CH354305A - Stopper for pressurized fluid line - Google Patents

Description

Obturator for pressurized fluid conduit The present invention relates to an obturator for pressurized fluid conduit. Until now, the interruption of the flow of a fluid was effected by means of a sliding shutter valve constituting the seal, but the lateral pressures to which the seal is subjected are likely to cause rapid wear of gate slides resulting in leaks. In addition, closing the gate requires considerable effort if the fluid pressure is high.

The subject of the present invention is a shutter intended to perform the same functions, but in which the disadvantages stated above are reduced to a minimum, or even entirely eliminated.

The obturator which is the subject of the invention is characterized in that it comprises a body traversed from side to side by a passage for a fluid and a cylindrical member for guiding a lid, member extending from one side said Passage and intersecting it at right angles, and the diameter is at least equal to that of said Passage, these two diameters being such that the respective cylindrical sudaces mutually intersect inside said Passage, the seal being cylindrical, precisely guided by said guide member and having a hemispherical active end sleeps the first vertex is located nur the cross section of the passage for the first fluid containing the axis of the guide member.

Thanks to this arrangement, any compressive force exerted between the active end of the seal and the wall of the fluid passage facing the guide member, when the seal is in the closing, tends to cause a relative deformation of the wall of the Fluid Passage in the region concerned, on either side of the operculum, as well as of the operculum itself, and this relative deformation tends to increase the tightness. In one form of execution of the object of the invention, the cover is hollow and the outer end of the guide member is closed in a sealed manner, so that any leak between the guide member guide and 1'operculum, when the obturator is closed; can penetrate inside the operum and generate there forces tending to expand it and to apply it against the part of the wall with which it is already in contact, which further improves the tightness of this contact .

In a variant, instead of using the leaks to obtain this improvement in sealing, there is provision for communication between the high pressure side and the inside of the seal RTI ID="0001.0268" WI="9" HE ="4" LX="1550" LY="1692"> hollow.

In another form of execution the opereule is in two Parts, the first, solid, of dimensions lower than those which are necessary to ensure the obturation being fixed inside the second, the latter forming an envelope of elastically deformable material, sleeps the external dimensions are equal to said dimensions necessary to ensure 1'obturation.

According to a variant, the cylindrical guide member can be given a diameter greater than that of the passage for the fluid and the form in the wall of the latter, opposite the cylindrical guide member, of a recess in shape of a spherical zone with a radius equal to that of the cylindrical guide member.

The invention will be better understood on reading the detailed description which follows and on examining the appended drawing which represents, by way of example, three embodiments of the object of the invention.

fig. 1 is a section in a plane containing the axes of the fluid passage and of the cylindrical guide member of one embodiment of the shutter shown in the closed position. fig. 2 is a section along line 2-2 of FIG. 1, the actuating rod 1'operculum dtant represented in 61evation.

fig. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1, but representing another form of execution.

fig. 4 is another view similar to FIG. 1, but representing a third form of execution, and FIG. 5 is a diagram of forces which applies to the three embodiments represented.

Ort will first consider the form of execution of figs. 1 and 2. In this example, the body of the obturator, seen from the side, has substantially the shape of a large inverted T, the vertical arm 10 of the T having a coaxial bore at its outer surface and which constitutes a cylindrical guide member G of the lid, while the horizontal brauch (in the figure) 11 of the T also comprises a bore coaxial with its external surface, which crosses it from Part to Part and which constitutes 1st Passage P of the fluid. The ends of brauche 11 have flanges 12, 13 by means of which the body of the shutter can be fixed, for example by bolts (not shown), to appropriate pipes of a device in which one wishes to circulate the first fluid whose flow must be controlled by the obturator.

The bores which constitute the cylindrical guide G and the passage for the fluid P have the same diameter and it can be seen that they intersect each other along arcs located in two oblique planes inclined in opposite directions, represented, in profile, by the interrupted lines 14 and 15 of FIG. 1, and which converge towards a chord common to said arcs, seen by its end in fig. 1 at 16, which Cord crosses the Faxe of the Fluid Passage.

The lid 17 (which is for example made of steel) is generally cylindrical in shape and its diameter is such that it is guided in precise sliding in the cylindrical guide member. Said lid terminates, at its active end, in a hemispherical dome of the same diameter as its cylindrical part. Cap 17 is hollow, and near its open end has Support Plate 19, the periphery of which is welded near its circular edge, as indicated at 18. Plate 19 has openings 20 in a purpose which will be described later.

An actuating rod 21, which extends coaxially with the cylindrical guide member and passes through a stuffing box 22 provided in a cover 23 fixed to the outer end of the cylindrical guide member by a ring of screws 24, is RTI ID="0002.0275" WI="14" HE="4" LX="944" LY="2414"> fixed, by its inner end, to the center of the support plate 19. This connection is ensured by a reinforced diameter Part 25 of the rod 21, in abutment against the Plate 19, and by a threaded extension, of reduced diameter, which passes through a central hole of the said Plate and on which is screwed a fixing nut 26. In the closed position shown, the parts of the outer cylindrical surface of the lid which cover the parts of the guide member lying between the interrupted lines 14 and 15 form an airtight seal with them. , while the part of the hemispherical end forms an outer sealing line indicated in a broken line at 27, with the semi-cylindrical part of the passage for the fluid located facing the guide member; the latter completely surrounds the skirt-shaped part of the cover which cannot escape from said guide member. Under these conditions, the seal completely and tightly interrupts the flow of fluid through Passage P.

The right-hand end (in Fig. 1) of Passage P receives the high-pressure fluid whose flow it is desired to control and it will be noted that this end of said Passage communicates with the cylindrical guide member through the intermediary of a channel. - mother 28.

In operation, the following forces are exerted on the lid with the effects indicated below: a) The closing pressure applied through the intermediary of the rod 21. This strong force causes a relative deformation between the lid and the Obturator body, deformation which gives rise to a sealing pressure, along line 27, on the lower semi-cylindrical surface of Passage P and on the zone of the cylindrical guide member comprised between lines 14 and <B>15 </B> on each head of said organ.

b) The pressure of the fluid, the flow of which is interrupted by the seal, is applied to the right part of the said seal between line 15 and line 27. Part of this pressure indicated by the arrows 29 is applied in directions normal to the cylindrical zone of said right-hand part of the lid and biases the left-hand side of the cylindrical outer surface into contact with the Handle under Pressure with the cylindrical guide member at 30, the Parts 31 of the surface of the cylindrical guide member projecting into the first passage for the first fluid on each side of Faxe of the cover and being between line 14 and a plane crossing Faxe of Passage P and containing line 27. The remainder of the fluid pressure acts on the adjacent half of the hemispherical head as indicated by the arrows 32 and tends to lift the seal against the force action which acts on the rod 21 to apply the closing pressure.

c) The Pressure of the RTI ID="0002.0541" WI="9" HE="4" LX="1515" LY="2325"> fluid admitted into the hollow interior of the seal through the lumen 28 applied a strong, indicated by the arrows 33, which substantially balances the strong represented by the arrows 29. It also applies a strong indicated by the arrows 34 and which maintains the tancity at 30 and 31. inner surface of the hemispherical head as indicated by the arrows 35, it should be noted that while the whole of said inner surface of the hemispherical head is subjected to this pressure indicated at 35, only half of the outer surface of this head, which is located to the right of line 27 (in FIG. 1) is subjected to an opposite external pressure, namely the pressure indicated by the arrows 32. Moreover, the internal pressure tends to expand the seal to apply it over the entire zone e of the cylindrical guide member between lines 14 and 15 as well as on contact line 27.

fig. 5 represents all these different forces in the form of a diagram in which they have been reduced graphically to two components, by projection on two perpendicular axes, namely a horizontal component represented by the arrow 36 and a vertical component directed downwards represented by arrow 37. Arrow 38 is supposed to represent the resultant of these two components.

In some cases, an can simply use the leaks that occur at 39 between the skirt of the movable 1'616ment and the cylindrical guide member, instead of providing the light 28 previously described.

The obturator described is capable of ensuring effective sealing, even with pressures of 7 kg/cm .

In the embodiment represented in FIG. 3, the lid is formed by a hollow body 17a in the form of an air bottle. tablet comprising a tubular extension 21a directed upwards (in the figure) which serves as its support, while allowing it to be filled with a fluid under pressure greater than that of the controlled fluid. This higher pressure fluid is applied from an independent source through a line connected to an inlet passage at the external fitting shown at 40.

Instead of applying the closing pressure to the gate mechanically, it can be actuated in a piston-like manner by fluid pressure from the external source in question.

In the form of execution represented in FIG. 4 the cylindrical guide member G1 has a larger diameter than the fluid passage P1; the operculum is not hollow. The cylindrical guide member is machined by means of a tool with a hemispherical or D-shaped head which comes to form on the wall of the passage P1, facing said guide member, a recess with a bottom in the form of an arc of circle 41 which is extends upward, as indicated by dashed lines 42, around the sides of the fluid passage to a position indicated at 43, so as to RTI ID="0003.0275" WI="11" HE="4" LX="257" LY="2385"> form a spherical zone, the junction line between the two bores being indicated at 44.

The cap has a peripheral groove intended to receive a sealing ring 45 intended to cooperate with the cylindrical guide member, and it comprises an inner end 46 of reduced diameter which ends in a hemispherical point. This part of the cap is fixed, for example by adhesion, inside an envelope 47 made of compressible and elastic material (such as a plastic material or rubber) which allows sliding in the control member. cylindrical guide and adopts the hemispherical head 6 intimately marries the groove 41.

In the vicinity of the upper end, the cover has a convex conical shoulder which rests at 48 in a conical depression made in the lower face of a cap 49 through which passes an appendage 50 of the said cover. The outer surface of said cap has a central recess in which is housed a piano wire 51 arranged in a peripheral groove of said appendage and immobilizing the latter in an axial direction. Furthermore, inside the cylindrical guide member, a peripheral groove is formed in which is engaged a piano wire 52 which cooperates with a shoulder 53 of the cover to limit the axial displacement of the latter. ei in the other direction.

The Cap 49 comprises a thread which cooperates with a thread of the vertical branch 10a of the Shutter Body, the whole of this arrangement ensuring the opening or the closing of the shutter by a rotation in one direction or the other. of the Hat. It will also be noted in fig. 4 that the body of the obturator has, at the opposite ends of the passage for the fluid, tappings intended to allow the connection to the body of the obturator of pipes of a circulation circuit of the fluid to be controlled.

With the exception of those. indicated by the arrows 33, 34 and 35, in fig. 1, year found in fig. 4 all the forces acting in the embodiment of said FIG. 1, the resultant force being indicated by arrow 54. In addition, the closing force applied to the lid of FIG. 4 compresses the envelope 47 and seals it tightly against the cooperating surfaces of the shutter body.

In a variant of the embodiment of FIG. 4, the portion 46 of the lid can be tapered progressively towards the right hemispherical end, so as to ensure an expansion of the envelope towards the outside when the closing pressure is applied by the cap 49.

Because the lid of the shutters shown has a hemispherical end, these shutters also offer the advantage that the passage offered to the fluid below said end, when the shutter is partially open, gives rise to the same effects as each of the halves of a venturi.

Claims (7)

CLAIM Obturator for pressurized fluid pipe, characterized in that it comprises a body traversed right through by a passage for said fluid and a cylindrical member for guiding a lid, member extending from one c6t6 of said passage and intersecting the latter at a right angle and having the diameter at least equal to that of the said passage. These two diameters being such that the respective cylindrical surfaces mutually intersect inside the said Passage, the cover being cylindrical, guiding way specified by said guide member, and having a hemispherical active end whose first vertex is located on the straight section of the passage for the first fluid containing the guide member. SUB-CLAIMS 1. Obturator according to claim, characterized by the fact that the cover is hollow and by the fact that the outer end of the guide member is closed in a sealed manner, so as to form a chamber of Pressure intended to be supplied with fluid under pressure to give rise to forces tending to expand the seal towards the part of the wall of the passage for the fluid with which it is in contact. 2. Obturator according to claim and sub-claim 1, characterized in that the first fluid admitted into the pressure chamber is supplied by leaks, between the guide member and the lid, of the fluid present on the high pressure side of the passage. for the first fluid. 3. Obturator according to claim and sub-claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first fluid admitted into the pressure chamber is brought through a pipe which provides intercommunication between the guide member and the high pressure side of the Passage of the fluid. 4. Obturator according to claim and sub-claim 1, characterized by the fact that the lid forms a sealed chamber in which a pressurized fluid intended to cause the expansion of the said lid is brought, through a hollow appendage, from a external source. 5. Obturator according to claim and sub-claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the lid and the said external source are arranged in such a way that the pressurized fluid coming from the said source also tends to move the lid towards its closed position against an opposing force. 6. Obturator according to claim, characterized by the fact that the lid is in two parts, the first, solid, of dimensions less than those necessary to ensure obturation, fixed inside the second of these. , forming an envelope of elastically deformable material, the external dimensions of which are equal to the dimensions necessary to ensure the closure. 7. Obturator according to claim and sub-claim 6, characterized in that the diameter of the cylindrical guide member is larger than that of the PassageRTI ID="0004.0271" WI="7" HE="4" LX ="1597" LY="1212"> for the fluid and by the fact that the Part of this Passage located opposite the cylindrical guide organ has the shape of a Borge in a spherical zone with a radius equal to that said cylindrical body.