—During the Cretaceous and Paleogene, the Indian subcontinent was isolated as it migrated north from the east coast of Africa to collide with Asia. As it passed over the Reunion hotspot in the late Maastrichtian–early Danian, a series of... more
—During the Cretaceous and Paleogene, the Indian subcontinent was isolated as it migrated north from the east coast of Africa to collide with Asia. As it passed over the Reunion hotspot in the late Maastrichtian–early Danian, a series of lava flows extruded, known as the Deccan Traps. Also during this interval, there was a major mass-extinction event at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary, punctuated by a meteorite impact at Chicxulub, Mexico. What were the biological implications of these changes in paleogeography and the extensive volcanism in terms of biodiversity, evolution, and biogeography? By combining chronostratigraphic, paleosol, and paleobotanical data, an understanding of how the ecosystems and climates changed and the relative contributions of the Chicxulub impact, Deccan Traps volcanism, and paleogeographic isolation can be gained. Understanding relative ages of paleobotanical localities is crucial to determining floristic changes, and is challenging because different methods (e.g., magnetostratigraphy, radiometric dating, vertebrate and microfossil biostratigraphy) sometimes give conflicting answers, or have not been done for paleobotanical localities. Climatic data can be obtained quantitatively by studying paleosol geochemistry, as well as qualitatively by examining functional traits and nearest living relatives of fossil plants. An additional challenge is revising macrofossil data, which includes some confidently identified taxa and others with uncertain affinities. This is important for understanding ecosystem composition both spatially and temporally, as well as the biogeographic implications of an isolated India.
Background and approach – The Deccan Intertrappean Beds of Central India contain a diverse assemblage of fossil plants, including petrified woods from 15 localities. These beds are dated at c. 67–64 Ma, i.e. latest Cretaceous–earliest... more
Background and approach – The Deccan Intertrappean Beds of Central India contain a diverse assemblage of fossil plants, including petrified woods from 15 localities. These beds are dated at c. 67–64 Ma, i.e. latest Cretaceous–earliest Paleocene and span the K-Pg boundary, a significant time in angiosperm history. At this time, the Indian tectonic plate was halfway on its journey from Gondwana to its collision with Asia, and relatively close to the equator. We provide descriptions in IAWA Hardwood List codes for 47 species of Deccan fossil woods, based on our examination of thin sections of these woods, mostly holotypes that are housed at the Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, Lucknow, India. An appendix lists all validly published Deccan wood species of which we are aware, including 52 that we were not able to examine.
Strangely configured vessels composed of few elements interconnected in a sphere- or ring-like structure are reported from the type specimen of Amooroxylon deccanensis Bande & Prakash, a large fossil trunk from the Deccan Intertrappean... more
Strangely configured vessels composed of few elements interconnected in a
sphere- or ring-like structure are reported from the type specimen of Amooroxylon
deccanensis Bande & Prakash, a large fossil trunk from the Deccan Intertrappean
Beds of central India (late Cretaceous-early Paleocene, about 66 MY
before present). In the recent flora, circular vessels have been found mainly in
association with branching nodes, axillary buds, wound callus, and pathogens,
and they have been artificially induced by auxin. The presence of circular vessels
in this fossil trunk showing no signs of branching or trauma makes this
record highly unusual.
sphere- or ring-like structure are reported from the type specimen of Amooroxylon
deccanensis Bande & Prakash, a large fossil trunk from the Deccan Intertrappean
Beds of central India (late Cretaceous-early Paleocene, about 66 MY
before present). In the recent flora, circular vessels have been found mainly in
association with branching nodes, axillary buds, wound callus, and pathogens,
and they have been artificially induced by auxin. The presence of circular vessels
in this fossil trunk showing no signs of branching or trauma makes this
record highly unusual.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The wood of Oleoxylon deccanense, reported informally in 1981 from the Deccan Intertrappean Beds of central India, is re-examined. We provide a formal diagnosis for the species and a more detailed description. The similarity to wood from... more
The wood of Oleoxylon deccanense, reported informally in 1981 from the Deccan Intertrappean Beds of central India, is re-examined. We provide a formal diagnosis for the species and a more detailed description. The similarity to wood from species groups of the modern genera Chionanthus and Olea leads us to infer that this fossil taxon probably belongs to the monophyletic drupaceous subtribe Oleinae of the olive family, Oleaceae (Lamiales), although affinities with Rhamnaceae and Rutaceae cannot be wholly excluded. Since the fossil is from a late Maastrichtian-Danian horizon (65–67 MY BP) this would imply that a member of the Oleaceae was part of the flora that inhabited India several million years prior to the tectonic impact of India with Asia. The seemingly modern appearance of this and other Deccan fossil woods is briefly discussed.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
... 6961 of the Journal Series of the Agricultural Research SeIVice, Raleigh, North Carolina. Page 2. 170 one week in acetone in a soxhlet extracting apparatus prior to drying. ... IAWA Bull. 1974/4: 3-7. Sauter, J.1., W. Iten &... more
... 6961 of the Journal Series of the Agricultural Research SeIVice, Raleigh, North Carolina. Page 2. 170 one week in acetone in a soxhlet extracting apparatus prior to drying. ... IAWA Bull. 1974/4: 3-7. Sauter, J.1., W. Iten & MH Zimmermann. 1973. ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
... For example, GUESS is inefficient for the multiple entry key to angiospcrm families developed by Hansen and Ralm (1969) and computerised by Duncan and Mcacham (1986) (a database of relatively few taxa and many features), but MEKA... more
... For example, GUESS is inefficient for the multiple entry key to angiospcrm families developed by Hansen and Ralm (1969) and computerised by Duncan and Mcacham (1986) (a database of relatively few taxa and many features), but MEKA (Dun-can & Mcacham, 1986 ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Adaptation, Mediterranean, Evolution, Climate, Databases, and 16 moreDNA, Cretaceous, Reconstruction, Forest, Dendroclimatology, Isotopes, Data, Insects, Xylem, Tertiary, Trees, Proxy, Altitude, Leaves, Interglacials, and Latitude
Research Interests:
ABSTRACT
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Wheeler EA, Baas P, Gasson PE,(eds.). 1989 IAWA list of microscopic features for hardwood identification. IAWA Bull.(NS). 10. 219-332. Definitions of terms, examples of spp. with various characters, photos. Review by C. Schirarend in:... more
Wheeler EA, Baas P, Gasson PE,(eds.). 1989 IAWA list of microscopic features for hardwood identification. IAWA Bull.(NS). 10. 219-332. Definitions of terms, examples of spp. with various characters, photos. Review by C. Schirarend in: Feddes Repert. 101 (1990) 600. ...
Baas P, Wheeler EA. 2000 Wood structure of Southeast Asian timbers-the PROSEA woods reviewed. In: Kim, Y, S ed (s). New horizons in wood anatomy.. Chonnam National University Press: Kwangju, Korea. pp. 1-9. Jodrell 634.9273 (9). Wood,... more
Baas P, Wheeler EA. 2000 Wood structure of Southeast Asian timbers-the PROSEA woods reviewed. In: Kim, Y, S ed (s). New horizons in wood anatomy.. Chonnam National University Press: Kwangju, Korea. pp. 1-9. Jodrell 634.9273 (9). Wood, uses, Wood ...
Research Interests: Geology and Palaeobotany
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Paraphyllanthoxylon abbottii n. sp. and cf. Plataninium haydenii Felix from the Paleocene Black Peaks Formation, Big Bend National Park, Texas, are the first Paleocene dicotyledonous woods described from North America. Both represent wood... more
Paraphyllanthoxylon abbottii n. sp. and cf. Plataninium haydenii Felix from the Paleocene Black Peaks Formation, Big Bend National Park, Texas, are the first Paleocene dicotyledonous woods described from North America. Both represent wood types common ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
... to 3700 km2 (Hampshire) in area, and in some in-stances showed a greater elevation range (up to 410 m on Guam). ... vicinity of Ginkgo Petrified Forest State Park, Washington, was scored from pub-lished wood descriptions (Beck, 1945;... more
... to 3700 km2 (Hampshire) in area, and in some in-stances showed a greater elevation range (up to 410 m on Guam). ... vicinity of Ginkgo Petrified Forest State Park, Washington, was scored from pub-lished wood descriptions (Beck, 1945; Duperon, 1988; Prakash, 1968; Prakash ...
... 3 Ring-porosity is typical of seasonal climates in the Northern Hemisphere (Gilbert, 1940; Woodcock, 1994; Woodcock and Ignas, 1994) and ... for xylem transport in plants for more than a century and, despite recent challenges (Balling... more
... 3 Ring-porosity is typical of seasonal climates in the Northern Hemisphere (Gilbert, 1940; Woodcock, 1994; Woodcock and Ignas, 1994) and ... for xylem transport in plants for more than a century and, despite recent challenges (Balling and Zimmermann, 1990; Canny, 1995, 1997 ...
SUMMARY There are fewer than 200 angiosperm wood records for the whole of the Cre- taceous; the majority are from North America, Europe, and Asia. This paper describes two petrified woods from the Late Cretaceous Hefhuf Formation, Farafra... more
SUMMARY There are fewer than 200 angiosperm wood records for the whole of the Cre- taceous; the majority are from North America, Europe, and Asia. This paper describes two petrified woods from the Late Cretaceous Hefhuf Formation, Farafra Oasis, Egypt, a locality near the Campanian equator. Affinities of these two wood types cannot be determined with certainty. One wood has
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
... A survey of the fossil record for dicotyledonous wood and its significance for evolutionary and ecological wood anatomy. IAWA Bull., 12: 275322. Wheeler, EA, Pearson, RG, LaPasha, CA, Zack, T. and Hatley, W., 1986. Computeraided wood... more
... A survey of the fossil record for dicotyledonous wood and its significance for evolutionary and ecological wood anatomy. IAWA Bull., 12: 275322. Wheeler, EA, Pearson, RG, LaPasha, CA, Zack, T. and Hatley, W., 1986. Computeraided wood identification. Ref. manual. NC Ag. ...
Research Interests:
... Profile diagrams of evergreen tropical forests taken in British Guiana and Trinidad suggest a spacing as low as 6-to-7 m for 520 m 2 plots (Polunin ... We thank Heather Beatty, John Mosley, Susan Tomlinson, William Straight, Lynn and... more
... Profile diagrams of evergreen tropical forests taken in British Guiana and Trinidad suggest a spacing as low as 6-to-7 m for 520 m 2 plots (Polunin ... We thank Heather Beatty, John Mosley, Susan Tomlinson, William Straight, Lynn and Tom Padgett for assistance with field work. ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
A new formation, the Ketavik Formation, is proposed for Paleogene rocks of Katmai National Park near Brooks Camp. The type section is in an area previously mapped as the Jurassic Talkeetna Formation. The proposed formation was deposited... more
A new formation, the Ketavik Formation, is proposed for Paleogene rocks of Katmai National Park near Brooks Camp. The type section is in an area previously mapped as the Jurassic Talkeetna Formation. The proposed formation was deposited in a fluvial environment. It is distinct from the coeval Copper Lake Formation on the southeast side of the Alaska Peninsula volcanic arc
Research Interests:
... TOPALOĞLU, E. & AY, N.: The physical and mechanical properties of Douglas fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii ... GORIEK, .: Influence of conventional drying intensity on quality of dried fir (Abies alba ... 187 KÚDELA, J.: Influence of... more
... TOPALOĞLU, E. & AY, N.: The physical and mechanical properties of Douglas fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii ... GORIEK, .: Influence of conventional drying intensity on quality of dried fir (Abies alba ... 187 KÚDELA, J.: Influence of moisture content on stability of OSB columns loaded ...