CA2089580C - Water ride with water propulsion devices - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and apparatus for controllably injecting, subsequent to the start of a water ride, a high velocity water flow (30) over the water ride surface (25). A rider (29) (or vehicle) that rides into such injected flow (30), as a result of water-to-rider mo-mentum transfer, either be accelerated, matched, or decelerated in a downhill, horizontal or uphill straight or curvilinear direction by such injected flow (30). Flow emitting nozzles (24) can be either positioned above, along side, or from any position along the length of the water ride surface (25).

Description

N'U 9?/03201 '~ , PCT/L'S91/()s78~

'i ~ 5 "WATER RILE WIT13 WATER PROPOI~SION DEVICES"
BACKGROUND:
This invention relates in general to water rides, specifically a mechanism and process that: 1) will s~~fely transfer the kinetic energy of a high speed water floa~
to participants riding/sliding (with or without a vehicle) upon a low-friction surface and enable them to accelerate in a downhill, horizontal or uphill straight or curvilinear direction; 2) will safely stabilize and equalize the coefficients of friction and trajectory of differently sized and weighted participants on a water ride with a steep downhill portion followed by a subsequent significant uphill portion; and 3) will permit self=clearing of the 3 0 transitory surge/hydraulic jump that may occur on a horizontal or upwardly inclined water ride flume.
The 80's decade has witnessed phenomenal growth in the participatory family water recreation facility, i.e., the waterpark, and in water oriented ride attractions in the traditional themed amusement parks. The current genre of water ride attractions, e.g., waterslides, river rapid rides, and log flumes, N () 92/03201 ; PCT/L S91 /0S783 _2_ require participants t4 walk ~or be mechanically lifted and water to be pumped to a high point, wherein, gravii:y enables water, rider(s), and riding vehicle (if appropriate) to slide down a chute or incline to a lower elevation splash pool, whereafter the cycle mpeats. Gravity or gravity induced rider momentum is the :5 prime driving force t.~iat powers the participant down and through these traditional w ater ride attractions. A novel aspect of the subject invention is the employment of a high speed jet of water to propel a participant in lieu of, or in opposition to, or in augmentation with the force of gravity. With the exception of the start area, watE:r ride attractions have not utilized the water that is 1 Q pumped in a horizont;gl or downward direction as the object and driving mechanism for accelerating a. rider down or along a run. Likewise, water ride attractions to date have not used jetted water to propel a rider up an incline to a higher elevation. By means of the aforementioned high speed water jets, the subject invention will enable the creation of water oriented amusement rides 1 '~ and ride experiences that have heretofore been unavailable in the recreation industry. In particular, the embodiments of the invention described herein will permit a riders) on the surface of a water attraction: to accelerate doovnhill in excess of the acceleration attributable to the force of gravity (said embodiment is hereinafter referred) to as tlhe "Downward Accelerator"); or to accelerate in a 2C) horizontal direction, (~aaid embodiment is hereinafter referred to as the "Horizontal Accelerator" ); or to accelerate in an uphill direction (said embodiment is hereinafter referred to as the "Upward Accelerator"; or to slide doa-nward on a conventional slide and enter a flow of water of equal or slower speed and yet return in an upward direction to a higher elevation that is equal 2'_i to or less than that whch could be achieved through using gravity alone (said embodiment is hereinafter referred to as the "Stabilization/Equalization Process",or to slide downward on a conventional water ride attraction and return in an upward direction to an elevation higher than that which could be achieved through using gravity alone (said embodiment is hereinafter referred to as the 3G "Elevation Enhancement Process"; or through combination of the above described embodiments with a standard downslope waterslide to create an emhor~ment herein after referred to as a ' ::'ater Coaster ".
The amusement field is replete with inventions that utilize water as the means 3 ~ for generating rider motion and experience, however, none to date describe the ~1'() 92/03201 . PC'T/L S91/0578~

improvements contemplated by the subject invention, as an examination of some representative references will reveal.
Meyers U.S. Pat. No. 3,923,301, issued Dec. 2, 1975 discloses a method of adapting a hill to pro~ride a waterslide dug into the ground wherein a rider from an upper start pool slides by way of gravity passage upon recycled water to a lower landing pool. The structure and operation of Meyers has no relevance to the present invention, Timbes U.S. Pat. No. 4,198,043 issued Apr.15, 1980 discloses a modular molded plastic water slide wherein a rider from an upper start pool slides by way of gravity passage upon recycled water to a lower landing pool. The structure and operation of'I~mbes has no relevance to the present invention.
1 '> Becker, et al. U.S. Pat,. N0. 4,196,900 issued Apr. 8, 1980 discloses a conventional downslope wate:rslide with simplified support construction involving a reduced number o~f parts at reduced cost with a conventional water pipe leading from a pump to the beginning of each slide. Becker goes on to suggest that such water pipe :may include thrust nozzles at the top giving an extra push component to a person sitting there, thus making sure that a person, once boarded, does not; block the slide by remaining in place. (Column 2, Lines 34 - 39). Becker's sug~gestaon is customary to the entry tub of most conventional waterslides. Becker's suggestion does not contemplate the performance characteristics as described b;y the present invention, i.e., downhill acceleration in excess of the acceleration attributable to the force of gravity, or acceleration in a horizontal direction :in excess of that force which is necessary to prevent entry tub blockage, or acceleration in an uphill direction, or elevation recovery, or multiple propulsion locations, etc. The "extra push" suggested by Becker is limited in location to t:he start, of a slide, and limited in force to that which is necessary to avoid slide blockage by a starting slider. Conversely, the flow of water as injected by tlo,e subject invention is preferably located downstream of the conventional start as suggested by Becker. Furthe_rn,_ore, a preferred function of the subject invention is acceleration of a rider who is already in motion, not one who is blocking the slide by remaining in place. The suggestions 3 ~ of Becker are limited tao existilig conventional waterslide start basins, and as such, have no relevance to the present invention.

N () 92/(13201 PC1~/1~591 /0;73 Goldfarb et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,778,430 issued Oct. 18, 1988 discloses a waterslide toy wherein a mechanically powered conveyor lifts humanoid slide-objects from a lower slide section to the upper end of the slide section whereupon S the slide-objects slide downward by way of gravity passage upon recycled water to the start point of the conveyor. The structure and operation of Goldfarb et. al.
has no relevance to the present invention.
Durwald et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,392,434 issued Jul. 12, 1983 discloses a turbulent waterway having boats guided in a trough between an uphill starting point and a downhill terminus and a chain conveyor that prohibits slippage as it carries the boats from terminus to start. The structure and operation of Durwald et.
al.
has no relevance to the present invention.
1 S Moody U.S. Pat. No. 4,805,896 issued Feb. 21, 1989 discloses a water ride for swimmers which utilizes the linear (predominantly horizontal or downward) movement of a large quantity of water of swimming depth. Moody shares an attribute of the "Downward or Horizontal Accelerator" embodiments of the subject invention, i.e., the ability to move a participant in a predominantly 2 0 horizontal or downward direction wherein the participant is moved by the water rather than through it. However, Moody can be distinguished from the subject invention as foDows: The entire thrust of Moody is to provide a massive weight of water with very gradual downhill slopes to create desired swimmer movement. The ride, specifically limited to swimmers, is comprised of a large 25 quantity of water of with a weight substantially greater than the weight of the participant and at depth sufficient to prevent the floating or swimming participant from contacting the bottom of the water channel. To move such large quantities of water, Moody specifies "High volume pumps at low water heads", (Column 3 Line 27). Conversely, the preferred embodiment for the 3 0 subject invention utilizes lower volume pumps at higher water heads. Such high head pumps in concert with properly configured nozzles produce powerful fnrpcar~ Qyater ~nc;rc ~l~ot n~ f,~ytl0n t less than fine inch deep. A
fbrtlQrl, swimming is not a requirement, and the participant will inherently touch the bottom surface over which he/she is sliding. Additionally, the volume of water 3 5 required to move a participant per Moody is ten to twenty times greater than that which would be required by a preferred embodiment of the subject N'() 92/03201 f'C'I~/L 591/0;783 -S-invention. As to the ;issue of friction reduction, Moody uses a sufficient quantity of water to partially float they rider who can then accelerate by the relatively low kinetic energy of the slow moving mass of water. Conversely, the subject invention allows for acceleration by water impact (i.e., extreme momentum transfer), and does not require rider flotation to reduce the friction force.
A
further significant point of differentiation includes the ability to propel the participant in an upward direction (such ability was not contemplated by Moody). As a result of these differences, it is respectfully submitted that Moody teaches sway from the propulsion mechanism as taught by the subject 1 ~~ invention.
Barber U.S. Pat. No. ~4,836,5:Z1 issued Jun. 6, 1989 discloses an amusement device that incorpora~xs a circular pond in which water is rotated by jets to form a vortex and wherein a rotating member with resultant centrifugal force gives 1 '.~ the rider the sensation of traversing the edge of a giant whirlpool. The structure and operation of Barber has no relevance to the present invention.
Dubeta U.S. Pat. No. 4,805,897 issued Feb. 21, 1989 discloses improvements to water slide systems, wherein a vertically rising water reservoir located at the 20 upstream end of a waterslide (preferably at the beginning of the run) is properly valued to discharge a sudden quantity of water at selected intervals into the chute of the downwardly inclined waterslide. Similar to Moody (supra), Dubeta shares an attribute of'several', embodiments of the subject Invention, i.e., the ability to move a participant :in a predominantly downrun direction wherein the 2'_> participant is moved by the water rather than through it. However, Dubeta can be distinguished from the subject invention as follows: The entire thrust of Dubeta is to increase :rider safety by providing intermittent floods of water that assures proper spacing for riders on a downhill waterslide run. Dubeta clarifies;
30 "because the flood occ~irs with each rider and the rider is carried thereby in a positive manner for the entirE: run of the slide...the riders on the slide are maintained at a spaced relation relative to one another on the slide as they proceed down the same. This overcomes many of the accidents that occur with the constant flow rate system as previously discussed." (Column 6, Lines 57 -3~ 64).

wo y~io~2o~ ~ () ~ ~ ~ ~ (~ = .. E~criosyao;~s~
It is important to note that the flood of water released by Dubeta is intended to move at substantially the same rate as the design speed of the rider sliding down the flume (see also Column 5, Line 14 - 18). Structurally, Dubeta's preferred embodiment utilizes a storage reservoir with seven feet of head (Column 5, Line 31). Functionally, this low head flood of water insures that the rider is carried by the flood "in a positive manner for the entire run of the slide".
Conversely, the preferred embodiment for the subject invention does not require any mechanism or need to release gushes of water that flow in spaced relation one after the other down the slide, rather, constant flows of water can also function to perform the intended objectives. Furthermore, the subject invention's accelerator embodiments preferably utilize head pressures in the range of 1.5 to 15 times as large as Dubeta. Such head pressure in concert with properly configured nozzles produce powerful focused water flows that result in an acceleration and in velocities that are greater than one could ever achieve by 1 5 just sliding down a flume (with or without a Dubeta gush of water).
Additional significant points of differentiation include the subject invention's ability to function without Dubeta's requirement of a vertically rising water tower reservoir at some location upstream from the end of the slide, and, the subject invention's ability to propel the participant in a horizontal or upward direction (such ability was not contemplated by Dubeta). As a final point of distinction, a participant in a Dubeta improvement will always be positioned downstream of the flood releasing valve prior to valve opening and gush production. In the subject invention the propellant water is akeady flowing at such time that the participant enters its stream. It is respectfully submitted that Dubeta, for the above stated reasons, teaches away from the propulsion mechanism as claimed by the subject invention.
Atlantic Bridge Company, Canada pat. No. 1,204,629 discloses a conveyance device for fragile articles, e.g., fish or produce, wherein said articles are moved 3 0 at a high rate of speed by way of suction and gravity and are decelerated with minimal damage by introducing said articles into a liquid bath at an acute angle so that the articles meet the liauic3 s,~.-facP ot,t~q,~et~. a =th reduced shock of impact. The structure and operation of Atlantic Bridge Company has no relevance to the present invention.
~5 N'O 92/03201 PCT/l'S91/OS783 Frenzl U.S. Pat. No. 3,598,4(~i2 issued Aug. 10, 1971 is perhaps more closely related in structure ~to the "l;Jpward Accelerator" embodiment of the present invention than any of the previously discussed references. Frenzl discloses an appliance for practicing aquatic sports such as surf riding, water-skiing and swimming comprised of a va.t, the bottom of which is upwardly eloping and has a longitudinal section 'which shows a concavity facing upwards while a stream of water is caused to flow upslope over said bottom as produced by a nozzle discharging water unto the F>urface of the lower end of said bottom. Provision is made for adjustment of the Elope of the vat bottom around a pivotal horizontal 14 axis to permit the appliance to be adjusted for that sport which has been selected for practice, e.g., wa.ter skiing reduced slope or surf riding increased slope. Provision is also made for varying the speed of the water from a "torrential flow" for v~ater skimming activities, e.g. surfboard riding, to a "river type flow" wherein the speed. of the water is matched to the speed of an exercising swimmer.
However, Frenzl '402 does not recognize, either explicitly or implicitly some of the problems solved by the present invention, among which is the use of the upwardly flowing wai;er as the means to thrust a rider up an incline and beyond 2 c) the flow generating apparatus. Frenzl teaches in the instance of "torrential flow" that the function of his structure, "allow(s) the practicing of surf riding and other similar sports, as the sloping of the v at bottom results in the possibility for the water skier to keep his balance in 2'.> an equilibrium position depending on the one hand, on an upwardly directed force ascribable to the drag o;r resistance of the carrier board or boards dipped into the stream of wai;er and, on the other hand, on a downwardly directed force produced by the component o:f the weight of the water skier in a direction parallel with the vat bottom." (Frenzl, Col. 1 lines 49 - 57).
In the instance of a "river type flow", Frenzl teaches that the function of his structure, "allows also practicing; swima>ing. To this end, the swimmer sets the bottom 1 into a slightly sloping position... and he fills the vat almost up to its upper edge.
He resorts then to low speeds for the water stream... The stream of water may W'O 92/03201 ,. :, : ; ,. PCT/l'S91 /0;783 2~~9~8~~_8_ be adjusted, so as to match the speed of the swimmer..." (Frenzl, Col. 4 lines 22).
In both flow descriptions, the entire teaching of Frenzl is for the user of the apparatus to be in equilibrium so that the aquatic sport can be practiced by the user. Either a user is in static equilibrium while skimming the surface of the water or in static equilibrium when swimming through the water. All adjustments to the appliance are directed at creating or sustaining this equilibrium.
Conversely, the teaching of the present invention is to avoid equilibrium. A
rider who achieves equilibrium would oppose the objective for which the ride was designed, i.e., to propel its user up an incline and beyond. Furthermore, in this instance equilibrium is a safety hazard in that other riders who enter the device and are propelled upward could collide with a rider who is in equilibrium.
It is respectfully submitted that Frenzl's structure was designed for equilibrium, and as such, teaches away from the propulsion mechanism as claimed by the subject invention.
Frenzi U.S. Pat. No. 4,905,987 issued Mar. 6, 1990 shows improvements to the appliance disclosed in the Frenzl '402 patent (described above) and in addition shows connected areas for swimming, non-swimming and a whirlpool so that water from the Frenzl '402 appliance is further utilized after outflow thereof.
The primary objective of the Frenzi '987 patent is to improve the start and exit characteristics of the Frenzl '402 appliance by providing a means whereby a user can enter, ride, and exit the appliance to avoid breakdown of the torrential flow.
There is, however, no suggestion in the Frenzi '987 patent that the user of the '402 portion of the structure should desire propulsion (by reason of water flow) up the floor's incline, rather, the express purpose of the '402 portion of the 3 0 structure is "to carry out water gliding sports" on top of the upwardly sheeting flow. Furthermore, a Frenzi participant enters the appliance and starts his ride subsequent to the flow directing nozzle, whereas in the subject invention a participant always enters and starts the ride prior to encountering the flow directing nozzle. Finally, Frenzi does not contemplate user movement from the '402 portion of the structure to other portions (e.g., swim channel or whirlpool) of his device. In fact, Frenzi describes a catch grate as a vertical terminator that V~'() 92/03201 ~ PCT/1591/0;78~
_9_ prohibits movement o~f a user and his riding equipment to other portions of the flow system. For the above stated reasons, it is respectfully submitted that Frenzi teaches away f.'rom thE: subject invention.
Frenzl U.S. Pat. No. 9:,564,190 issued Jan. 14, 1986 shows improvements to the appliance for practicing aquatic sports using gliding devices (as disclosed in the Frenzl '402 patent) by introduction of a device that removes water from an upwardly sloping bottom suri:ace which has been slowed down by friction at the boundary faces and returns the water to a pumping system to thereby increase the flow rate and thus. eliminate the deleterious effects of slowed down water.
Frenzl '190 is quickly distinguished from the subject invention on two bases.
First, the structure ar.~d operation of Frenzl '190 is limited to an appliance for practicing aquatic sports using gliding devices. Consequently, the desired function of a Frenzl participant is to glide over the water that is re-injected into 1 S the uphill flow. Conversely, it is desired by a participant in the subject invention to be embraced by the re-injected water and either be accelerated or de-accelerated to approach the flow of this re-injected water. To glide over such re-injected water is to thwart this "embracing" objective. Secondly, a Frenzl'190 participant can enter and start his ride subsequent to the apertures that re-2C inject accelerated watE:r, whereas in the subject invention a participant always enters and starts the ride prior to encountering the re-injected accelerated water. For the above .>tated reasons, it is respectfully submitted that Frenzl '190 teaches away from the subject invention.
25 Bacon U.S. Pat. No. 3,830,161 issued Aug. 20, 1974 discloses a flume amusement ride wherein watE~r is pumped to a channel at the top of the ride, passengers in boats are mechanically conveyed to this top water channel, the boats guided by the walls of the water channel proceed to a steep down chute portion which includes two adjacent water channels into which boats are 30 alternately directed by a gate, thus, safely increasing the dispatch interval between boats in the flume ride. After an initial descent, provision is made to use the speed attained to encounter a jump which permits the boat to climb upwand upon a track over the jump and then back down to a channel splash doR-n. As the boat riders up on the tracks the water flowing in the channel passes 35 under these tracks in a trough. The boat does not contact the water until in comes doarn from the jump. The similarity of Bacon '161 to the subject invention N'() 92/(132(11 , PCT/L S91/0578~

is limited to ride profile. In function, the boat is not even in contact with the water when it begins its upward incline, rather, the boat is on a track and its operation is analogous to a gravity driven roller coaster. Consequently, Bacon '161 has no relevance to the present invention.
Bacon U.S. Pat. No. 3,853,067 issued Dec. 10, 1974 discloses a boat amusement ride wherein water is pumped to a channel at the top of the ride, passengers in boats are mechanically conveyed to this top water channel, the boats guided by the walls of the water channel float to a steep down chute portion, the boats individually descend to the rides low point and then recover significant elevation within a common trough with the water. To facilitate start-up, a dam is provided at the top of the downchute. When enough water is accumulated behind the dam it is opened and the mass of water travels along the downchute and up the subsequent rise portion, thus "priming" the ride.
On the surface, Bacon '067 appears very similar to the "Stabilization/Equalization Process", "Elevation Enhancement Process" and "VVaterCoaster" embodiments of the subject invention, however, there are four significant structural and functional distinctions. First, Bacon '067 is linnited to a "boat amusement ride" . The subject invention has no such limitation, riders sliding in bathing suits without the aid of a "boat" type riding device will also function admirably. Second, the water in Bacon '067 is introduced only at the "top at the beginning of the ride" (see column 2 line 36). In the subject invention, water is introduced after the rider has attained an initial start velocity in the conventional manner as known to those skilled in the art. Such introduction is by definition not at the beginning of the ride. Thirdly, Bacon '067 teaches that once being lifted to the top most portion of the ride, the water and the passenger carrying boats thereon, "will move only by gravity" (see column lines 37 through 40). The subject invention teaches that rider and vehicle 3 0 motion can be augmented by high speed jets of water, and that such augmentation can be in addition or in opposition to the force of gravity.
Furthermore, if such augmentation occurs as the result of one of the acceleration embodiments as described herein, one may (a) ride faster downhill, (b) ride further in distance horizontally, and (c) ride uphill a greater distance than had the subject invention not been used. Fourth, Bacon identifies and proposes a solution to the problem of carrying water through the rising portion of the ~1 () 92/03201 PC'T/ l'S91 /0783 trough, especially during the rides start mode. Bacon introduces a dam at the top/start of the ride. ~~Vhen enough water has accumulated behind this dam it is opened and the mass of water travels along the downchute and up the subsequent rise portion, thus "priming" the ride. The subject invention solves the problem associated with upward water flow during the start mode by either introducing vents or reconfiguring the riding surface to facilitate water clearing in the subsequent rise portion of the ride. For the above stated reasons, it is respectfully submitted that E~acon'067 teaches away from the subject invention.
t c) BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF' THE PRESEl~'T INVENTION
The primary objectives of the ;present invention is to provide a safe, entertaining and functional water pride in which participants are propelled in a downward, horizontal or upward direction by means of a high velocity flow of water.
1 '.~
The advantages of such an attraction are numerous. First, in the instance of accelerating propulsion devices, it will enable a whole range of water ride activities that have as yet been unavailable to the public. Specifically, participants will be able to e~Perience the thrill of riding in a downward 20 direction at a rate of acceleration in excess of that afforded by the force of gravity. Additionally, participants will be able to ride in a horizontal direction and accelerate without the rcaquirement of losing one's vertical elevation.
More uniquely, a participar.~t will be able to slide uphill, clan to a waterslide in reverse. Furthermore, due to the force of the propellant water, the participant 2'_> can be made to achieve a hei~,~ht that is in excess of the initial start height. Such an embodiment will enable ttie advantage of creating a water powered escalator, i.e, enabling participants to move to higher elevations without the need of climbing stairs (as is currently the norm in most water recreation facilities).
Additionally, this embodiment could be configured to permit handicapped 3 C) individuals who cannot climb stairs to enter and ride a water oriented sliding attraction starting from the ground level.
A second objective of the present invention is to inject non-accelerating flows of water into a water ride that recovers in elevation following the bottom of a 3 ~> doa-nchute portion. Such injection has the advantage of providing a stabilizing N'() 92/032(11 f'CT/L 591/0;783 influence for the rider/vehicle, especially those instances where rider/vehicle coefficients of friction may vary.
A third objective of the present invention is the design of a water ride flume that will not only allow upward rider/vehicle movement, but will concurrently function to solve the transient surge problems associated with ride start-up and slow rider transitioning upon upwardly inclined riding surfaces.
A fourth objective of the present invention re to connect the present invention 1 0 with a standard water slide/ride; and, in series to create a water slidelride configuration that is akin to a rollercoaster. This "Water Coaster" attraction has advantage over existing water slides (and even existing roller coaster rides), in that the continuation (kinetic energy) of a slider's ride is not limited to the initial potential energy gained from climbing to the top of the slide. Rather, by timely interjection of a properly configured high speed jet of water, the kinetic energy of said jetted water can transfer and accelerate a rider to enable the rider to attain an altitude (increased potential energy) in excess of an altitude that would be achieved absent said jetted flow. The degree to which a rider will achieve "excess altitude" is a function of the velocity and amount of water that contacts and remains in contact with the rider during the course of his ascent.
Upon reaching his apogee a rider transitions and either is blasted by another jet to continue his ascent, or is blasted horizontally, or, the rider descends along a path and in the manner of a standard water slide/ride to either a standard splash pool/transition zone, or to another jetted flow of stabilizing or accelerating water. Furthermore, the Water Coaster embodiment can include all the standard twists, turns, jumps, and loops normally associated with a Roller Coaster.
A fifth objective of the present invention is to create a ride out of water that is 3 0 ordinarily pumped uphill in an enclosed pipe. The advantage of such an improvement is that it more e~ciently makes use of an existing condition, i.e., if water is going to be pumped uphill in any event. (e.g.. to aervicP a fo~,ts~in~
waterslide or other gravity enhanced water attraction), then, one can obtain the benefit of riding (at minimal extra cost) such water that is already being upwardly pumped.

12a 2 4 g g 5 $ 0 According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a propulsion module for incorporating into a water slide, comprising a segment of ride surface sized and configured to receive and support a rider or ride vehicle traveling along the water slide, at least one flow-forming nozzle positioned along the segment of ride surface and in fluid communication with one or more apertures adapted to inject a sheet of jet-water flow onto the segment of ride surface in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of the rider or ride vehicle, a:nd one or more vents disposed along either or both sides of the segment of ride surface for draining slower moving water.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kit for constructing a water ride, comprising:
one o:r more ride surface segments sized and configured to receive and support a rider or ride vehicle and adapted to be connected end-to-end to form a substantially continuous length of elongated ride surface;
one or more propulsion modules, each including a segment of ride surface, at least one flow-forming nozzle positioned underneath the segment of ride surface and having one or more apertures adapted to inject a sheet o:f jet-water flow onto the segment of ride surface in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of a rider or ride vehicle traveling along the continuous length of elongated ride surface; and a dist:ribut:ion manifold for receiving water under pressure i=rom a source and for safely delivering the water under pressure to each of the propulsion modules.

12b 2089580 According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kit for constructing a water ride, comprising:
one or more ride surface segments sized and configured to receive and support a rider or ride vehicle and adapted to :be connected end-to-end to form a substantially c~~ntinuous length of elongated ride surface;
one or more propulsion modules, each including a segment of ride surface, at least one flow-forming nozzle positioned along the segment of ride surface and having one or more apertures adapted to inject a sheet of jet-water flow onto the segment of ride surface in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of a rider or ride vE~hicle traveling along the continuous length of elongated ride surface; and one or more vents disposed along either or both sides of at lea;~t one of the ride surface segments for draining slower moving water.
According t:o a further aspect of the present invention, there' is provided a flow-forming nozzle for incorporating into a ~nrater slide, comprising an inlet portion adapted to receive water under pressure from a source and an outlet portion comprising one or more elongated apertures having an overall shape and configuration conforming to the cross section of the ride surface of the water slide and adapted to inject a~sheet of jet-water flow onto the water slide in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of a rider or ride vehicle riding on the slide so as to increase, decrease or maintain t:he velocity of the rider or ride vehicle.
According t.o a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a modular ride surface for incorporating into a water ride, comprising a plurality 12c of ride surface segments adapted to be connected end-to-end to form a continuous length of elongated ride surface, each the ride surface segments being sized and configured to receives and support a rider or ride vehicle traveling along the elongated ride surface and comprising a smooth lower support surface and one or more vents disposed along either or both sides of the support surface for draining slower moving water.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a water flume ride comprising a plurality of ride surface segments sized and configured to receive and support a rider or ride vehicle and connected together to form a substantially continuous length of elongated ride surface and one or more vents disposed along .=ither or both sides of the ride surface for draining slower moving water from the ride surface.

V'() 92/(13201 PCT/1~S91/OS783 Other objectives and goals will be apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings included herewith.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWIrTGS
FIG. 1A is a top view of a propulsion module.
FIG. 1B is a side view of a propulsion module.
FIG. 1C is a side view of a series of connected propulsion modules and a rider theron.
1 '.~ FIG. 2 depicts a nozzle W th adjusting aperture sized to perform for a single participant waterslide propulsion module.
FIG. 3A is a top view of of a module with right angle channel walls.
2 c~ FIG. 3B is a perspectiive view of a module with right angle channel walls.
FIG. 3C illustrates a module with riding surface integrated with channel walls into a parabolic half pipe configuration.
2'.~ FIG. 4A depicts a rider in a half pipe shaped module negotiating a turn.
FIG. 4B shows a top ~~iew of ~a module with nozzles entering from the side walls.
FIG. 4C shows a perspective view of a module with nozzles entering from the 3 ~~ side walls.
FIG. 4D shows a pert>pective,view of a nnodule with nozzles positioned above the rider.
3 ~ FIG. 5A depicts a module with channel walls and a "porous vent" mechanism.

V1 () 92/03201 PCT/~'S91 /0;783 -. .~

FIG. 5B is a perspective view of an "overflow vent" mechanism, further described as a Triple Flume.
FIG. 5C shows in cross section the Triple Flume.
FIG. 5D depicts a rider in the Triple Flume.
FIG 5E is one in a series of three illustrations that depicts in time-lapse sequence the self clearing capability of an upwardly inclined Triple Flume.

FIG 5F is the second vi a series of three illustrations that depicts in time-lapse sequence the self clearing capability of an upwardly inclined Triple Flume.
FIG 5G is third in a series of three illustrations that depicts in tame-lapse 1 ~ sequence the self clearing capability of an upwardly inclined Triple Flume.
FIG 5H is a perspective view of an "overflow vent" mechanism, further described as a Double Flume.
2 C FIG 5I shows in cross .section the Double Flume.
FIG 5J shows a rider during various stages of a turn on the Double Flume.
FIG 5K is one in a series of three illustrations that depicts in time-lapse 2~ sequence the self clearing capability of an upwardly inclined Double Flume.
FIG 5L is the second vi a series of three illustrations that depicts in tame-lapse sequence the self clearing capability of an upwardly inclined Double Flume.
3 C FIG 5A'! is third in a series of 'three illustrations that depicts in time-lapse sequence the self clearing capability of an upwardly inclined Double Flume.
FIG. 6A depicts a generalized view of a three module Horizontal Accelerator with rider.
z~
FIG. 6B depicts a Horizontal Accelerator in operation.

X10 92/032(11 PCT/1~S91/05783 FIG. 7A depicts a generalized view of a three module Upward Accelerator with rider.
FIG. 7B depicts a Upward Accelerator in operation.
FIG. 8A depicts a generalized view of a three module Downward Accelerator with rider.
1 C FIG. 8B depicts a Downward ,Accelerator in operation.
FIG. 9 shows a generalized view of the Horizontal Non-Accelerating Propulsor.
FIG. 10 shows a generalized view of the Upward Non-Accelerating Propulsor.
~5 FIG. 11 shows a generalized view of the Downward Non-Accelerating Propulsor.
FIG. 12 illustrates the problems that occurred in the prior art when varying riders encountered a Erection profile of a water amusement ride wherein partial 20 altitude recoupment occurs.
FIG. 13 is a generalized view of a section profile of a water amusement ride that solves the problems as illustrated in FIG. 12 and is described as the Stabilization /Equalization Process.
2 ~>
FIG. 14 illustrates thE: limitations that occurred in the prior art when varying riders encountered a E>ection profile of a water amusement ride wherein partial altitude recoupment occurs.
3C) FIG. 15 is a generalized view of a section profile of a water amusement ride that overcomes the limitations as illustrated in FIG. 14 and is described as the Elevation Enhancement Process.
FIG. 16 depicts the Water Coaster embodiment of the subject invention 3;> highlighting Accelerator technology and the Elevation Enhancement Process.

~1'O 92/03201 PCT/L'S91/0578~

FIG. 17 depicts the Water Coaster embodiment of the subject invention highlighting Propulsor technology and the StabilizationlEqualization Process.
~~ REFERENCE
N~:RALS
IN
DRAWINGS

21 Module 22 Water Source 23 Flow Control V~9.lve 24 Flow Forming Nozzle 25 Smooth Riding Surface 26 Module Connection 27 Channel Wall 28 Adjustable Nozzle Aperture 1 29 Rider 30 Jet-Water Flow ~

31 Aperture Plate 32 Tunnel Arch 33 Transient Surge 34 Porous Vent 35 Triple Flume 36 Overflow Flume 37 Overflow Water 38 Porous Overflow Vent 2~~39 Double Flume 40 Horizontal Accelerator 41 End of Horizontal Accelerator42 Upward Accelerator 43 End of Upward Accelerator 44 Downward Accelerator C~

45 End of Downward Accf:lerator46 Horizontal Non-Accelerating Pro~ulsor 47 End of Horizontal Non-Accelerating Propulsor ..

48 Ride Continuation Path ontalNon-Accelerating Propulsor) (Horiz Pcr/tvs91 /o~~H~
V1'() 92/()32(11 ;
-1?-49 Upward Non-A.ccelera,~ting Propulsor 50 End of Upward Non-Accelerating Propulsor ~>
51 Ride Continuaidon Path (Upward Non-Accelerating Propulsor) 52 Downward Non-Accelerating Propulsor 1 t) 53 End of Downward Non-Accelerating Propulsor 54 Ride Continuation Path (Downward Non-Accelerating Propulsor) 55 Start Basin (prior art) 1 '.~
56 Attraction Surface (prior art) 57 Preferred Traj~ectary 20 58 Airborne Trajectory 59 Failed Trajectory 60 Attraction Surface (St,abilizationlEqualization) 2~
61 Start Basin (without Elevation Enhancement Process) 62 Attraction Surface (without Elevation Enhancement Process) 30 63 Unaided Trajectory 64 Unaided Zenith 65 Attraction Surface (Elevation Enhancement Process) z5 66 Zenith (Elevation Enhancement Process) W (> 92/032(11 PCT/L S91 /0;78 ~~ ~ g ~ ~i '~'(~
_~ 8_ 69 Water Coaster 70 Attraction Surface (Water Coaster) ?1 Structural Supports ?2 Start Basin (Water Coaster) 1 0 73 End Basin (Water Coaster) 74 Surge Tank 1 S The subject invention is comprised of several embodiments that can stand alone or be combined to function for the recreational purposes as described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PRESENT INVENTION
To facilitate a concise description of the multiplicity of embodiments set forth in this invention, and to avoid burdensome repetition, a modular approach has been taken to define a set of common elements that are central to each embodiment. The modve is only grouped for purposes of convenience and is not 2S intended to limit the scope of the invention, or the structure or function of the respective components that comprise the module. Furthermore, the size of the components that comp~zse a module is a function of intended use. The preferred embodiments as hereal~er described are intended for single parti~pant use, akin to the common waterslide. It is understood by those schooled in the art that with proper upsizing the subject invention could also accommodate multiple riders simultaneously. Likewise, with suitable adjustment for weight, friction ~nr~ cprfa_rP chapel the ~y~,je~t ink yr~~ i ~~,vuid oei vii.e BWgie iii r~ulti-passenger sliding vehicles, wheelf:d vehicles, or boats, thus allowing participants to become bathing suit wet or remain street clothes dry.
z;
J J

N'() 92/03201 PCT/L~S91/0~783 Turning now to Fig. 1A (top view) and Fig. 1B (side view) there is illustrated a propulsion module 21 comprised of a high flow / high pressure water source 22;
a flow control valve 2;~; a flow forming nozzle 24 with adjustable aperture 28; a discrete jet-water flow 80 with arrow indicating the predetermined direction of '.p motion; and a substantially smooth riding surface 25 over which jet-water flow 80 flows. Module 21 is made of suitable materials, for example, resin impregnated fiberglass, concrete, gunite, sealed wood, vinyl, acrylic, metal or the like, and is joined by appropriate water-tight seals in end to end relation.
FIG.1C (side view) depicts a rider 29 (with arrow indicating the predetermined direction of motion) sliding upon a series of connected modules. Connections 26a, 26b and 26c between modules 21a, 21b, and 21c permit an increase in overall length of the subject invention as operationally, spatially, and financially desired. Connection 2.6 can result from bolting, gluing, or continuous casting of module 21 in an end to end fashion. When connected, the riding surface 25 of 1=> each module need be s~ubstan~tially in-line with and flush to its connecting module to permit a rider 29 who is sliding thereon and the jet-water SO which flows thereon to respectively transition in a safe and smooth manner. When a module has nozzles 29t that emerge from a position along the length of the riding surface 25 (as depicted in FIC~. 1C), it is preferred that the non-nozzle end of the 2 C) riding surface 25 extend to and overlap the top of a connecting nozzle 24 at connection 26. FurthE~r to this configuration, it is also preferred that the bottom of nozzle 24 extend and serve as riding surface 25. Module 21 can also be connected in the convf:ntional manner to standard waterslide or water-ride attraction flumes as cvrrentlvr exist in the art.
C~
Module 21 length can vary depending on desired operational performance characteristics and desired construction techniques or shipping parameters.
Module 21 width can lbe as narrow as will permit one participant to ride in a seated or prone position with legs aligned with the direction of water flow 3 C) [roughly .5 meters (20 inches;)], and as wide as will permit multiple participants to simultaneously ride abreast or a passenger vehicle to function. The driving mechanism which generates the water pressure for the water source 22 can either be a pump or an elevated reservoir. Where a series of modules are connected, a single high press>ure source or pump with a properly designed 3'_> manifold could provide the requisite service, or in the alternative, s separate pump for each module could t>e configured. The line size of the water source N'() 92/03201 PCT/l'S91/OS783 2 ~J ~~ g~ ~; ~.

need be of sufficient G3pacity to permit the requisite configuration and pressure of jet-water flow 30 to issue from nozzle 24. The water pressure at nozzle aperture can vary depending upon desired operational characteristics. In a single participant waterslide setting, nozzle pressure can range from '.> appro~mately 5 psi to 250 psi depending upon the following factors: (1) size and configuration of nozzle opening; (2) the weight and friction of rider relative to the riding surface; (3) the consistency of riding surface friction; (4) the speed at which the rider enters the flow; (5) the physical orientation of the rider relative to the flow; (6) the angle of incline or decline of the riding surface; and (7) the desired increase or decrease in speed of rider due to flow-to-rider kinetic energy transfer. In a water ride attraction that utilizes vehicles, nozzle pressure range can be higher or lower given that vehicles can be designed to withstand higher pressures than the human body and can be configured for greater efficiency in kinetic energy transfer. The flow control valve 23 is used to adjust pressure and 1 '> flow as operational parameters dictate and can be remotely controlled and programmed. Nozzle 24 is formed and positioned to emit jet-water flow 80 in a direction substantially parallel to and in the lengthwise direction of riding surface 25 through adjustablE~ aperture 28. To enable continuity in rider throughput and water flow, when modules are connected in series for a given 2C~ attraction, all nozzles should'be aligned in the same relative direction to augment rider movement. Riding surface 25 need be of sufficient structural integrity to support the weight of a human riderCs), vehicle, and water moving thereupon. It is also preferred that Riding surface 25 have a low-coe$icient of friction to enable jet-water 30 to flow and rider 29 to move with minimal loss of 25 speed due to drag. The condition of jet-water flow 30 (i.e., temperature, turbidity, Ph, residual chlorine count, salinity, etc.) is standard pool, lake, or ocean condition water suitable for human swimming.
Nozzle 24 dimensions are a function of available water flow and pressure and 3 G the desired performance and capacity characteristics of the module as further described herein. FIG. 2 shows a perspective of the preferred embodiment for a nozzle 24 sized to perform for a single participant. flat br_,~tomod Q.awrsl,3c module. Curved bottom riding surfaces would perform more efficiently with bottom originating no2:zle 24 and Aperture 28 conformed to the cross-sectional ~ curvature of the curved r~idingv surface. Aperture 28 of nozzle 24 can either be fixed or adjustable. The preferred embodiment uses an aperture capable of ~ () 92/032(11 ~ f PCC/1~S91 /05783 adjustment. Ideally, adjustment should allow for variations in thickness and width of jet-water flow 30. For example, but not by way of limitation, the breadth c of nozzle aperture 28 can range from 1J2 cm to 40 cm. The width d of nozzle aperture 28 can range from 20 cm to 200 cm. A multiplicity of '~ adjustment devices are capable of effecting proper aperture control, e.g.' screw or bolt fastened plates, welded plates, valves, moveable weirs or slots, etc.
Many of such devices are capable of automatic remote control and programing. FIG. 2 shows in exploded view bolted aperture plate 31 fastened to adjust aperture opening to operational: requirements. Although just one large nozzle 24 is illustrated, multiple smaller nozzles can be packaged to achieve similar flow and aperture size characteristics with satisfactory results. For multiple participant or large vehicle configuration's, additional nozzles can be placed side by side to increase the horizontal flow area, or one large nozzle can function. It is also possible to vary the number and relative location of nozzles) 24 within a given 1 ~~ module, so long as they serve to propel a rider or vehicle as contemplated herein.
RZodule 21 can function with or without channel walls. Furthermore, channel walls are capable of multiple configurations and can at times act as a riding surface. FIG. 1A, FIC~. 1B, and FIG. 1C depicted module 21 without channel walls. FIG. 3A (top view) and FIG. 3B (perspective view) illustrates module 21 with right angle channel walls 27a and 27b. FIG. 3C shows module 21 with channel walls 27c and 27d in a half pipe configuration, with riding surface 25 and channel walls 27 :integrated into the shape of a parabola. Conventional channel wall shapes vary substantially between the ranges as described in FIG.
lA-C and FIG. 3 A-C. Functionally, when compared to a flat riding surface the addition of channel walls has three important advantages: First, as shown in FIG. 4A, module 21 with properly configured channel walls 27e and 27f will allow the introduction of compound curves to the riding surface 25 that permit rider 29 and jet-water flow 30 to ride-up the side of the channel wall in a 3 0 banking turn, oscillat,: between walls when coming out of the turn, yet stay azthin the riding surfiace region defined by the flume channel walls 27e and 27f.
Vfithout channel wall:>, a rider is limited to his initial direction of motion and would not be able to negotiatE: a turn unless acted upon by some outside force.
The second advantage: of channel walls is shown in FIG. 4B (top view) and FIG.
3 ~; 4C (perspective view), wherein channel walls 27a and 27b due to their structural nature enable nozzles 24a and 24b to easily originate from the side W() 92/03201 PcrW syWO~~s~
2~$9~~ ..
-~2-rather than the bottonn of module 21. When nozzle 24 is positioned on the side, it is permissible to direct jet-water flow 30 that emits from such nozzle towards the center line path of rider 29 and at an angle slightly askew from the lengthwise direction o:f riding surface 25 so as to insure a positive contact with '_> rider 29. Likewise, as shown in Wig. 4D, it is possible to position nozzles 24a and 24b above the riding surface 25 on a tunnel arch 82 or some other support structure. The third advantage for channel walls is their safety function, i.e., they keep a rider within the confines of the flume and prevent untimely rider exits and injury sustaining falls from an elevated riding surface.
In counterpoint to the previously described channel wall advantage of tracking rider and water within the region defined by the flume channel walls, channel walls can have the disadvantage of confining excess water and allowing an undesirable build-up that can adversely effect the operation of module 21.
This 1 ~~ undesirable build-up is particularly acute in an upward directed flow and occasionally a problem in a horizontally directed flow. In both cases, this build-up will most likely occur during three stages of operation, (1) water flow start-up with no rider present; (2) transferring the kinetic energy of the operating high speed flow of water to a slower speed rider; and (3) cumulative build-up of injected water from a series of nozzles along a ride course. In the start-up situation (1) , due to the gradual build up of water flow associated with pump/motor phase in or valve opening, the initial water flow is often of less volume, velocity or pressure tlhan that which issues later. Consequently, this initial start w ater is pushed by the stronger flow, higher pressure, or faster 2 ~ water that issues thereafter. Such pushing results in a build-up of water (a hydraulic jump or transient surge) at the leading edge of the flow. An upward incline of the riding surface serves only to compound the problem, since the greater the transient surge, the greater the energy that is required to continue pushing such surge in an upward fashion. Consequently, the transient surge 3 C' will continue to build rind if unrelieved will result in overall flow velocity decay, i.e., the slowed water c;suses additional water to pile up and ultimately collapse back onto itself into a turbulent mass of bubbling white water that. marks the termination of the predominantly unidirectional jet-water flow. In the situation of kinetic energy transfer (2), when a slow rider encounters the faster flowing water, a transient surge builds behind the rider. Likewise, if this transient surge grows to large it will choke the flow of higher speed unidirectional jetted N'() 92/03201 PCT/L~S91 /0783 water, thus, causing flow decay. In the situation of an excessive build up of water over time from a series of nozzles along the course of a ride (3), the interference of a preceding flow with a subsequent flow can result in an undesired transient surge and flow decay at a point near where the two flows '_> meet. Under all three conditions, it is possible to eliminate the transient surge by immediately increasing the flow pressure and over-powering or washing the transient surge off the riding surface. However, there comes a point where the build-up of water volume is so great that for all practical purposes over-powering is either impossible, o:r at best a costly solution to a problem capable of less expensive solution. Such less expensive solution is possible by the introduction of vents. Modules with no (or relatively low height) channel walls are self venting, i.e., the slower water' will escape to the sides. By introducing vents to channel wall situation,, one c.an combine the aforementioned advantages of channel walls (i.e., tra.cking, structure and safety) with the self venting 1 '_~ properties of no channel walls and simultaneously solve the start-up, rider induced, and excessivE: accumulation transient surge problems.
Two classes of vent mechanisms are identifiable for use in module 21. The first class, "porous vents", its illustrated in FIG. 5A wherein rider 29 is in an inclined 2C) module 21 with chanr.~el walls 27a and 27b. Jet-water flow 30 is already issuing from nozzle 24 when rider 29 enters its flow. Since the velocity of jet-water flow 30 is moving at a rate greater than the speed of the entering rider, a transient surge 33 will build behind the rider. This build-up can be eliminated by draining the slowed water through a porous vent 34a, 34b, 34c, or 34d along 2'_> the sides of channel 2'7a and 27b or through porous vent 34e along the bottom of riding surface 25. Porous vents 34 must large enough to permit transient surge 33 to vent, yet not too large s~o as to adversely affect the safety or performance of a rider or riding vehicle that ;is moving over the surface 25. Acceptable types of porous vent openings include a multiplicity of small holes, a porous fabric, slots, 3 C) grids, etc. The water once vented can be recirculated to the water source 22.
The second class of vent mechanism to be used in module 21 can be described as an overflow vent or a "flume within a flume". Two preferred embodiments specific to this class are hereinafter referred to as the Triple Flume and the Double Flume. The Triple Flume has the advantage of permitting higher degrees of predominantly straight upward incline than the Double Flume, while V~'O 92/03201 PCT/1 591/0;783 ~~~~~~~~~24-the Double Flume has. the advantage of permitting radical uphill curves that are not available to th.e ~5riple Flume. Although the'I~iple Flume and the Double Flume are described in the conte$t of module 21, they are both capable of individual attachment; to conventional non-injected water rides for the self '.t clearing purposes as F~reviously described.
FIG. 5B shows a perspective view of a ~iple Flume 85 self venting improvement to module 21. FIG. 5(; shows a cross-sectional ~iple Flume 85 profile.
Structurally, ~-iple Fllume 35 is comprised of riding surface 25 and two adjacent 1 C) overflow flumes 36a and 36b. Riding surface 25 is integrated with or connected to two low rise channel walls 27f and 27g of approximately equal height.
Overflow flume 36a abuts and integrates, connects, or shares low rise channel wall 27f and on its opposite slide integrates or connects to high channel wall 27h.
Overflow flume 36b abuts and integrates, connects, or shares low rise channel 1 '_i wall 27g and on its opposite side integrates or connects to high channel wall 27i.
The orientation of'I~iple Fluzne 35 is predominantly at an upward incline with jet-water flow and rider moving in an upward direction on riding surface 25, and any overflow water that spill:; into overflow flume 36a and 36b moving in a doR-nward direction due to the force of gravity. Horizontal application of Triple 2C~ Flume 35 is also appropriate :in those circumstances where transient surge build up interferes with the smooth. jet-water flow. However, during any horizontal application overflow flume 36a and 36b must maintain a sufficient degree of slope to permit overflow water to properly drain. In ~5riple Flume 35, the heights of low channel walls 27f and 27g are variable depending upon a number 2'> of factors, e.g., the initial start-up water pressure and flow; the time required to achieve full operating water pressure and flow; the volume of riding surface (i.e., riding surface width multiplied by wall height); the length and degree of incline of riding surface 25; t:he disparity of velocity between a slow entering rider and the higher speed flow; the flow volume of accumulating water; and 3 0 design preference as tA~ wheth.er rider transfer from one flume to another is to be encouraged, etc. At a minimum, as shown in FIG. 5D, the height of low channel walls 27f and 27g must be sufficient to separate the upward jet-water flow 30 from the downward owerflow water 37 , as well as, facilitate traclang of a rider 29 substantially upon riding surface 25. At a maximum, low channel walls 3 ~~ 27f and 27g must not exceed such height that will prevent the clearing of transient surge 33. From a practical view point to avoid redundancy, low 11'() 92/(13201 PC'T/1~S91/0~78~

channel walls 27f and 27g will always be less than that which would be required for high channel wall 27h and 27i. Overflow flumes 36a and 36b are of at least su.flicient size to accommodate any overflow water 37, and may also be increased in size to function as iTaditional downward oriented participant riding surfaces.
In this latter instance:, it would be possible to have a rider moving upward on primary riding surface 25 and two riders moving downward in overflow flumes 36a and 36b. High channel walls 27h and 27i are of standard ride height to prevent unwanted rider exits from Triple Flume 35.
1 t) As previously discussed, one of the operational benefits of Triple Flume unique design occurs primarily in the context of horizontal or upward directed flows during either th.e water' flow start-up procedure with no rider present, or when a lower speed rider encounters a higher speed water flow, or in the situation of an excessive accumulation of injected water. In the standard start 1 '.~ up procedure, a time )lag usualy exists between initial start-up operating flow and pressure and hill operating flow and pressure. This delay exists due to the time it takes to get a :Now control valve 23 fully open, or if already open, the time it takes to get the pump or other means of water supply up to full operating speed or efficiency. FIG. 5E, 5F, and 5G show in time lapse sequence how the 2 c) design of Triple Flume 35 operates to solve the problem of a pressureJflow lag during start-up. In FIG. 5E jiet-water flow 30 has commenced issue in an uphill direction from nozzle 24. As jet-water flow 30 moves up riding surface 25 the leading edge of water flow is slowed down by a combination of the downward force of gravity and friction v~rith riding surface 25, whereupon, it is overtaken 2'.~ and pushed by the faster ands stronger flow of water that subsequently issues from nozzle 24. The result of this flow dynamic is that a transient surge 33 begins to build. However, as transient surge 33 builds, it reaches the height of low channel walls 27f and 27g and commences to spill into overflow flumes 36a and 36b. Since overf);ow flumes 36a and 36b are at an incline, overflow water 3 n 37a and 37b flows downhill attributable to the force of gravity to porous overflow vents 38a and 38b, whereupon, it will drain and either be pump recycled to the watxr srno_rcP '22 nr "sad Ln some o~~;er fa jhuon. z'IG 5F
shows this start procedure rnoments later wherein the water pressurelflow rate from water source 22 or flow control valve 23 has increased and transient surge 33 has moved further up the incline. Overflow water 37a and 37b continues to pour in and run dowr.~ to porous overflow vents 38a and 38b. FIG 5G shows the V1'O 92/03201 PCT/L!S91/0~783 final stage of start-up wherein the transient surge 83 has been pushed over the top of rising riding suzface 25 and jet-water flow 30 now runs clear. Similar to the start-up procedure, when a lower speed rider encounters the higher speed water, or when an acc~imulative build-up of water results from a series of injected water flows, a transient surge may occur. In like manner, the transient surge will clear by spilling off to the overflow flumes and draining accordingly.
Operationally, Triple l~ lame 35 is limited to predominantly straight sections since the height of the low channel walls 27f and 27g are insufficient to contain rider 29 to the inside slope of any significant arc's radius of curvature due to the centrifugal acceleration of rider 29. Consequently, if one attempted to significantly curve Triple Flusne 35, the centrifugal force associated with high velocity water would cause rider and water to jump the outside low rise channel wall into the overflow flume. Despite the inability of Triple Flume 35 to allow significant changes in direction, the principal advantage that Triple Flume 35 has over existing art is its ability to achieve a smooth upward jet-water flow and retain this smooth jetted flow at high degrees of incline under a broad range of operating water flow variables.
FIG. 5H shows a perspective view and FIG. 5I shows a cross-section of a modified design of the overflow vent or "flume within a flume" self=venting embodiment, hereafter referrE:d to as a Double Flume 89. Structurally, Double Flume 39 is comprisecL of riding surface 25 and a overflow flume 36c. Riding surface 25 is integrated or corrnected on one side to a low rise channel wall 27j and on the other side 1;o a high channel wall 27k. Overflow flume 3sc abuts and integrates, connects or shares low rise channel wall 27j and on its opposite side integrates or connects to a high channel wall 27L. On the one hand, as a consequence of having only one side to vent from, Double Flume 39 does not vent as efficiently as Triple Flume 35, and accordingly, is unable to achieve the high degrees of inclined steep:ness as Triple Flume 35. On the other hand, 3 C because of the integration of lugh channel wall 27k with riding surface 25, Double Flume 39 can lbe configured to permit high degrees of curvature with rider 29 being safely contained on the inside slope of high channel wall 27k.
FIG. 5J illustrates this ability of Double Flume 39 to allow upwardly inclined turns. FIG. 5J shows rider 29 in varying stages of a turn on Double Flume 39 3 ~ R-ith portions of transient surge 33 spilling into overflow flume 36c, whereupon this overflow water 3fc gravity drains to porous overflow vent 38c. The ability PCT/1~591 /0~78:~
~1'() 92/032(11 _27_ of Double Flume 39 to allow uphill turns as well as self vent is a unique and significant advantage over the existing art. The radius of arc, degrees of curvature, left or rigb.t orientation and turn-to-turn connectivity/oscillation that is attainable by Double Flume 39 is substantially similar to that which is currently in use by those skilled in the art of building and operating conventional downhill water rides. However, as distinct from conventional downhill water rides, the orientation of Double Flume 39 is predominantly at an upward incline with jet-water flow and rider moving in an upward direction on riding surface 25, and any overflow water that spills into overflow flume 36c moving in a downward direction due to the force of gravity. Horizontal application of Double Flume may also be appropriate in those circumstances where transient surge build up interferes with the smooth jet-water flow.
However, during any horizontal application overflow flume 36c must maintain a sufficient degree of slope to permit overflow water to properly drain.
1 5 Operationally Double Flume 39 functions in a similar manner to solve the transient surge problems associated with ride start-up, rider transition, and water accumulation as Triple Flume 35 with the exception that overflow water 37c vents only on the one low rise side. FIG. 5K, FIG. 5L and FIG. 5M
illustrates in time lapse sequence how Double Flume 39 operates in the start-up situation to allow self venting and facilitate the desired clear smooth flow.
In this sequence, it can be observed that as jet-water flow 30 progresses up riding surface 25, transient surge 33 builds and spills into overflow flume 36c, whereupon overflow water 37c gravity drains to vent 38c.
To safely take advawtage of the functional propulsive benefits offered by module 21, it is preferred that an entering vehicle or rider 29 attain an initial start velocity prior to module 21 entry. Numerous techniques are available in the existing art to achieve such initial start velocity, for example, a conventional gravity powered declining waterslide or dry slide, or, a mechanized spring or 3 0 hydraulidpneumatic powered ram, etc. It is also preferred that the direction of entry for the vehicle or rider 29 is substantially aligned with the direction of jet-water flow 30. Such alignment is particularly important in the ~crPlPrator emodiments as described herein, so as to insure the most efficient water-to-rider momentum transfer. It is possible for a rider or vehicle to enter jet-water flow 5 30 in an unaligned manner or in direct opposition to its flow. Such entry will result in a larger transient surge and greater velocity reduction, however, care ~'() 92/03201 PCT/ 1 S91 /0;783 20~!~~~~8_ must be taken to avoid tumbling and injury that could result from the angled and impacting jetted water.
The final element of module 21 that requires description is the velocity of jet-s water flow 30 as issued from nozzle 24 relative to the velocity of any object (e.g., a vehicle or rider 29) that slides into or enters jet-water flow 30. This "relative"
velocity will vary depending ,upon the functional purpose of module Z1. If acceleration of an entering object is desired, then, the velocity of the water will be in excess of the object in the pre-determined direction of flow. This instance is further described in the following Horizontal, Upward and Downward Accelerator embodiments. If no acceleration or de-acceleration is desired, then, the velocity of jet-water flow 30 will be equal to or less than the velocity of the entering object. This instance is later described in the Non-Accelerating Propulsor embodiments herein.
DESCRIPTION OF HORI~OI''TAL ACCELERATOR:
Turning now to FIG. nA, there is illustrated a preferred embodiment 2 ~~ hereinafter referred too as Horizontal Accelerator 40 comprised of one or more modules 21a, 21b, and 21c, et seq. The extreme ends 41a and 41b of the Horizontal Accelerator 40 cauz be joined to known water attraction rides (e.g., a standard waterslide or flume ride) to serve as a continuation thereof and as an improvement thereto. The extreme ends 41a and 41b can also be joined to other 2'.~ embodiments of the invention disclosed herein. As further illustrated in FIG.
fiB, the two distinguishing features of the Horizontal Accelerator 40 are that:
(1) the orientation of each module 21 is substantially normal to the force of gravity with nozzle 2Sl and aperture 28 directing jet-water flow 30 substantially parallel to riding surface 25, and at least that portion of riding surface 25 3 ~~ positioned closest to nozzle 24 laying horizontal and normal to the force of graW ty; and (2) that jet-watE~r flow 30 that issues from nozzle 24 moves at a velocity in excess of the veloc.-ity of rider 29 in the predetermined direction of flow. It should be noted that riding surface 25 subsequent to that portion closest to nozzle 24 can gradually vary in incline so as to facilitate connection to other 3~ embodiments of the invention disclosed herein or to other known water attraction rides.

V1() 92/03201 PCT/l'S91/0~78~
2~~~~$.

From the description above, a number of advantages of Horizontal Accelerator 40 becomes evident:
(a) Contrary to conventional attractions, the horizontal layout of the embodiment eliminates the need for a loss of elevation in order to accelerate a participant over a given distance.
(b) The sight, sound, and sensation of horizontal acceleration induced by high 1 C speed jets of water impacting a rider is a thrilling participant and observer experience. Furthermore, the rider can gain speed for increased thrill and in set up for subsequent conventional waterslide maneuvers, e.g., twists, turns, jumps, drops, finale, etc.
1 ~ (c) Increased rider velocity due to acceleration by the high speed jets of water will result in higher through-;put capacity over a given period of time.
Higher through-put capacity results i.n higher participant satisfaction and increased revenue for ride operators.
2 C (d) For those installatiions where rider acceleration is a function of increased attraction elevation, the present embodiment will permit acceleration without the cost of building to the higher elevation.
2~~ OPERATION OF HORIZOri'TAL ACCELERATOR
For purposes of opers3ting Horizontal Accelerator 40, it is assumed that a rider (or rider with vehicle) has attained an initial start velocity in the conventional manner as known to those skilled in the art. Upon achieving this initial start 3 0 velocity, rider 29 first; enters the Horizontal Accelerator 40 at that end which is nearest nozzle 24 and moves .along its length as shown in FIG. 6B. Jet-water flow $0 ori.~Rlnatl_n_o fr(~r~ watc~_r ~n~rra ~2~ ~c" glread>' ~gr~sn F~~~~
avZ2ic 2i when rider 29 enters its flow. Since the velocity of jet-water flow 30 is moving at a rate greater than the speed of the entering rider 29, a transfer of momentum 3 ~~ from the higher speed water to the lower speed rider causes the rider to accelerate and approach the e~peed of the more rapidly moving water. Flow ~1 () 92/03201 . PCT/L'S91 /0,783 control valve 23 and adjustat~le aperture 28 permits adjustment to water flow velocity, thickness, width, and pressure thus ensuring proper rider acceleration.
During this process of transferred momentum, a small transient surge 33 will build behind the rider. Transient surge 83 build-up can be minimized (if desired) by allowing excess build-up to flow over and off the sides of the riding surface 25. If rider 2;~ is in a channel, this build up can either be eliminated by venting transient surge 83 through porous vents 34a and 34b along channel walls 27a and 27b; or by way of porous vent 34e that is incorporated into riding surface 25. Other vent mechanisms, e.g., Triple Flume or Double Flume, could also serve to solve the transient surge problem. Since Horizontal Accelerator can be comprised of one or more modules 21a, 21b, 21c, et seq., (as shown in FIG. 6A) and assuming these modules are properly aligned in substantially the same direction, rider :?9 can move from module 21a to module 21b to module 21c, et seq. with corresponding increases in acceleration caused by the l '_i progressive increase i:n water velocity issued from each subsequent nozzle 24a, 24b, 24c, et seq., until a desired maximum acceleration is reached. It will be ob~zous to those skilled in the art that the Horizontal Accelerator can be connected at both ends to known water attraction rides as a continuation thereof, and as an improvement thereto. Furthermore, the extreme ends can 2C) also be joined to other embodiments of the invention disclosed herein.
Accordingly, 'lt should noun be apparent that the Horizontal Accelerator 2=> embodiment of this invention can be used in a water ride attraction to accelerate a rider in lieu of the farce of gravity and without a loss of vertical altitude. It should also be noted, that wavter build-up and the transient surge that results from the impact of high speed! jetted water with a slow speed rider can be removed through proper desil;n of the riding surface and/or channel wall. In 3C~ addition, the Horizontal Accelerator has the following advantages:
~ it permits acceleration without the requisite cost of building to a higher elevation.
~~ ~ it allo~-s a rider to experience the sight, sound, and sensation of horizontal acceleration induced by high speed jets of water. This experience is exciting for N'() 92/03201 PC1~/1~591/0~783 participant and observer. Furthermore, it permits a participant to gain speed for increased thrill and in set up for subsequent conventional waterslide maneuvers, e.g., twists, turns, jumps, drops, finale, etc.
'_> ~ it allows increases tai rider velocity which results in higher participant through-put and ride capacity, thus, resulting in greater rider satisfaction and enhanced operator revenue.
1 C) DESCRIPTION OF 'UPWARD ACCELERATOR
Turning now to FIG. ~'A, we see an illustration of a preferred embodiment hereinafter referred to as an lUpward Accelerator 42 comprised of one or more modules 21a, 21b, and 21c, et seq. The extreme ends 43a and 43b of Upward 1 '_> Accelerator 42 can be joined t,o known water attraction rides (e.g., a standard waterslide or flume ride) to sE~rve as a continuation thereof and as an improvement thereto. The e:~treme ends 43a and 43b can also be joined to other embodiments of the invention disclosed herein. As further illustrated in FIG. 7B the two disti:nguishi:ng features of Upward Accelerator 42 are that:
(1) 2C) the orientation of module 21 is at substantially an upward incline with that portion of riding surface 25 positioned closest to nozzle 24 being inclined upwardly from the horizontal, and nozzle 24 and aperture 28 directing jetrwater flow 30 substantially ;parallel to riding surface 25 and at an angle directed with nozzle 24 and aperture 28 pointing upwardly from the horizontal; and (2) that 2'_i jet-water flow 30 that issues from nozzle 24 moves at a velocity in excess of the velocity of rider 29 in the predetermined direction of flow. It should be noted that riding surface 25 subsequent to that portion closest to nozzle 24 can gradually vary in incline so as to facilitate connection to other embodiments of the invention disclosed herein or to other known water attraction rides.
From the description .above, a number of advantages of Upward Accelerator 42 become evident:
(a) The upwardly inclined layout of the embodiment permits acceleration in an 3 '_p upward direction. Such performance reduces or eliminates the traditional need for a loss of elevation in order to accelerate a participant over a given distance.

VIO 92/(13201 ~.~'~ ~ ~ ~~ PCT/1 S91/0;783 (b) The sight, sound, and sensation of upward acceleration induced by high speed jets of water impacting a rider is a thrilling participant and observer experience. Furthermore, the rider can gain speed for increased thrill and in '_> set up for subsequent conventional waterslide maneuvers, e.g., twists, turns, jumps, drops, finale, etc.
(c) Increased rider velocity due to acceleration by the high speed jets of water will result in higher tl~irough-put capacity over a given period of time.
i C1 (d) Acceleration in the upward direction can reduce or eliminate the need for participants to walk to a higher elevation before boarding the attraction.
Such reduction can reduce costs for associated stairs, walkways, elevators and other participant or vehicle conveyance systems.
1 ~>
OPERATION OF UF'VPARD ACCELERATOR
For purposes of operating Upward Accelerator 42, it is assumed that a rider (or 20 rider azth vehicle) has attained an initial start velocity in the conventional manner as known to those skilled in the art. Upon achieving this initial start velocity, rider 29 first enters 'Upward Accelerator 42 at that end which is nearest nozzle 24 and moves along its length as shown in FIG. 7B . Jet-water flow 30 originating from water source 22, is already issuing from nozzle 24 2=> through adjustable aperture 28 when rider 29 enters its flow. Since the velocity of jet-water flow 30 is moving at a rate greater than the speed of the entering rider 29, a transfer of momentum from the higher speed water to the lower speed rider causes the rider to accelerate and approach the speed of the more rapidly moving water. Flow control valve 23 and adjustable aperture 28 permits 3 C) adjustment to water flow velocity, thickness, width, and pressure thus ensuring proper rider acceleration. During this process of transferred momentum, a small transient surge 33 will build behind the rider. l~ansient surge 33 can be minimized by allow-in~; excess build-up to flow over and off the sides of the riding surface 25. If rider 29 is in Double Flume 39 as illustrated, this build up can be 3=i eliminated by venting transient surge 33 over the low channel wall 27j and down o~~erflow flume 36c to drain. Other vent mechanisms, e.g., Triple Flume or H() 92/()32()1 2 ~ ~ 9 ~ ~ ~~ PCT/l'S91/OS783 porous vents, could also serve to solve the transient surge problem. Since Upward Accelerator 42 can be comprised of one or more modules 21a, 21b, 21c, et seq., (as shown in IEIG. 7A) rider 29 can move from module 21a to module 21b to module 21c, et. seq. with corresponding increases in acceleration caused 'i by the progressive increase in water velocity issued from each subsequent nozzle 24a, 24b, 24c, et seq.., until a desired maJdmum acceleration is reached. It will be obvious to those versed in the art that Upward Accelerator 42, as an improvement thereto, can be connected at both ends to conventional water attraction rides and to other embodiments of the invention disclosed herein.
1 C) Accordingly, it should be apparent that the Upward Accelerator embodiment of this invention can be 'used in a water ride attraction to accelerate a rider in opposition to the force of graW ty and in an upward direction. Water that was conventionally pumped upward in enclosed pipes to a higher elevation can now 1 '.~ be ridden for the amLSement of the participant and the economy of the attraction operator. It should also be noted that the transient surge that results from the impact of high speed jetted water with a slow speed rider can be removed through proper design of the riding surface and/or channel wall. In addition, the Upward Accelerator has the following advantages:
~ its upwardly inclined layout permits acceleration in an upward direction.
Such performance eli»ainates~ the traditional need for a loss of elevation in order to accelerate a participant over a given distance.
2:~ ~ it allows a rider to Experience the sight, sound, and sensation of upward acceleration induced loy high speed jets of water. This experience is ezciting for participant and observer. Furthermore, the rider can gain speed for increased thrill and in set up for subsequent conventional waterslide maneuvers, e.g., tv~~ists, turns, jumps, drops, finale, etc.
3 cJ
~ it allows increases 1;o rider velocity which results in higher participant through-put and ride capacity, thus, resulting in greater rider satisfaction and enhanced operator revenue..

N'() 92/03201 ' . , PCT/~'S91 /0783 2089~8~

~ it permits rider ascent to higher elevations without the requisite cost of building stairs, walkways, elevators, or other conveyance structures or mechanisms to such higher elevations.
DESCRIPTION OF IDOVfNWARD ACCELERATOB
Turning now to FIG. ~~A, we see an illustration of a preferred embodiment hereinafter referred to as a Downward Accelerator 44 comprised of one or more modules 21a, 21b, and 21c, et seq. The eztreme ends 45a and 45b of the Downward Accelerator can be joined to known water attraction rides (e.g., a standard waterslide or flume ride) to serve as a continuation thereof and as an improvement thereto. The extreme ends 45a and 45b can also be joined to other embodiments of the invention disclosed herein. As further illustrated in 7B, the two distinguishing features of Downward Accelerator 44 are that: (1) the orientation of each module 21 is at substantially a downward incline with that portion of riding surface 25 positioned closest to nozzle 24 being inclined downwardly from the ',horizontal, and nozzle 24 and aperture 28 directing jet-water flow 30 substantially parallel to riding surface 25 and at an angle directed with nozzle 24 and aperture 28 pointing downwardly from the horizontal; and (2) that jet-water flow 30 that issues from nozzle 24 moves at a velocity in ezcess of the velocity of rider 29 in t:he predetermined direction of flow. It should be noted that riding surface 25 subsequent to that portion closest to nozzle 24 can gradually vary in incline so as to facilitate connection to other embodiments of the invention disclosed herein. or to other known water attraction rides.
From the description above, a number of advantages of Downward Accelerator 44 become evident:
3 0 (a) The downwardly inclined layout of the embodiment permits acceleration in a downward direction in excess of the acceleration due to the force of gravity.
Such performance enhances the traditional ride characteristics ef cor_ventional water ride attractions.
3J (b) The sight, sound, and sensation of downward acceleration induced by high speed jets of water impacting a rider is a thrilling participant and observer V1'() 92/03201 PCT/L'S91/OS783 2U~U~~U

experience. Furthermore, the rider can gain speed for increased thrill and in set up for subsequent conventional waterslide maneuvers, e.g., twists, turns, jumps, drops, finale, etc.
'_> (c) Increased rider velocity due to acceleration by the invention will result in higher through-put capacity over a given period of time.
OPERATION OF DOWNWARD ACCELERATOR.
i0 For purposes of operating Downward Accelerator 44, it is assumed that a rider (or rider with vehicle) has attained an initial start velocity in the conventional manner as known to those skilled in the art. Upon achieving this initial start velocity, rider 29 first enters .Downward Accelerator 44 at that end which is 1=> nearest nozzle 24 and moves along its length as shown in FIG. 8B . Jet-water flow 30 originating from water source 22, is already issuing from nozzle 24 and aperture 28 when rider 29 enters its flow. Flow control valve 23 and adjustable aperture 28 permits adjustment to water flow velocity, thickness, width, and pressure thus ensuring proper rider acceleration. Since the velocity of jet-water 2 C> flow 30 is moving at a rate greater than the speed of the entering rider 29, a transfer of momentum from the higher speed water to the lower speed rider causes the rider to accelerate and approach the speed of the more rapidly mo~-ing water. During this process of transferred momentum, a small transient surge 33 may build behind th,e rider. transient surge 33 can be minimized (if 2'_i desired) by allowing excess b~.iild-up to flow over and off the sides of the riding surface 25. If the rider 29 is :in a channel this build up can either be eliminated by venting transient surge 3,",~ through porous vents 34a and 34b along channel walls 27s and 27b; or by way of porous vent 34e that is incorporated into riding surface 25. Other vent mechanisms, e.g., Tz-iple Flume or Double Flume, could 3 0 also serve to solve the transient surge problem. Since Downward Accelerator 44 can be comprised of one or more modules 2Ia, 21b, 21c, et seq., (as shown in FIG. 8A) rider 29 can move from module 21a to module 21b to module 21c, et seq. Ruth corresponding incrE:ases in acceleration caused by the progressive increase in water velocity issued from each subsequent nozzle 24a, 24b, 24c, et 3'_p seq., until a desired maximum acceleration is reached. It will be obvious to those versed in the art that Lfownward Accelerator 44, as an improvement V1'() 92/03201 PCT/1S91/0~7R~
thereto, can be connected at both ends to conventional water attraction rides and to other embodiments of the invention disclosed herein.
Accordingly, it will be apparent that the Downward Accelerator embodiment of '_~ this invention can be used in a water ride attraction to augment the force of gravity in the downward direction. In addition, the Downward Accelerator has the following advantages:
~ its downward inclined layout permits acceleration in the downward direction 1 G in excess of the force of gravity. Such performance can minimize the linear distance required in order to accelerate a participant to a desired velocity.
Reductions in required linear distance can reduce overall costs by reducing the amount of materials and requisite structural height normally associated with conventional "gravity ;powered" systems.
1 ~~
~ it allows a rider to e:~perience the sight, sound, and sensation of a dramatic change in downward a~ccelera~tion induced by high speed jets of water. This experience is exciting :for participant and observer. Furthermore, the rider can gain speed for increased thrill, and in set up for subsequent conventional 20 waterslide maneuvers, e.g., twists, turns, jumps, drops, finale, etc.
~ it allows increases to rider velocity which results in higher participant through-put and ride c:apacit3f, thus, resulting in greater rider satisfaction and enhanced operator revenue.
2 '_>
DESCRIPTION OF IHORIZO1VTAL, UPWARD, AI~'D DOWNWARD NON-ACCELERATING PIEIOPUI:SORS
3 C) In the context of a water ride that incorporates a riding surface with downward incline followed by an upward incline with subsequent leveling or down-curve of the same riding surface, problems aricP when a rider's kinetic ener6; at the bottom of the rise is insufficient to overcome the forces of drag on a riders travel from this bottom portion to the top of the upward incline. In this situation, a 3'_~ rider cannot make it over the rise and either stops in route to the top, or slides back down to settle at the bottom. Conversely, if the kinetic energy of the rider V1'() 92/03201 2 O ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~crmjsyno~7x:~

at the bottom of a rise is substantially in ezcess of any drag force that the rider may encounter from the bottom of the rise to its top, and if the subsequent flattening or down-cw-ve occurs with a sufficiently short radius of arc, then, the rider may attain an airborne trajectory that is potentially unsafe. Since the .. forces of drag on water ride attractions are not always constant, e.g., changing ride surface conditions, changing rider/vehicle conditions, changing water conditions, etc., it is desirable in the interest of ride safety, consistency, capacity and fun, to vatroduce a mechanism that promotes rider stabilization as well as equalization of differvag rider's coefficients of friction. The following Non-accelerating Propulsor Embodiments serve to accomplish these stated objectives. Similar to fits "Accelerator" counterpart, Non-accelerating Propulsor embodiments utilize module 21 format. Consequently, Non-accelerating Propulsor modules can be connected in series as desired.
1 '> Turning now to FIG. i~, there is illustrated a preferred embodiment hereinafter referred to as a Horizontal Non-Accelerating Propulsor 46. Extreme ends 47a and 47b of Horizontal Non-Accelerating Propulsor 46 can be joined to known water attraction rides (e.g., a standard waterslide or flume ride) or to other embodiments of the invention disclosed herein to serve as a continuation thereof 2 C) and as an improvement thereto. A ride continuation path 48 is indicated by corresponding dashed lines 4 Sa and 48b with arrows pointing in the pre-determined direction .of motion. Four distinguishing features of Horizontal Non-Accelerating Propulsor 46 are: (1) the location of Horizontal Non-Accelerating Propulsor 46 is subsequent to the start of rider 29; (2) the orientation of 2'_~ Horizontal Non-Accel~srating Propulsor 46 is substantially normal to the force of graW ty with nozzle 24 and aperture 28 directing jet-water flow $0 substantially parallel to riding surface 25, and at least that portion of riding surface 25 positioned closest to nozzle 24 laying horizontal and normal to the force of gravity; (3) that jet-water flow 34 that issues from nozzle 24 moves at a velocity 3 0 equal to or less than t-he velocity of rider 29 in the predetermined direction of flow; and (4) that riaiing surface 25 subsequent to that portion closest to nozzle 24 will eventually curve to air upward incline. It should be noted that riding surface 25 subsequent to its upward curvature can gradually vary in incline along its length so as to facilitate connection to other embodiments of the 3 '.p invention disclosed herein or to other known water attraction rides.

V10 92/(13201 PCT/U'S91/05783 Turning now to FIG. :10, there is illustrated a preferred embodiment hereinafter referred to as an Upward Non-Accelerating Propulsor 49. The extreme ends 50a and 50b of Upward Non-Accelerating Propulsor 49 can be joined to known water attraction rides (e.g., .a standard waterslide or flume ride) or to other embodiments of the irwention disclosed herein to serve as a continuation thereof and as an improvement thereto. A ride continuation path 51 is indicated by corresponding dashed lines 51a and 51b with arrows pointing in the pre-determined direction of motion. Three distinguishing features of Upward Non-Accelerating Propulsor 49 are: (1) the location of Upward Non-Accelerating 1 () Propulsor 49 is subsequent to the start of rider 29; (2) the orientation of Upward Non-Accelerating Propulsor 49 is at substantially an upward incline ~-ith that portion of riding surface 25 positioned closest to nozzle 24 being inclined upwardly from the horizontal, and nozzle 24 and aperture 28 directing jet-water flow 30 sub:;tantiall.y parallel to riding surface 25; (3) that jet-water 1 '.p flow 30 that issues from nozzle 24 moves at a velocity equal to or less than the velocity of rider 29 in the predetermined direction of flow. It should be noted that riding surface 25 subsequent to that portion closest to nozzle 24 can gradually vary in incline along its length so as to facilitate connection to other embodiments of the invention disclosed herein or to other known water 2 () attraction rides.
Turning now to FIG. :11, there is illustrated a preferred embodiment hereinafter referred to as a Downward Non-Accelerating Propulsor 52. The extreme ends 53a and 53b of Dowmward Non-Accelerating Propulsor b2 can be joined to 2'.> known water attraction rides (e.g., s standard waterslide or flume ride) or to other embodiments of the invention disclosed herein to serve as a continuation thereof and as an improvement thereto. A ride continuation path 54 is indicated by corresponding dashed lines 54a and 54b with arrows pointing in the pre-determined direction of motion. Four distinguishing features of Downward Non-3 () Accelerating Propulsor 52 arE:: (1) the location of Downward Non-Accelerating Propulsor 52 is subsequent to the start of rider 29; (2) the orientation of Downward Non-Accelerating Propulsor b2 is at substantially a downward incline with that portion of riding surface 25 positioned closest to nozzle 24 being inclined downwardly from the horizontal, and nozzle 24 and aperture 28 3:p directing jet-water flow 30 substantially parallel to riding surface 25;
(3) that jet-water flow 30 that issues .from nozzle 24 moves at a velocity equal to or less N'() 92/032(11 PCT/L'S91 /0783 ~0~~5~~

than the velocity of rider 29 in the predetermined direction of flow; and (4) that riding surface 25 sub.;equent to that portion closest to nozzle 24 will eventuaDy curve to an upward incline. It should be noted that riding surface 25 subsequent to its upward curvature can gradually vary in incline along its length so as to '.> facilitate connection to other embodiments of the invention disclosed herein or to other known water attraction rides.
From the description ;above, a number of advantages of the Horizontal, Upward, and Downward Non-~!,ccelerating Propulsors become evident:
(a) The injection of additional water flow to the riding surface acts to stabilize a rider who eventually moves in an uphill direction. Furthermore, under circumstances where :rider/vehicle coefficients of friction vary the injection of additional water flow will tend to equalize the performance standard for a 1 '_> broader spectrum of riders/ve:hicles that eventually move in an upward direction.
(b) The sight, sound, and sensation of a rider encountering an injected flow of water is a thrilling participant and observer experience. Furthermore; the rider 2C) can stabilize his position for s>afety and in set up for subsequent conventional waterslide maneuver.;, e.g., twists, turns, jumps, drops, finale, etc.
(c) Increased rider stabilization and coefficient of friction equalization due to injected water flows Krill result in higher through-put capacity over a given 2'_p period of time due to E:limina~tion of aberrant rider performance. Higher through-put capacity results in higher participant satisfaction and increased revenue for ride operators.
3 0 OPERATION OF HlJRIZO:h'TAL, UPVPARD, A11TD DOWNWARD NON-ACCELERATING PROPULSORS
For purposes of operating the Horizontal, Upward, and Downward Non-Accelerating Propulsors, it is assumed that a riders) (or riders) and vehicle) :: has attained an initial start velocity in the conventional manner as known to those skilled in the ant.

V1'O 92/03201 ' PST/ L S91 /078 Z

FIG. 9 illustrates Hoizzontal Non-Accelerating Propulsor 46 in operation, with rider 29 first entering the module at that end which is nearest nozzle 24, moving along its length, and eventually rising in elevation as indicated by dashed path '_~ 48b.
FIG. 10 illustrates Upward Non-Accelerating Propulsor 49 in operation, with rider 29 first entering the module at that end which is nearest nozzle 24, moving along its length, and continuing a rise in elevation as indicated by dashed path 51b.
FIG. 11 illustrates Downward Non-Accelerating 52 in operation, with rider 29 first entering the module at that end which is nearest nozzle 24, moving along its length, and eventually rising in elevation as indicated by dashed path 54b.

For all three Propulsor embodiments, jet-water flow 30 is already issuing from nozzle 24 when rider .29 enters its flow. The velocity of jet-water flow 30 originating from water source 22, is moving at a rate equal to or less than the speed of the entering izder 29. If rider 29 is moving at a velocity in excess of jet-2 0 water flow 30, a trap:>fer of momentum from the lower speed water to the higher speed rider causes the rider to de-accelerate and approach the speed of the slower moving waixr. Flow control valve 23 and adjustable aperture 28 permits adjustment to water flow velocity, thickness, width, and pressure thus ensuring proper rider stabilization and coefficient of friction equalization.
2~~ During the process of transferred momentum or during ride start-up as previously described, a small transient surge may build. Transient surge can be minimized (if desired) by allowing excess build-up to flow over and off the sides of the riding surface 2.5. If the transient surge builds within a channel, this build up can either be eliminated by venting the transient surge through porous 3 G vents along the sides and bottom of the channel, or by way of Double Flume or Triple Flume , all as previously described. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the Horizontal. Llpward; an~3 l~n~,_ward Non-Accelerating Propulsors can be coruiected at both ends to known water attraction rides as a continuation thereof, and as an improvement thereto. Furthermore, the 3 ~ extreme ends can also be joinE:d to other embodiments of the invention disclosed herein.

W'U 9?/03201 PCT/l'S91/OS78~
. ~'~g~~g~

Accordingly, it should now be apparent that the Horizontal, Upward, and Downwand Non-Accelerating Propulsor embodiments of this invention can be used in a water ride attraction to stabilize and equalize a wide range of '_> rider/vehicles that have varying coefficients of friction. It should also be noted, that the transient surge that results from the impact of a higher speed rider with a lower speed jet-water iflow can be removed through proper design of the riding surface and/or channel wall. In addition, the Horizontal, Upward, and Downward Non-Accelerating Propulsors have the following advantages:
1 C) ~ it allows a rider to experience the sight, sound, and sensation of encountering an injected flow of water. This experience is a thrilling for participant and observer alike. Furthermore,. it permits a rider to stabilize his position for safety and in set up for subsequent conventional waterslide maneuvers, e.g., 1=~ twists, turns, jumps, drops, finale, etc.
~ it allows increased cider stabilization and coefficient of friction equalization due to injected water :flows which result in higher through-put capacity over a given period of time due to elimination of aberrant rider performance, thus, 2C) resulting in greater rider satisfaction and enhanced operator revenue.
DESCRIPTIOI'T AIVD OPERATION OF THE
STABILIZATIOI''/EIaUALfZATION PROCESS
2 ~>
To understand the function and solutions offered by the Stabilization/Equalization Process, one first needs to understand a content in which the process can arise. FIG. 12 illustrates a representative section profile of the prior art in water amusement rides wherein partial altitude recovery 3 C) occurs but the Stabili::ation/E;qualization Process is not employed.
Rider 29 (with or without vehicle) entE:rs a conventional start basin 55 and commences a descent in the conventional (gravity only) manner on the prior art attraction surface 56. Attraction surface 56 although continuous, may be sectionalized for the purposes of description into a top of downchute portion 56a, s downchute .: _; portion 56b, a bottom of downchute portion 56c, a rising portion 56d that extends upward from the doRrnchute bottom 56c, and a top 56e of the rising V1 () 92/03201 ~ PCT/~'S91 /0S783 r portion 5fid. Given a conventional water ride start, a certain average velocity of rider 29 at the top of dlownchute portion bfia, and a certain average loss of energy due to the forcEa of drag associated with rider 29 sliding through portions bfia, bfib, bfic, and 5~6d, it will be observed that rider 29 will follow a preferred trajectory b7 as indicated in F'IG. 12 by a solid arrow line. Where the velocity of rider 29 at top of downchute portion b6a is greater than the average planned for in design, and/or, loss of energy due to the forces of drag associated with rider 29 sliding through portions bfia, bfib, bfic, and bfid is less than average, rider 29 would follow an airborne trajectory b8 as show in FIG. 12 by the dashed line.
Conversely, where the velocii~y of rider 29 at top of downchute portion b6a is less than the average ;planned for in design, and/or, loss of energy due to the forces of drag associated with rider 29 sliding through portions b6a, bfib, 66c, and 56d is greater then average, rider 29 would follow a failed trajectory b9 as shove in FIG. 12 by the: dotted arrow line.
C~
Rider instability, or unequal coefficients of friction for a broad spectrum of differing riders or rides conditions will inevitably lead to delays in rider dispatch due to rider inability t,o successfully traverse the uphill altitude recovery sectaon as typified by failed trajectory 59. Furthermore, such instability or inequality 2 C> may lead to rider injury in the event the curve of the uphill altitude recovery section enables a high velocity rider to follow the path of airborne trajectory 58, or in the event a second rider sliding along downchute portion 56b should collide ~~th a prior failed trajectory rider at bottom of downchute portion b6c.
Consequently, it is desired fear purposes of ride safety, consistency, capacity 2~> and fun to introduce injected flows of water subsequent to a riders start to stabilize a rider, or equalize differing riders coefficients of friction during rider travel from top of downchute portion bfia through to top 56e and beyond as typified by preferred trajectory 57.
3 C> The Stabilization/Equalization Process, whereby such additional injections of water may safely be introduced, is illustrated in FIG. 13. FIG. 13 shows a similar ride profile to FIG. lc;, however, the FIG. 13 water amusement ride section profile indicates potential locations for Downward Non-Accelerating Propulsor 52, Horizor.~tal Nor.-Accelerating Propulsor 46, and Upward Non-3'; Accelerating Propulscr 49 thus enabling the Stabilization/Equalization Process.

N'O 92/03201 PCT/1 S91/OS783 The Stabilization/Equalization Process is comprised of properly locating and activating at least one or more of the Propulsors 62, 46, or 49 along an appropriately configured attraction surface 60 at a point just prior to top 60e;
and passing rider 29 through one or more of the injected water flows generated '> by Propulsors b2, 46, or 49 izi route from top of downchute portion 60a to top 60e; and causing the injected water to have a velocity equal to or less than the velocity of the rider 2f1; and causing sufficient amounts of injected water to remain in contact with rider 29 during the course of travel from top of doR~chute portion 60a to top 60e, such flowing water acting to stabilize rider 1 C~ 29 and equalize the coe~cien.ts of friction for a broad spectrum of ride variables, e.g., ride surface, vehicle surface, water flow consistency, rider bathing attire, rider skill or lack thereof, etc"
Accordingly, it should be apparent that the Stabilization/Equalization Process as 1 '~ envisioned by this invention c:an be used in a water ride attraction to allow participants to consistently enjoy altitude recovery in a manner that is superior to recovery absent injected flows of water. Furthermore, once the destination elevation is achieved a participant can use regained potential energy to travel to other downhill rides in the conventional manner, or be powered by one of the 2 C) other embodiments as. contealplated herein.
DESCRIPTIO1~T AND OPERATION OF THE ELEVATION
EIv'HiAI~TCEhiEl~'T PROCESS
2 '>
To understand the fiuiction and solutions offered by the Elevation Enhancement Process, one first needs to understand a context in which the process can arise.
FIG. 14 illustrates a .section profile of a water ride wherein partial altitude recovery occurs but the Elevation Enhancement Process is not employed. Rider 3 C) 29 (R~ith or without vehicle) enters the start basin 61 and commences a descent in the conventional (gravity only) manner on attraction surface 62. Attraction surface 62 although continuous, may be sectionalized for the purposes of description into a top of downchute portion 62a, a downchute porlaon 62b, a bottom of doR-nchute portion 62c, a rising portion 62d that extends upward 3:> from downchute bottom 62c, and a top 62e of rising portion 62d. Given a conventional water ride start, a certain average velocity of rider 29 at the top of ~:~':e~:,,'~')°g'~' PCT/L~S91/0578Z
~1'O 92/03201 -.

downchute portion 62a, and a certain average loss of energy due to the forces of drag associated with rider 29 sliding through portions 62a, 62b, 62c, and 62d, it will be observed that rider 29 will follow an unaided trajectory 63 as shown in FIG. 14 by dotted the line, whereupon, rider 29 will reach an unaided zenith 64.
'.~ Absent any other outside influence, the maximum recovery of elevation as indicated by unaided ;zenith 64 will always be less than the starting elevation as indicated by start basin 61 due to the aforementioned drag forces. This is a significant limitation that is intrinsic to conventional water rides.
Consequently, if the profile of attraction surface 62 was altered by eztending 1 () rising portion 62d and raising top 62e as indicated by a dashed extension of rising portion 62d' and a raised top 62e', rider 29 would still be limited to the recovery elevation as :indicated by an unaided zenith 64'. In order for rider 29 to overcome this limitation on recovery elevation and to reach raised top 62e', additional energy need be introduced to offset the energy lost due to the forces of 1 '.~ drag. An Elevation Enhancement Process, whereby such additional energy may safely be introduced by way of Horizontal, Upward or Downward Accelerators, is illustrated in FIG. 15.
The Elevation Enhancement Process as depicted in FIG. 15, is comprised of 2() properly locating and activating at least one or more of the Accelerators, i.e., Downward Accelerator 44, or Horizontal Accelerator 40, or Upward Accelerator 42, along an appropriately configured attraction surface 65 at a point just prior to the elevation of unaided zenith 64'; and rider 29 passing through and being accelerated by one or :more of the high speed jet-water flows generated by 2'~ Accelerators 44, 40, or 42 in. route from top of downchute portion 65a to top 65e; and rider 29 receiving a transfer of momentum (additional kinetic energy) from the issuing high speed water flows) that is at a minimum sufficient to propel rider 29 to the top 62e and achieve zenith 66.
3 c) Accordingly, it will be apparent that the Elevation Enhancement Process as envisioned by this invention can be used in a water ride attraction to raise the destination elevation of water attraction participants in excess of that which can be achieved from gravity alone. Furthermore, once this destination elevation is achieved a participant can us;e regained or newly gained potential energy to 3'~ travel to other dov~~nhill rides, or be powered by yet another Hccelerator to additional heights or to greater speeds, or just exit the ride at substantially the V~'() 92/03201 PCT/US91/05783 2C~~~B~

same elevation as started. In addition, the Elevation Enhancement Process has the following advantages:
(1) The Elevation Enhancement Process permits riders and vehicles to safely '_> attain heights in excess of those available under conventional gravity driven systems.
(2) Increased participant thrill by allowing riders) to enjoy greater and more rapid changes in angular momentum 1 C) (3) Extended ride len~~th.
DESCRIPTION OF 'WATER COASTER
1 '>
The Water Coaster embodiment combines existing water slide and water ride attraction technology with new technology disclosed by the Horizontal Accelerator, Upward Accelerator, Downward Accelerator, Downward Non-Accelerating Propulsor, Horizontal Non-Accelerating Propulsor, Upward Non-20 Accelerating Propulsor, the Stabilization/Equalization Process, and the Elevation Enhancement Process. To avoid cluttered drawings and facilitate a written description that is more easily understood, two drawings of the Water Coaster are included laerein. FIG. 16 highlights Accelerator technology and the Elevation Enhancement Process as incorporated into a Water Coaster 69a, and 25 FIG. 17 highlights Propulsor technology and the StabilizationlEqualization Process as incorporatE:d into a Water Coaster 69b.
Turning to FIG. 16, e~ Water Coaster 69b commences with a conventional start basin 72 followed by an attraction surface 70 made of suitable material, for 3 () example, resin impregnated fiberglass, concrete, gunite, sealed wood, vinyl, acrylic, metal or the hike, which can be made into segments and joined by appropriate water-tight seals in end to end relation. Attraction surface ~0 is supported by suitable structL~ral supports 71, for example, wood, metal, fiberglass, cable, earth, concrete or the like. Attraction surface 70 although 3:; continuous, may be sectionalized for the purposes of description into a first horizontal top of a downchut~a portion 70a' to which conventional start basin V1'O 92/03201 PCT/L'S91/05783 2~1~8~~~>~

is connected, a first d.ownchute portion ?0b', a first bottom of downchute portion ?0c', a first riising portion 70d' that extends upward from the downchute bottom 70c', and a first top ?0e' of rising portion 70d';
thereafter, attraction surface ?0 continues into a second top of downchute portion ?0a", a second downchute portion 70b", a second bottom of downchute portion ?0c", second rising portion '?0d" that extends upward from downchute bottom ?0c", and a second top 70e''' of rising portion ?0d"; thereafter, attraction surface ?0 continues into a third top of downchute portion ?0a"', a third downchute portion 70b"', a third bottom of downchute portion ?0c"', a third rising portion ?0d"' 1 () that extends upward from downchute bottom ?0c"', and a third top ?0e"' of rising portion 70d"'; thereafter, attraction surface ?0 continues into a fourth top of downchute portion 70a"", a fourth downchute portion 70b"", a fourth bottom of downchute :portion 70c"", a fourth rising portion 70d"" that extends upward from downchute bottom 70c"", and a fourth top 70e"" of rising portion 1 '.~ 70d"" which connects to ending basin 73 in an area adjacent start basin ?2 and the first top of downclzute position ?0a'.
Upward Accelerator 9:2 is located in and made a part of attraction surface 70 at first rising portion 70d' that extends upward from the downchute bottom 70c';
2c) Horizontal Accelerator 40a is located in and made a part of attraction surface 70 at the second bottom .of the downchute portion ?0c"; Downward Accelerator 44 is located and made a part of attraction surface 70 at third downchute portion 70b"'; and Horizontal Accelerator 40b is located in and made a part of attraction surface 70 at the fourth top of downchute portion 70a"". Structural 2'.~ supports ?1 provide foundation for Water Coaster fi9a.
Water Source 22 pro~~ides high pressure water to Accelerators 40, 42, and 44 as well as a normal watf~r flow t~o conventional start basin 72. Start overflow and rider transient surge build up is eliminated by venting the slowed water over the 3 ~) outside edge of the riding surface; or through openings along the bottom and sides of the channel; or by Triple Flume or Double Flume all as previously described. A surge tank ?4 acts as a low point reservoir to collect and facilitate re-pumping of vented water as well as hold water on system shut-down.
3'.~ Turning to FIG. 17, a Water Coaster 69b commences with a conventional start basin 72 followed by fi first top of a downchute portion 70a', a first downchute ~~() 92/(132(11 t'C'T/1~591/0~78~

portion 70b', a first bottom of downchute portion 70c', a first rising portion 70d' that extends upvrard from downchute bottom 70c', and a first top ?0e' of the rising portion 70d.'; thereafter, attraction surface 70 continues onto a second top of downchute portion 70a", a second downchute portion 70b", a second '_> bottom of downchute portion 70c", a second rising portion 70d" that extends upward from downchute bottom 70c", and a second top 70e" of rising portion 70d"; thereafter, attraction E>urface 70 continues into a third top of downchute portion 70a"', a third downchute portion ?0b"', a third bottom of downchute portion 70c"', a third rising portion 70d"' that extends upward from downchute 1 () bottom 70c"', and a third top 70e"' of rising portion 70d"'; thereafter, attraction surface 70 continues into a fourth top of downchute portion 70a"", a fourth doR~nchute portion ?0b"", a fourth bottom of downchute portion 70c"", a fourth rising portion 'lOd"" that extends upward from downchute bottom 70c"", and a fourth top 70e"" of rising portion 70d""; thereafter, attraction surface 1 '.~ continues into a fifth top of downchute portion 70a""', a fifth downchute portion 70b""' and a final bottom of i;he down chute portion 70c""' which connects to ending basin 73 in an area below start basin 72.
Two Upward Accelerators 42a and 42b are located in and made a part of 2 c~ attraction surface 70 at first. rising portion 70d'; Upward Non-Accelerating Propulsor 49 is located in and made a part of attraction surface ?0 at second rising portion 70d"; Eiorizon.tal Non-Accelerating Propulsor 46 is located in and made a part of attraction sunace 70 at the third bottom of downchute portion 70c'"; Downward Non-Accelerating Propulsor 52 is located and made a part of 2:~ attraction surface 70 at fouri~h downchute portion 70b"". Structural supports 71 provide foundation for Water Coaster 69b.
~'~'ater Source 22 provides high pressure water to Accelerators 42a and 42b, and N on-Accelerating Propulsors 49, 46 and 52, as well as a normal water flow 3 ~ to conventional start basin 'T2. Start overflow and rider transient surge build up is eliminated by venting t;he slowed water over the outside edge of the riding surface; or through openings along the bottom and sides of the channel; or by Tr~pie Flume of Double Flume all as pre~zously described. A surge tank 74 acts as a low point reser~~oir to collect and facilitate re-pumping of vented water as .. ~ well as hold water on svstern shut-down.

N() 92/1)32111 IJ ('(T/L ~91/(i~7tl~

Analogous to the traditional roller coaster, there are numerous possibilities regarding the layout and design of the Water Coaster as illustrated herein including. reconfiguring ride surface profile; reconfiguring the length, width, height and angle of the ride surface; repositioning and recombination of Accelerators or Propulsors as functionally adjusted to the newly configured ride surface and profile; r~eposit~oning the start and ending basins; connecting the start and end to form a continuous loop; permitting the use of riding vehicles and multiple riders; connecting to other rides or attractions; and adding special light, sound anal themeing efi'ects. All such possibilities are subject to 1 C the design, construction and operational guidelines as currently east in the industry and as limited or expanded by the disclosures herein.
From the description above, a number of advantages of the Water Coaster 15 becomes evident:
(1) The physical profile of "gravity only" water ride attractions is no longer limited by functional necessity to a gradual decline from the top of the attraction to its bottom. Rather, through combination of the Downward, Horizontal, or 20 UpR~ard Accelerators or Propulsors with the conventional water ride attraction, and through utilization of the Elevation Recovery and Stabilization/Equalization Processes, the ~'fater Coaster permits a functional physical profile that is clan to a standard roller coaster and capable of the ups, downs, overs, unders, twists, loops and rolls associated therewith.
2~
J
(2) Length of ride is no longer dependent upon starting elevation.
(2) Ride profile elevation changes can exceed the initial start height.
30 (3) Connection of the start and end points can provide an "endless loop"
ride, or connection can be to another attraction.
(4) The ride start basin and the ride end basin can be adjacent or connected at substantially the same elevation; or the end basin can be at a higher elevation than the start.

V1(> 92/()3201 E~crius~no.~-~t~z 2a~9~~~

(5) b2ultiple riders, ridLing vehicles, and special effects can be accommodated.
OPERATION OF WATER COASTER
Referring to Fig. 16, ~zth water source 22 in operation, rider 29 (with or without vehicle) enters the start basin ?2 and commences a descent in the conventional manner over them top of downchute portion ?0a' and thereafter to a first downchute portion ?0b', and a first bottom of downchute portion 70c'.
Upon entering a first using portion ?0d' that extends upward from downchute bottom 70c', rider 29 encounters an Upward Accelerator 42 that accelerates and enhances the elevation of rider 29 to a first top ?0e' of rising portion ?0d';
thereafter, rider 29 continues onto a second top of downchute portion 70a", and a second doRTnchute portion 70b". Upon entering a second bottom of downchute 1 ~ portion 70c", rider 29' encounters a Horizontal Accelerator 40a that accelerates and enhances the elevation of rider 29 to a second rising portion ?0d" that extends upward from downchute bottom ?0c", and to a second top 70e" of rising portion 70d"; thereafter, rider 29 continues onto a third top of downchute portion ?0a"'. Upon entering a third downchute portion ?0b"', rider 29 2C encounters Downward Accelerator 44 that accelerates (and eventually enhances the elevation of )rider 29 to a third bottom of downchute portion 70c"', to a third rising portion 70d"' that extends upward from downchute bottom 70c"', and to a third top 70e"' of rising portion ?0d"'. Upon entering a fourth top of downchute portion 70a""', rider 29 encounters a Horizontal Accelerator 40b that accelerates (and eventually enhances the elevation of ) rider 29 to a fourth downchute portion 70b"", a fourth bottom of downchute portion ?0c"", a fourth rising portion ?0d"" that extends upward from downchute bottom ?0c"", and a fourth top 70e"" of rising portion ?0d"", wherein rider 29 terminates his ride in a conventional ending basin ?3 and exits.
Vfater Source 22 provides high pressure water to Accelerators 42, 40a, 40b, and 44 as well as a normal water flow to conventional start basin 72. The velocity of water that issues from each respective Accelerator 42, 40a, 40b, or 44 can be different depending; upon the flow required to overcome friction, transfer momentum and propel rider 29 to the top of a successive rise. Start overflow and rider transient surge build up is eliminated by venting the slowed V1() 92/032(11 ~'~.~ e~~ ~ ~ P(T/l'S91/0~7$t .

w afar over the outside edge of the riding surface; or through openings along the bottom and sides of the channel; or by ~iple Flume or Double Flume all as previously described. .A surge tank 74 acts as a low point reservoir to collect and facilitate re-pumping of vented water as well as hold water on system shin down.
Turning to the variation of the Water Coaster as depicted in FIG. 17 with water source 22 in operation, rider 29 (with or without vehicle) enters the start basin ?2 and commences a descent in the conventional manner over a top of 1 C doR~chute portion ?0a' and thereafter to a first downchute portion 70b', and a first bottom of downchute portion 70c'. Upon entering a first rising portion 70d' that extends upward from downchute bottom 70c', rider 29 encounters two Upward Accelerators ~12a and 42b that accelerates and enhances the elevation of rider 29 to a first to;p ?0e' of rising portion 70d'; thereafter, rider 29 1 5 continues onto a second top of downchute portion ?0a", a second downchute portion ?0b", and a second bottom of downchute portion ?0c". Upon entering a second rising portion ? 0d" that extends upward from downchute bottom 70c"
rider 29 encounters ar.~ Upward Non-Accelerating Propulsor 49 that stabilizeslequalizes rider 29 over a second top 70e" of rising portion 70d".
20 Thereafter, rider 29 continues onto a third top of downchute portion 70a"', and a third doR~nchute portion ?0b'". Upon entering a third bottom of downchute portion 70c"' rider 29 encounl;;ers a Horizontal Non-Accelerating Propulsor 46 which stabilizes,~equal:izes rider 29 onto a third rising portion 70d"' that extends upward from doR~nchute bottom 70c"', and a third top 70e"' of rising portion 25 70d"'; thereafter, rider 29 continues into a fourth top of downchute portion ?0a"" and encounters a Downward Non-Accelerating Propulsor 52 which stabilizeslequalizes ruler 29 on a fourth downchute portion 70b"" and onward to a fourth bottom of downchute portion 70c"", a fourth rising portion ?0d"" that extends upward from downchute bottom 70c"", and a fourth top ?0e"" of rising 30 portion 70d"" ; thereafter, rider 29 continues into a fifth top of downchute portion 70a""', a fifth downchute portion 70b""' and a final bottom of down rhpta rnrtinn 7f1~'»n n"1~.Ch CCr1Z18Ct~ ' erdirg basin ?3 whereupon ricer 2~
exits.
3 5 V'ater Source 22 provides high pressure water to Accelerators 42a and 42b, and 1\ on-Accelerating Propulsors 49, 46 and 52, as well as a normal water flow to V~'O 92/03201 PCT/US91/05783 conventional start basin ?2. The velocity of water that issues from each respective Non-Accelerating Propulsors 49, 46, and 62 can be different depending upon the flow required to stabilizelequalize rider 29 to the top of a successive rise. Start overflow and rider transient surge build up is eliminated ~~ by venting the slowed water over the outside edge of the riding surt'ace;
or through openings along the bottom and sides of the channel; or by way of Triple Flume or Double Flume all as previously described. A surge tank 74 acts as a low point reservoir to collect and facilitate re-pumping of vented water as well as hold water on system shutdown.
1 C) Analogous to a roller coaster or a conventional flume ride, there are various ramifications regarding the operation of Water Coaster 69 described herein, including: the use of single or multi-passenger riding vehicles or boats that allow the rider to get 'wet or stay dry; increasing the capacity of Water Coaster 1 '> 69 to permit multiple riders; connecting Water Coaster 69 to other amusement attractions; and enhancing Water Coaster 69 through the addition of special light, sound and them:eing efl:ects. All such possibilities are subject to the design, construction and operational guidelines as currently e~dst in the industry and as expanded by the disclosures herein.
Accordingly, it is now apparent that Water Coaster 69 as envisioned by this invention will permit a participant to ride a water attraction that has the profile and ride characteristics akin to a roller coaster. In addition, Water Coaster has the following adv;3ntages:
2 '.>
~ it allows a rider to experience within one ride the sight, sound, and sensation of upward, downward and horizontal acceleration induced by high speed jets of water. This experience is exciting for participant and observer. Furthermore, the rider can gain speed for increased thrill and in set up for subsequent 3 c) conventional waterslide maneuvers, e.g., twists, turns, jumps, drops, finale, etc.
~ it permits riders and vehicles to safely attain elevation recovery in excess of that available under conventional gravity driven systems through the Elevation Enhancement Process.
3 '.~

VVO 92/03201 PCT/L'S91/0~783 ~ it engenders rider safety and consistency in performance through the Stabilization and Equalization Process.
~ it increases participant thrill by allowing riders) to enjoy greater and more rapid changes in angWar momentum, and;
~ it can, if desired create an endless loop.
Although the description above contains many specifications, these should not 1 c7 be construed as limiting the scope of the invention but as merely providing illustrations of some of the presently preferred embodiments of this invention.
For example, the modules) which comprise the Horizontal, Upward, and Downhill Accelerators or Propulsors can have multiple nozzles instead of one;
the Water Coaster ca:n be shaped, proportioned and profiled substantially 1 '.~ different than illustrated, such as serpentine, circular, convoluted, helical, parabolic, sinusoidal, etc.; the vehicles used within a water ride can have wheels or be on a track; a rider can enter the flow of water at an angle other than parallel to the line of flow; the flow of water could be cycled off/on at appropriate times to i;ake advantage of the spacing that occurs between riders 2 c~ and effect a more effi~:ient use of water flow.
Thus, the scope of the invention should be determined by the appended claims and their legal equivaents, rather than by the examples given.

Claims (51)

I CLAIM

1. A propulsion module for incorporating into a water slide, comprising a segment of ride surface sized and configured to receive and support a rider or ride vehicle traveling along said water slide, at least one flow-forming nozzle positioned along said segment of ride surface and in fluid communication with one or more apertures adapted to inject a sheet of jet-water flow onto said segment of ride surface in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of said rider or ride vehicle, and one or more vents disposed along either or both sides of said segment of ride surface for draining slower moving water.

2. The propulsion module of Claim 1, wherein said nozzle is configured and adjusted such that it is adapted to inject a sheet of jet-water flow onto said segment of ride surface at a velocity higher than that of said rider or ride vehicle.

3. The propulsion module of Claim 1, wherein said nozzle is configured and adjusted such that it is adapted to inject a sheet of jet-water flow onto said segment of ride surface at a velocity less than that of said rider or ride vehicle.

4. The propulsion module of Claim 1, wherein said nozzle is configured and adjusted such that it is adapted to inject a sheet of jet-water flow onto said segment of ride surface at a velocity substantially equal to that of said rider or ride vehicle.

5. The propulsion module of Claim 1, wherein said one or more apertures is adjustable such that the thickness and velocity of the injected sheet of jet-water flow can be adjusted as desired.

6. The propulsion module of Claim 1, wherein said one or more apertures extends substantially across the entire width of said segment of ride surface.

7. The propulsion module of Claim 1, wherein said one or more apertures has an overall width of between about 20-200 cm and a height of between about 0.5-40 cm.

8. The propulsion module of Claim 1, wherein said nozzle is positioned within a recess formed in said segment of ride surface, said recess being of sufficient depth to substantially accommodate said aperture and the thickness of said injected sheet of jet water flow on said segment of ride surface.

9. The propulsion module of Claim 8, wherein the depth of said recess decreases from one end of said segment of ride surface adjacent said aperture toward the other end so as to accommodate the thickness of said injected sheet of jet water flow along said segment of ride surface so that .a rider or ride vehicle passing over said propulsion module experiences a substantially smooth transition over said propulsion module.

10. The propulsion module of Claim 8, wherein the width of said recess increases from one end of said segment of ride surface adjacent said aperture toward the other end so as to accommodate the fanning out of said injected sheet of jet water flow along said segment of ride surface.

11. The propulsion module of Claim 1, wherein said segment of ride surface is adapted to be connected end-to-end with other ride surface segments and/or propulsion modules to form a continuous length of elongated ride surface.

12. A plurality of propulsion modules as recited in Claim 1, wherein each said segment of ride surface has a first end adapted to receive said nozzle and a second end adapted to extend and connect one or more of said segments of ride surface to the first end of an adjacent propulsion module such that a rider or ride vehicle passing over a plurality of propulsion modules connected end-to-end would experience a substantially smooth transition over said plurality of propulsion modules.

13. The propulsion module of Claim 1, wherein said vents comprise porous vent openings formed adjacent either or both sides of said segment of ride surface.

14. The propulsion module of Claim 1, wherein said vents comprise a plurality of slots or holes formed adjacent either or both sides of said segment of ride surface.

15. The propulsion module of Claim 1, wherein said vents comprise one or more adjacent overflow flumes formed along said segment of ride surface.

16. The propulsion module of Claim 1, further comprising means for collecting and recirculating said slower moving water drained by said vents.

17. A kit for constructing a water ride, comprising:
one or more ride surface segments sized and configured to receive and support a rider or ride vehicle and adapted to be connected end-to-end to form a substantially continuous length of elongated ride surface;
one or more propulsion modules, each including a segment of ride surface, at least one flow-forming nozzle positioned underneath said segment of ride surface and having one or more apertures adapted to inject a sheet. of jet-water flow onto said segment of ride surface in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of a rider or ride vehicle traveling along said continuous length of elongated ride surface, at least one of said segments of ride surface including one or more vents disposed along either or both sides of said at least one segment of ride surface for draining slower moving water; and a distribution manifold for receiving water under pressure from a source and for safely delivering said water under pressure to each of said propulsion modules.

18. The kit of Claim 17, wherein each at least one of said propulsion modules has an aperture that is adjustable such that it, is adapted to inject a sheet of jet-water flow onto said segment of ride surface at a velocity higher than that of said rider or ride vehicle.

19. The kit of Claim 17, wherein at least one of propulsion modules has an aperture that is adjustable such that it is adapted to inject a sheet of jet-water flow onto said segment of ride surface at a velocity less than that of said rider or ride vehicle.

20. The kit of Claim 17, wherein said one or more apertures of each said nozzles is adjustable such that the thickness and velocity of the injected sheet of jet-water flow can be adjusted as desired.

21. The kit of Claim 17, wherein said one or more apertures of each said nozzle extends substantially across the entire ride surface width of each said propulsion module.

22. The kit of Claim 17, wherein at least one of said propulsion modules has a recess of sufficient depth to substantially accommodate said aperture and the thickness of said injected sheet of jet water flow.

23. The kit of Claim 17, wherein at least one of said propulsion modules has a recess having a depth which gradually decreases from one end of said segment of ride surface adjacent said aperture toward the other end so as to accommodate the thickness of paid injected sheet of jet water flow along said segment of ride surface so that a rider or ride vehicle passing over said propulsion module experiences a substantially smooth transition over said propulsion module.

24. The kit of Claim 23, wherein the width of said recess increases from one end of said segment of ride surface adjacent said aperture toward the other end so as to accommodate the fanning out of said injected sheet of jet water flow along said segments of ride surface.

25. The kit of Claim 17, wherein each said propulsion module comprises a segment of ride surface having a first end adapted to receive said nozzle and a second end adapted to extend and connect said segment of ride surface to an adjacent segment of ride surface to form a continuous length of elongated ride surface having one or more propulsion modules.

26. A kit for constructing a water ride, comprising:
one or more ride surface segments sized and configured to receive and support a rider or ride vehicle and adapted to be connected end-to-end to form a substantially continuous length of elongated ride surface;
one or more propulsion modules, each including a segment of ride surface, at least one flow-forming nozzle positioned along said segment of ride surface and having one or more apertures adapted to inject a sheet of jet-water flow onto said segment of ride surface in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of a rider or ride vehicle traveling along said continuous length of elongated ride surface; and one or more vents disposed along either or both sides of at least one of said ride surface segments for draining slower moving water.

27. A flow-forming nozzle in combination with a segment of ride surface of a water slide, the flow-forming nozzle comprising an inlet portion adapted to receive water under pressure from a source and an outlet portion comprising one or more elongated apertures having an overall shape and configuration conforming to the cross section of the ride surface of the water slide and adapted to inject a sheet of jet-water flow onto said water slide in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of a rider or ride vehicle riding on said slide so as to increase, decrease or maintain the velocity of said rider or ride vehicle, the segment of ride surface having a recess for receiving said nozzle, the depth of said recess gradually decreases from one end of said segment of ride surface adjacent said aperture toward the other end so as to accommodate the thickness of said injected sheet of jet water flow along said segment of ride surface, and one or more vents disposed along either or both sides of said segment of ride surface for draining slower moving water.

28. The nozzle of Claim 27, wherein said one or more apertures is adjustable such that the thickness and velocity of the injected sheet of jet-water flow can be adjusted as desired.

29. The nozzle of Claim 27, wherein said one or more apertures extends substantially across the entire width of said ride surface.

30. The nozzle of Claim 27, wherein said one or more apertures has an overall width of between about 20-200 cm and a height of between about 0.5-40 cm.

31. The nozzle of Claim 27, wherein said one or more apertures comprises a single aperture having a flat, generally rectangular cross section having an overall width of between about 20-200 cm and a height of between about 0.5-40 cm.

32. The combination of Claim 27, wherein said vents comprise porous vent openings formed adjacent each side of said segment of ride surface.

33. The combination of Claim 27, wherein said vents comprise a plurality of slots or holes formed adjacent each side of said segment of ride surface

34. The combination of Claim 27, wherein said vents comprise one or more adjacent overflow flumes formed along said segment of ride surface.

35. The combination of Claim 27, further comprising means for collecting and recirculating said slower moving water drained by said vents.

36. A modular ride surface for incorporating into a water ride, comprising a plurality of ride surface segments adapted to be connected end-to-end to form a continuous length of elongated ride surface, each said ride surface segments being sized and configured to receive and support a rider or ride vehicle traveling along said elongated ride surface and comprising a smooth lower support surface and one or more vents disposed along either or both sides of said support surface for draining slower moving water.

37. The modular ride surface of Claim 36, wherein at least one of said ride segments has a recess of sufficient depth to substantially accommodate a flow-forming nozzle or aperture and an injected sheet of jet-water flow on said segment of ride surface.

38. The modular ride surface of Claim 37, wherein the depth of said recess gradually decreases from one end of said segment of ride surface toward the other end so as to accommodate the thickness of said injected sheet of jet water flow along said segment of ride surface so that a rider or ride vehicle passing over said ride surface segment experiences a substantially smooth transition over said propulsion module.

39. The modular ride surface of Claim 36, wherein said vents comprise porous vent openings formed adjacent each side of said segment of ride surface.

40. The modular ride surface of Claim 36, wherein said vents comprise a plurality of slots or holes formed adjacent each side of said segment of ride surface.

41. The modular ride surface of Claim 36, wherein said vents comprise one or more adjacent overflow flumes formed along said segment of ride surface.

42. The modular ride surface of Claim 36, further comprising means for collecting and recirculating said slower moving water drained by said vents.

43. A water flume ride comprising a plurality of ride surface segments sized and configured to receive and support a rider or ride vehicle and connected together to form a substantially continuous length of elongated ride surface and one or more vents disposed along either or both sides of said ride surface for draining slower moving water from said ride surface.

44. The water flume ride of claim 43, wherein said vents comprise porous vent opening: formed adjacent each side of said ride surface.

45. The water flume ride of Claim 43, wherein said vents comprise a plurality of slots or holes formed adjacent each side of said ride surface.

46. The water flume ride of Claim 43 further comprising one or more propulsion modules including at least one flow-forming nozzle positioned within a recess formed along said ride surface and having one or more apertures adapted to inject a sheet of jet-water flow onto said ride surface in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of a rider or ride vehicle traveling along said continuous length of elongated ride surface.

47. The water flume ride of Claim 46, wherein said one or more apertures is adjustable such that the thickness and velocity of the injected sheet of jet-water flow can be adjusted as desired.

48. The water flume ride of Claim 46, wherein said one or more apertures extends substantially the width of said ride surface and has an overall width of between about 20-200 cm and a height of between about 0.5-40 cm.

49. The water flume ride of Claim 46, wherein said one or more apertures is disposed within a recess of sufficient depth to substantially accommodate said aperture and the thickness of said injected sheet of jet water flow on said ride surface.

50. The water flume ride of Claim 46, wherein the depth of said recess decreases from adjacent said one or more apertures to a point substantially downstream thereof so as to accommodate the thickness of said injected sheet of jet-water flow along said ride surface so that a rider or ride vehicle passing over said propulsion module experiences a substantially smooth transition over said propulsion module.

51. The propulsion module of Claim 50, wherein the width of said recess increases from one end of said segment of ride surface adjacent said aperture toward the other end so as to accommodate the fanning out of said injected sheet of jet water flow along said ride surface.