CN101203192A - 可调节人工晶状体组件及其分离元件 - Google Patents
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- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses or corneal implants; Artificial eyes
- A61F2/16—Intraocular lenses
- A61F2/1613—Intraocular lenses having special lens configurations, e.g. multipart lenses; having particular optical properties, e.g. pseudo-accommodative lenses, lenses having aberration corrections, diffractive lenses, lenses for variably absorbing electromagnetic radiation, lenses having variable focus
- A61F2/1624—Intraocular lenses having special lens configurations, e.g. multipart lenses; having particular optical properties, e.g. pseudo-accommodative lenses, lenses having aberration corrections, diffractive lenses, lenses for variably absorbing electromagnetic radiation, lenses having variable focus having adjustable focus; power activated variable focus means, e.g. mechanically or electrically by the ciliary muscle or from the outside
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/1629—Intraocular lenses having special lens configurations, e.g. multipart lenses; having particular optical properties, e.g. pseudo-accommodative lenses, lenses having aberration corrections, diffractive lenses, lenses for variably absorbing electromagnetic radiation, lenses having variable focus having adjustable focus; power activated variable focus means, e.g. mechanically or electrically by the ciliary muscle or from the outside for changing longitudinal position, i.e. along the visual axis when implanted
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2210/00—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2210/0014—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
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- A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
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- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
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Abstract
能够实现AIOL(33)的相对于固定定位点沿着人眼视轴的处于原位的选择性位移的可调节人工晶状体(AIOL)组件。轴位移可以覆盖连续的范围或者可选地是典型的间隔大约100μm到300μm的分离地停止位置。新颖的AIOL被设计为至少局部可折叠,以便于通过相对较小的切口植入人眼。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可调节人工晶状体组件。
背景技术
共同拥有的PCT国际申请号PCT/IL02/00693,于2003年2月27日公布的PCT国际公布号WO03/015669的标题为“可调节晶状体组件”的PCT国际申请说明并描述了可调节人工晶状体(accommodating intraocular lens)组件(下文称为AIOL),其内容通过引用结合于本申请中。该AIOL组件包括适于牢固地固定在人眼睫状环(annular ciliary)沟的固定人工晶状体系统(hapticssystem),其固定于至少两个空间上分开的固定的定位点,从而可作为可连续改变的屈光强度的AIOL的参考平面,其受作为从后面的方向的抵抗并在类括约肌睫状体的控制下的眼囊隔膜影响从尾部方向抵靠其的。该固定眼内镜片系统(haptics systems)包括设置有用于滑动伸展的伸缩式触觉构件的硬质平坦的触觉板。该触觉平板和触觉构件最好如PCT国际申请No.PCT/IL02/00128,于2002年8月29日公布的PCT国际公布号No.WO02/065951的标题为“人工晶状体”的PCT国际申请列举和描述的是可自锚定的,其内容通过引用结合于本申请中。
共同拥有的PCT国际申请No.PCT/IL2005/000456,于2005年11月10日公布的PCT国际公布号No.WO2005/104994的标题为“可调人工节晶状体组件和调节测量植入体”的PCT国际申请说明并描述了AIOL组件,该AIOL组件使得处于原位的之前的植入物手动地使AIOL相对于至少两个空间分离的固定的定位点可选地沿着人眼视轴位移到希望的位置,以确保AIOL在人眼处于收缩的睫状体状态下呈现非压缩的状态。这样的处于原位的手动的可选择性位移可以使之前的植入物达到纠正眼囊收缩的效果,眼囊收缩是人眼天然晶状体的内含物取出几个月后发展的自然反应,并且同样是在最小的临床干预下改变视力的课题。这样的处于原位的手动的可选择性位移可以这样实现:首先,分离的固定人工晶状体系统,用于保持相对于其可手动地移动的AIOL。第二,具有至少两个固定人工晶状体机构的固定人工晶状体系统,固定人工晶状体机构具有能够承受用于一体形成的AIOL的处于原位的手动位移的塑性变形的辐射敏感区域。
共同拥有的PCT国际申请号PCT/IL2005/001069,标题为“可调节人工晶状体(AIOL)和包含该晶状体的可调节人工晶状体组件”的PCT国际申请说明并描述了一种AIOL,包含用于使可弹性变形的形状记忆盘状光学元件产生弹性变形的偏压(biasing)机构,以提供给该AIOL天然的正屈光强度以适合近视觉。该AIOL要被植入人眼,这样其睫状体的张驰使其眼囊隔膜施加用于克服偏压机构的外部力,以降低AIOL的用于远视觉的天然正屈光强度。
其他的AIOL在授予特纳(Tennant)号码为No.4,254,509的美国专利,授予利维(Levy)号码为No.4,409,691的美国专利,授予合恩(Horn)等人号码为No.4,888,012的美国专利,授予特里(Turley)号码为No.4,892,543的美国专利,授予克里斯特(Christie)等人号码为4,932,966的美国专利,授予卡明(Cumming)号码为No.5,476,514的美国专利,授予斯克顿(Skottun)号码为No.5,489,302的美国专利,授予卡明(Cumming)号码为No.5,496,366的美国专利,授予克拉斯(Klaas)号码为No.5,522,891的美国专利,授予卡明(Cumming)号码为No.5,674,282的美国专利,授予斯克顿(Skottun)号码为No.6,117,171的美国专利,授予卡明(Cumming)号码为No.6,197,059的美国专利,授予伍兹(Woods)号码为No.6,299,641的美国专利,授予卡明(Cumming)号码为No.6,342,073的美国专利,授予卡明(Cumming)号码为No.6,387,126的美国专利,授予拉格特(Laguette)等人号码为No.6,406,494的美国专利,授予沙法拉兹(Sarfarazi)号码为No.6,423,094的美国专利,授予伍兹(Woods)号码为No.6,443,985的美国专利,授予斯克顿(Skottun)号码为No.6,464,725的美国专利,授予卡明(Cumming)号码为No.6,494,911的美国专利,授予朗(Lang)等人号码为No.6,503,276的美国专利,授予卡明(Cumming)号码为No.6,638,306的美国专利,授予布鲁斯勒(Preussner)号码为No.6,645,245的美国专利,和依斯克(Esch)公开号为No.US2004/0169816的美国专利申请以及EP1321112中被说明并描述。
发明内容
本发明的一个方面涉及可调节的人工晶状体(AIOL)组件,每个包括至少一个形状记忆光学元件,其可弹性伸缩地在具有第一屈光强度的非压缩形状和具有不同于第一屈光强度的第二屈光强度的压缩形状之间进行形变,这样AIOL具有在适合远视觉目的的最小屈光强度和适合近视觉目的的最大屈光强度之间的连续变化的屈光强度。该AIOL组件植入后在用于AIOL沿人眼视轴相对于固定的定位点进行处于原位的手动的可选位移,以使得AIOL精确布置,以使人眼囊隔膜在其收缩的睫状体位置和舒张的睫状体位置之间的反向运动带来完全的好处。轴向位移可能以与前述的WO2005/104994类似的方式遍及连续的范围,或者可选的处于不连续的间隔为从大约100μm到大约300μm的停止位置。步进式轴向位移较好地能由被称为“推扭”的卡口结构实现,其与具有单一停止位置的常规灯泡的装配方式相似。包括固定人工晶状体系统的每个AIOL组件同样适合在人眼中自固定植入固定屈光强度的人工晶状体,该固定屈光强度的人工晶状体与具有可变屈光强度的可调节人工晶状体正好相反。
本发明的另一方面涉及AIOL,其使自身在例如镊子等常规外科手术工具施加的适当的力作用下至少部分折叠,从而更容易地通过相对更小的创伤插入人眼。该AIOL可设置成作为用于与分离地固定人工晶状体系统配合使用的分离部件,以实现前述的处于原位的轴向位移。分离的AIOL设置有两个或者多个在前侧可插入的操作孔,以接受手持的操作工具的尖端,以实现处于原位的操作。该操作孔可采用圆周布置的操作环,操作盲孔等类似形式。可选地,AIOL可以是与包括至少两个细长的固定人工晶状体机构一体成形的固定人工晶状体系统,该固定人工晶状体机构具有能够承受塑料形变以实现前述的处于原位的轴向位移的辐射感应区域。
附图说明
为了理解本发明并认识到怎样在实践中实现本发明,接下来通过对非限制性实例并参考附图的方式对优选实施例进行描述,图中相似的部分使用相同标号,其中:
图1是人眼处于自然近视状态下人眼前部沿人体轴平面的剖视图;
图2是人眼处于自然远视状态下人眼前部沿人体轴平面的剖视图;
图3是可拆卸的“推扭”AIOL组件的示意图,该AIOL组件包括分离的固定人工晶状体系统和具有扁平球形外壳的形状记忆光学元件的分离AIOL;
图4是如图3所示的固定人工晶状体系统的分叉的附接板的放大前视图;
图5是如图3所示的固定人工晶状体系统的步进轨道的示意图;
图6是图3所示AIOL由镊子折叠以通过小切口插入人眼的示意图;
图7是包括与图3所示AIOL一体成形的固定人工晶状体系统的整体的AIOL组件的示意图;
图8是图3的AIOL在其非压缩状态下沿图3中的B-B线的纵向剖视图;
图9是图3的AIOL在其压缩状态下沿图3中的B-B线的纵向剖视图;
图10是图3的AIOL组件在组装前的侧视图;
图11是图3的AIOL组件在其最后端的轴向停止位置的侧视图;
图12是图3的AIOL组件在其中间的轴向停止位置的侧视图;
图13是图3的AIOL组件在其最前端的轴向停止位置的侧视图;
图14是沿人眼视轴在初始位置植入图3所示的AIOL的人眼前部沿人体轴平面的剖视图;
图15是沿人眼视轴在后续位置植入图3所示的AIOL以补偿囊隔膜收缩的人眼前部沿人体轴平面的剖视图;
图16是包括分离的固定人工晶状体系统和分离的双重类波纹管AIOL的可拆卸的“推扭”AIOL组件的示意图;
图17是包括与图16的双重类波纹管AIOL一体成形的固定人工晶状体系统的整体AIOL组件的示意图;
图18是图16的双重类波纹管AIOL在其非压缩状态的纵向剖视图;
图19是图16的双重类波纹管AIOL在其压缩状态的纵向剖视图;
图20是植入图16的AIOL组件的人眼前部在其收缩睫状体状态下沿人体轴平面的剖视图;
图21是植入图16的AIOL组件的人眼前部在其舒张睫状体状态下沿人体轴平面的剖视图;
图22是另一个在适用于稳定的固定在人眼睫状沟的固定人工晶状体系统中使用的分离AIOL的分解视图;
图23是图22的AIOL在其非压缩状态的纵向剖视图;
图24是图22的AIOL在其压缩状态的纵向剖视图;
图25是另一个在适用于稳定的固定在人眼睫状沟的固定人工晶状体系统中使用的分离AIOL在其非压缩状态的侧视图;
图26是图25的AIOL在其压缩状态的侧视图;
图27是图25的AIOL在其非压缩状态的剖视图;
图28是图25的AIOL在其压缩状态的剖视图;
图29是另一个在适用于稳定的固定在人眼睫状沟的固定人工晶状体系统中使用的分离AIOL在其非压缩状态的纵向剖视图;
图30是图29的AIOL在其压缩状态的纵向剖视图;
图31是另一个在适用于稳定的固定在人眼睫状沟的固定人工晶状体系统中使用的分离AIOL在其非压缩状态的纵向剖视图;
图32是另一个在适用于稳定的固定在人眼睫状沟的固定人工晶状体系统中使用的分离AIOL在其非压缩状态的纵向剖视图;
图33是根据另一种“推扭”卡口结构的可拆卸的“推扭”AIOL组件的示意图;
图34是根据另一种“推扭”卡口结构的可拆卸的“推扭”AIOL组件的示意图;
图35是具有可拆卸螺纹结构以使得AIOL沿人眼视轴的处于原位的选择性轴向位移的可拆卸的AIOL组件的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1和图2分别是在人体轴平面中在天然的近视和远视情况下具有视轴VA的人眼10前部的剖视图。人眼10具有角膜11,其周围在环状的巩膜-角膜接合点连接到由称为巩膜12的韧性结缔组织构成的球形外体上。虹膜14从其处于巩膜-角膜结合点13的根部16向内延伸入人眼10,将人眼前部划分为前房17和后房18。类括约肌的外周结构(称为睫状体)19包括由副交感神经激活的容纳睫状肌的睫状突(ciliary processes housing ciliary muscles)21。睫状肌21连接到小带纤维22上,小带纤维22依次地被外周连接到称为囊袋23的膜的中纬线边缘,前囊24和后囊26包裹着天然晶状体27。虹膜根部16和睫状体19在巩膜-角膜结合点13(称为睫状沟28)处界定了巩膜12内表面的一部分。在天然晶状体27摘除后保留的前囊24的剩余部分和完整的后囊26在后文中称为囊膈膜29。睫状体19的收缩使晶状体27沿视轴VA方向加厚到其自然厚度T1,以产生用于近视的更大的正屈光力(参见图1)。睫状体19的张驰拉紧小带纤维22,小带纤维22如图中箭头A所示径向地向外牵引囊袋23用于挤压晶状体27以沿着视轴VA减小其厚度到T2(T2<T1),以得到用于远视的较低的正屈光力(参见图2)。
图3显示了用于在人眼睫状沟28自固定的“推扭”AIOL组件31,以更好的促使裸眼的视觉(spctacle free vision)超过人类视觉的标称范围。AIOL组件31包括分离的固定人工晶状体系统32以可选地保持分离的AIOL33,和“推扭”卡口结构34,用于影响AIOL33相对于固定人工晶状体系统32并沿着人眼视轴进行的步进轴向位移。手持操作工具36被用来在原位组装AIOL组件31并操作AIOL33相对于固定人工晶状体系统32步进轴位移,该手持工具36具有细长轴37和带尖端38A的倾斜的终端片38。
固定人工晶状体系统32由适合的刚性生物相容性透明聚合物材料制成,例如PMMA等类似物。固定人工晶状体系统32具有与人眼视轴同方向延伸的纵轴39。固定人工晶状体系统32包括对应于人眼瞳孔的直径D1在范围4mm-5mm内,且沿着纵轴39轴长度L1为1mm±0.5mm的管状主体41(参见图l0)。固定人工晶状体系统32具有一对从其主体41沿相反的方向在垂直于纵轴39的同一平面内延伸的径向相反细长的C形固定人工晶状体机构42。固定人工晶状体机构42在垂直于纵轴39的平面具有薄的外形,这样其在适当的力的作用下具有充分的可弯曲性,如使用常规的眼外科工具施加的力,以如箭头C所示环绕主体41从而便于通过相对较小的切口将固定人工晶状体系统32插入人眼。图3以虚线显示了固定人工晶状体机构42,以显示其环绕主体41。固定人工晶状体机构42沿着纵轴39具有宽的外形,这样其有足够的强度承受沿着其的压力。固定人工晶状体机构的宽外形较好的是从其靠近主体41的近端42A到远端42B逐渐变细,并终止于分叉的附接板43。
图4从垂直于纵轴39的平面的正视显示了附接板43具有近似方形的形状,其上设有一对空间上分开的具有足够强度的尖锐穿刺元件44,用于强行穿透人眼巩膜12的坚韧结缔组织。附接板43具有朝向其固定人工晶状体机构42的等腰形状切口46,以留下中央狭窄的结合部47以基于其的抵靠确定附接板43进入人眼巩膜12的最大穿透。穿刺元件44具有两尖端44A,且在垂直于纵轴39的平面具有最小的尖端间隔距离TS至少为1mm,最好在大约2mm至3mm之间。穿刺元件44从尖端44A到结合部47进行测量具有至少为0.5mm的最小尖端高度TH,这样其可以贯穿略微多于巩膜略一半的厚度大约1mm。尖端高度TH较好在0.8mm至1.3mm之间。附接板43在切口46和固定人工晶状体机构42之间的中心部位形成有操作孔48,以选择性接受手持操作工具的尖端38A处于原位的操作。操作孔48较好地由0.4mm直径的贯穿钻孔制成。
主体41具有形成有两个和更多等距的步进轨道52的内表面51,图3中只能看到其中一个。图5显示了步进轨道52,其具有三个能使AIOL33相对于固定人工晶状体系统32轴向位移的轴向通道53A,53B,53C,和三个能使AIOL33相对于固定人工晶状体系统32旋转位移的边缘凹槽54A,54B,54C,并消除AIOL33相对于人眼视轴的轴向方向的不慎的位移。轴向通道具有边缘宽度W。边缘凹槽54A、边缘凹槽54B和边缘凹槽54C分别对应于AIOL沿人眼视轴最后端、中间的、最前端的停止位置。
图3、图8和图9显示了AIOL33具有与人眼视轴同方向的纵轴56,空心的扁平球形外壳57,具有引导面58A的环形前端元件58,和具有曳尾面59A的后端元件59。引导面58A具有内边61以限定直径略小于主体41直径的前面孔62。外壳57限定空腔63以容纳形状记忆光学元件64,该光学记忆元件64具有引导面66,引导面66具有通过孔62露出的中心部66A。后端元件59可形成为不具有任何光学强度或者较好的具有如图所示平凸的具有正屈光强度的光学元件。外壳57的直径D2至少为6mm,以适合成年人尺寸的AIOL33,较好的是7mm±1mm以承受人眼囊隔膜29的主要部分(参见图10)。
AIOL33包括轴长度为L2的硬质管状壳体67,以及面对人眼前部方向的引导端67A,面对人眼后部方向的曳尾端67B(参见图10)。曳尾端67B形成有用于容纳内边61的凹槽68,在其上壳体67可相对于其往复运动,以选择性压缩光学元件64。壳体67具有外围的圆柱面69,其上具有突起部71以沿着步进轨道52移动。突出部71具有外围长度L3,其中W=L3+Δ。外壳57在其外边57A上形成有操作环72,或/和在其引导面58A上形成有操作盲孔73,以在选择性地接受手持操作工具尖端38A,用于在人眼中从AIOL33的植入的前部方向实现AIOL33的处于原位的操作。
外壳57,光学元件64和壳体67最好由不同稠度的生物相容性透明聚合材料制成,这些材料可在适当的使用如镊子74等常规外壳手术工具提供的力作用下弹性变形,以使AIOL33通过相对较小的切口插入人眼(参见图6)。壳体67典型的是采用相对硬的聚合物材料制成,例如PMMA,同时外壳57由相对低硬度的基于硅酮或丙烯酸的聚合材料制成,光学元件64由更软的基于硅凝胶或者软质的丙烯酸的聚合材料制成。例如,外壳57由MED6400聚合材料制成,光学元件64由MED3-6300聚合材料制成,两种聚合材料均可从NuSiISilicon Technology,Inc.,California,USA(www.nusil.com)处购买到。
图7显示了具有与人眼视轴同方向延伸的纵轴81的整体AIOL组件80,固定人工晶状体系统82与AIOL33一条成形,从而有效地作为固定人工晶状体系统82的主体。固定人工晶状体系统82具有一对以与固定人工晶状体系统32相似的方式从其AIOL33沿相反的方向在垂直于纵轴81的同一平面内延伸的径向相反细长的C形固定人工晶状体机构83。这种情况下,固定人工晶状体机构83具有充满具有辐射敏感的生物相容性的材料,例如辐射敏感吲哚菁绿(IGC)等的区域84,这样固定人工晶状体机构83能通过加热到所谓的玻璃转化温度来塑性变形,以实现如上述的WO2005/104994中列举和描述的之前的处于原位的轴位移植入。
图8显示了光学元件64的非压缩形状,其具有连续的略带曲线的引导面66,该引导面66在AIOL非压缩状态包括其露出的中央部66A。图9显示了光学元件64在沿着其纵轴39施加用于压缩AIOL到其压缩状态的压力F使前端鼓入壳体67中的压缩形状。鼓出形状依赖于压力,且在压缩形状下的鼓出大于非压缩状态下的鼓出,由此AIOL33具有从适合远视觉的最大屈光强度到适合近视觉的最小屈光强度的连续可变的屈光强度。在这种情况下,光学元件64具有与天然晶状体27相同或更大的屈光率,于是其非压缩状态适于远视觉,且其压缩状态适于近视觉。在光学元件64的屈光率小于人眼房水的屈光率的情况下,光学元件64作为凹透镜,这样其非压缩状态适合近视觉,其压缩状态适合远视觉。
图10至图13显示了使用“推扭”卡口结构34用于AIOL33沿着人眼视轴处于原位的调整。AIOL33布置在固定人工晶状体系统32后部,旋转使其突出部71与通道53A对齐。AIOL33在前部方向位移以使其突起部71插入通道53A,并面对着AIOL33沿凹槽54A从后部方向朝向中间方向顺时针旋转,以达到其最后端位置(参见图11)。AIOL33沿人眼视轴在其由S2<S1表示的中间停止位置定位,进一步相对于固定人工晶状体系统32顺时针旋转,以到达通道53B,AIOL33沿着槽53B在前部方向位移到达通道54B,并相对于固定人工晶状体系统32顺时针旋转AIOL33(参见图12)。AIOL33在其由S3<S2表示的前端停止位置沿人眼视轴调整位置定位,进一步相对于固定人工晶状体系统32顺时针旋转AIOL33到达槽53C,AIOL33沿着槽53C在前部方向位移到达凹槽54C,并相对于固定人工晶状体系统32顺时针旋转AIOL33(参见图13)。
在去除天然晶状体27后以留下包括残留的覆盖在未受损伤的后囊26上的前囊24的双层囊隔膜29后,在人眼10中植入AIOL组件31,如图14和图15所示。AIOL组件31装配成AIOL的纵轴56和固定人工晶状体系统的纵轴39重合。AIOL组件在人眼局部施加用于松弛其巩膜肌肉的睫状肌麻醉剂后植入人眼,因此扩张了瞳孔,以便于接近紧贴巩膜14后部的后房18。这样的施药同样使人眼10进入其睫状体舒张状态,收紧由于去除其天然晶状体27而具有松弛的囊隔膜29,以使囊隔膜29达到调节的目的。图14显示了固定人工晶状体系统的穿刺元件44在固定定位点AP强行插入巩膜12,以在环状的睫状沟28中保持AIOL组件31。图14也显示了AIOL组件31被布置为其纵轴41和56与人眼视轴VA平行并且较好地是与人眼视轴VA同轴,且曳尾面59A在后部方向被推动以抵靠囊隔膜29,进行同样的收紧变得充分拉紧以推动AIOL33到达如图9所示的压缩状态。AIOL33布置为睫状体19的收缩使AIOL33呈现如图8所示的非压缩状态,从而在人眼囊隔膜29的往复运动的全范围上都提供调节。然而,在眼囊收缩的情况下,AIOL33不能在人眼收缩的睫状体状态中呈现完全的非压缩状态,这样其根据眼囊收缩的程度保持至少部分压缩,因此降低了其调节能力。AIOL33的调节能力通过在前端方向移动AIOL33到中间停止位置或者最前端停止位置中的一个来恢复(参见图15)。
图16显示了包括分离的固定人工晶状体系统32和分离的双重类波纹管AIOL91的AIOL组件90。AIOL91具有与人眼视轴同方向的纵轴92,以及具环94外壳93,该环94具有用于沿着步进轨道52移动的突起部96,带引导面98的前端元件97,带曳尾面101的后端元件99。外壳93包括设置在环94和前端元件97之间的弹性可伸缩变形的类波纹管引导形记忆光学元件102,和设置在环94和后端元件99之间的弹性可伸缩变形的类波纹管曳尾形记忆光学元件103。前端元件97上形成有操作盲孔104,用于选择性的接收手持操作工具的尖端38A,以实现AIOL33的处于原位的操作。
环94,前端元件97,后端元件99和光学元件102及103最好由基于不同稠度的生物相容性透明材料的聚合物制成。环94代表性的由相对硬的材料,如PMMA形成,同时前端元件97和后端元件99由相对硬度较小的基于硅酮或者丙烯酸地聚合材料形成,光学元件102和103由更软的基于硅凝胶或丙烯酸的聚合材料形成。例如,前端元件97和后端元件99可由前述的MED6400聚合材料制成,且光学元件102和103由前述的MED3-6300聚合材料制成。可选地,环94上可形成有隔膜以将AIOL91分为可注入适合的基于凝胶的硅酮或水的两部分。前端元件97和后端元件99可以形成为不具有任何光学强度的平坦的光学元件,或者较好的如图所示平凸的光学元件。
图17显示了纵轴81与人眼视轴同方向的整体AIOL组件110,固定人工晶状体系统112与AIOL91一体成形,因此有效地充当了固定人工晶状体系统的主体。固定人工晶状体系统112具有一对以与固定人工晶状体系统32相似的方式从其AIOL33在垂直于纵轴111的平面内沿相反方向延伸的直径相反的C形固定人工晶状体机构113。这种情况下,固定人工晶状体机构113具有充满具有辐射敏感的生物相容性的材料,例如辐射敏感吲哚菁绿(IGC)等的区域114,这样固定人工晶状体机构113能通过加热到所谓的玻璃转化温度来塑性变形,以实现如上述的WO2005/104994中列举和描述的之前的处于原位的轴位移植入。
图18显示了在AIOL91非压缩状态下具有扁平表面104A的光学元件102和103的非压缩形状。图19显示了在保持环94在固定位置的情况下在前端元件97的方向上朝着曳尾面101施加压力F使光学元件103鼓入光学元件102以产生弯曲表面104B,这样依次导致光学元件102在前端方向鼓出以使前端元件97和环94隔开。光学元件103通过更大的压力更多地鼓入光学元件102,因此AIOL91具有从适合远视觉的最小屈光强度到适合近视觉的最大屈光强度的连续可变的屈光强度。
光学元件102较好地具有大于光学元件屈光率n1的屈光率n2,因此弯曲表面104B作为具有负的光强度的凹透镜,这样AIOL91在其非压缩状态适合近视觉(参见图18和图20)且在其压缩状态适合远视觉(参见图19和图21)。AIOL91可以被设计为在其压缩状态可产生成非常高的负屈光力,这样患者的眼睛将在施加了压缩力F的情况下具有完全的负力。在这种情况下,患者可佩戴具有凸透镜的眼镜,因此患者的眼睛和他的眼镜构成伽里略望远镜(Gallileantelescope),使得他能够以放大的方式看到远处的物体。
图22至图24显示了适合在固定人工晶状体系统32中使用,以在人眼睫状沟中自固定植入的分离AIOL120。AIOL120具有与人眼视轴同方向的纵轴120A,具有与前端元件122配合的引导端121A和相对于外壳121与活塞123往复配合的曳尾端121B的圆筒状外壳121。外壳121由适合的硬的生物相容性透明材料制成,例如PMMA等等。前端元件122形成有一对夹持元件124,以紧固地配合插入形成在外壳121上的一对孔126。活塞123上形成有一对键127,以插入设置在外壳121的曳尾面129上的一对键槽128。活塞123在外壳121中旋转四分之一圆周,以防止活塞123从外壳121上松开,但允许相对于其的往复运动。外壳121相对于纵轴120A设有边缘孔131,和在曳尾面129和孔131之间布置的环状法兰132(参见图23和图24)。较好地,前端元件122和活塞123在平凸的前端元件122和平坦的活塞123的情况下,都具有正光强度或者两者之一具有正光强度。
外壳121以与AIOL91相似的方式容纳一对形状记忆盘状光学元件133和134,在这样的范围内光学元件133和134在AIOL120压缩状态下具有平坦表面136A(参见图23),且在其压缩状态下具有弯曲表面136B(参见图24)。图24显示了光学元件134鼓入光学元件133,其依次引起了光学元件133放射地从孔131中鼓出。在这种情况下,光学元件133的屈光率大于光学元件134的屈光率,弯曲表面136B充当凹透镜,这样AIOL120在其非压缩状态适合近视觉(参见图23),在其压缩状态适合远视觉(参见图24)。引导端121A形成有突起部137,以沿着步进轨道52移动。前端元件122形成有操作盲孔138(未示意),以选择性接收手持操作工具尖端38A,以实现AIOL120的处于原位的操作。
图25至图28显示了适合于在固定人工晶状体系统32中使用,在人眼睫状沟中自固定植入的分离AIOL140。AIOL140与AIOL120采用相似的操作方式,但在一定范围不同,其由单一的整体结构构成,以便于通过相对小的切口插入患者的眼睛。AIOL140包括外壳141,外壳141具有前端元件142,通过弹性薄膜144连接到外壳141上的活塞元件143,该弹性薄膜144实现非压缩状态和压缩状态间的往复,外围孔146,和环状法兰147。外壳141容纳能够被插入其中,并在AIOL140非压缩状态下具有平坦表面151A(参见图27),在其压缩状态具有弯曲表面151B的光学元件148和149。在这种情况下,光学元件148的屈光率大于光学元件149的屈光率,弯曲表面151B充当凹透镜,这样AIOL140在其非压缩状态适合近视觉(参见图27)在其压缩状态适合远视觉(参见图28)。外壳141形成有突起部152以沿着步进轨道52移动。前端元件142形成有操作盲孔153,以选择性接受手持操作工具尖端38A,以实现AIOL140的处于原位的操作。
图29和图30显示了适合在固定人工晶状体系统32中使用,在人眼睫状沟中自固定植入的分离AIOL170。AIOL170包括杯形外壳171,其具有前端元件172和能在最大伸展位置(参见图29)和最大压缩位置(参见图30)之间往复的曳尾管状活塞173。外壳171容纳形状记忆光学元件174,光学元件174可弹性伸缩地在非压缩的盘状(参见图29)和在后端方向施加压力F鼓入活塞173的压缩形状(参见图30)之间往复。外壳171由适合的硬的生物相容性材料制成,例如PMMA等等。光学元件174典型地由屈光率大于人眼房水屈光率的基于凝胶的硅酮或水制成,这样AIOL170在其非压缩状态下适合于远视觉(参见图29)且在其压缩状态下适合于近视觉(参见图30)。
图31显示了适合在固定人工晶状体系统32中使用,在人眼睫状沟中自固定植入的分离AIOL180。AIOL180包括杯形外壳181,其上设有具有中心孔183的前端元件182,形状记忆盘状光学元件184,和半球面后端元件186。光学元件184在其自然盘形状和在施加压力F的情况下从孔183鼓出之间可弹性伸缩地变形。外壳181由适合的硬的生物相容性材料制成,例如PMMA等等。光学元件184典型地由适合的屈光率大于人眼房水屈光率的基于凝胶的硅酮或水制成,这样AIOL180在其自然状态下适合远视觉且在其压缩状态下适合近视觉。
图32显示了适合在适于牢固地固定在人眼睫状沟中的固定人工晶状体系统中使用的分离的AIOL190。AIOL190包括杯形外壳191,杯形外壳191具有前端元件192和在自然球形形状和在朝向前端元件192方向施加压力F的情况下的扁平形状之间可弹性伸缩地变形的形状记忆光学元件193。光学元件193典型地由适合的屈光率大于人眼房水屈光率的基于凝胶的硅酮或水制成,这样AIOL190在其自然状态下适合远视觉且在其压缩状态下适合近视觉。
图33显示了与“推扭”AIOL组件31具有相似构造和操作的“推扭”AIOL组件200,但区别在与“推扭”AIOL组件200在分离的AIOL从相反于后端的前端方向插入分离的固定人工晶状体系统202。在这种情况下,AIOL201设有一对用于通过手持操作工具36以实现处于原位的操作的操作盲孔203。
图34显示了与“推扭”AIOL组件31具有相似构造和操作的“推扭”AIOL组件210,但区别在于“推扭”AIOL组件210具有相对于“推扭”卡口结构34的反向“推扭”卡口结构。换句话说,AIOL组件210包括固定人工晶状体系统211和AIOL212,且前者设有突起部213,后者形成有两个和更多等距的步进轨道214。反向的卡口结构的好处在一定范围超过“推扭”卡口结构34,分离的AIOL能形成有大于主体轴长度L1的轴长度L2,以实现沿着大于主体轴长度L1的行程的处于原位的手动选择轴位移。AIOL212形成有用于通过手持操作工具36实现处于原位的操作的操作盲孔216。反向“推扭”卡口结构能应用于AIOL212从如图所示的前端方向或类似于“推扭”卡口结构34的后端方向插入固定人工晶状体系统211。
图35显示了类似于AIOL组件31但使用螺纹结构221替代“推扭”卡口结构34以使得分离的AIOL222相对于分离的固定人工晶状体系统223相对运动的AIOL组件220。AIOL组件220能同样地应用于沿着人眼视轴且比主体轴长度L1更长的调整行程。AIOL222设置有一对操作盲孔224,以通过手持操作工具36实现处于原位的操作。
尽管本发明通过有限数量的实施例描述,但是可以理解的是多种变化和改进,以及本发明的其他应用可以被实现而在后附的权利要求范围中。分离的AIOL120,140,170和180能够与整体的AIOL组件80和110类似地构造成整体的AIOL组件。
Claims (51)
1.一种用于在人眼中自固定植入的可调节人工晶状体(AIOL)组件,人眼具有视轴,韧性结缔组织的巩膜、环状睫状沟、和用于从收紧的括约肌状态到松弛的括约肌状态沿视轴在前部方向收紧囊隔膜的松弛状态的类括约肌睫状体,所述AIOL组件包含:
(a)可调节人工晶状体(AIOL),该可调节人工晶状体(AIOL)具有与人眼视轴同方向延展的纵轴,引导面,曳尾面,和至少一个在所述AIOL非压缩状态下具有第一屈光强度的非压缩形状和在所述AIOL的压缩状态下具有不同于所述第一屈光强度的第二屈光强度的压缩形状之间可弹性伸缩变形的形状记忆光学元件,因此所述AIOL具有在适合远视觉的最小屈光强度和适合近视觉的最大屈光强度之间可连续变化的屈光强度;和
(b)具有与人眼视轴同方向延展的纵轴的固定人工晶状体系统,和具有至少两个细长的固定人工晶状体机构的主体,所述两个固定人工晶状体机构从所述主体在垂直于所述纵轴的平面沿相反的方向延伸,每个所述固定人工晶状体机构具有至少一个用于穿透人眼巩膜的韧性结缔组织的尖端穿刺元件,以在所述人眼睫状沟中在至少两个空间分离的固定定位点自固定植入所述固定人工晶状体系统,以保持所述AIOL沿着所述人眼视轴处于原位手动可选择地位移到需要的位置,即沿着其相对于所述至少两个固定定位点以推动所述曳尾面从前部方向抵靠所述人眼囊隔膜,以在所述需要的位置通过人眼睫状体的舒张从后部方向收紧其囊隔膜抵靠所述曳尾面,以确定所述AIOL的屈光强度,从而影响所述AIOL的屈光强度。
2.如权利要求1所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述固定人工晶状体系统是可选择地在其中保持分离的AIOL的分离组件。
3.如权利要求2所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述分离的固定人工晶状体系统和所述的分离的AIOL具有推扭卡口结构,该推扭卡口结构用于沿着所述人眼视轴相对于所述至少两个空间上分离的固定定位点,实现所述分离的AIOL在至少两个分离的轴停止位置的步进轴位移。
4.如权利要求3所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述主体具有包含至少两个等距的步进轨道的内表面,且所述分离的AIOL具有相应数量的突起部以沿着它们相关联的步进轨道推扭移动。
5.如权利要求2所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述分离的固定人工晶状体系统和所述分离的AIOL具有螺纹结构,以相对于所述至少两个空间上分离的固定定位点沿着所述人眼视轴实现所述分离的AIOL的连续轴位移。
6.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述主体具有沿其纵轴的轴长度L1,所述分离的AIOL具有沿其纵轴的轴长度L2,其中L2>L1,以相对于至少两个空间上分离的固定定位点沿着人眼视轴,沿着大于分离的固定人工晶状体系统的轴长度L1的调整行程,实现所述分离的AIOL的处于原位的手动可选的轴位移。
7.如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述分离的AIOL从后部方向插入所述分离固定人工晶状体系统。
8.如权利要求1所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述固定人工晶状体系统与充当所述主体的AIOL一体成形,且所述至少两个细长的固定人工晶状体机构的每个具有可塑性形变的辐射敏感区域,以相对于至少两个空间上分离的固定定位点沿着人眼视轴,实现所述AIOL的处于原位的手动可选的轴位移。
9.如权利要求8所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述辐射敏感区域靠近所述AIOL并远离其各自的尖端穿刺元件。
10.如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:每个所述的固定人工晶状体机构在垂直所述固定人工晶状体系统的纵轴的平面内具有薄的外形,这样每个所述固定人工晶状体机构具有充分的可弯曲性以在所述垂直于其纵轴的平面内环绕所述主体,且每个所述固定人工晶状体机构沿着其纵轴具有宽的外形,这样每个所述固定人工晶状体机构具有足够的强度以抵靠沿着其的压力。
11.如权利要求10所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述宽的外形从靠近所述主体的固定人工晶状体机构的近端朝向远离主体的远端逐渐变细。
12.如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述AIOL包括中空的扁平球状外壳,该外壳具有包含具有限定孔的内部边缘的所述引导面的环形前端元件,具有所述曳尾面的后端元件,且所述至少一个形状记忆光学元件,该形状记忆光学元件具有引导面,该引导面包括从所述孔中露出的中间部,和管状壳体,该壳体安装在所述外壳上以相对于所述后端元件往复运动,以选择性的压缩所述至少一个形状记忆光学元件从其非压缩形状到相对于非压缩形状而鼓入所述壳体的压缩形状,因此所述AIOL具有从适合远视觉的最小屈光强度到适合近视觉的最大屈光强度之间的连续可变的屈光强度。
13.如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述AIOL包括外壳,所述外壳包括具有引导面的前端元件和具有曳尾面的后端元件,在AIOL的非压缩状态下的非压缩形状和AIOL的压缩状态下的压缩形状之间可弹性伸缩变形的引导形状记忆光学元件,以及在AIOL的非压缩状态下的非压缩形状和AIOL的压缩状态下的压缩形状之间可弹性伸缩变形的曳尾形状记忆光学元件,以通过施加沿所述纵轴从后端方向抵抗所述曳尾面的压力,选择性地鼓入所述引导形状记忆光学元件,以相对于其在AIOL的非压缩状态下的非压缩形状修正所述引导形状记忆光学元件的形状。
14.如权利要求13所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述外壳包括在所述引导形状记忆光学元件和所述曳尾形状记忆光学元件之间的环,所述引导形状记忆光学元件和所述曳尾形状记忆光学元件具有类波纹管形状,由此所述引导形状记忆类波纹管元件在前部方向伸展以使所述前端元件在AIOL的压缩状态下远离所述环。
15.如权利要求13所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述AIOL包括具有相对于所述AIOL的纵轴的至少一个边缘孔的圆筒状外壳,由此所述引导形状记忆光学元件在所述AIOL的压缩状态下放射地从所述至少一个边缘孔中鼓出。
16.一种用于在人眼中植入的可调节人工晶状体(AIOL)组件,人眼具有视轴,韧性结缔组织的巩膜、环状睫状沟、和用于从收紧的括约肌状态到松弛的括约肌状态沿视轴在前部方向收紧囊隔膜的松弛状态的类括约肌睫状体,所述AIOL具有与所述人眼视轴同方向布置的纵轴,所述AIOL包含:
(a)中空的扁平球状外壳,所述外壳具有包含具有限定孔的内部边缘的引导面的环形前端元件,具有曳尾面的后端元件,和在所述AIOL的非压缩状态下具有第一屈光强度的非压缩形状和在所述AIOL的压缩状态下具有不同于所述第一屈光强度的第二屈光强度的压缩形状之间可弹性伸缩变形的形状记忆光学元件,所述至少一个形状记忆光学元件具有引导面,该引导面包括从所述孔露出的中间部;和
(b)管状壳体,该管状壳体安装在所述外壳上以相对于所述前端元件往复运动,以选择性的压缩所述至少一个形状记忆光学元件从其非压缩形状到相对于非压缩形状而鼓入所述壳体的压缩形状,因此所述AIOL具有从适合远视觉的最小屈光强度到适合近视觉的最大屈光强度之间的连续可变的屈光强度。
17.如权利要求16所述的AIOL,其特征在于:所述壳体具有引导端和形成有凹槽以接收所述内部边缘的曳尾端,由此所述壳体相对于所述后端元件是可往复动作的。
18.如权利要求16或17所述的AIOL,其特征在于:在垂直于所述纵轴的平面,所述外壳直径至少为6mm,所述壳体的直径至少为4mm。
19.一种可调节的人工晶状体组件,其特征在于,包含:
(a)如权利16至18中任一项所述的AIOL;和
(b)具有与人眼视轴同方向布置的纵轴的固定人工晶状体系统,和具有至少两个细长的在垂直于所述固定人工晶状体系统的纵轴的平面内伸展的固定人工晶状体机构的主体,每个所述固定人工晶状体机构具有至少一个尖端穿刺元件以穿透人眼巩膜的韧性结缔组织,以在所述人眼睫状沟中在至少两个空间分离的固定定位点自固定植入所述固定人工晶状体系统,以保持AIOL处于沿着人眼视轴手动选择的轴位置,通过人眼睫状体从其收缩的睫状体状态的舒张到其舒张的睫状体状态的松弛收紧其囊隔膜,以沿着所述人眼视轴从后端方向施加抵靠所述曳尾面的压缩力,以从其非压缩状态向其压缩状态压缩所述AIOL。
20.如权利要求19所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述固定人工晶状体系统是分离的组件,以可选择地在其中保持分离的AIOL。
21.如权利要求20所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述分离的固定人工晶状体系统和所述分离的AIOL具有推扭卡口结构,该推扭卡口结构用于沿着所述人眼视轴相对于所述至少两个空间上分离的固定定位点,实现所述分离的AIOL在至少两个分离的轴停止位置的步进轴位移。
22.如权利要求21所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述主体具有包含至少两个等距的步进轨道的内表面,且所述分离的AIOL具有相应数量的突起部以沿着它们相关联的步进轨道推扭移动。
23.如权利要求20所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述分离的固定人工晶状体系统和所述分离的AIOL具有螺纹结构,以相对于所述至少两个空间上分离的固定定位点沿着所述人眼视轴实现所述分离的AIOL的连续轴位移。
24.如权利要求20至23中任一项所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述主体具有沿其纵轴的轴长度L1,所述分离的AIOL具有沿其纵轴的轴长度L2,其中L2>L1,以相对于至少两个空间上分离的固定定位点沿着人眼视轴,沿着大于分离的固定人工晶状体系统的轴长度L1的调整行程,实现所述分离的AIOL的处于原位的手动可选的轴位移。
25.如权利要求20至24中任一项所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述分离的AIOL从后部方向插入所述分离的固定人工晶状体系统。
26.如权利要求19所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述固定人工晶状体系统与充当所述主体的AIOL一体成形,且所述至少两个细长的固定人工晶状体机构的每个具有可塑性形变的辐射敏感区域,以相对于至少两个空间上分离的固定定位点沿着人眼视轴,实现所述AIOL的处于原位的手动可选的轴位移。
27.如权利要求26所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述辐射敏感区域靠近所述AIOL并远离其各自的尖端穿刺元件。
28.如权利要求19至26中任一项所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:每个所述的固定人工晶状体机构在垂直所述固定人工晶状体系统的纵轴的平面内具有一个薄的外形,这样每个所述固定人工晶状体机构具有充分的可弯曲性以在所述垂直于所述固定人工晶状体系统的纵轴的平面内环绕所述主体,且每个所述固定人工晶状体机构沿着所述固定人工晶状体系统的纵轴具有宽的外形,这样每个所述固定人工晶状体机构具有足够的强度以抵抗沿着其的压力。
29.如权利要求28所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述宽的外形从靠近所述主体的固定人工晶状体机构的近端朝向远离主体的远端逐渐变细。
30.一种用于在人眼中植入的可调节人工晶状体(AIOL)组件,所述人眼具有视轴,韧性结缔组织的巩膜、环状睫状沟、和用于从收紧的括约肌状态到松弛的括约肌状态沿视轴在前部方向收紧囊隔膜的松弛状态的类括约肌睫状体,所述AIOL具有与所述人眼视轴同方向布置的纵轴,
所述AIOL包含外壳,所述外壳包括具有引导面的前端元件,具有曳尾面的后端元件,和在所述AIOL的非压缩状态下的非压缩形状和所述AIOL的压缩状态下的压缩形状之间可弹性伸缩地变形的引导形状记忆光学元件,以及在所述AIOL的非压缩状态下的非压缩形状和所述AIOL的压缩状态下的压缩形状之间可弹性伸缩变形的曳尾形状记忆光学元件,以通过沿所述纵轴施加从后端方向抵靠所述曳尾面的压力,以选择性鼓入所述引导形状记忆光学元件,相对于其在AIOL的非压缩状态下的非压缩形状修正所述引导形状记忆光学元件的形状。
31.如权利要求30所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述外壳包括在所述引导形状记忆光学元件和所述曳尾形状记忆光学元件之间的环,所述引导形状记忆光学元件和所述曳尾形状记忆光学元件具有类波纹管形状,由此所述引导形状记忆类波纹管元件在前部方向伸展以使所述前端元件在AIOL的压缩状态下远离所述环。
32.如权利要求30所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述AIOL包括具有相对于所述AIOL的纵轴的至少一个边缘孔的圆筒状外壳,由此所述引导形状记忆光学元件在所述AIOL的压缩状态下放射地从所述至少一个边缘孔中鼓出。
33.一种人工晶状体组件,包含:
(a)如权利30至32中任一项所述的AIOL;和
(b)具有与人眼视轴同方向布置的纵轴的固定人工晶状体系统,和具有至少两个细长的在垂直于所述固定人工晶状体系统的纵轴的平面内伸展的固定人工晶状体机构的主体,每个所述固定人工晶状体机构具有至少一个尖端穿刺元件以穿透人眼巩膜的韧性结缔组织,以在所述人眼睫状沟中在至少两个空间上分离的固定定位点自固定植入所述固定人工晶状体系统,以保持AIOL处于沿着人眼视轴手动选择的轴位置,通过人眼睫状体从其收缩的睫状体状态的舒张到其舒张的睫状体状态的松弛收紧其囊隔膜,以沿着所述人眼视轴从后端方向施加抵靠所述曳尾面的压缩力,以从其非压缩状态向其压缩状态压缩所述AIOL。
34.如权利要求33所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述固定人工晶状体系统是分离的组件,以可选择地在其中保持分离的AIOL。
35.如权利要求34所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述分离的固定人工晶状体系统和所述分离的AIOL具有推扭卡口结构,该推扭卡口结构用于沿着所述人眼视轴相对于所述至少两个空间上分离的固定定位点,实现所述分离的AIOL在至少两个分离的轴停止位置的步进轴位移。
36.如权利要求35所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述主体具有包含至少两个等距的步进轨道的内表面,且所述分离的AIOL具有相应数量的突起部以沿着它们相关联的步进轨道推扭移动。
37.如权利要求34所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述分离的固定人工晶状体系统和所述分离的AIOL具有螺纹结构,以相对于所述至少两个空间上分离的固定定位点沿着所述人眼视轴实现所述分离的AIOL的连续轴位移。
38.如权利要求34至37中任一项所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述主体具有沿其纵轴的轴长度L1,所述分离的AIOL具有沿其纵轴的轴长度L2,其中L2>L1,以相对于至少两个空间上分离的固定定位点沿着人眼视轴,沿着大于分离的固定人工晶状体系统的轴长度L1的调整行程,实现所述分离的AIOL的处于原位的手动可选的轴位移。
39.如权利要求34至38中任一项所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述分离的AIOL从后部方向插入所述分离的固定人工晶状体系统。
40.如权利要求33所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述固定人工晶状体系统与充当所述主体的AIOL一体成形,且所述至少两个细长的固定人工晶状体机构的每个具有可塑性形变的辐射敏感区域,以相对于至少两个空间上分离的固定定位点沿着人眼视轴,实现所述AIOL的处于原位的手动可选的轴位移。
41.如权利要求40所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述辐射敏感区域靠近所述AIOL并远离其各自的尖端穿刺元件。
42.如权利要求34至41中任一项所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:每个所述的固定人工晶状体机构在垂直所述固定人工晶状体系统的纵轴的平面内具有一个薄的外形,这样每个所述固定人工晶状体机构具有充分的可弯曲性以在所述垂直于所述固定人工晶状体系统的纵轴的平面内环绕所述主体,且每个所述固定人工晶状体机构沿着所述固定人工晶状体系统的纵轴具有宽的外形,这样每个所述的固定人工晶状体机构具有足够的强度以抵抗沿着其的压力。
43.如权利要求42所述的AIOL组件,其特征在于:所述宽的外形从靠近所述主体的固体人工晶状体机构的近端朝向远离主体的远端逐渐变细。
44.一种用于在人眼中保持人工晶状体的固定人工晶状体系统,所述人眼具有视轴,并包括韧性结缔组织的巩膜、环状睫状沟,该固定人工晶状体系统具有与所述人眼视轴同方向延展的纵轴,该固定人工晶状体系统包含具有至少两个在垂直于所述纵轴的平面内沿相反方向延伸的细长固定人工晶状体机构的主体,每个固定人工晶状体机构具有附接板,附接板上设有至少两个分别终止于尖端的尖端穿刺元件,以穿透人眼巩膜的韧性结缔组织,在人眼睫状沟中在至少两个空间上分离的固定定位点自固定植入所述固定人工晶状体系统,所述至少两个尖端穿刺元件在垂直于所述纵轴的平面内具有至少为1mm的尖端之间的尖端间距。
45.如权利要求44所述的固定人工晶状体系统,其特征在于:所述尖端间距大约在2mm至3mm之间。
46.如权利要求44或45所述的固定人工晶状体系统,其特征在于:所述附接元件具有分叉形状,包括处于一对空间上分离的尖端穿刺元件之间的中心狭窄结合部,以实现抵靠人眼巩膜的至少0.5mm的穿透深度,在人眼睫状沟中自固定植入固定人工晶状体系统。
47.如权利要求44至46中任一项所述的与手持操作工具配合使用的固定人工晶状体系统,所述手持工具包括具有尖端的细长柄,其中所述附接板包括从前部方向可接近的操作孔,以选择性地接收所述操作工具的尖端,以实现所述附接板的处于原位的操作。
48.如权利要求44至47中任一项所述的固定人工晶状体系统,与AIOL一体成形,所述AIOL包括中空的扁平球状外壳,所述外壳具有包括具有限定孔的内部边缘的所述引导面的环形前端元件,具有所述曳尾面的后端元件,且所述至少一个形状记忆光学元件,该形状记忆光学元件具有引导面,该引导面包括从所述孔中露出的中间部,和管状壳体,该壳体安装在所述外壳上以相对于所述后端元件往复运动,以选择性的压缩所述至少一个形状记忆光学元件从其非压缩形状到相对于非压缩形状而鼓入所述壳体的压缩形状,因此所述AIOL具有从适合远视觉的最小屈光强度到适合近视觉的最大屈光强度之间的连续可变的屈光强度。
49.如权利要求44至47中任一项所述的固定人工晶状体系统,与AIOL一体成形,所述AIOL包括外壳,所述外壳包括具有引导面的前端元件和具有曳尾面的后端元件,在AIOL的非压缩状态下的非压缩形状和在AIOL的压缩状态下的压缩形状之间可弹性伸缩变形的引导形状记忆光学元件,以及在AIOL的非压缩状态下的非压缩形状和AIOL的压缩状态下的压缩形状之间可可弹性伸缩变形的曳尾形状记忆光学元件,以通过施加沿所述纵轴从后端方向抵抗所述曳尾面的压力,选择性地鼓入所述引导形状记忆光学元件,以相对于其在AIOL的非压缩状态下的非压缩形状修正所述引导形状记忆光学元件的形状。
50.如权利要求49所述的固定人工晶状体系统,其特征在于:所述外壳包括在所述引导形状记忆光学元件和所述曳尾形状记忆光学元件之间的环,所述引导形状记忆光学元件和所述曳尾形状记忆光学元件具有类波纹管形状,由此所述引导形状记忆类波纹管元件在前部方向伸展以使所述前端元件在AIOL的压缩状态下远离所述环。
51.如权利要求49所述的固定人工晶状体系统,其特征在于:所述外壳包括相对于AIOL纵轴的至少一个边缘孔,由此所述引导形状记忆光学元件在所述AIOL的压缩状态下放射地从所述至少一个边缘孔中鼓出。
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-
2006
- 2006-03-30 JP JP2008503681A patent/JP4937997B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-03-30 AU AU2006228538A patent/AU2006228538A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-03-30 WO PCT/IL2006/000406 patent/WO2006103674A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-03-30 EP EP06728209A patent/EP1890650A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-03-30 US US11/910,133 patent/US20080300680A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-03-30 CA CA002601351A patent/CA2601351A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-03-30 CN CN2006800105793A patent/CN101203192B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-07-15 JP JP2011156334A patent/JP2011245321A/ja active Pending
- 2011-07-15 JP JP2011156336A patent/JP2011245322A/ja active Pending
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2012
- 2012-09-05 US US13/604,172 patent/US8834565B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-09-15 US US14/486,027 patent/US9814568B2/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-11-09 US US15/808,579 patent/US10166096B2/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-12-20 US US16/228,454 patent/US10966818B2/en active Active
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2021
- 2021-04-02 US US17/221,525 patent/US12036110B2/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103025271A (zh) * | 2010-08-15 | 2013-04-03 | 纽镜有限公司 | 分离的预组装的整体的aiol组合件和包括同样组合件的aiol组件 |
| CN104720933A (zh) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-06-24 | 北京艾克伦医疗科技有限公司 | 可替换式多组件多功能人工晶状体系统 |
| CN110246565A (zh) * | 2018-03-07 | 2019-09-17 | 肯尼思·劳伦斯·罗森布拉德 | 姿势和深呼吸改善装置、系统和方法 |
| CN110151358A (zh) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-08-23 | 沈阳眼产业技术研究院有限公司 | 一种双光学部人工晶体套件及其应用 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US10166096B2 (en) | 2019-01-01 |
| US20180221138A1 (en) | 2018-08-09 |
| JP2011245321A (ja) | 2011-12-08 |
| US20210290372A1 (en) | 2021-09-23 |
| US20080300680A1 (en) | 2008-12-04 |
| JP2008534111A (ja) | 2008-08-28 |
| CA2601351A1 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
| AU2006228538A1 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
| JP4937997B2 (ja) | 2012-05-23 |
| EP1890650A2 (en) | 2008-02-27 |
| US20130018461A1 (en) | 2013-01-17 |
| US10966818B2 (en) | 2021-04-06 |
| US8834565B2 (en) | 2014-09-16 |
| HK1117027A1 (zh) | 2009-01-09 |
| WO2006103674A2 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
| WO2006103674A3 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
| JP2011245322A (ja) | 2011-12-08 |
| US20140379079A1 (en) | 2014-12-25 |
| US12036110B2 (en) | 2024-07-16 |
| CN101203192B (zh) | 2010-09-15 |
| US9814568B2 (en) | 2017-11-14 |
| US20190183637A1 (en) | 2019-06-20 |
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