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Research Interests: History, Exercise Physiology, Outdoor Education, Kinesiology, Leisure Studies, and 12 morePublic Health, Swimming, Exercise Science, Evidence Based Library and Information Practice, Health and Physical Education, Water Safety, Sports Sciences, Curriculum and Pedagogy, Sports Studies, Pandemic, novel coronavirus, and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
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a b s t r a c t All nations would benefit from a simple, clear Drowning Chain of Survival. In high income nations this tool will refine prevention and the call for action. In low and middle income nations this tool is a guide for policy... more
a b s t r a c t All nations would benefit from a simple, clear Drowning Chain of Survival. In high income nations this tool will refine prevention and the call for action. In low and middle income nations this tool is a guide for policy making, resource allocation and priority setting in drowning prevention. A best evidence approach was utilized to create a universal Drowning Chain of Survival. Education on how to prevent drowning and to how react when a drowning incident occurs has not always been guided by good levels of evidence, or high levels of specialized training in drowning process recognition and management. The Drowning Chain of Survival refers to a series of steps that when enacted, attempts to reduce mortality associated with drowning and attempted aquatic rescue. The term "chain of survival" has provided a useful metaphor for the elements of the emergency cardiac care system for sudden cardiac arrest, however interventions and patient management in drowning involves principles and actions that are specific to these situations. The result is a unique and universal Drowning Chain of Survival comprised of five links guiding the important life-saving steps for lay and professional rescuers. This may significantly improve chances of prevention, survival and recovery from drowning. The steps of the chain are: Prevent drowning, Recognize distress, Provide flotation, Remove from water, and Provide care as needed.
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... would be remiss if we didn't acknowledge Rainer Martens's special brand of motivation in mak-ing this book a reality and our developmental editors, Sue Mauck and especially Holly Gilly for ... mental to,... more
... would be remiss if we didn't acknowledge Rainer Martens's special brand of motivation in mak-ing this book a reality and our developmental editors, Sue Mauck and especially Holly Gilly for ... mental to, swimming strokes (Bory, 1971; Newman, 1983; Murray, 1981; Prudden, 1974 ...
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The Power Balance band claims to enhance balance. The purpose of this study was to test whether or not the wearing of the balance band would improve balance. College students were randomly assigned into four groups according to the... more
The Power Balance band claims to enhance balance. The purpose of this study was to test whether or not the wearing of the balance band would improve balance. College students were randomly assigned into four groups according to the Solomon four-group design. A Power Balance band and a placebo band were disguised to appear the same and served as the treatment and control. Balance was measured by using the Biodex Balance System using the limits of stability protocol with the tracing device turned off to limit visual feedback. Thirty-two men and 46 women participated. A 2 x 2 factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA), analysis of covariance, and an independent t test were used. There was no significant interaction between the pre/posttest condition and the treatment (p > .05). Using the pretest as the covariate, there was no significant treatment effect (p = .705).The t test between pre/post test scores showed no significant difference (p = .360). A one-way ANOVA on the posttest scores of all groups showed a significant difference (p = .001). The significant differences were between the groups using a pretest and those that did not (p = .09, .02). This indicated a testing but no treatment effect since the posttest only treatment versus control group difference was not significant (p = .502). Our hypothesis of there being no significant improvement in balance by wearing the PB band was upheld. These bands do not improve performance based on objective balance tests. The results did show that practice improves balance.
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ABSTRACT Background: Valid motor development sequences show the various behaviors that children display as they progress toward competence in specific motor skills. Teachers can use these sequences to observe informally or formally assess... more
ABSTRACT Background: Valid motor development sequences show the various behaviors that children display as they progress toward competence in specific motor skills. Teachers can use these sequences to observe informally or formally assess their students. While longitudinal study is ultimately required to validate developmental sequences, there are earlier, pre-longitudinal steps that can be used to screen hypothesized sequences to see if they are worthy of the time and expense of longitudinal study. These same steps can also provide teachers with preliminary tools for observation/assessment. Purpose: At the request of physical educators in a midwestern suburb in the United States, the investigators screened developmental sequences for the action of arms and legs in self-turned rope jumping. The goal was to create a preliminary assessment tool that could be used in physical education classes. Participants: The physical educators took videos of 216 children attempting to jump rope. The children were 5–10 years of age. Data analysis: The investigators categorized the videos using the hypothesized developmental sequences as a checklist. The incidence of each level in the sequences was then graphed to see if the percentages of occurrence rose and fell across age as would be expected if the levels were developmentally valid. The investigators also looked at whether children who varied their behavior across trials varied only to adjacent levels in the sequences. Results: Results indicated that one hypothesized arm category was not developmental, and two leg categories needed further study in younger children. Based on these results, the investigators modified the proposed sequences and provided decision rules so teachers could use them as preliminary observation/assessment tools.