二甲酸组分组合使用。
一般说来,多元醇(II.b)的分子量Mn为200-8000克/摩尔,优选为600-3000克/摩尔。它们的羟值为22-400毫克KOH/克,优选为30-200毫克KOH/克,更优选为40-160毫克KOH/克;它们的OH官能度为1.5-6,优选为1.8-3,更优选为1.9-2.1。
优选的多元醇II.b)是聚酯多元醇、含羟基的聚碳酸酯或聚醚多元醇。
合适的含羟基聚碳酸酯是可以例如通过使碳酸衍生物(例如碳酸二苯酯或碳酸二甲酯)或光气与多元醇(优选二醇)反应而获得的含羟基聚碳酸酯。合适的所述二醇包括例如乙二醇、1,2-和1,3-丙二醇、1,3-和1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,8-辛二醇、新戊二醇、1,4-二羟基甲基环己烷、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、2,2,4-三甲基丙-1,3-二醇、双丙甘醇、聚丙二醇、二丁二醇、聚丁二醇、双酚A、四溴双酚A、以及内酯改性的二醇。所述二醇组分优选包含40-100重量%的己二醇,优选是1,6-己二醇和/或己二醇衍生物,优选其除了端OH基团之外还包含醚基或酯基,例如通过使1摩尔己二醇与至少1摩尔、优选1-2摩尔的己内酯反应而获得的产物,或者通过使己二醇自身醚化从而形成二己二醇或三己二醇。还可以使用聚醚-聚碳酸酯二醇。所述羟基聚碳酸酯应当基本是线形的。但是由于结合了多官能组分特别是低分子量多元醇,它们可以任选包含少量支化。适合于该目的的化合物的例子包括丙三醇、三羟甲基丙烷、己烷-1,2,6-三醇、丁烷-1,2,4-三醇、三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、对环己二醇、甘露醇、山梨糖醇、甲基糖苷或1,3,4,6-二失水己糖醇。
符合化合物II.b)定义的合适的聚醚多元醇是本质上在聚氨酯化学领域中已知的聚四亚甲基二醇聚醚,可以例如通过四氢呋喃的阳离子开环聚合制备。
合适的聚醚多元醇II.b)还有聚醚,例如使用起始分子从氧化苯乙烯、环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷、环氧丁烷或表氯醇制备的多元醇,优选是从环氧丙烷制备的多元醇。
组分II.a)在全部多元醇组分(II)(由II.a)和II.b)组成)中所占的比例为50-100重量%、优选为60-100重量%、更优选为75-100重量%。
一般说来,用于合成聚氨酯树脂的低分子量多元醇III)具有使聚合物链硬化和/或支化的作用。分子量优选为62-400。合适的多元醇III)可以包含脂族、脂环族或芳族基团。所述低分子量多元醇III)可以例如是每个分子中具有最多约20个碳原子的低分子量多元醇,例如乙二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、环己二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇、1,6-己二醇、新戊二醇、氢醌二羟乙基醚、双酚A(2,2-二(4-羟基苯基)丙烷)、氢化双酚A(2,2-二(4-羟基环己基)丙烷)、三羟甲基丙烷、丙三醇或季戊四醇、它们的混合物、任选的其他低分子量多元醇III)。还可以使用酯二醇,例如α-羟基丁基-ε-羟基己酸酯、ω-羟基己基-γ-羟基丁酸酯、己二酸β-羟基乙基酯或对苯二甲酸二(β-羟基乙基)酯。
可以类似地使用二胺或多胺以及酰肼作为低分子量多元醇III),例如乙二胺、1,2-和1,3-二氨基丙烷、1,4-二氨基丁烷、1,6-二氨基己烷、异佛尔酮二胺、2,2,4-和2,4,4-三甲基-1,6-己二胺的异构体混合物、2-甲基-1,5-戊二胺、二亚乙基三胺、1,3-和1,4-亚二甲苯基二胺、α,α,α’,α’-四甲基-1,3-和-1,4-亚二甲苯基二胺和4,4-二氨基二环己基甲烷、二甲基乙二胺、肼或己二酰肼。
原则上还适合作为低分子量多元醇III)的化合物包含对NCO基团具有不同反应性的活性氢,例如除了伯氨基之外还包含仲氨基的化合物,或者除了氨基(伯或仲)之外还包含OH基团的化合物。这些化合物的例子是例如3-氨基-1-甲基氨基丙烷、3-氨基-1-乙基氨基丙烷、3-氨基-1-环己基氨基丙烷、3-氨基-1-甲基氨基-丁烷之类的伯/仲胺,以及烷醇胺例如N-氨基乙基乙醇胺、乙醇胺、3-氨基丙醇、新戊醇胺,优选二乙醇胺。在制备本发明的PUR分散体时,可以使用它们作为增链剂和/或链终止剂。
本发明的PUR分散体还可以任选包含在各情况下位于链的末端并且封闭所述末端的单元IV)。这些单元一方面衍生自对NCO基团具有反应性的单官能化合物,例如单胺、特别是单仲胺,或者单醇。所述单官能化合物可以是例如乙醇、正丁醇、乙二醇单丁基醚、2-乙基己醇、1-辛醇、1-十二烷醇、1-十六烷醇、甲胺、乙胺、丙胺、丁胺、辛胺、月桂胺、硬脂胺、异壬氧基丙胺、二甲胺、二乙胺、二丙胺、二丁胺、N-甲基-氨基丙胺、二乙基(甲基)氨基丙胺、吗啉、哌啶、和/或它们的适当取代的衍生物、由二伯胺和单羧酸形成的酰胺胺、二伯胺的单酮亚胺(monoketime)、伯胺/叔胺、例如N,N-二甲基氨基-丙胺等。
离子性或潜离子性的亲水化化合物V)是指具有以下性质的所有化合物:包含至少一个异氰酸酯-反应性基团以及至少一个例如为-COOY、-SO3Y、-PO(OY)2(Y例如为H、NH4 +、金属阳离子)、-NR2、-NR3 +(R为H、烷基、芳基)的官能度,与水性介质互相作用达到依赖于pH值的解离平衡,从而可以携带负性、正性或中性电荷。优选的异氰酸酯-反应性基团是羟基或氨基。
符合组分V)定义的合适的离子性或潜离子性亲水化化合物是例如:单-和二-羟基羧酸、单-和二-氨基羧酸、单-和二-羟基磺酸、单-和二-氨基磺酸、单-和二-羟基膦酸、单-和二-氨基膦酸、以及它们的盐,例如二羟甲基丙酸、二羟甲基丁酸、羟基新戊酸、N-(2-氨基乙基)-β-丙氨酸、2-(2-氨基乙基氨基)乙磺酸、乙二胺-丙基-或-丁基磺酸、1,2-或1,3-丙二胺-β-乙磺酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、乙醇酸、乳酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、牛磺酸、赖氨酸、3,5-二氨基苯甲酸、IPDI与丙烯酸的加合物(EP-A 0 916 647,实施例1)及其碱金属和/或铵盐;例如DE-A2 446 440(第5-9页,通式I-III)中所述的亚硫酸氢钠与丁-2-烯-1,4-二醇的加合物、聚醚磺酸盐、2-丁烯二醇和NaHSO3的丙氧基化加合物,以及含有可以转化成阳离子性基团的单元(例如基于胺的单元)的化合物例如N-甲基二乙醇胺作为亲水性合成组分。还可以使用环己基氨基丙磺酸(CAPS)(例如在WO-A01/88006)作为符合组分V)的定义的化合物。
优选的离子性或潜离子性化合物V)是具有羧基或羧酸根和/或磺酸根和/或铵根的化合物。特别优选的离子性化合物V)是包含羧基和/或磺酸根作为离子性或潜离子性基团的化合物,例如N-(2-氨基乙基)-β-丙氨酸的盐、2-(2-氨基乙基氨基)乙磺酸的盐或IPDI和丙烯酸的加合物(EP-A 0 916 647,实施例1)的盐、以及二羟甲基丙酸的盐。
符合组分VI)定义的合适的非离子性亲水化化合物是例如包含至少一个羟基或氨基的聚氧化烯醚。这些聚醚包含30-100重量%的衍生自环氧乙烷的单元。
非离子性的亲水化化合物VI)还可以是例如每个分子中平均包含5-70个、优选7-55个环氧乙烷单元的单官能聚环氧烷聚醚醇,例如采用本质上已知的方式、通过对合适的起始分子进行烷氧基化而获得的化合物。
合适的起始分子的例子包括:饱和单醇,例如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、仲丁醇、戊醇异构体、己醇异构体、辛醇异构体、壬醇异构体、正癸醇、正十二烷醇、正十四烷醇、正十六烷醇、正十八烷醇、环己醇、同分异构的甲基环己醇或羟甲基环己烷、3-乙基-3-羟甲基氧杂环丁烷或四氢糠醇;二甘醇单烷基醚,例如二甘醇单丁基醚;例如,不饱和醇,例如烯丙醇、1,1-二甲基烯丙醇或油醇;芳香醇,例如苯酚、同分异构的甲酚或甲氧基苯酚;芳脂族醇,例如苯甲醇、茴香醇或肉桂醇;仲单胺,例如二甲胺、二乙胺、二丙胺、二异丙胺、二丁胺、二(2-乙基-己基)胺、N-甲基-和N-乙基环己胺或二环己胺;杂环仲胺,例如吗啉、吡咯烷、哌啶或1H-吡唑。优选的起始分子是饱和单醇。特别优选使用二甘醇单丁醚作为起始分子。
适用于烷氧基化反应的环氧烷具体是环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷,它们可以按照任意的顺序、或者以混合物的形式用于烷氧基化反应中。
聚环氧烷聚醚醇可以是纯聚环氧乙烷聚醚,也可以是其中至少30摩尔%、优选至少40摩尔%的环氧烷单元由环氧乙烷组成的混合聚环氧烷聚醚。优选的非离子性化合物是其中包含至少40摩尔%的环氧乙烷单元和不超过60摩尔%的环氧丙烷单元的单官能混合聚环氧烷聚醚。
制备本发明水性PUR分散体的过程可以在均相中以一个或多个阶段进行,或者在多阶段反应的情况下,部分地在分散相中进行。I)-VI)的加聚反应之后,进行完全或部分地分散、乳化或溶解步骤。然后,任选在分散相中进一步进行加聚或改性反应。
要制备本发明的水性PUR分散体,可以使用本领域中已知的所有方法,例如预聚物混合法、丙酮法或熔体分散法。优选通过丙酮法制备本发明的PUR分散体。
本发明还提供了一种制备本发明水性聚氨酯-聚脲分散体的方法,其特征在于,使组分(I)-(VI)反应,首先制得没有脲基的异氰酸酯官能预聚物,异氰酸酯基与异氰酸酯-反应性基团的摩尔比是1.0-3.5、优选为1.2-3.0、更优选为1.3-2.5,每100克固体树脂,离子性或潜离子性基团的量为0.1-50毫当量;随后在分散之前、分散过程中、或者(在水中)分散之后,对剩余的异氰酸酯基团进行氨基官能增链反应或链终止反应,使用于增链的化合物的异氰酸酯-反应性基团与预聚物的游离异氰酸酯基的当量比为40-150%、优选为50-120%、更优选为60-120%。
本发明的PUR分散体通过丙酮法制备。为了加快异氰酸酯加成反应,可以使用聚氨酯化学中已知的催化剂。优选的是二月桂酸二丁基锡。
合适的溶剂是普通脂族、酮官能溶剂例如丙酮或丁酮,这些溶剂不仅可以在制备反应开始时添加,还可以任选随后成比例地添加。优选丙酮和丁酮。还可以类似地使用其他溶剂,例如二甲苯、甲苯、环己烷、乙酸丁酯、乙酸甲氧基丙酯、具有醚单元或酯单元的溶剂,在分散时可以完全或部分地蒸馏除去,或者可以全部保留。
聚氨酯预聚物的制备可同时伴随进行阴离子性和/或阳离子性分散基团部分或全部形成盐的反应,或者随后再进行此反应,如果该反应在起始分子中还没有进行的话。对于阴离子性基团的情况,可以为了这个目的使用叔胺之类的碱,例如每个烷基中含有1-12个、优选1-6个碳原子的三烷基胺。这些碱的例子是三甲胺、三乙胺、甲基二乙胺、三丙胺、N-甲基吗啉、甲基二异丙胺、乙基二异丙胺和二异丙基乙胺。所述烷基基团中还可以例如带有羟基,例如二烷基单烷醇胺、烷基二烷醇胺和三烷醇胺。还可以任选使用无机碱作为中和剂,例如氢氧化铵或氢氧化钠和/或氢氧化钾。优选的是三乙胺、三乙醇胺、二甲基乙醇胺或二异丙基乙胺。
使碱的摩尔量是阴离子性基团的摩尔量的50-125%、优选70-100%。对于阳离子性基团的情况,使用硫酸二甲酯或琥珀酸。中和反应也可以与分散步骤同时发生,这时,分散用的水中已经包含有中和剂。
如果制得的预聚物还没有溶解、或者只是部分地溶解,则可以随后在进一步的处理步骤中使用丙酮或丁酮之类的脂族酮进行溶解。
随后,可以是NH2-官能和/或是NH-官能组分与剩余的异氰酸酯基团反应。该增链/链终止反应可以在分散之前、分散过程中或者(在水中)分散之后,在溶剂中进行。优选在分散在水中之前进行增链反应。
使用符合V)定义的、具有NH2基团或NH基团的化合物进行增链反应时,优选在分散操作之前对预聚物进行增链反应。
在链增长之后,由预聚物制备PUR分散体。为了达到这个目的,在强烈剪切条件(例如剧烈搅拌)下将溶解并且发生了链增长的聚氨酯聚合物引入分散用的水中,或者相反,在搅拌条件下将分散用的水引入预聚物溶液中。优选将水引入溶解的预聚物中。
随后一般通过蒸馏除去分散步骤之后仍然存在于分散体中的溶剂。还可以在分散的过程中除去这些溶剂。
PUR分散体的固体含量为20-70重量%、优选为30-65重量%。
本发明的PUR分散体可以包含抗氧化剂和/或光稳定剂和/或其他辅助剂和添加剂,例如乳化剂、消泡剂、增稠剂。还可以存在填料、增塑剂、颜料、碳黑溶胶和硅胶、铝分散体、粘土分散体和石棉分散体、流动控制剂或触变剂。根据本发明PUR分散体的需要性质和预期用途,最终产品中可以含有占总干重最高为70%的这些填料。
本发明还提供了包含本发明聚氨酯-聚脲分散体的涂料。
将本发明的PUR分散体作为涂料使用时,可以单独使用或者与其他水性粘合剂剂组合使用。这类水性粘结剂可以由例如聚酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚环氧化物或聚氨酯聚合物组成。还可以与例如EP-A-0 753 531中所述的辐射固化粘结剂组合使用。可以类似地用其他阴离子性或非离子性分散体切割本发明的PU分散体,例如聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚丁二烯、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯酸酯和共聚物分散体。
本发明还提供了本发明的聚氨酯-聚脲分散体作为涂料来制备涂覆基材的用途。
本发明的聚氨酯-聚脲分散体适合于制备上胶体系或粘合剂体系。
合适基材的例子包括机织和无纺织物、皮革、纸张、硬纤维、稻草、纸张样材料、木材、玻璃、各种塑料、陶瓷、石材、混凝土、沥青、瓷器、金属或玻璃纤维。优选基材为织物、皮革、塑料、金属基材和玻璃或碳纤维,特别优选织物和皮革。
本发明的PUR分散体是稳定、可储存并且可运输的,可以在随后的任意时刻进行加工。本发明的PUR分散体可以在120-150℃的较低温度下、在2-3分钟内固化,形成具有极佳湿粘结强度的涂层。
根据选择的化学组成和氨基甲酸酯基团的含量,获得具有不同性质的涂层。因此,可以获得软而粘的涂层、各种硬度水平的热塑性和橡胶弹性的产物、直至玻璃硬度的热固性材料。所述产物的亲水性可以类似地在某些限度内波动。如果所述弹性产物还没有发生化学交联,则可以在例如100-180℃的较高温度下对该产物进行热塑性加工。
由于本发明的PUR分散体结合了极佳的可拉伸性和高抗张强度,所以其特别适合应用于织物涂覆和皮革涂覆领域。
实施例:
除非有另外的指示,否则,所有百分数都应理解为重量百分比。
使用的物质和缩写:
二氨基磺酸盐:NH2-CH2CH2-NH-CH2CH2-SO3Na(45%水溶液)
按照DIN EN ISO 3251确定固体含量。
除非另有说明,否则,按照DIN EN ISO 11909以体积确定NCO含量。
使用按照以下步骤制得的无衬膜(free film)确定PUR分散体的性质:
在覆膜机的后辊前方插入剥离纸(release paper),所述覆膜机由两个能够设定确切间隔距离的磨光辊组成。使用测隙规调节剥离纸和前辊之间的距离。该距离对应于所得涂层的膜厚度(湿态),可以对各涂层调节到需要的增加值。也可以分两个或更多个涂层连续地进行涂覆。
为了施涂各涂层,将产物(预先通过添加氨/聚丙烯酸,将水性制剂调节至4500mPa的粘度)倾注在剥离纸和前辊之间的辊隙上,垂直向下拉出剥离纸,在剥离纸上形成相应的膜。要施涂两个或更多个涂层时,使各涂层干燥并再次插入剥离纸。
按照DIN 53504,在超过100微米厚度的膜上确定100%伸长时的模量。
通过激光关联光谱法(仪器:Malvern Zetasizer 1000,马温仪器公司(MalvernInstr.Limited))确定PUR分散体的平均粒度(数均值)。
实施例1:对比例
将350.0克基于己二酸和1,6-己二醇的二官能聚酯多元醇(平均分子量为1700克/摩尔,OHN=约66毫克KOH/克固体)加热至65℃。随后在65℃、5分钟之内,加入60.1克1,6-己二异氰酸酯,在100℃搅拌该混合物,直到理论NCO值达到3.2%。在50℃用729.1克丙酮溶解制得的预聚物,随后在5分钟内计量加入3.5克乙二胺、22.6克二氨基磺酸盐和110.3克水组成的溶液。随后搅拌15分钟。然后在10分钟内通过加入513.0克水分散该产物。随后真空蒸馏除去溶剂,形成储存稳定的PUR分散体,其固体含量为40.1%,粒度为169纳米。
实施例2:本发明实施例
将350.0克基于己二酸与单乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇和二甘醇的二官能聚酯多元醇(OH组分的重量比为27/40/33,平均分子量为2000克/摩尔,OHN=约56)加热至65℃。随后在65℃、在5分钟之内,加入52.6克1,6-己二异氰酸酯,在100℃搅拌该混合物直到理论NCO值达到2.9%。在50℃用486.5克丙酮溶解制得的预聚物,随后在5分钟之内计量加入3.0克乙二胺、19.8克二氨基磺酸盐和78.8克水组成的溶液。随后搅拌15分钟。然后,在10分钟之内通过加入532.2克水分散该产物。随后真空蒸馏除去溶剂,形成储存稳定的PUR分散体,其固体含量为40.0%,粒度为171纳米。
实施例3:本发明实施例
将350.0克基于己二酸、邻苯二甲酸酐(重量比为1/1)和单乙二醇的二官能聚酯多元醇(平均分子量为1750克/摩尔,OHN=66)加热至65℃。随后在65℃、在5分钟之内加入60.1克1,6-己二异氰酸酯,在100℃搅拌该混合物直到理论NCO值达到3.2%。在50℃用729.1克丙酮溶解制得的预聚物,随后在5分钟之内计量加入3.5克乙二胺、22.6克二氨基磺酸盐和110.3克水组成的溶液。然后搅拌15分钟。然后,在10分钟之内通过加入513.0克水分散该产物。随后真空蒸馏除去溶剂,形成储存稳定的PUR分散体,其固体含量为40.0%,粒度为187纳米。
实施例4:本发明实施例
将306.3克基于己二酸与单乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇和二甘醇的二官能聚酯多元醇(OH组分的重量比为27/40/33,平均分子量为2000克/摩尔,OHN=56)以及43.8克二官能C2聚醚(平均分子量为2000克/摩尔,OHN=56)加热至65℃。随后在65℃、在5分钟之内加入52.6克1,6-己二异氰酸酯,在100℃搅拌该混合物直到理论NCO值达到2.9%。在50℃用715.8克丙酮溶解制得的预聚物,随后在5分钟之内计量加入3.0克乙二胺、19.8克二氨基磺酸盐和76.6克水组成的溶液。然后搅拌15分钟。随后在10分钟之内,通过添加734.3克水分散该产物。随后真空蒸馏除去溶剂,形成储存稳定的PUR分散体,其固体含量为30.0%,粒度为179纳米。
实施例5:对比例,n=1和2(21重量%的单乙二醇,24重量%的二甘醇)
将350.0克基于己二酸与单乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇和二甘醇的二官能聚酯多元醇(OH组分的重量比为21/55/24,平均分子量为2000克/摩尔,OHN=约56)加热至65℃。随后在65℃、在5分钟之内加入52.6克1,6-己二异氰酸酯,在100℃搅拌该混合物直到理论NCO值达到2.9%。在50℃用486.5克丙酮溶解制得的预聚物,随后在5分钟之内计量加入3.0克乙二胺、19.8克二氨基磺酸盐和78.8克水组成的溶液。然后搅拌15分钟。然后,在10分钟之内通过加入532.2克水分散该产物。随后真空蒸馏除去溶剂,形成储存稳定的PUR分散体,其固体含量为39.7%,粒度为195纳米。
实施例6:对比例:n=3
将350.0克基于己二酸与1,4-丁二醇和三甘醇的二官能聚酯多元醇(OH组分的重量比为50/50,平均分子量为2000克/摩尔,OHN=约56)加热至65℃。随后在65℃、5分钟之内加入52.6克1,6-己二异氰酸酯,在100℃搅拌该混合物直到理论NCO值达到2.9%。在50℃用486.5克丙酮溶解制得的预聚物,随后在5分钟之内计量加入3.0克乙二胺、19.8克二氨基磺酸盐和78.8克水组成的溶液。然后搅拌15分钟。然后在10分钟之内,通过加入532.2克水分散该产物。随后真空蒸馏除去溶剂,形成储存稳定的PUR分散体,其固体含量为40.7%,粒度为227纳米。
实施例7:对比例n=4
将350.0克基于己二酸与1,4-丁二醇和四甘醇的二官能聚酯多元醇(OH组分的重量比为25/75,平均分子量为2000克/摩尔,OHN=约56)加热至65℃。随后在65℃、在5分钟之内,加入52.6克1,6-己二异氰酸酯,在100℃搅拌该混合物直到理论NCO值达到2.9%。在50℃用486.5克丙酮溶解制得的预聚物,随后在5分钟之内计量加入3.0克乙二胺、19.8克二氨基磺酸盐和78.8克水组成的溶液。然后搅拌15分钟。然后在10分钟之内,通过加入532.2克水分散该产物。随后真空蒸馏除去溶剂,形成储存稳定的PUR分散体,其固体含量为38.9%,粒度为158纳米。
实施例8:对比例:IIa)/IIb)=45/55
将157.5克基于己二酸、邻苯二甲酸酐(重量比为1.1)和单乙二醇的二官能聚酯多元醇(平均分子量为1750克/摩尔,OHN=66)以及192.5克基于己二酸和己二醇的二官能聚酯多元醇(平均分子量为1700克/摩尔,OHN=约66毫克KOH/克固体)加热至65℃。随后在65℃、在5分钟之内,加入60.1克1,6-己二异氰酸酯,在100℃搅拌该混合物直到理论NCO值达到3.2%。在50℃用729.1克丙酮溶解制得的预聚物,随后在5分钟之内计量加入3.5克乙二胺、22.6克二氨基磺酸盐和110.3克水组成的溶液。然后搅拌15分钟。然后在10分钟之内,通过加入513.0克水分散该产物。随后真空蒸馏除去溶剂,形成储存稳定的PUR分散体,其固体含量为39.4%,粒度为258纳米。
表1:机械性质
实施例 | 100%模量(兆帕) | 抗张强度(兆帕) | 断裂伸长(%) |
1(对比例) | 2.0 | 20.0 | 980 |
2(本发明实施例) | 1.6 | 24.6 | 1840 |
3(本发明实施例) | 1.7 | 20.7 | 1740 |
4(本发明实施例) | 3.0 | 37.2 | 1470 |
5(对比例) | 2.5 | 19.2 | 910 |
6(对比例) | 2.1 | 24.9 | 840 |
7(对比例) | 1.9 | 18.0 | 950 |
8(对比例) | 2.4 | 26.8 | 1020 |
显然如表1中所示,与现有技术的涂层相比,由本发明的PUR分散体制得的涂层表现出相当的硬度和抗张强度,但是可拉伸性明显更高。
Claims (12)
3.如权利要求1所述的水性聚氨酯-聚脲分散体,其特征在于,所述聚酯II.a)包含1,4-丁二醇和/或1,6-己二醇作为合成组分。
4.如权利要求1所述的水性聚氨酯-聚脲分散体,其特征在于,所述聚酯包含己二酸和/或邻苯二甲酸作为酸组分II.a)。
5.如权利要求1所述的水性聚氨酯-聚脲分散体,其特征在于,所述聚酯包含己二酸和/或邻苯二甲酸作为酸组分II.a),并且包含1,4-丁二醇和/或1,6-己二醇作为二醇组分。
6.如权利要求2所述的水性聚氨酯-聚脲分散体,其特征在于,所述聚酯包含己二酸和/或邻苯二甲酸作为酸组分II.a)。
7.如权利要求1所述的水性聚氨酯-聚脲分散体,其特征在于,所述多元醇(II)包含选自聚酯、含羟基聚碳酸酯或聚醚的其他多元醇组分II.b)。
8.如权利要求1所述的水性聚氨酯-聚脲分散体,其特征在于,在由II.a)和II.b)组成的全部多元醇组分(II)中,组分II.a)所占的比例为50-100重量%。
9.制备如权利要求1所述的水性聚氨酯-聚脲分散体的方法,其特征在于,使组分(I)-(VI)反应,首先制备没有脲基的异氰酸酯官能预聚物,异氰酸酯基与异氰酸酯-反应性基团的摩尔比为1.0-3.5,离子性或潜离子性基团的量为每100克固体树脂0.1-50毫当量;随后在进行分散之前、分散过程中或在水中进行分散之后,对剩余的异氰酸酯基进行氨基官能增链反应或链终止反应,用于增链的化合物的异氰酸酯-反应性基团与预聚物的游离异氰酸酯基的当量比为40%-150%。
-10.包含如权利要求1所述的聚氨酯-聚脲分散体的涂料。
11.如权利要求1所述的聚氨酯-聚脲分散体作为涂料用于生产涂覆基材的用途。
12.如权利要求11所述的聚氨酯-聚脲分散体的用途,其特征在于,所述基材为织物或皮革。
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US (1) | US20070049684A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1920017A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2009506142A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20080049761A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101248148A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102005040130A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2007022885A1 (zh) |
Cited By (5)
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CN101407572B (zh) * | 2008-11-14 | 2011-07-20 | 上海维凯化学品有限公司 | 一种聚氨酯-聚脲水分散体及其制备方法 |
CN102971351A (zh) * | 2010-04-14 | 2013-03-13 | 拜耳知识产权有限责任公司 | 含水聚氨酯-聚脲分散体 |
CN103649147A (zh) * | 2011-07-15 | 2014-03-19 | 拜耳知识产权有限责任公司 | 包含含枝状多元醇的聚酯-聚氨酯树脂的水性树脂组合物 |
CN111349380A (zh) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-06-30 | 河北宇阳泽丽防水材料有限公司 | 一种芳香族单组分聚脲涂料及其制备方法 |
CN111958746A (zh) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-20 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种聚氨酯脲分散体、胶黏剂组合料及其在零醛添加超薄高密度纤维板制备中的应用 |
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EP2177551A1 (de) * | 2008-10-15 | 2010-04-21 | Bayer MaterialScience AG | Wässrige Polyurethan-Polyharnstoff-Dispersionen |
BRPI0914431A2 (pt) * | 2008-10-17 | 2015-10-27 | Invista Technologies Srl | composição, película vazada e seca produzida a partir de uma composição e método para a redução do amarelamento em uma pelicula |
KR101728568B1 (ko) | 2009-06-10 | 2017-04-19 | 코베스트로 도이칠란드 아게 | 폴리(thf)-기재 폴리우레탄 분산액 |
FR2970028B1 (fr) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-12-28 | Vallourec Mannesmann Oil & Gas | Procede de revetement d'un composant tubulaire filete, composant filete et joint resultant |
TWI555800B (zh) * | 2011-04-04 | 2016-11-01 | 拜耳材料科學股份有限公司 | 聚胺基甲酸酯脲分散體 |
ITMI20111557A1 (it) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-03-01 | Tecnoelastomeri S R L | Poliuretani e poliuretani-uree aventi migliorate proprieta' |
CN103946256B (zh) | 2011-10-14 | 2016-06-08 | 拜耳知识产权有限责任公司 | 冷接触胶粘剂 |
CN104520394B (zh) | 2012-06-15 | 2016-10-26 | 3M创新有限公司 | 可固化的形成聚脲的组合物、制备方法以及复合制品 |
HUE063105T2 (hu) * | 2017-12-07 | 2024-01-28 | Lubrizol Advanced Mat Inc | Nagy vízpára-áteresztésû és alacsony vízfelvételû, hõre lágyuló poliuretánok |
JP7509693B2 (ja) * | 2018-01-23 | 2024-07-02 | ステパン カンパニー | 低vocポリウレタン用途のためのポリオール |
CN112574377A (zh) | 2019-09-30 | 2021-03-30 | 科思创德国股份有限公司 | 水性聚氨酯分散体 |
CN114409864B (zh) * | 2020-10-28 | 2023-12-19 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 聚氨酯或聚氨酯-脲的水分散体及其制备方法和用途 |
Family Cites Families (8)
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US4108814A (en) * | 1974-09-28 | 1978-08-22 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Aqueous polyurethane dispersions from solvent-free prepolymers using sulfonate diols |
DE19517185A1 (de) * | 1995-05-11 | 1996-11-14 | Bayer Ag | Biologisch abbaubare und kompostierbare Formkörper einschließlich Flächengebilden |
US5616400A (en) * | 1995-11-20 | 1997-04-01 | Century International Adhesives & Coating Corporation | Cold seal adhesives, cold sealable films and packages formed therewith |
DE19824484A1 (de) * | 1998-06-02 | 1999-12-09 | Bayer Ag | Festkörperreiche Polyurethandispersionen mit hoher Applikationssicherheit |
JP4324296B2 (ja) * | 1999-02-26 | 2009-09-02 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | プレス成形性、耐かじり性に優れたアルカリ可溶型潤滑皮膜を形成可能な塗料組成物およびこの組成物を使用した潤滑表面処理金属製品 |
DE10024624A1 (de) * | 2000-05-18 | 2001-11-22 | Bayer Ag | Modifizierte Polyisocyanate |
DE10122444A1 (de) * | 2001-05-09 | 2002-11-14 | Bayer Ag | Polyurethan-Polyharnstoff Dispersionen als Beschichtungsmittel |
DE102004060139A1 (de) * | 2004-12-13 | 2006-06-29 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Festkörperreiche Polyurethanpolyharnstoff-Dispersionen |
-
2005
- 2005-08-25 DE DE200510040130 patent/DE102005040130A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-07-28 US US11/495,394 patent/US20070049684A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-08-11 CN CNA2006800310251A patent/CN101248148A/zh active Pending
- 2006-08-11 WO PCT/EP2006/007960 patent/WO2007022885A1/de active Application Filing
- 2006-08-11 EP EP06776779A patent/EP1920017A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-08-11 KR KR1020087007084A patent/KR20080049761A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-08-11 JP JP2008527341A patent/JP2009506142A/ja active Pending
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101407572B (zh) * | 2008-11-14 | 2011-07-20 | 上海维凯化学品有限公司 | 一种聚氨酯-聚脲水分散体及其制备方法 |
CN102971351A (zh) * | 2010-04-14 | 2013-03-13 | 拜耳知识产权有限责任公司 | 含水聚氨酯-聚脲分散体 |
CN102971351B (zh) * | 2010-04-14 | 2014-12-17 | 拜耳知识产权有限责任公司 | 含水聚氨酯-聚脲分散体 |
CN103649147A (zh) * | 2011-07-15 | 2014-03-19 | 拜耳知识产权有限责任公司 | 包含含枝状多元醇的聚酯-聚氨酯树脂的水性树脂组合物 |
CN111349380A (zh) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-06-30 | 河北宇阳泽丽防水材料有限公司 | 一种芳香族单组分聚脲涂料及其制备方法 |
CN111958746A (zh) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-20 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种聚氨酯脲分散体、胶黏剂组合料及其在零醛添加超薄高密度纤维板制备中的应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2009506142A (ja) | 2009-02-12 |
EP1920017A1 (de) | 2008-05-14 |
WO2007022885A1 (de) | 2007-03-01 |
US20070049684A1 (en) | 2007-03-01 |
KR20080049761A (ko) | 2008-06-04 |
DE102005040130A1 (de) | 2007-03-01 |
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