CH624846A5 - Solid pharmaceutical unit dose form and process and apparatus for producing it - Google Patents
Solid pharmaceutical unit dose form and process and apparatus for producing it Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CH624846A5 CH624846A5 CH1500476A CH1500476A CH624846A5 CH 624846 A5 CH624846 A5 CH 624846A5 CH 1500476 A CH1500476 A CH 1500476A CH 1500476 A CH1500476 A CH 1500476A CH 624846 A5 CH624846 A5 CH 624846A5
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- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- unit dosage
- dosage form
- dosage forms
- tape
- form according
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- SONNWYBIRXJNDC-VIFPVBQESA-N phenylephrine Chemical compound CNC[C@H](O)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1 SONNWYBIRXJNDC-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960005205 prednisolone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OIGNJSKKLXVSLS-VWUMJDOOSA-N prednisolone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 OIGNJSKKLXVSLS-VWUMJDOOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003387 progesterone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000583 progesterone congener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003146 progesterones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003180 prostaglandins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WCBMZHEXSA-N pseudoephedrine Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WCBMZHEXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003908 pseudoephedrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011867 re-evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BJOIZNZVOZKDIG-MDEJGZGSSA-N reserpine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]2C[C@@H]3C4=C([C]5C=CC(OC)=CC5=N4)CCN3C[C@H]2C1)C(=O)OC)OC)C(=O)C1=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 BJOIZNZVOZKDIG-MDEJGZGSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003147 reserpine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007761 roller coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- MDMGHDFNKNZPAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N roserpine Natural products C1C2CN3CCC(C4=CC=C(OC)C=C4N4)=C4C3CC2C(OC(C)=O)C(OC)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 MDMGHDFNKNZPAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001175 rotational moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940125723 sedative agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000932 sedative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LXMSZDCAJNLERA-ZHYRCANASA-N spironolactone Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CC[C@@H]3[C@@]4(C)CCC(=O)C=C4C[C@H]([C@@H]13)SC(=O)C)C[C@@]21CCC(=O)O1 LXMSZDCAJNLERA-ZHYRCANASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002256 spironolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960005322 streptomycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZZORFUFYDOWNEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfadimethoxine Chemical compound COC1=NC(OC)=CC(NS(=O)(=O)C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=N1 ZZORFUFYDOWNEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000973 sulfadimethoxine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000654 sulfafurazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- IMCGHZIGRANKHV-AJNGGQMLSA-N tert-butyl (3s,5s)-2-oxo-5-[(2s,4s)-5-oxo-4-propan-2-yloxolan-2-yl]-3-propan-2-ylpyrrolidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound O1C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)C[C@H]1[C@H]1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)C1 IMCGHZIGRANKHV-AJNGGQMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012956 testing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019364 tetracycline Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003522 tetracyclines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940040944 tetracyclines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- AIUHRQHVWSUTGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiopropazate Chemical compound C1CN(CCOC(=O)C)CCN1CCCN1C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C21 AIUHRQHVWSUTGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004728 thiopropazate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001288 triamterene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003223 tripelennamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005019 zein Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093612 zein Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
- A61J3/00—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2072—Pills, tablets, discs, rods characterised by shape, structure or size; Tablets with holes, special break lines or identification marks; Partially coated tablets; Disintegrating flat shaped forms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2095—Tabletting processes; Dosage units made by direct compression of powders or specially processed granules, by eliminating solvents, by melt-extrusion, by injection molding, by 3D printing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/28—Dragees; Coated pills or tablets, e.g. with film or compression coating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US64065175A | 1975-12-15 | 1975-12-15 | |
| US64065475A | 1975-12-15 | 1975-12-15 | |
| US64061075A | 1975-12-15 | 1975-12-15 | |
| US64060975A | 1975-12-15 | 1975-12-15 | |
| US64060875A | 1975-12-15 | 1975-12-15 | |
| US64065575A | 1975-12-15 | 1975-12-15 | |
| US64106875A | 1975-12-15 | 1975-12-15 | |
| US05/640,612 US4029758A (en) | 1975-12-15 | 1975-12-15 | Preparation of pharmaceutical unit dosage forms |
| US05/640,653 US4031200A (en) | 1975-12-15 | 1975-12-15 | Manufacture of pharmaceutical unit dosage forms |
| US05/640,652 US4029757A (en) | 1975-12-15 | 1975-12-15 | Manufacture of pharmaceutical unit dosage forms |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH624846A5 true CH624846A5 (en) | 1981-08-31 |
Family
ID=27581303
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1500476A CH624846A5 (en) | 1975-12-15 | 1976-11-29 | Solid pharmaceutical unit dose form and process and apparatus for producing it |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT365449B (nl) |
| CA (1) | CA1085295A (nl) |
| CH (1) | CH624846A5 (nl) |
| DE (1) | DE2656387C2 (nl) |
| DK (1) | DK152172C (nl) |
| FI (1) | FI69243C (nl) |
| FR (1) | FR2335206A1 (nl) |
| GB (1) | GB1561100A (nl) |
| GR (1) | GR81307B (nl) |
| IL (1) | IL51096A (nl) |
| LU (1) | LU76378A1 (nl) |
| MC (1) | MC1117A1 (nl) |
| NL (1) | NL176835C (nl) |
| NO (1) | NO146384C (nl) |
| NZ (1) | NZ182871A (nl) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3630603A1 (de) * | 1986-09-09 | 1988-03-10 | Desitin Arzneimittel Gmbh | Darreichungs- und dosierungsform fuer arzneimittelwirkstoffe, reagentien oder dergleichen sowie verfahren zu deren herstellung |
Families Citing this family (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH624846A5 (en) | 1975-12-15 | 1981-08-31 | Hoffmann La Roche | Solid pharmaceutical unit dose form and process and apparatus for producing it |
| GB1601923A (en) * | 1977-06-09 | 1981-11-04 | Beecham Group Ltd | Sustained release compositions |
| DE2849494A1 (de) | 1978-11-15 | 1980-05-29 | Voss Gunter M | Verfahren zur herstellung von arzneimittel-formlingen |
| GB2074947B (en) * | 1980-04-23 | 1984-10-10 | Thomae Gmbh Dr K | Printing on pharmaceutical mouldings tablets or coated tablets |
| CH664691A5 (it) * | 1982-03-15 | 1988-03-31 | Eurand France S A | Compressa a forma di capsula, procedimento e dispositivo per la sua preparazione. |
| US4789549A (en) * | 1987-03-09 | 1988-12-06 | Warner-Lambert Company | Sustained release dosage forms |
| DE4419818C2 (de) * | 1994-06-07 | 1998-10-22 | Lohmann Therapie Syst Lts | Wirkstoffträger zur kontrollierten Freisetzung von Wirkstoffen im Gastrointestinaltrakt mit verzögerter Pyloruspassage und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben |
| AU5655196A (en) | 1995-05-09 | 1996-11-29 | Colorcon Limited | Powder coating composition for electrostatic coating of pharmaceutical substrates |
| US7008668B2 (en) | 1995-05-09 | 2006-03-07 | Phoqus Pharmaceuticals Limited | Powder coating composition for electrostatic coating of pharmaceutical substrates |
| GB9623634D0 (en) | 1996-11-13 | 1997-01-08 | Bpsi Holdings Inc | Method and apparatus for the coating of substrates for pharmaceutical use |
| DE19715794C1 (de) | 1997-04-16 | 1998-12-03 | Roehm Gmbh | Laminare Arzneiform und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| CO5070568A1 (es) * | 1998-05-22 | 2001-08-28 | Eurand Internatrional Spa | Proceso de aplicacion de capas y aparato para efectuarlo |
| GB9910505D0 (en) * | 1999-05-06 | 1999-07-07 | Electrosols Ltd | A method and apparatus for manufacturing consumable tablets |
| DE19946822A1 (de) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-26 | Lohmann Therapie Syst Lts | Wirk- und/oder Hilfsstoffe enthaltende Zubereitung mit steuerbarer Freisetzung dieser Stoffe, sowie ihre Verwendung und Herstellung |
| DE19955481A1 (de) | 1999-11-18 | 2001-05-23 | Deutsche Telekom Ag | Verfahren zur maschinellen Abbildung, Integration und Steuerung von Unternehmensprozessen |
| GB0002305D0 (en) | 2000-02-01 | 2000-03-22 | Phoqus Limited | Power material for electrostatic application |
| WO2002013781A1 (en) * | 2000-08-14 | 2002-02-21 | Fertin Pharma A/S | Method for preparation of chewing gum with customer acceptable taste |
| US6962715B2 (en) * | 2001-10-24 | 2005-11-08 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Method and dosage form for dispensing a bioactive substance |
| DE102004017030A1 (de) * | 2004-04-02 | 2005-10-20 | Schering Ag | Flachkapseln |
| EA009977B1 (ru) * | 2004-02-03 | 2008-04-28 | Шеринг Акциенгезельшафт | Плоскостная система для применения в полости рта |
| GB0407312D0 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2004-05-05 | Phoqus Pharmaceuticals Ltd | Method and apparatus for the application of powder material to substrates |
| FR2926723B1 (fr) * | 2008-01-25 | 2010-06-18 | Duo Ge | Associations pharmaceutiques orales. |
| FR2926724B1 (fr) * | 2008-01-25 | 2010-06-18 | Duo Ge | Nouvelle forme pharmaceutique orale. |
| RU2493832C2 (ru) * | 2008-01-25 | 2013-09-27 | Дюо-Же | Комбинации пероральных лекарственных средств, соединенных посредством оболочки |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE637363A (nl) * | ||||
| US2357846A (en) * | 1940-08-31 | 1944-09-12 | Setter Bros Inc | Method of and apparatus for the manufacture of rodlike articles |
| US2836291A (en) * | 1956-08-13 | 1958-05-27 | Pad Y Wax Company Inc | Edible strip package and method of making same |
| US3007848A (en) * | 1958-03-12 | 1961-11-07 | Vol Pak Inc | Method of forming an edible medicinal wafer strip package |
| NL274354A (nl) * | 1958-08-01 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| US3413396A (en) * | 1963-06-14 | 1968-11-26 | American Cyanamid Co | Pigment marking gelatin capsules |
| GB1142325A (en) * | 1965-05-14 | 1969-02-05 | Higham Stanley Russell | Means for administering drugs |
| US3531827A (en) * | 1966-05-13 | 1970-10-06 | Harte & Co Inc | Thickness control system for calendering |
| US3625214A (en) * | 1970-05-18 | 1971-12-07 | Alza Corp | Drug-delivery device |
| FR2100858B1 (nl) * | 1970-07-03 | 1975-06-06 | Daiichi Seiyaku Co | |
| US3814931A (en) * | 1972-05-22 | 1974-06-04 | Parke Davis & Co | Inspection apparatus and means |
| US3917414A (en) * | 1973-10-11 | 1975-11-04 | Geisco Associates | Optical inspection system |
| CH624846A5 (en) | 1975-12-15 | 1981-08-31 | Hoffmann La Roche | Solid pharmaceutical unit dose form and process and apparatus for producing it |
-
1976
- 1976-11-29 CH CH1500476A patent/CH624846A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-13 LU LU76378A patent/LU76378A1/xx unknown
- 1976-12-13 NZ NZ182871A patent/NZ182871A/xx unknown
- 1976-12-13 GR GR52389A patent/GR81307B/el unknown
- 1976-12-13 DE DE2656387A patent/DE2656387C2/de not_active Expired
- 1976-12-13 IL IL51096A patent/IL51096A/xx unknown
- 1976-12-14 AT AT0923976A patent/AT365449B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-14 DK DK562276A patent/DK152172C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-14 NO NO764242A patent/NO146384C/no unknown
- 1976-12-14 GB GB52098/76A patent/GB1561100A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-12-14 CA CA267,803A patent/CA1085295A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-12-15 FR FR7637802A patent/FR2335206A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-12-15 NL NLAANVRAGE7613922,A patent/NL176835C/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-15 FI FI763597A patent/FI69243C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-15 MC MC761223A patent/MC1117A1/xx unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3630603A1 (de) * | 1986-09-09 | 1988-03-10 | Desitin Arzneimittel Gmbh | Darreichungs- und dosierungsform fuer arzneimittelwirkstoffe, reagentien oder dergleichen sowie verfahren zu deren herstellung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK152172B (da) | 1988-02-08 |
| GR81307B (nl) | 1984-12-11 |
| NZ182871A (en) | 1979-10-25 |
| FR2335206A1 (fr) | 1977-07-15 |
| FR2335206B1 (nl) | 1982-02-19 |
| NO764242L (nl) | 1977-06-16 |
| DE2656387A1 (de) | 1977-06-30 |
| NL176835B (nl) | 1985-01-16 |
| ATA923976A (de) | 1981-06-15 |
| AT365449B (de) | 1982-01-11 |
| FI69243B (fi) | 1985-09-30 |
| IL51096A (en) | 1980-09-16 |
| DK562276A (da) | 1977-06-16 |
| DK152172C (da) | 1988-06-27 |
| FI763597A (nl) | 1977-06-16 |
| IL51096A0 (en) | 1977-02-28 |
| LU76378A1 (nl) | 1978-01-18 |
| FI69243C (fi) | 1986-01-10 |
| DE2656387C2 (de) | 1984-03-22 |
| NL7613922A (nl) | 1977-06-17 |
| NO146384C (no) | 1982-09-22 |
| MC1117A1 (fr) | 1977-08-12 |
| NO146384B (no) | 1982-06-14 |
| GB1561100A (en) | 1980-02-13 |
| CA1085295A (en) | 1980-09-09 |
| NL176835C (nl) | 1985-06-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUE | Assignment |
Owner name: F. HOFFMANN-LA ROCHE AG |
|
| PL | Patent ceased | ||
| PL | Patent ceased |