- San Diego State University
School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences
5500 Campanile Drive
San Diego, CA
92182-7251 - 619-594-7272
Daniel Goble
Oakland University, Exercise Science, Faculty Member
- Neuroscience, Health Sciences, Behavioral Sciences, Medical Imaging, Sensory Neuroscience, Aging, and 12 moreLaterality, Handedness, Biology, Sport, Physical Education, Exercise Science, Rehabilitation, Proprioception, Hemispheric Asymmetries, Brain injury, Visual Feedback, and Sensorimotor Neuroscienceedit
- Biomechanist, neuroscientist, and software developer. Researcher of balance and proprioception. Founder of http://www.balancetrackingsystems.com .edit
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Abstract Upper limb asymmetries in motor behavior are thought to be one of the most obvious examples of lateralized brain function. This phenomenon, more generally known as ?handedness?, has traditionally been approached from the... more
Abstract Upper limb asymmetries in motor behavior are thought to be one of the most obvious examples of lateralized brain function. This phenomenon, more generally known as ?handedness?, has traditionally been approached from the standpoint of motor output, ...
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Falls are the leading cause of mortality and chronic disability in elderly adults. There are effective fall prevention interventions available. But only a fraction of the individuals with balance/dizziness problems are seeking timely help... more
Falls are the leading cause of mortality and chronic disability in elderly adults. There are effective fall prevention interventions available. But only a fraction of the individuals with balance/dizziness problems are seeking timely help from the healthcare system. Current literature confirms the underutilization of healthcare services for the management of balance problems in adults, especially older adults. This review article explores factors associated with healthcare utilization as guided by the Andersen Healthcare Utilization Model, a framework frequently used to explore the factors leading to the use of health services. Age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, and comorbidities have been identified as some of the potential predisposing factors; socioeconomic status, health insurance, and access to primary care are the enabling and disabling factors; and severity of balance problem, perceived illness, and its impact on daily activities are the factors affecting need for care associated...
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Compression socks are used by a very diverse group of individuals and may potentially have a greater impact on physically diminished or impaired individuals as opposed to healthy individuals. The purpose of this study was to compare the... more
Compression socks are used by a very diverse group of individuals and may potentially have a greater impact on physically diminished or impaired individuals as opposed to healthy individuals. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of sub-clinical (SC) and clinical (CL) compression socks among healthy (CON), copers (COP), and individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Postural stability was evaluated in 20 participants (11 males and 9 females) using Balance Tracking System Balance platform (BTrackS™) during the modified clinical test of sensory integration in balance (mCTSIB) and limits of stability (LOS) tests. Postural sway parameters were analyzed using a mixed model repeated measures analysis of variance 3 (group: CON, COP, and CAI) by 3 (compression condition: BF, SC, and CL) × 4 (balance condition: EO, EC, EOF, and ECF) for mCTSIB and a 3 (group: CON, COP, and CAI) by 3 (compression condition: BF, SC, CL) × 4 (balance condition: FL, BL, BR, FR) for LOS. Res...
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This study aimed to characterize the risk of falling in low-, moderate- and high-risk participants from two different geographical locations using a portable force-plate. A sample of 390 older adults from South and North America were... more
This study aimed to characterize the risk of falling in low-, moderate- and high-risk participants from two different geographical locations using a portable force-plate. A sample of 390 older adults from South and North America were matched for age, sex, height and weight. All participants performed a standardized balance assessment using a force plate. Participants were classified in low, moderate and high risk of falling. No differences were observed between South and North American men, nor comparing North American men and women. South American women showed the significantly shorter center of pressure path length compared to other groups. The majority of the sample was categorized as having low risk of falling (male: 65.69% and female: 61.87%), with no differences between men and women. Moreover, no differences were found between North vs. South Americans, nor between male and female groups compared separately. In conclusion, South American women had better balance compatible wi...
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Research has shown that psychedelics, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), have profound anti-inflammatory properties mediated by 5-HT2A receptor signaling, supporting their evaluation as a therapeutic for neuroinflammation... more
Research has shown that psychedelics, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), have profound anti-inflammatory properties mediated by 5-HT2A receptor signaling, supporting their evaluation as a therapeutic for neuroinflammation associated with neurodegenerative disease. Objective This study evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of orally repeated administration of 5 μg, 10 μg, and 20 μg LSD in older healthy individuals. In the current paper, we present safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamic measures that relate to safety, tolerability, and dose response. Methods This was a phase 1 double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study. Volunteers were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dose groups (5 μg, 10 μg, 20 μg LSD, and placebo), and received their assigned dose on six occasions (i.e., every 4 days). Results Forty-eight older healthy volunteers (mean age = 62.9 years) received placebo (n = 12), 5 μg (n = 12), 10 μg (n = 12), or 2...
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Changes in postural sway measured via force plate center of pressure have been associated with many aspects of human motor ability. A previous study validated the accuracy and precision of a relatively new, low-cost and portable force... more
Changes in postural sway measured via force plate center of pressure have been associated with many aspects of human motor ability. A previous study validated the accuracy and precision of a relatively new, low-cost and portable force plate called the Balance Tracking System (BTrackS). This work compared a laboratory-grade force plate versus BTrackS during human-like dynamic sway conditions generated by an inverted pendulum device. The present study sought to extend previous validation attempts for BTrackS using a more traditional point of application (POA) approach. Computer numerical control (CNC) guided application of ∼155 N of force was applied five times to each of 21 points on five different BTrackS Balance Plate (BBP) devices with a hex-nose plunger. Results showed excellent agreement (ICC > 0.999) between the POAs and measured COP by the BBP devices, as well as high accuracy (<1% average percent error) and precision (<0.1 cm average standard deviation of residuals)....
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Recent guidelines advocate for ongoing balance testing in the assessment of management of concussion injuries. This study sought to determine whether the Balance Tracking System (BTrackS) provides stable balance results over repeated... more
Recent guidelines advocate for ongoing balance testing in the assessment of management of concussion injuries. This study sought to determine whether the Balance Tracking System (BTrackS) provides stable balance results over repeated administration and, thus, is a reliable tool for concussion management. Repeated measures and test-retest reliability. University Biomechanics Laboratory. Random sample of 20 healthy young adults. Force plate balance testing using BTrackS on days 1, 3, 8, and 15. Practice-induced changes in the average center of pressure excursion over 4 repeated administrations of the BTrackS Balance Test (BBT). Test-retest reliability of center of pressure excursion from day 1 to day 15. No significant practice-induced balance differences were found across testing days (P > 0.4), and test-retest reliability of the BBT was excellent from day 1 to day 15 (R 0.92). These findings indicate that the BBT does not elicit a practice effect over repeat administrations. BTra...
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Over the past several decades, studies of use-dependent plasticity have demonstrated a critical role for proprioceptive feedback in the reorganization, and subsequent recovery, of neuromotor systems. As such, an increasing emphasis has... more
Over the past several decades, studies of use-dependent plasticity have demonstrated a critical role for proprioceptive feedback in the reorganization, and subsequent recovery, of neuromotor systems. As such, an increasing emphasis has been placed on tests of proprioceptive acuity in both the clinic and the laboratory. One test that has garnered particular interest is joint position matching, whereby individuals must replicate a reference joint angle in the absence of vision (ie, using proprioceptive information). On the surface, this test might seem straightforward in nature. However, the present perspective article informs therapists and researchers alike of multiple insights gained from a recent series of position matching studies by the author and colleagues. In particular, 5 factors are outlined that can assist clinicians in developing well-informed opinions regarding the outcomes of tests of position matching abilities. This information should allow for enhanced diagnosis of p...
Research Interests: Psychology, General Practice, Medicine, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy, and 15 moreActivities of Daily Living, Proprioception, Humans, Kinesthesia, Posture, Clinical Sciences, Position Sense, Task factors, Elbow Joint, Age Factors, Torque, Reference Values, Functional Laterality, Psychomotor Performance, and Matching statistics
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Research Interests: Engineering, Mathematics, Locomotion, Laterality, Medicine, and 15 moreHuman Movement Science, Bilateral Symmetry, Gait, Population, Humans, Male, Ground Reaction Force, Repeated Measures, Adult, Interaction effect, Postural Balance, Biomechanical Phenomena, Extremities, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, and Medical and Health Sciences
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Structural and neurochemical changes in frontostriatal circuits are thought to underlie age-related behavioural deficits on cognitive tasks. We combined event-related FMRI and cognitively demanding movement coordination to investigate... more
Structural and neurochemical changes in frontostriatal circuits are thought to underlie age-related behavioural deficits on cognitive tasks. We combined event-related FMRI and cognitively demanding movement coordination to investigate brain function in older adults. Right handed ...
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KULeuven. ...
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Research Interests: Mechanical Engineering, Psychology, Adolescent, Exercise therapy, Medicine, and 15 morePhysical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy, Humans, Female, Male, Posturography, Posture, Clinical Sciences, Physical Fitness, Adult, Nintendo Wii, Reproducibility of Results, Body Weight, Postural Balance, and Balance training
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Research Interests: Cognitive Science, Cognition, Aging, Attention, Cognitive Neuroscience, and 15 moreFMRI, Basal ganglia function, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Cues, Female, Bimanual Coordination, Aged, Cerebral, Adult, Globus Pallidus, Basal ganglia, Age Factors, Biomechanical Phenomena, and Functional Laterality
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Research Interests: Neuroscience, Psychology, Cognitive Science, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Aging, and 15 moreMedicine, Brain Mapping, Brain, Humans, Cerebral Cortex, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Female, Male, Aged, Middle Aged, Basal ganglia, Neural pathways, Neurosciences, Functional Laterality, and Neuropsychological Tests
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Research Interests: Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Virtual Reality (Computer Graphics), Rehabilitation, Neurorehabilitation, and 12 moreVideo Games, Postural Control, Exercise therapy, Medicine, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Gait and Balance, Humans, Balance, Computer User Interface Design, Postural Balance, Neurosciences, and Balance training
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In young adults, canceling an initiated action depends on the right inferior frontal cortex (IFC), presupplementary motor area (preSMA), and the basal ganglia. Older adults show response inhibition deficits, but how this relates to... more
In young adults, canceling an initiated action depends on the right inferior frontal cortex (IFC), presupplementary motor area (preSMA), and the basal ganglia. Older adults show response inhibition deficits, but how this relates to functional brain activation remains unclear. Using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging, we tested whether older adults (N = 20) exhibit overactivation during stop-signal inhibition as shown for attentional control tasks, or reduced activity compared with young adults (N = 20). We used a modified stop-signal task involving coupled bimanual responses and manipulated whether both or just one hand was cued to stop. Stop-task difficulty was matched across groups. We found a group by condition interaction in supramarginal gyrus, anterior insula, rIFC, and preSMA, with activation increasing for successful Stop versus Go trials in the young adults only. Comparing the groups on Stop trials revealed preSMA and striatum hypoactivity for older adults....
Research Interests: Neuroscience, Psychology, Cognitive Science, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Aging, and 15 moreMedicine, Brain Mapping, Brain, Humans, Cerebral Cortex, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Female, Male, Aged, Middle Aged, Basal ganglia, Neural pathways, Neurosciences, Functional Laterality, and Neuropsychological Tests
As the percentage of individuals over the age of 60 years continues to rise, determining the extent and functional significance of age-related declines in sensorimotor performance is of increasing importance. This review examines the... more
As the percentage of individuals over the age of 60 years continues to rise, determining the extent and functional significance of age-related declines in sensorimotor performance is of increasing importance. This review examines the specific contribution of proprioceptive feedback to sensorimotor performance in older adults. First, a global perspective of proprioceptive acuity is provided assimilating information from studies where only one of several aspects of proprioceptive function (e.g. sense of position, motion or dynamic position) was quantified, and/or a single joint or limb segment tested. Second, the consequences of proprioceptive deficits are established with particular emphasis placed on postural control. Lastly, the potential for plastic changes in the aging proprioceptive system is highlighted, including studies which relate physical activity to enhanced proprioceptive abilities in older adults. Overall, this review provides a foundation for future studies regarding the proprioceptive feedback abilities of elderly individuals. Such studies may lead to greater advances in the treatment and prevention of the sensorimotor deficits typically associated with the aging process.
Research Interests: Neuroscience, Psychology, Plasticity, Cognition, Aging, and 15 moreAttention, Physical Activity, Postural Control, Medicine, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Proprioception, Humans, Kinesthesia, DYNAMIC POSITIONING, Aged, Middle Aged, Degeneration, Joint Position Sense, Older Adult, and Medical and Health Sciences
Depending on task combination, dual-tasking can either be performed successfully or can lead to performance decrements in one or both tasks. Interference is believed to be caused by limitations in central processing, i.e. structural... more
Depending on task combination, dual-tasking can either be performed successfully or can lead to performance decrements in one or both tasks. Interference is believed to be caused by limitations in central processing, i.e. structural interference between the neural activation patterns associated with each task. In the present study, single- and dual-task effects were addressed in the context of aging. Increasing evidence from research on motor and cognitive tasks has shown that aging is associated with an expansion of brain activation and an increased BOLD-signal. This may result in increased structural interference and higher dual-task interference in older adults. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure the BOLD-response in 20 old and 20 young healthy adults while performing tasks separately, or combined. Single tasks consisted of mental arithmetic cued by auditory tones, and a visuomotor task, drawing a circular shape with spatiotemporal constraints. Age-related brain activation increases were only apparent during performance of the visuomotor task. Elderly showed higher BOLD-responses in a frontoparietal network, pointing to an increased reliance on sensory feedback processing. However, no increased structural interference was found for the elderly during performance of the dual-task. Region of interest analysis involving a functional cluster within the (pre-) supplementary motor area, active during performance of both single-tasks, revealed that both groups were able to upregulate their brain activity for dual-as compared to single-task performance. We assume that this allowed both groups to maintain performance under dual-task conditions, leading to minimal dual-task interference.
Research Interests: Cognitive Science, Cognition, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Aging, Attention, and 15 moreMedicine, FMRI, Cognitive Aging, Brain Mapping, Humans, Cerebral Cortex, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Female, Male, Aged, Mathematical Concepts, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Human Brain Mapping, and Dual Tasking
Research Interests: Computer Science, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Laterality, Medicine, FMRI, and 15 moreBrain Mapping, Brain, Humans, Coordination, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Female, Male, Adult, Inferior frontal gyrus, Hemispheric Specialization, Action Representation, Biomechanical Phenomena, Functional Laterality, Medical and Health Sciences, and intraparietal sulcus
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Our sense of body position and movement independent of vision (i.e., proprioception) relies on muscle spindle feedback and is vital for performing motor acts. In this study, we first sought to elucidate age‐related differences in the... more
Our sense of body position and movement independent of vision (i.e., proprioception) relies on muscle spindle feedback and is vital for performing motor acts. In this study, we first sought to elucidate age‐related differences in the central processing of proprioceptive information by stimulating foot muscle spindles and by measuring neural activation with functional magnetic resonance imaging. We found that healthy older adults activated a similar, distributed network of primary somatosensory and secondary‐associative cortical brain regions as young individuals during the vibration‐induced muscle spindle stimulation. A significant decrease in neural activity was also found in a cluster of right putamen voxels for the older age group when compared with the younger age group. Given these differences, we performed two additional analyses within each group that quantified the degree to which age‐dependent activity was related to (1) brain structure and (2) a behavioral measure of propr...
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Proprioceptive information from the foot/ankle provides important information regarding body sway for balance control, especially in situations where visual information is degraded or absent. Given known increases in catastrophic injury... more
Proprioceptive information from the foot/ankle provides important information regarding body sway for balance control, especially in situations where visual information is degraded or absent. Given known increases in catastrophic injury due to falls with older age, understanding the neural basis of proprioceptive processing for balance control is particularly important for older adults. In the present study, we linked neural activity in response to stimulation of key foot proprioceptors (i.e., muscle spindles) with balance ability across the lifespan. Twenty young and 20 older human adults underwent proprioceptive mapping; foot tendon vibration was compared with vibration of a nearby bone in an fMRI environment to determine regions of the brain that were active in response to muscle spindle stimulation. Several body sway metrics were also calculated for the same participants on an eyes-closed balance task. Based on regression analyses, multiple clusters of voxels were identified sho...
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Research Interests: Cognitive Science, Cognition, Aging, Attention, Cognitive Neuroscience, and 15 moreFMRI, Basal ganglia function, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Cues, Female, Bimanual Coordination, Aged, Cerebral, Adult, Globus Pallidus, Basal ganglia, Age Factors, Biomechanical Phenomena, and Functional Laterality
Research Interests: Cognitive Science, Biomechanics, Cognition, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, FMRI, and 15 moreLearning, Brain Mapping, Brain, Humans, Cerebral Cortex, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Female, Male, Bimanual Coordination, Augmented Feedback, Cerebral, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Hand, and Biomechanical Phenomena
Coordinated hand use is an essential component of many activities of daily living. Although previous studies have demonstrated age‐related behavioral deficits in bimanual tasks, studies that assessed the neural basis underlying such... more
Coordinated hand use is an essential component of many activities of daily living. Although previous studies have demonstrated age‐related behavioral deficits in bimanual tasks, studies that assessed the neural basis underlying such declines in function do not exist. In this fMRI study, 16 old and 16 young healthy adults performed bimanual movements varying in coordination complexity (i.e., in‐phase, antiphase) and movement frequency (i.e., 45, 60, 75, 90% of critical antiphase speed) demands. Difficulty was normalized on an individual subject basis leading to group performances (measured by phase accuracy/stability) that were matched for young and old subjects. Despite lower overall movement frequency, the old group “overactivated” brain areas compared with the young adults. These regions included the supplementary motor area, higher order feedback processing areas, and regions typically ascribed to cognitive functions (e.g., inferior parietal cortex/dorsolateral prefrontal cortex)...
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Motor neurophysiologists are placing greater emphasis on sensory feedback processing than ever before. In line with this shift, a recent article by Ostry and colleagues provided timely new evidence that force-field motor learning... more
Motor neurophysiologists are placing greater emphasis on sensory feedback processing than ever before. In line with this shift, a recent article by Ostry and colleagues provided timely new evidence that force-field motor learning influences not only motor output, but also proprioceptive sense. In this Neuro Forum, the merits and limitations of Ostry and colleagues are explored in the context of recent work on proprioceptive function, including several recent studies from this journal.