CN100592956C - Laser welding method for hot rolling and the apparatus therefor - Google Patents
Laser welding method for hot rolling and the apparatus therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN100592956C CN100592956C CN200610172810A CN200610172810A CN100592956C CN 100592956 C CN100592956 C CN 100592956C CN 200610172810 A CN200610172810 A CN 200610172810A CN 200610172810 A CN200610172810 A CN 200610172810A CN 100592956 C CN100592956 C CN 100592956C
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/18—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using absorbing layers on the workpiece, e.g. for marking or protecting purposes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/0093—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring combined with mechanical machining or metal-working covered by other subclasses than B23K
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Abstract
A laser welding method for hot rolled steel plate in the process of continuous producing coiled material. Two hot rolled steel plates which are easy to low temperature transforming are abutted. The abutting portion of the hot rolled steel plates are laser welded to form welded seam. The welded seams of the hot rolled steel plates are pressed by the pressing machine. The invention hardenings the microstructure of the welded seam to lesser degree, ensuring the welded seam with stable quality .
Description
Prioity claim
The application requires the priority of the korean patent application submitted in Korea S Department of Intellectual Property on December 27th, 2005 2005-130248 number, and this application content is incorporated by reference into herein.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly in the coiled material continuous production processes hot rolled steel plate be carried out laser welding method, the method welds together two hot rolled steel plates.More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of method for laser welding, the method welds together hot rolled steel plate, and the reduction of the hardenability of the micro-structural of seam, to guarantee stable welding quality.
Background technology
The present invention relates to a kind ofly in the coiled material continuous production processes hot rolled steel plate be carried out laser welding method, the method welds together two hot rolled steel plates.More particularly, the present invention relates in the coiled material continuous production processes, hot rolled steel plate be carried out laser welding method, this method is guaranteed the slight hardening of steel weld seam of low-temperature deformation to take place, to guarantee stable welding quality in the laser beam welding that comprises unexpected heating and cooling suddenly.
The technical field of producing sheet metal is starved of and can obtains more high production rate and quality, and the continuous production processes of larger sized product.
Found that such continuous production processes can be with the high-quality steel of its application extension to electrical sheet or ferritic stainless steel and so on.
Representational coiled material continuous production processes is handled for the acidleach and the tandem strap cold rolling (PCM) that carry out synchronously.Can make cold coiling material (cold coil) by hot rolling material (hot coil) by carrying out acidleach and tandem strap cold rolling (TCM) respectively.But also can make cold rolling coiled material by PCM.With respect to adopting acidleach and TCM to handle respectively, the PCM method can be boosted productivity significantly, and therefore the application of PCM method increases recently.
More very important in the TCM field is the technology that the end of last rolled steel plate and back one rolled steel plate are coupled together.The interconnection technique that is used for TCM comprises solid-state connection and welding.
For welding, in the import department of TCM production line end and next rolled steel plate of last rolled steel plate welded the formation weld seam, make its rolling mill production line then by the back.At this moment, if weldquality is very poor, then weld seam can rupture when the rolling mill production line by the back, may block whole technology.Therefore, for the TCM production line, it all is vital obtaining high-quality weld seam in hot rolling material and cold coiling material.Especially compare with the TCM production line with existing acidleach, the PCM production line is longer, and link wherein is more, therefore to the requirement of the quality standard of welding than the strictness more of existing production line.
Welding example in the TCM production line comprises the flash-butt welding of carrying out short circuit and arc discharge repeatedly, and the laser weld of using the high strength heating source.
The required heat of flash-butt welding is imported very big, is therefore selecting to face problem on the welding material.For example, the bond strength deficiency of electrical sheet, ferritic stainless steel and high-carbon steel can rupture in cold-rolled process once in a while.Particularly the carbon content of high-carbon steel is very high, therefore is considered to be unsuitable for flash-butt welding.In addition, repeat under specific program and condition in this welding, the quality of every weld seam is all inhomogeneous, so its reappearance has problem.
Laser weld has higher energy density, and the input of required heat is less than existing flash-butt welding, therefore obtains splendid welding quality.
But when in TCM technology, high-carbon steel being carried out laser weld, can in weld metal, cause hole and pin hole, also can in weld metal and heat affected area (HAZ), crack.
Carbon content in described hole and pin hole and the welding material is closely related.Known in welding process, the carbon in the motlten metal can with airborne oxygen reaction, produce CO gas.Under the CO gas residue that in the process that motlten metal solidifies, is wrapped, thereby form hole.
Therefore, it is important to reduce the carbon content in the motlten metal, especially can use suitable welding material to eliminate the generation of hole.
The fracture of weld seam is relevant with the hardening of weld seam micro-structural.For high-carbon steel, mainly be because in the process of welding, unexpected heating and cooling process has produced the Ma Shi micro-structural, causes high-carbon steel to rupture in the commissure.Here, the hardening simultaneously of the micro-structural of weld metal and heat affected area makes and must take complicated and various method is remedied this problem.
Be that some carry out the routine techniques that TCM handles to steel below, these technology make the micro-structural hardening of steel.
At first, Japan treats that the publication application has disclosed the heat treatment that a kind of butt welded seam carries out H5-50276 number, and in this heat treatment, according to the carbon content of hot rolled steel plate, in the regular hour, using fixedly, thermal source remains on specific heat treatment temperature with weld seam.Yet according to the time that heat treatment continues, this method will prolong total weld interval.
In treating publication application H5-132719 number, Japan disclosed the technology of another kind of routine.This technology relates to the laser weld weld seam, and then in 1 minute, butt welded seam is handled under the temperature that at least 400 ℃, the highest Ac1 are ordered.Yet, can be under the temperature that at least 400 ℃, the highest Ac1 are ordered, weld with considerable time, to eliminate the micro-structural of hardening fully.Equally,, should in a few minutes after the welding, heat suddenly by butt welded seam, heat-treating, thereby make heat treatment process complicated significantly for unexpected cooling required in the laser weld.
Japan treats the solder technology that the publication application discloses another kind of routine H8-57502 number, and in this technology, the mild steel that will have good solderability inserts between the junction of high-carbon steel.This quantity that makes soldering has increased more than one times than other welding method, and all needs to prepare leader strip at every turn, therefore is unsuitable for large-scale production.
Japan treats that the publication application has disclosed another kind of technology H8-215872 number, in this technology, when laser welded seam by will heated ferrite and pearlitic Mixed Zone the time, butt welded seam cools off.In this laser weld, the sudden change of heating and cooling is faster than arc welding, so weld seam can be converted into ferrite and pearlitic Mixed Zone hardly.Especially, high-carbon steel can serious hardening in welding.
In Japan treats publication application 2000-317642 number, disclosed another kind of routine techniques, in this technology, laser weld has been carried out in the joint portion, then hot rolled steel plate has been heat-treated.Yet in the case, owing to be laser weld, weld seam cools off suddenly, is converted into the Ma Shi micro-structural before heat treatment, thereby produces micro-crack.Therefore this technology almost can't be used for the production line that needs high-quality welding of PCM and so on.
Japan treats the technology that the publication application proposes another kind of routine 2001-353587 number, in this technology, uses filler wire in the junction between the heterogeneous material of high-carbon steel and mild steel.In the method, do not use heat treatment, with laser beam irradiation to mild steel, in case occur crackle in the weld seam.But this technology also can't be eliminated the micro-structural of the hardening that produces in the heat affected area in the high-carbon steel of not fusion.
In treating publication application 2000-317642 number, Japan disclosed the technology of another kind of routine.This technology uses the flash-butt welding butt welded seam to heat-treat.In Japanese Patent Application Publication H5-132719 number, 2000-317642 number and 2004-76159 number, disclosed the technology that butt welded seam heat-treats that similarly is used for, but the method difference that their adopt.The high-carbon steel that these methods all can't guarantee to comprise at least 0.5% carbon obtains the weld seam of stabilised quality.
Although it is a variety of that the above-mentioned technology that connects steel plate in TCM has, these technology all only can be applied to have the high-carbon steel than low carbon content, perhaps do not require the production line of high welding quality.
Therefore, people need a kind of technology, this technology can be used for high-carbon steel that comprises at least 0.5% carbon and steel (high strength steel that for example is used for automobile) that intensity is at least 450MPa are carried out the TCM operation, to guarantee that solder joint has good quality, described steel comprise the sclerosis micro-structural of martensite or bainite and so on after carrying out laser weld, following cooling.
Summary of the invention
Solve the problems referred to above of the prior art by the present invention, therefore one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of method for laser welding, this welding method guarantees that less sclerosis takes place the micro-structural of laser welded seam, guaranteeing stable welding quality, thereby significantly improve the productivity ratio of continuous production processes.
The present invention provides a kind of quantity-produced laser welding apparatus that is used on the other hand, makes the micro-structural of laser welded seam that less sclerosis take place by this equipment, guaranteeing stable welding quality, thereby significantly improves the productivity ratio of continuous production processes.
According to one aspect of the invention, the invention provides and be used in process of continuous producing coiled material, hot rolled steel plate being carried out laser welding method, this method comprises:
Two hot rolled steel plates that low temperature conversion easily takes place are docked mutually;
The part laser weld of described hot rolled steel plate butt joint is got up, form weld seam;
With press the weld seam of hot rolled steel plate is suppressed.
Preferably, the weld seam of described hot rolled steel plate is at Ac
1-Ac
3Temperature under suppress.Preferably, described weld seam is to suppress being equal to or less than under the pressure of 75MPa.Preferably, the ratio that the thickness of weld seam reduces after the compacting is equal to or less than 5.8%.Preferably, use planishing roll vertically to suppress with mode butt welded seam perpendicular to hot rolled steel plate.
The hot rolled steel plate of described easy generation low temperature conversion comprises and is selected from following a kind of steel: the high-carbon steel, two-phase (DP) steel, phase change induction plasticity (TRIP) steel and compound (CP) the mutually steel that comprise the carbon of at least 0.5 weight %.Described high-carbon steel is composed of the following components: the silicon of the carbon of at least 0.5 weight %, 0.1-0.5 weight %, the manganese of 0.3-0.6 weight %, the phosphorus that is up to 0.05 weight %, the sulphur that is up to 0.05 weight %, the copper that is up to 0.5 weight %, the nickel that is up to 3 weight %, the chromium of 0.05-0.5 weight %, the aluminium of at least 0.05 weight %, surplus is iron and unavoidable impurities.
Preferably, the material that is used to weld comprises: contain the carbon steel of the chromium of the carbon that is up to 1 weight % and 0-1.22 weight %, perhaps comprise the nickel alloy of the chromium of the carbon that is up to 0.1 weight and 0-1.22 weight %.The described material that is used to weld comprises and is selected from a kind of of wire, powder and film.
Preferably, before laser weld, the butted part of hot rolled steel plate is preheated to 600-800 ℃.Preferably, after laser weld, be heated to 800-1100 ℃ behind the weld seam with butted part.
Described process of continuous producing coiled material comprise be selected from following a kind of: acidleach and tandem rolling mill production line, acidleach and the production line that oils, annealing and acidleach production line, acidleach production line and tandem rolling mill production line.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of sheet material of laser weld, this sheet material comprises easily by laser weld generation low temperature conversion, and seam and be equal to or less than the hot rolled steel plate of 90Hv with the nonhomogeneous hardness between the adjacent part of seam.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the invention provides a kind of laser welding apparatus that is used for continuous production processes, this equipment is fit to be used for the hot rolled steel plate of commute low temperature conversion and carries out laser weld.Described laser welding apparatus comprises and is used for the laser soldering device of welding hot-rolled steel plate; Be used for the weld seam of hot rolled steel plate being carried out the preheating device of preheating at the front end of described welder; Be used for hot rolled steel plate being carried out the post heating device that heat the back at the end of described welder; The press of the weld seam of hot rolled steel plate being suppressed at the end of described post heating device.
Description of drawings
Read following detailed description the in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the above purpose that the present invention may be better understood, feature and other purpose, feature and other advantage, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the hardness distribution of laser welded seam of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of exemplary laser welding apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the figure that shows laser welded seam thermal cycle of the present invention;
Fig. 4 carries out according to the present invention after the laser weld, hardness with the diagram that changes of stressed variation;
Fig. 5 carries out the picture that PCM handles laser welded seam afterwards according to the present invention to the SK85 steel.
The specific embodiment
Describe illustrative embodiments of the present invention below with reference to accompanying drawings in detail.
In this specification, " hot rolled steel plate of low temperature conversion easily takes place " represents some hot rolled steel plates, and when by laser weld they being coupled together the formation weld seam, when cooling off then, the micro-structural of the weld seam of these hot rolled steel plates transforms at low temperatures.Described low temperature conversion micro-structural represents to comprise the micro-structural of martensite and bainite.The described hot rolled steel plate that low temperature conversion easily takes place after laser weld also comprises high-carbon steel or high strength steel.
Described high-carbon steel represents to comprise the steel of the carbon of at least 0.5 weight %.For example, described high-carbon steel is composed of the following components: the silicon of the carbon of at least 0.5 weight %, 0.1-0.5 weight %, the manganese of 0.3-0.6 weight %, the phosphorus that is up to 0.05 weight %, the sulphur that is up to 0.05 weight %, the copper that is up to 0.5 weight %, the nickel that is up to 3 weight %, the chromium of 0.05-0.5 weight %, the aluminium of at least 0.05 weight %, surplus is iron and unavoidable impurities.In the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, percentage is represented percetage by weight.According to the present invention, the steel that comprises at least 0.5% carbon can be regarded as and is included within the high-carbon steel scope.In this article, can add the alloying element of Mo, V, Ti, W, B, Nb and Sb and so on to high-carbon steel, so that high-carbon steel has special function.
The steel of low temperature conversion for example easily takes place in the steel that it is 450MPa that described high-carbon steel is designed to tensile strength, be mainly used in automobile.The example that the steel of low temperature conversion easily takes place comprises two-phase (DP) steel, phase change induction plasticity (TRIP) steel and compound (CP) mutually steel.High strength steel is considered to easily take place the steel of low temperature conversion usually.Dual phase steel comprises be ductile ferrite and hard martensite feature two mutually.Dual phase steel has been guaranteed good machinability and high strength with alloying element seldom.Simultaneously, the TRIP steel is by ductility ferrite, hard bainite with at high temperature be in metastable austenite and form.In the TRIP steel, metastable austenite is converted into adamantine martensite mutually.The CP steel infiltrates in martensite or the bainite micro-structural.The steel of easy generation low temperature conversion mentioned above after laser weld, its micro-structural generation inversion of phases.
As mentioned above, at high-carbon steel or easily take place in the steel of low temperature conversion, when these steel are carried out laser weld, then cooling the time, the micro-structural of weld seam at low temperatures inversion of phases for for example having the martensite or the bainite of very strong fragility.In this way, the low temperature conversion micro-structural in the weld seam cracks or ruptures.
In addition, in this specification, " weld seam " is illustrated in the process of continuous producing coiled material, when the end of last hot rolling material is got up with back one hot rolling material laser weld, and formed coupling part.Here, weld seam comprises the motlten metal that is solidified then by laser fusion, and by the heat affected area (HAZ) of the thermal source of laser influence.
In addition, in this specification, " process of continuous producing coiled material " is illustrated in continuous producing coiled material in hot rolling or the rolling mill production line.Here, described continuous production processes comprises the polishing that the hot rolled steel plate that links together is polished, and perhaps all are produced continuously and handle, and for example molten zinc plating is handled or annealing in process.
At first, according to one aspect of the invention, will test the reason that detects generation sclerosis in the weld seam based on micro-structural test that the laser welded seam with low temperature conversion micro-structural is carried out and Erichsen.
The inventor has proved that harden respectively mainly in weld metal and heat affected area because martensite, bainite and carbide cause.
Use compact technique by butt welded seam, the chemical composition of control weld seam, and with the weld seam heat treated to certain degree, can remove the micro-structural of this sclerosis to a certain extent.
The present invention proposes after processing in suppress weld seam, reduce the carbon content of weld metal less than the welding material of hot rolled steel plate by using carbon content, and butt welded seam heat-treats, to reduce the method for hardness.
The quality of the weld seam of micro-structural sclerosis not only is subjected to the influence of above-mentioned weld hardness, but also is subjected to the influence that its overall hardness distributes.
That is to say, can reduce the hardness of high-carbon steel weld seam to a certain extent by heat treatment.Yet as shown in Figure 1, difference appears in the hardness of weld seam and hot rolled steel plate, therefore almost can't be able to meet the weldquality of described standard.
Therefore, according to the present invention, butt welded seam is heat-treated and is suppressed, to reduce its hardenability.In addition, shown in arrow among Fig. 1, handle the overall hardness that also makes weld seam by these and distribute trend evenly, thereby the steel that has guaranteed easy generation low temperature conversion has stable weldquality.
In addition, in the continuous production processes of PCM and so on,, can prolong weld interval, thereby reduce overall manufacturing speed if welding and heat treatment are carried out independently.In addition, the increase of carbon content can cause heat treatment time to prolong in the hot rolled steel plate.
Therefore,, as shown in Figure 1,, annealing device and press are designed to combine with welder, thereby can the weld seam of hot rolled steel plate be welded, heat treatment and compacting in order to address these problems according to the present invention.
In the narration about Fig. 2, welding equipment of the present invention is made up of welder 10, annealing device 20 and press 30 substantially.These three devices integrate.Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that shows welding equipment of the present invention, and these devices do not combine among the figure.But therefore the structure that can these equipment are designed to combine by existing technical method no longer describes in detail.
When using welding equipment of the present invention that the hot rolled steel plate that moves is welded together, at first the front end of next hot rolling 40 and the end on of a last hot rolling 50 are got up, after with preheater 22 heating, weld by welder 10.Use 24 pairs of weld seams 60 that hot rolled steel plate is coupled together of post-heater to carry out the back heating.Make the weld seam cooling by post heating device 24 then, make the press 30 in its downstream by closely being installed in post heating device 24, thereby weld back thermal conversion (PWHD) or compacting.
In the present invention, the heat treatment of butt welded seam and compacting are preferably carried out together, but also can independently carry out or carry out selectively.
When using welding equipment of the present invention to weld the hot rolled steel plate that moves, these steel plates also make welding equipment move.Here, hot rolled steel plate can move along the direction identical or opposite with welding equipment.When hot rolled steel plate moved along the direction identical with welding equipment, preferably, the speed that described hot rolled steel plate moves was identical with welding equipment, and perhaps hot rolled steel plate moves sooner.
Fig. 3 shows when use removable welding equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention welds the figure of the thermal cycle process of the weld seam of hot rolled steel plate and micro-structural state subsequently thereof.
The present invention proposes a kind of sclerosis of controlling weld seam, thereby the hot rolled steel plate with low temperature conversion micro-structural is implemented the method for continuous production processes.This method comprises that chemical composition, the butt welded seam of controlling weld seam heat-treat and suppress.
Hereinafter will make an explanation to these methods.
At first will explain the method for control weld seam chemical composition.
This method is used for controlling the material that is used to weld that comprises most of motlten metal.Preferably, the described material that is used to weld is provided to weld seam 60 by filler feeding mechanism 16, and the material that is used to weld comprises substantially and is up to 0.1% carbon and the chromium of 0-1.22%.This material that is used to weld adopts carbon steel and the nickel alloy with high-tensile.Because carbon steel can guarantee more stable welding quality, be preferred therefore.
When not adopting best welding parameter, the material of being made up of stainless steel and nickel alloy that is used to weld reduces the wellability of high-carbon steel (being host material), and the host material element is arranged, and dilution is wherein fully.This makes weld seam become very crisp sometimes.But the present invention is not limited to nickel alloy.
Preferably, according to the present invention, described weld metal is mixed with to comprise and is up to 0.4% carbon.This is because in laser weld, the material fusion that is used for welding of minute quantity is also inserted weld seam, makes host material be diluted in wherein with bigger ratio (comparing with the arc welding of routine).
For example, when described hot rolled steel plate is when comprising the high-carbon steel of at least 0.85% carbon, the material that is used to weld should comprise the carbon that is up to 0.1 weight % approximately, thereby is set under 30% the situation in that dilution rate is the highest, remains on the carbon content in the weld metal the highest by 0.4%.
In addition, near weld metal and heat affected area, the carbon reaction in Cr and the hot rolled steel plate generates chromium carbide.Therefore the described material that is used to weld should preferably comprise and is up to 1.22% chromium.
Therefore, according to the present invention, preferably, the material that is used to weld that described welder provides is carbon steel or the nickel alloy that comprises the chromium that is up to 0.1% carbon and 0-1.22%.The main composition of carbon steel and nickel alloy is respectively iron and nickel.The spendable material that is used to weld can be the carbon steel or the nickel alloy of routine that satisfies the condition of above-mentioned carbon and chromium according to the present invention.The described material that is used to weld is preferably form wiry, but also can adopt the form of powder or film.
Hereinafter will explain the method that butt welded seam is heat-treated.
In the present invention, the heat treatment of butt welded seam is divided into preheating and back heating.Before welding, carry out preheating, in case crackle appears in solder joint, after welding, carry out the back heat treated, to alleviate the sclerosis of solder joint.
The hot rolled steel plate that is easy to low temperature conversion is being carried out when laser weld and butt welded seam only carry out post processing, therefore weld seam cooling fast after welding, before the heating of back might cause welding seam breaking.
Therefore, the welding material of preferred commute generation low temperature conversion carries out preheating, to alleviate the quick cooling that causes owing to laser weld.
When in one embodiment of the present invention, using removable annealing device, if preheat temperature only a little more than martensite conversion temperature (Ms), welding material can't play one's part to the full, and therefore preferably should be preheated to the temperature that is higher than this temperature.
Therefore, according to one embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the weld seam of high-carbon steel is preheated to 600-800 ℃.The highest 600 ℃ preheat temperature can't be guaranteed the hot rolled steel plate preheating time enough that will move therefore can make that the quality of weld seam is satisfactory inadequately.On the other hand, at least 800 ℃ preheat temperature can make weld seam owing to excessive heat input is out of shape, and makes weld seam not nearly enough solid.
In addition, according to the present invention, the back heating of butt welded seam is carried out in two ways.
First kind of mode is tempering, in this mode, is being equal to or less than under the temperature of Ac1 butt welded seam and carries out back and heat in the long time, martensite microstructure is converted into the martensite of tempering, thereby it is ductile.
The second way is in laser weld ACTIVE CONTROL to be carried out in heat of cooling circulation, and weld seam is converted into ferrite and pearlite micro-structural.
The tempering method needs long heat treatment, therefore guarantees to have sufficient ductility.But in the coil production line with very fast throughput rate, this tediously long back heating can reduce productivity ratio.Therefore, in the laser welding system of using removable thermal source, more preferably after laser weld, alleviate the mode of cool cycles.
Preferably will be heated to 800-1100 ℃ behind the weld seam, more preferably be heated to 950-1100 ℃.According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably butt welded seam carries out the back heating under the condition of set time not, and it is cooled off naturally.
When after when being heated to the highest 800 ℃ temperature because the heat input is not enough, after cooling, can in weld seam, produce martensite microstructure, make and reduce the effect deficiency of hardening.On the other hand,, can the micro-structural roughening of weld seam perhaps partly produce martensite, make the physical property variation of weld seam because the input of excessive heat make with sclerosis micro-structural if the back heating-up temperature is at least 1100 ℃.
To explain the method that described weld seam is suppressed at last.
If the high-temperature area according to butt welded seam of the present invention is suppressed,, will significantly reduce its hardness with the heat treatment phase ratio.
To just at Ac
1To Ac
3Temperature under the weld seam that cools off suppress.The compacting of carrying out under this temperature will reduce austenitic size, be easy to described weld seam is converted into ferrite and pearlite micro-structural.
In addition, also can make heat affected area sclerosis being equal to or less than the compacting of carrying out under the temperature of Ac1, hardness be increased to a certain degree, thereby make the overall hardness of tie point distribute trend evenly.
Preferably, in the process of cooling hot-rolled steel plate, when the temperature of this hot rolled steel plate is Ac
1To Ac
3The time, with the pressure that is equal to or less than 75 MPas it is suppressed.The pressure of at least 75 MPas makes seam deformation, causes a small amount of fracture at its low-temperature region.
In addition, be in the cooling procedure after to welding, weld seam is converted into martensite or the steel of bainite micro-structural when suppressing, the reduction rate of throat depth is equal to or less than 5.8%.
As mentioned above, in the optical means of controlling the sclerosis of high-carbon steel weld seam according to the present invention, the Vickers hardness difference (Hv) between weld seam and the host material (being hot rolled steel plate) is equal to or less than 90Hv.If as mentioned above, the nonhomogeneous hardness of hot rolled steel plate is 90Hv, and then this hot rolled steel plate can be produced continuously in requiring high-intensity continuous production processes and can not rupture.This can not influence the distortion in the weld seam yet.The present invention preferably can be used for the hot rolled steel plate that thickness is the 0.5-6 millimeter.
Laser weld of the present invention can be used for the method for all continuous producing coiled material, and these methods comprise for example acidleach and tandem cold rolling (PCM) production line, acidleach and the production line that oils (POL), annealing and acidleach production line (APL), acidleach production line (PL) and tandem cold rolling (TCM) production line.
Below will be by the form of explanation of embodiment preferred implementation of the present invention.
Explain embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with high-carbon steel, high-carbon steel is a kind of steel of micro-structural sclerosis.But be readily appreciated that scope of the present invention is not limited to high-carbon steel.
Embodiment
These embodiment use the hot rolled steel plate with high-carbon steel of forming shown in the table 1.The thickness of hot rolled steel plate is 2.0 millimeters, and the use peak power output is 12 kilowatts CO
2Laser soldering device welds.These embodiment use has the wire filler (0.9 millimeter) of the low-carbon (LC) chemical composition shown in the table 1 as welding material.
Table 1
Adopt described laser soldering device with these hot rolled steel plate laser weld under certain condition, make weld seam not contain the weld defect that Kong Wei fills up and so on.Here, the power output of laser instrument is 8.4kW, and bonding speed is 4.5 meters/minute, the junction be spaced apart 0.15 millimeter.
Use has the high-frequency induction furnace of the heating source of 20w * 200lmm, by changing output, moves along sealing wire, and butt welded seam is heat-treated.
Respectively with the rate of heat addition of about 100 ℃/s, be preheated to 723 ℃ and after be heated to 1005 ℃ of butt welded seams and heat-treat, cool off naturally then (air cooling).
In heat treatment of welds, with R type pyrometer means of spot welds at the welded edge place, to measure thermal history by the weld seam of high-frequency induction furnace heating.The maximum temperature that obtains from the thermal history curve is defined as heat treatment temperature.
The width that use is installed in heat treatment apparatus downstream, back is that 20 millimeters mobile roller is suppressed.Butt welded seam is suppressed after welding and heat treatment.
The weld seam that obtains according to above-mentioned condition has reached the standard of PCM production line: Erichsen and highly has been equal to or greater than 4 millimeters.Therefore, measure quality with the Erichsen tester.In order to estimate the quality of weld seam, the plastic property of weld bead Deformation Height before occurring until the crack is measured.
At first, table 2 has shown the quality evaluation result to the SK85 steel that comprises 0.85% carbon.
Table 2
Annotate)
HC*......... heat-treat condition
PC**............ pressure (MPa)
HH***............ weld seam maximum hardness (Hv)
HD****...... nonhomogeneous hardness (Hv) (weld seam-host material)
EH*****......Erichsen height (millimeter)
As shown in table 2, when the weld seam of SK85 steel does not obtain heat treated the time, this weld seam cracks after welding at once, so can't obtain to satisfy the weld seam of this standard.
In addition, when only carry out preheating and after when adding a kind of operation of pining for, weld seam can't obtain qualified quality.
On the contrary, when preheating of the present invention and postheating operation all carried out, a kind of situation of operation increased with respect to only using wherein to find the quality of weld seam.
Change pressure, above-mentioned treated weld seam is suppressed.
Fig. 4 has shown when the weld seam of SK85 steel is suppressed, along weld seam hardness distribution longitudinally.
The increase of pressure causes the raising of Erichsen height and quality.
As shown in Figure 4, reduced the highest hardness and the nonhomogeneous hardness of weld seam, made that the hardness in the whole welding line distributes more even by compacting.
The pressure that is equal to or less than 75 MPas can increase the Erichsen height linearly.But the pressure that is equal to or greater than 75 MPas can make the weld seam gross distortion, makes the low-temperature space overvulcanization, produces micro-crack.
As shown in Figure 4, the pressure of 0MPa also can enlarge markedly the hardness in the motlten metal, reduces the hardness in the heat affected area relatively.But have been found that when pressure when 30MPa increases to 75MPa, the nonhomogeneous hardness gradient of weld seam is less, therefore along weld seam longitudinally hardness distribute more even.
Table 3 has shown the quality evaluation result to the S50C steel that comprises 0.5% C.
Table 3
Annotate)
HT* heat treatment
PC** pressure (MPa)
The TRR*** throat depth reduces ratio
HH**** weld seam highest hardness (Hv)
HD***** difference of hardness (Hv) (weld seam-host material)
EH******Erichsen height (mm)
As can be seen from Table 3, under the situation of not considering welding material and heat treating process, the laser weld of S50C steel is better than generally the quality of SK85 steel.
In addition, as shown in table 3, discovery is converted into the steel of martensite or bainite micro-structural for weld seam, in the time of cooling after welding, when under the temperature of Ac1 to Ac3 it being suppressed, its welding quality is very excellent, and thickness is reduced to and is equal to or less than 5.8%.
This obviously is owing to comprise lower C content in the steel, so hardenability is less causes.
Highly increase of Erichsen, highest hardness and nonhomogeneous hardness take place as SK85 and diminish, thereby significantly improved welding quality when welding compacting then in described steel.
Above disclosed the preferred embodiment of the present invention.But the present invention is not limited to the welding condition of the continuous production processes that is used for high-carbon steel described in these embodiment.The various welding conditions of the continuous production processes that the present invention can be used for being included in the scope of the present invention.
As mentioned above, according to exemplified embodiment of the present invention, the welding condition that a kind of laser weld that is used for continuous production processes provides people not adopt as yet, thus can produce steel plate continuously with low temperature conversion micro-structural.
In addition, in an embodiment, the reliable Laser Welding contact in order to ensure not containing weld defect welds together hot rolled steel plate, comprises the steel of at least 0.5% carbon with continuous production.In addition, as shown in Figure 5, the present invention can produce continuously and can not produce fracture in laser welded seam.
In addition, except the present invention, no matter how many carbon contents in the steel is, can shorten to common steel weld interval required 25 seconds.This can significantly improve the productivity ratio of continuous production processes.
In addition, under welding condition of the present invention, the steel that low temperature conversion takes place easily can tolerate the very strong compression load power that puts on continuous production processes, and the tension force between the shelf, thereby can produce continuously with the weld seam of non-cracking.
Although showed in conjunction with preferred implementation and described the present invention, those skilled in the art can see apparently, can under the prerequisite of the spirit and scope of the invention that does not deviate from appended claims and limited it be made amendment and change.
Claims (13)
1. method for laser welding that in process of continuous producing coiled material, is used for hot rolled steel plate, this method comprises:
Two hot rolled steel plates that low temperature conversion easily takes place are docked mutually;
The part laser weld of described hot rolled steel plate butt joint is got up, form weld seam;
At A
C1To A
C3Temperature under the weld seam of hot rolled steel plate is suppressed with the pressure that is equal to or less than 75MPa with press.
2. method for laser welding as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the thickness of the weld seam after the described compacting reduces to be equal to or less than 5.8% ratio.
3. method for laser welding as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, uses planishing roll along suppressing perpendicular to the direction butt welded seam of hot rolled steel plate.
4. method for laser welding as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the hot rolled steel plate of described easy generation low temperature conversion comprise be selected from following a kind of: the high-carbon steel, two-phase (DP) steel, phase change induction plasticity (TRIP) steel and compound (CP) the mutually steel that comprise the carbon of at least 0.5 weight %.
5. method for laser welding as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described high-carbon steel is composed of the following components: the silicon of the carbon of at least 0.5 weight %, 0.1-0.5 weight %, the manganese of 0.3-0.6 weight %, the phosphorus that is up to 0.05 weight %, the sulphur that is up to 0.05 weight %, the copper that is up to 0.5 weight %, the nickel that is up to 3 weight %, the chromium of 0.05-0.5 weight %, the aluminium of at least 0.05 weight %, surplus is iron and unavoidable impurities.
6. as each described method for laser welding of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, the material that is used to weld comprises: contain the carbon steel of the chromium of the carbon that is up to 1 weight % and 0-1.22 weight %, perhaps comprise the nickel alloy of the chromium of the carbon that is up to 0.1 weight % and 0-1.22 weight %.
7. method for laser welding as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the described material that is used to weld comprises and is selected from a kind of of wire, powder and film.
8. as each described method for laser welding of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, before carrying out laser weld, the butted part of described hot rolled steel plate is preheated to 600-800 ℃.
9. method for laser welding as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, after laser weld, is heated to 800-1100 ℃ behind the weld seam with butted part.
10. method for laser welding as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, after laser weld, is heated to 800-1100 ℃ behind the weld seam with butted part.
11. method for laser welding as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, at Ac
1To Ac
3Temperature, be equal to or less than under the pressure of 75MPa, butt welded seam is suppressed.
12. method for laser welding as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described process of continuous producing coiled material comprise be selected from following a kind of: acidleach and tandem rolling mill production line, acidleach and the production line that oils, annealing and acidleach production line, acidleach production line and tandem rolling mill production line.
13. method for laser welding as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the hot rolled steel plate of described easy generation low temperature conversion weld seam and and the weld seam adjacent part between nonhomogeneous hardness be equal to or less than 90Hv.
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| DE102007054876A1 (en) * | 2006-11-22 | 2008-06-19 | Sms Demag Ag | Method and device for heat treatment of welds |
| CN102615428B (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2015-09-30 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | The method for laser welding of steel plate and laser soldering device |
| CN102107329A (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2011-06-29 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Laser welding method for bluing steel strip |
| KR101277943B1 (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2013-06-27 | 주식회사 포스코 | Welding apparatus of non-oriented electrical steels with excellent formability of welding part |
| WO2013014481A1 (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-31 | Arcelormittal Investigación Y Desarrollo Sl | Hot-formed previously welded steel part with very high mechanical resistance, and production method |
| CN103028850B (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2015-09-23 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of injection welding method of sheet metal |
| KR101371273B1 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2014-03-10 | 주식회사 성우하이텍 | Jig device for laser heat treatment |
| KR101360525B1 (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2014-02-10 | 주식회사 포스코 | Joint of high manganese steel-common steel and method for manufacturing high manganese steel |
| CN102796863A (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2012-11-28 | 宁夏共享集团有限责任公司 | Method used for local postweld heat treatment of large-size steel casting after rewelding |
| US10124441B2 (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2018-11-13 | Magna International Inc. | Laser metal deposition welding of automotive parts |
| CN103506848A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2014-01-15 | 苏州安洁科技股份有限公司 | Combined device for precision machining |
| CN104439738A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-25 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Method for welding oriented silicon steel through Taylor welder and enabling weld joint to smoothly pass through rolling mill |
| US20200298303A1 (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2020-09-24 | Aleris Rolled Products Germany Gmbh | Method of manufacturing continuous cast aluminium alloy strip of variable width |
| JP6736941B2 (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2020-08-05 | 中国電力株式会社 | Welding method of steel member and welding material |
| CN105904092A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-08-31 | 武汉钢铁股份有限公司 | Meidum- and high-carbon steel plate laser welding method and device |
| CN106735900A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-05-31 | 北京首钢冷轧薄板有限公司 | A kind of method of laser welding |
| US10889872B2 (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2021-01-12 | Kennametal Inc. | Tool steel articles from additive manufacturing |
| KR102045642B1 (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-11-15 | 주식회사 포스코 | Lser welding method for endless hot rolling |
| CN110936103A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2020-03-31 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Laser welding method and application of high-silicon steel hot rolled plate |
| JP7006632B2 (en) * | 2019-02-07 | 2022-02-10 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Steel strip joining method and steel strip joining device |
| JP7126097B2 (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2022-08-26 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Steel plate butt welding method |
| CN110640315A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2020-01-03 | 江苏大学 | Laser welding method and device with additional variable frequency magnetic field |
| CN112251571B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2022-07-26 | 新余钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for reducing chromium-containing high-carbon steel acid pickling continuous rolling strip breakage rate |
| CN114054954B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2024-02-20 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Cold continuous rolling unit 410 martensitic stainless steel welding and heat treatment method |
| CN115319429B (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-02-03 | 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 | Method for crystallizing both welding seam area and base material area of titanium or titanium alloy welding plate |
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Address after: Seoul, South Kerean Patentee after: POSCO Holdings Co.,Ltd. Address before: Gyeongbuk, South Korea Patentee before: POSCO |
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Effective date of registration: 20230425 Address after: Gyeongbuk, South Korea Patentee after: POSCO Co.,Ltd. Address before: Seoul, South Kerean Patentee before: POSCO Holdings Co.,Ltd. |