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CN100560235C - Biogas residue drying and dehydration type municipal solid waste biological and incineration integrated process - Google Patents

Biogas residue drying and dehydration type municipal solid waste biological and incineration integrated process Download PDF

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CN100560235C
CN100560235C CNB2006100518641A CN200610051864A CN100560235C CN 100560235 C CN100560235 C CN 100560235C CN B2006100518641 A CNB2006100518641 A CN B2006100518641A CN 200610051864 A CN200610051864 A CN 200610051864A CN 100560235 C CN100560235 C CN 100560235C
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incineration
anaerobic fermentation
recyclables
incinerator
sent
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CN1857802A (en
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张志霄
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NANJING LVZHAN ENERGY CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种沼渣干燥脱水型城市生活垃圾生物与焚烧处理集成工艺。目前技术很难从根本上解决垃圾处理的现存问题。本发明的步骤是:破袋;分选;分选出的焚烧用可回收物送入焚烧炉进行焚烧处理,产生的烟气净化后达标排放;分选出的有机物和收集的垃圾渗沥液,送入厌氧发酵罐进行厌氧发酵生物处理,发酵产生的沼气经净化处理后用作燃料,发酵产生的沼渣干燥后送入焚烧炉焚化。本发明方法由于对沼渣干燥,使得沼液的达标处理非常容易;通过焚烧使得物料适应性强、二次污染少,可提升垃圾处理的效率和效益。The invention relates to an integrated biogas residue drying and dehydration type municipal solid waste biology and incineration treatment process. Current technology is difficult to fundamentally solve the existing problems of garbage disposal. The steps of the present invention are: bag breaking; sorting; the sorted recyclables for incineration are sent to the incinerator for incineration treatment, and the generated flue gas is purified and discharged up to the standard; the sorted organic matter and collected garbage leachate , sent to anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation biological treatment, the biogas produced by fermentation is used as fuel after purification, and the biogas residue produced by fermentation is dried and sent to incinerator for incineration. Because the method of the invention dries the biogas residue, it is very easy to treat the biogas slurry up to the standard; through incineration, the material has strong adaptability and less secondary pollution, and the efficiency and benefit of garbage treatment can be improved.

Description

Biological and the burning disposal integrated technique of dewatered city domestic garbage
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of urban garbage disposal technology, relate in particular to the biological and burning disposal integrated technique of a kind of dewatered city domestic garbage.
Background technology
Along with quickening of urbanization process, urban population quantity is constantly expanded, and the generation of domestic waste increases rapidly.Methods such as main at present technology of garbage disposal that adopts such as landfill, compost, burning, and anaerobic fermentation technology fails to popularize in developing country owing to reasons such as operation and construction cost height always.
Traditional garbage loading embeading is handled, and not only takies a large amount of soils, but also can produce as percolate the pollution of water body, the secondary pollutions such as landfill gas discharging in the landfill process.
Because China's rubbish is mixed collection, use the compost of producing without the house refuse of the pre-mixed collection that sorts, fertilizer efficiency is low, impurity is many, content of beary metal is high, cost is high, market outlet is poor, and not good to the treatment effects poisonous, harmful substance such as pathogen in the rubbish, can not make rubbish thoroughly innoxious.
Because moisture height, the calorific value of the primary domestic waste of China are low, directly adopt burning disposal technology, in order to promote fire box temperature, need to add a large amount of auxiliary fuels, auxiliary fuel consumes with station service power consumption rate all higher, and therefore hot income is not high, makes such enterprise relying on government subsidy too much.The direct burning of primary composting also can produce danger wastes such as poisonous lime-ash, particularly flying dust, and imperfect combustion product and noxious material content are higher in the tail gas, and surrounding environment is caused secondary pollution.In addition, excessive interpolation auxiliary fuel does not meet China's regenerative resource policy yet.
Anaerobic fermentation can produce valuable biogas, and secondary pollution is few, is favored by developed country always.But because the anaerobic fermentation cycle is long, it is big jar to hold, the compost deodorization is large-minded behind the fertile soil, station service is high, and natural pond slag mechanical dehydration need consume the flocculating agent and the defoamer of a large amount of costlinesses, the dehydration natural pond liquid processing cost of high COD is high, there is the market outlet problem too in its natural pond slag muck fertilizer, so in developing country the application achievement is arranged seldom.
Therefore, single technology of garbage disposal is difficult to fundamentally solve the existing problem of garbage disposal, and for the resource, minimizing, the innoxious target that realize garbage disposal, it is imperative to seek new trash processing way.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of treatment effeciency height, the little biological and integrated New Process for Treatment of burning of domestic waste of secondary pollution are provided.
The present invention comprises following steps and content:
Step 1: primary domestic waste is carried out broken bag.
Step 2: the rubbish after the broken bag is carried out physical separation, be divided into organic matter, inorganic matter, burning with Recyclable and recovery Recyclable.
Described burning comprises yarn fabric and wooden bamboo in the Recyclable with Recyclable, reclaims with Recyclable to comprise except that burning with all the other Recyclables the Recyclable.Recovery is directly carried out resource reutilization with Recyclable; Inorganic matter sanitary landfills or as the building materials raw material after collecting.
Step 3: with the burning Recyclable in the step 2, send into incinerator and carry out burning disposal, the incinerator fire box temperature is 800-950 ℃, and gas residence time is more than 2 seconds.The high-temperature flue gas that incinerator produces after waste heat recovery, qualified discharge after smoke eliminator purifies; The lime-ash that burn to produce sanitary landfills or as the building materials raw material after collecting.
Step 4: the organic matter in the step 2 is sent into anaerobic fermentation tank carry out the anaerobic fermentation of biological processing, fermentation temperature is 35-55 ℃.
Step 5: the biogas that the anaerobic fermentation in the step 4 produces is used as fuel after purified treatment; The natural pond slag that fermentation produces, the incinerator of sending into step 3 after the waste heat drying that utilization is reclaimed burns.The steam condensate that the natural pond slag evaporates enters sewage-treatment plant, discharging after processing up to standard; Fixed gas is delivered to incinerator and is incinerated, or after deodorization device purifies qualified discharge.
Step 6: with the garbage leachate that produces in step 1 and the step 2, the anaerobic fermentation tank of sending into after collecting in the step 4 carries out the anaerobic fermentation of biological processing.
Sorting process is selected the appropriate combination of sorting machineries such as magnetic separator, screening machine, winnowing machine, water concentrator, and this technology is a mature technology, is widely used in the municipal refuse branch and chooses.
According to the sorting technique of " People's Republic of China's prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid wastes method " enforcement manual to component of refuse, domestic waste can be divided into organic matter, inorganic matter and Recyclable three classes.Wherein organic matter comprises animal, plant; Inorganic matter comprises dirt, brick and tile and pottery; Recyclable comprises stationery, plastics, rubber, yarn fabric, glass, metal, wooden bamboo and other.
The present invention separately handles the high heating value rubbish in the composting and organic matter, to organic matter with ooze drop liquid and carry out a biological disposal upon earlier, again will dewatered back merges with high heating value rubbish and carries out burning disposal.Biological and the burning disposal integrated technique of dewatered city domestic garbage can reach desirable treatment effect to domestic waste, can follow minimizing, resource and innoxious treatment principle, can also promote the efficient and the benefit of garbage disposal.
Biological and the burning disposal integrated technique of dewatered city domestic garbage of the present invention, compared with prior art, its advantage is:
(1) to the drying dehydration process of natural pond slag, replace the single-stage or the multi-stage mechanical dewatering process of conventional anaerobic ferment process historic, breakthroughly, saved the flocculating agent and the defoamer of a large amount of costlinesses.
(2) to the drying dehydration process of natural pond slag, sewage disposal can be difficult to biodegradable COD and stay in the dry thing, the small organic molecule that evaporates on a small quantity in the slag steam condensate of natural pond is easy to through conventional sewage treatment process qualified discharge.
(3), the drying and dehydrating of natural pond slag there has been the thermal source guarantee because integrated anaerobic fermentation and burning process.
(4) owing to combine burning process, to the natural pond slag after the organic anaerobic fermentation of biological processing, after the drying processed, send into incinerator and burn, solved the problem of outlet of natural pond slag, and can this point determine exactly rubbish biological treatment plant normally move vital deciding factor.
(5) owing to combine burning process, dried natural pond slag is sent into incinerator and is burned, and makes the organic matter that enters anaerobic fermentation tank need not careful sorting, allows to contain more impurity, makes sorting process to simplify greatly.
(6), ooze drop liquid and send into anaerobic fermentation tank and carry out anaerobic fermentation of biological and handle owing to combine biological treatment.
(7) carry out burning disposal to burning with Recyclable, because this part refuse thermal value is very high, incinerator no longer relies on auxiliary fuel, and this has reduced energy pressure to lacking the imported city of energy of the few oil of coal.
(8) rubbish that part is sorted out reclaims, and has improved the resource level of garbage disposal.
(9) the waste incineration factory of the present invention to having built, sorting and biological treatment factory before can nearby building in addition reach enforcement purpose of the present invention.
(10) the rubbish biological processing plant of the present invention to having built can nearby build in addition and burn factory, reaches enforcement purpose of the present invention.
(11) the present invention no longer relies on auxiliary fuel, and secondary pollution is few, and the utilization efficiency of heat energy height meets current regenerative resource policy, meets circular economy concept.
The specific embodiment
Below specify the present invention by three embodiment.
Embodiment one:
After 1000 tons/day of primary domestic wastes are carried out broken bag, send into separation system, rubbish need be divided into organic matter, inorganic matter, burning with Recyclable and recovery Recyclable by handling by sorting mechanical compositions such as magnetic separator, screening machine, winnowing machine, water concentrators.Wherein burn with Recyclable and comprise yarn fabric and wooden bamboo; Organic matter comprises animal, plant.Recovery comprises metal, glass, stationery, plastics, rubber and other with Recyclable, can directly carry out resource reutilization.Inorganic matter comprises dirt, brick and tile and pottery, sanitary landfills after collecting.
Burning is sent into incinerator with Recyclable and is carried out burning disposal.The incinerator fire box temperature is 800 ℃, and gas residence time is 2 seconds.The high-temperature flue gas that incinerator produces after waste heat recovery, qualified discharge after smoke eliminator purifies; Burn the lime-ash sanitary landfills after collecting that produces.
Organic matter is sent into anaerobic fermentation tank and is carried out the anaerobic fermentation of biological processing, and fermentation temperature is controlled at 35 ℃.
The biogas that anaerobic fermentation produces after purified treatment as gas supply; The natural pond slag that fermentation produces, the steam that utilizes incinerator to produce carries out drying, and dried natural pond slag is sent into incinerator and is carried out burning disposal.The water vapour that evaporates in the slag dry run of natural pond is pumped to sewage treatment plant after condensation is collected, fixed gas is qualified discharge after deodorization device purifies.
The garbage leachate that each stage of garbage disposal produces is sent into anaerobic fermentation tank and is carried out biological resolution process after collecting.
Embodiment two:
After 500 tons/day of primary domestic wastes are carried out broken bag, send into separation system, rubbish need be divided into organic matter, inorganic matter, burning with Recyclable and recovery Recyclable by handling by sorting mechanical compositions such as magnetic separator, screening machine, winnowing machine, water concentrators.Wherein burn with Recyclable and comprise yarn fabric and wooden bamboo; Organic matter comprises animal, plant.Recovery comprises metal, glass, stationery, plastics, rubber and other with Recyclable, can directly carry out resource reutilization.Inorganic matter comprises dirt, brick and tile and pottery, after collecting as the building materials raw material.
Burning is sent into incinerator with Recyclable and is carried out burning disposal.The incinerator fire box temperature is 950 ℃, and gas residence time is 3 seconds.The high-temperature flue gas that incinerator produces after waste heat recovery, qualified discharge after smoke eliminator purifies; The lime-ash that burn to produce after collecting as the building materials raw material.
Organic matter is sent into anaerobic fermentation tank and is carried out the anaerobic fermentation of biological processing, and fermentation temperature is controlled at 55 ℃.
The biogas that anaerobic fermentation produces can be for the gas electricity generator generating after purified treatment; The natural pond slag that fermentation produces, the steam that utilizes incinerator and gas electricity generator waste heat boiler to produce carries out drying, and dried natural pond slag is sent into incinerator and is carried out burning disposal.The water vapour that evaporates in the slag dry run of natural pond is after condensation is collected, and through discharging after the sewage-treatment plant disposal of establishing is up to standard, fixed gas is delivered to incinerator and incinerated.
The garbage leachate that each stage of garbage disposal produces is sent into anaerobic fermentation tank and is carried out biological resolution process after collecting.
Embodiment three:
After 800 tons/day of primary domestic wastes are carried out broken bag, send into separation system, rubbish need be divided into organic matter, inorganic matter, burning with Recyclable and recovery Recyclable by handling by sorting mechanical compositions such as magnetic separator, screening machine, winnowing machine, water concentrators.Wherein burn with Recyclable and comprise yarn fabric and wooden bamboo; Organic matter comprises animal, plant.Recovery comprises metal, glass, stationery, plastics, rubber and other with Recyclable, can directly carry out resource reutilization.Inorganic matter comprises dirt, brick and tile and pottery, sanitary landfills after collecting.
Burning is sent into incinerator with Recyclable and is carried out burning disposal.The incinerator fire box temperature is 850 ℃, and gas residence time is 4 seconds.The high-temperature flue gas that incinerator produces after waste heat recovery, qualified discharge after smoke eliminator purifies; Burn the lime-ash sanitary landfills after collecting that produces.
Organic matter is sent into anaerobic fermentation tank and is carried out the anaerobic fermentation of biological processing, and fermentation temperature is controlled at 40 ℃.
The biogas that anaerobic fermentation produces after purified treatment as gas supply; The natural pond slag that fermentation produces, the steam that utilizes incinerator to produce carries out drying, and dried natural pond slag is sent into incinerator and is carried out burning disposal.The water vapour that evaporates in the slag dry run of natural pond is after condensation is collected, and through discharging after the sewage-treatment plant disposal of establishing is up to standard, fixed gas is delivered to incinerator and incinerated.
The garbage leachate that each stage of garbage disposal produces is sent into anaerobic fermentation tank and is carried out biological resolution process after collecting.
Only be preferred embodiment of the present invention below, but scope of the invention process is not limited.

Claims (1)

1、沼渣干燥脱水型城市生活垃圾生物与焚烧处理集成工艺,其特征在于该工艺包含以下步骤:1. Biogas residue drying and dehydration type municipal solid waste biological and incineration integrated process, characterized in that the process includes the following steps: (1)将原生城市生活垃圾进行破袋;(1) Break the bags of primary municipal solid waste; (2)将破袋后的垃圾进行物理分选,分为有机物、无机物、焚烧用可回收物和回收用可回收物;(2) Physically sort the garbage after the bag is broken, and divide it into organic matter, inorganic matter, recyclables for incineration and recyclables for recycling; 所述焚烧用可回收物包括可回收物中的纺织物和木竹,回收用可回收物包括除焚烧用可回收物外的其余可回收物;回收用可回收物直接进行资源再利用,无机物经收集后卫生填埋或作为建材原料;The recyclables for incineration include textiles and wood and bamboo in the recyclables, and the recyclables for recycling include the rest of the recyclables except the recyclables for incineration; the recyclables for recycling are directly used for resource reuse, inorganic The collected wastes are sanitated to landfill or used as raw materials for building materials; (3)将步骤(2)中的焚烧用可回收物,送入焚烧炉进行焚烧处理,焚烧炉炉膛温度为800-950℃,烟气停留时间为2秒以上;焚烧炉产生的高温烟气经余热回收后,经烟气净化装置净化后达标排放;焚烧产生的灰渣经收集后卫生填埋或作为建材原料;(3) Send the recyclables for incineration in step (2) into an incinerator for incineration treatment. After the waste heat is recovered, it is purified by the flue gas purification device and discharged up to the standard; the ash generated by incineration is collected and landfilled or used as raw materials for building materials; (4)将步骤(2)中的有机物送入厌氧发酵罐进行厌氧发酵生物处理,厌氧发酵温度为35-55℃;(4) sending the organic matter in the step (2) into an anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation biological treatment, and the anaerobic fermentation temperature is 35-55°C; (5)步骤(4)中的厌氧发酵产生的沼气,经净化处理后用作燃料;厌氧发酵产生的沼渣,利用回收的余热干燥后送入步骤(3)的焚烧炉焚烧;沼渣蒸发出的蒸汽冷凝液排入污水处理装置,经达标处理后排放;不凝气送至焚烧炉焚化,或经脱臭装置净化后达标排放;(5) The biogas produced by anaerobic fermentation in step (4) is used as fuel after purification; the biogas residue produced by anaerobic fermentation is sent to the incinerator of step (3) for incineration after utilizing the recovered waste heat to dry; The steam condensate evaporated from the slag is discharged into the sewage treatment device, and discharged after reaching the standard; the non-condensable gas is sent to the incinerator for incineration, or is discharged after being purified by the deodorization device; (6)将步骤(1)和步骤(2)中产生的垃圾渗沥液,经收集后送入步骤(4)中的厌氧发酵罐进行厌氧发酵生物处理。(6) The garbage leachate produced in step (1) and step (2) is collected and sent to the anaerobic fermentation tank in step (4) for anaerobic fermentation biological treatment.
CNB2006100518641A 2006-06-09 2006-06-09 Biogas residue drying and dehydration type municipal solid waste biological and incineration integrated process Expired - Fee Related CN100560235C (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102374543A (en) * 2011-08-08 2012-03-14 南京大学 Anaerobic fermentation-incineration combined treatment method for organic wastes
CN102950137B (en) * 2011-08-19 2015-07-08 光大环保科技发展(北京)有限公司 Kitchen waste collaborative processing method
CN104654312B (en) * 2015-02-27 2017-03-01 四川欣源绿环保科技有限公司 A kind of nonflame burning process of solid waste
CN104817357B (en) 2015-04-30 2017-10-13 湖南屎壳郎环境科技有限公司 A kind of large organic waste pollutant source comprehensive treatment system in rural area and method
CN108421811B (en) * 2018-03-22 2022-03-22 成都华凡科技有限公司 Ecological utilization method for classified collection of domestic waste and planting and breeding waste
CN111112282A (en) * 2019-12-13 2020-05-08 上海巴安水务股份有限公司 Improved biochemical treatment method for kitchen waste
CN112146100A (en) * 2020-09-04 2020-12-29 钟德仁 Domestic garbage incineration pretreatment method
CN112856427A (en) * 2020-12-21 2021-05-28 常熟浦发第二热电能源有限公司 Wet garbage fermentation gas pretreatment method
CN116944194A (en) * 2023-09-21 2023-10-27 北京扔了么网络科技有限公司 Garbage recycling treatment method

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US4857458A (en) * 1985-12-05 1989-08-15 Propiorga Installation and plant for the recovery of energy from waste and residues

Patent Citations (1)

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