To satisfy global electrical energy requirements, photovoltaic (PV) energy is a promising source that can be obtained from the available alternative sources, but partial shading conditions (PSCs), which trap the local maxima power point... more
To satisfy global electrical energy requirements, photovoltaic (PV) energy is a promising source that can be obtained from the available alternative sources, but partial shading conditions (PSCs), which trap the local maxima power point instead of the global maxima peak power point (GMPP), are a major problem that needs to be addressed in PV systems to achieve the uninterruptable continuous power supply desired by consumers. To avoid these difficulties, a marine predator algorithm (MPA), which is a bio-inspired meta-heuristic algorithm, is applied in this work. The work is validated and executed using MATLAB/Simulink software along with hardware experimentation. The superiority of the proposed MPA method is validated using four different PSCs on the PV system, and their characteristics are compared to those of existing algorithms. The four different PSC outcomes in terms of GMPP are case 1 at 0.07 s 995.0 Watts; case 2 at 0.06 s 674.5 Watts; case 3 at 0.04 s 654.1 Watts; and case 4 ...
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The aging of PV cells reduces their electrical performance i.e., the parasitic parameters are introduced in the solar panel. The shunt resistance (RSh), series resistance (RS), photo current (IPh), diode current (Id), and diffusion... more
The aging of PV cells reduces their electrical performance i.e., the parasitic parameters are introduced in the solar panel. The shunt resistance (RSh), series resistance (RS), photo current (IPh), diode current (Id), and diffusion constant (a1) are known as parasitic or extraction parameters. Cracks and hotspots reduce the performance of PV cells and result in poor V–I characteristics. Certain tests are carried out over a long period of time to determine the quality of solar cells; for example, 1000 h of testing is comparable to 20 years of operation. The extraction of solar parameters is important for PV modules. The Tabu Search Optimization (TSO) algorithm is a robust meta-heuristic algorithm that was employed in this study for the extraction of parasitic parameters. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and a Genetic lgorithm (GA), as well as other well-known optimization methods, were used to test the proposed method’s correctness. The other approaches included the lightning search...
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In modern industrial manufacturing processes, induction motors are broadly utilized as industrial drives. Online condition monitoring and diagnosis of faults that occur inside and/or outside of the Induction Motor Drive (IMD) system make... more
In modern industrial manufacturing processes, induction motors are broadly utilized as industrial drives. Online condition monitoring and diagnosis of faults that occur inside and/or outside of the Induction Motor Drive (IMD) system make the motor highly reliable, helping to avoid unscheduled downtimes, which cause more revenue loss and disruption of production. This can be achieved only when the irregularities produced because of the faults are sensed at the moment they occur and diagnosed quickly so that suitable actions to protect the equipment can be taken. This requires intelligent control with a high-performance scheme. Hence, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based on neuro-genetic implementation with a Back Propagation Neural network (BPN) is suggested in this article to diagnose the fault more efficiently and almost instantly. It is reported that the classification of the neural network will provide the output within 2 µs although the clone procedure with microcontroll...
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India has ambitious goals to increase renewable energy penetration, and significant progress has been made since 2017. However, the Indian energy mix is highly dominated by fossil fuels. To set India on the pathway of the energy... more
India has ambitious goals to increase renewable energy penetration, and significant progress has been made since 2017. However, the Indian energy mix is highly dominated by fossil fuels. To set India on the pathway of the energy transition, a comprehensive analysis of the complex factors influencing the Indian energy sector is required. This study is put forward to delineate the current energy transition scenario in India and to direct the energy sector towards a prospective scenario for accomplishing a smooth energy transition. A hybrid quantitative-qualitative SWOT-integrated MCDA methodology is employed to accomplish the objective of this study. An extensive literature review is performed to understand and sort the various factors under each SWOT category. Fuzzy AHP methodology is utilized to convert the qualitative significance of each SWOT factor into quantitative scores, through which the crucial influencing factor in the current energy transition scenario is obtained. The top...
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Uncertainties are the most significant challenges in the smart power system, necessitating the use of precise techniques to deal with them properly. Such problems could be effectively solved using a probabilistic optimization strategy. It... more
Uncertainties are the most significant challenges in the smart power system, necessitating the use of precise techniques to deal with them properly. Such problems could be effectively solved using a probabilistic optimization strategy. It is further divided into stochastic, robust, distributionally robust, and chance-constrained optimizations. The topics of probabilistic optimization in smart power systems are covered in this review paper. In order to account for uncertainty in optimization processes, stochastic optimization is essential. Robust optimization is the most advanced approach to optimize a system under uncertainty, in which a deterministic, set-based uncertainty model is used instead of a stochastic one. The computational complexity of stochastic programming and the conservativeness of robust optimization are both reduced by distributionally robust optimization.Chance constrained algorithms help in solving the constraints optimization problems, where finite probability g...
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In order to formulate the long-term and short-term development plans to meet the energy needs, there is a great demand for accurate energy forecasting. Energy autonomy helps to decompose a large-scale grid control into a small sized... more
In order to formulate the long-term and short-term development plans to meet the energy needs, there is a great demand for accurate energy forecasting. Energy autonomy helps to decompose a large-scale grid control into a small sized decisions to attain robustness and scalability through energy independence level of a country. Most of the existing energy demand forecasting models predict the amount of energy at a regional or national scale and failed to forecast the demand for power generation for small-scale decentralized energy systems, like micro grids, buildings, and energy communities. A novel model called Sailfish Whale Optimization-based Deep Long Short- Term memory (SWO-based Deep LSTM) to forecast electricity demand in the distribution systems is proposed. The proposed SWO is designed by integrating the Sailfish Optimizer (SO) with the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). The Hilbert-Schmidt Independence Criterion (HSIC) is applied on the dataset, which is collected from the ...
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Demand Side Management (DSM) is an effective tool for utilities through reducing the demand of peak load and controlling the utilization of the energy of the system. The implementation of DSM provides benefits for utilities and is... more
Demand Side Management (DSM) is an effective tool for utilities through reducing the demand of peak load and controlling the utilization of the energy of the system. The implementation of DSM provides benefits for utilities and is profitable for the customers who are involved in this process. DSM based on a load shifting strategy is proposed in this paper by employing various devices to minimize the energy consumption pattern in the system. The proposed hybrid strategy is the joint implementation of the Wingsuit Flying Search Algorithm (WFSA) and Artificial Cell Swarm Optimization (ACSO). The searching behavior of WFSA is enhanced by ACSO. Hence, it is named the WFS2ACSO technique. The implementation of this load shifting technique was carried out on three different types of loads, these being residential loads, commercial loads, and industrial loads. Two case studies, over summer and winter, were validated to check the feasibility of the test system. The proposed method aimed to ac...
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The paper proposes a novel hybrid feature selection (FS) method for day-ahead electricity price forecasting. The work presents a novel hybrid FS algorithm for obtaining optimal feature set to gain optimal forecast accuracy. The... more
The paper proposes a novel hybrid feature selection (FS) method for day-ahead electricity price forecasting. The work presents a novel hybrid FS algorithm for obtaining optimal feature set to gain optimal forecast accuracy. The performance of the proposed forecaster is compared with forecasters based on classification tree and regression tree. A hybrid FS method based on the elitist genetic algorithm (GA) and a tree-based method is applied for FS. Making use of selected features, aperformance test of the forecaster was carried out to establish the usefulness of the proposed approach. By way of analyzing and forecasts for day-ahead electricity prices in the Australian electricity markets, the proposed approach is evaluated and it has been established that, with the selected feature, the proposed forecaster consistently outperforms the forecaster with a larger feature set. The proposed method is simulated in MATLAB and WEKA software.
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This paper proposes a hybrid control scheme for a newly devised hybrid multilevel inverter (HMLI) topology. The circuit configuration of HMLI is comprised of a cascaded converter module (CCM), connected in series with an H-bridge... more
This paper proposes a hybrid control scheme for a newly devised hybrid multilevel inverter (HMLI) topology. The circuit configuration of HMLI is comprised of a cascaded converter module (CCM), connected in series with an H-bridge converter. Initially, a finite set model predictive control (FS-MPC) is adopted as a control scheme, and theoretical analysis is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink. Later, in the real-time implementation of the HMLI topology, a hybrid control scheme which is a variant of the FS-MPC method has been proposed. The proposed control method is computationally efficient and therefore has been employed to the HMLI topology to mitigate the high-frequency switching limitation of the conventional MPC. Moreover, a comparative analysis is carried to illustrate the advantages of the proposed work that includes low switching losses, higher efficiency, and improved total harmonic distortion (THD) in output current. The inverter topology and stability of the proposed control me...
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Energy safe is mandatory for all isolated IoT tools, such as in long way roads, mountains, or even in smart cities. If increasing the lifetime of these tools, the rentability of the global network loop becomes more efficient. Therefore,... more
Energy safe is mandatory for all isolated IoT tools, such as in long way roads, mountains, or even in smart cities. If increasing the lifetime of these tools, the rentability of the global network loop becomes more efficient. Therefore, this paper presents a new approach for saving energy inside the source nodes by supervising the state of energy inside each source node and calculating the duty cycle factor. The relationship between these parameters is based on an optimization problem formulation. In this respect, the present paper is designed to propose a new approach that deals with increasing the lifetime of the wireless sensor network (WSN)-attached nodes, as fixed in the application. The newly devised design is based on implementing the IEEE 802.15.4 standard beacon-enabled mode, involving a cluster tree topology. Accordingly, every subgroup is allotted to apply a specifically different duty cycle, depending on the battery’s remaining energy level, which contributes to creating...
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The analysis and the assessment of interconnected photovoltaic (PV) modules under different shading conditions and various shading patterns are presented in this paper. The partial shading conditions (PSCs) due to the various factors... more
The analysis and the assessment of interconnected photovoltaic (PV) modules under different shading conditions and various shading patterns are presented in this paper. The partial shading conditions (PSCs) due to the various factors reduce the power output of PV arrays, and its characteristics have multiple peaks due to the mismatching losses between PV panels. The principal objective of this paper is to model, analyze, simulate and evaluate the performance of PV array topologies such as series-parallel (SP), honey-comb (HC), total-cross-tied (TCT), ladder (LD) and bridge-linked (BL) under different shading patterns to produce the maximum power by reducing the mismatching losses (MLs). Along with the conventional PV array topologies, this paper also discusses the hybrid PV array topologies such as bridge-linked honey-comb (BLHC), bridge-linked total-cross-tied (BLTCT) and series-parallel total-cross-tied (SPTCT). The performance analysis of the traditional PV array topologies along...
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Infrared Thermography has been used as a tool for predictive and preventive maintenance of Photovoltaic panels. International Electrotechnical Commission provides some guidelines for using thermography to detect defects in Photovoltaic... more
Infrared Thermography has been used as a tool for predictive and preventive maintenance of Photovoltaic panels. International Electrotechnical Commission provides some guidelines for using thermography to detect defects in Photovoltaic panels. However, the proposed guidelines focus only on the location of the hot spot than diagnosing the types of faults. The long-term reliability and efficiency of panels can be affected by progressive defects such as discolouring and delamination. This paper proposed the new Thermal Pixel Counting algorithm to detect the above faults based on three thermal profile index values. The real-time experimental testing was carried out using FLIR T420bx® thermal imager and results have been provided to validate the proposed method. In this work, the fuzzy rule-based classification system is proposed to automate the classification process. Fuzzy reasoning method based on a single winner rule fuzzy classifier is designed with modified rule weights by particul...
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Wind energy is one of the supremely renewable energy sources and has been widely established worldwide. Due to strong seasonal variations in the wind resource, accurate predictions of wind resource assessment and appropriate wind speed... more
Wind energy is one of the supremely renewable energy sources and has been widely established worldwide. Due to strong seasonal variations in the wind resource, accurate predictions of wind resource assessment and appropriate wind speed distribution models (for any location) are the significant facets for planning and commissioning wind farms. In this work, the wind characteristics and wind potential assessment of onshore, offshore, and nearshore locations of India—particularly Kayathar in Tamilnadu, the Gulf of Khambhat, and Jafrabad in Gujarat—are statistically analyzed with wind distribution methods. Further, the resource assessments are carried out using Weibull, Rayleigh, gamma, Nakagami, generalized extreme value (GEV), lognormal, inverse Gaussian, Rician, Birnbaum–Sandras, and Bimodal–Weibull distribution methods. Additionally, the advent of artificial intelligence and soft computing techniques with the moth flame optimization (MFO) method leads to superior results in solving ...
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This paper presents different multi-carrier unipolar trapezoidal pulse width modulation strategies for a reduced switch asymmetrical multilevel inverter. The different strategies are phase disposition, alternative phase opposition and... more
This paper presents different multi-carrier unipolar trapezoidal pulse width modulation strategies for a reduced switch asymmetrical multilevel inverter. The different strategies are phase disposition, alternative phase opposition and disposition, and carrier overlapping and variable frequency that involve triangular waves as carriers with a unipolar trapezoidal wave as a reference. The reduced switch, asymmetrical multilevel inverter operation was examined for generating the seven-level output voltage using Matlab/Simulink 2009b and the results were verified with a real-time laboratory-based experimental setup using a field-programmable gate array. Different parameter analyses, such as total harmonic distortion, fundamental root mean square voltage, and distortion factor, were analyzed with different modulation indices to investigate the performance of the selected topology. Unipolar trapezoidal pulse width modulation provides a higher root mean square voltage value.
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The There are many factors influencing the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems. Among these factors, temperature and solar radiation are two major parameters that have a large effect on the efficiency of PV systems. The cell... more
The There are many factors influencing the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems. Among these factors, temperature and solar radiation are two major parameters that have a large effect on the efficiency of PV systems. The cell temperature of PV panels is related to the ambient temperature while the solar radiation incident on the surface of the PV modules depends on the slope and azimuth of these modules. Furthermore, ground reflectance (albedo) affects the irradiance incident on the PV panel surface, which in turn affects the output of a PV system. Nevertheless, the effects of these factors on the economic performance of the solar PV systems are scarcely reported. This paper presents a complete design of a stand-alone PV/battery system to supply electric power for a mobile base station in Choman, Erbil, Iraq. The effects of different factors on the total electricity produced by PV arrays and its economic performance are simultaneously investigated. HOMER software has been used a...
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Distribution systems can form islands when faults occur. Each island represents a subsection with variable boundaries subject to the location of a fault(s) in the system. A subsection with variable boundaries is referred to as island in... more
Distribution systems can form islands when faults occur. Each island represents a subsection with variable boundaries subject to the location of a fault(s) in the system. A subsection with variable boundaries is referred to as island in this paper. For operation in autonomous mode, it is imperative to detect the island configurations and stabilize these subsections. This paper presents a novel scheme for the detection of islanding boundaries and stabilizing the system during autonomous operation. In the first stage, a boundary detection method is proposed to detect the configuration of the island. In the second stage a dynamic voltage sensitivity factor (DVSF) is proposed to assess the dynamic performance of the system. In the third stage, a wide area load shedding program is adopted based on DVSF to shed the load in weak busbars and stabilize the system. The proposed scheme is validated and tested on a generic 18-bus system using a combination of EMTDC/PSCAD and MATLAB softwares.
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The increasing amount of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) components into distribution networks involves the development of accurate simulation models that take into account an increasing number of factors that influence the output... more
The increasing amount of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) components into distribution networks involves the development of accurate simulation models that take into account an increasing number of factors that influence the output power from the Distributed Generators (DG) systems. The modeling of DER components in power systems and the relative control architecture are an important part for the introduction of relevant quantity of renewable energy in the future smart grid. Therefore it is a strong necessity to have proper validated models to help operators to perform better studies and to be more confident with the results. This paper presents two simulation models developed and implemented in MATLAB/Simulink and DIgSILENT Power Factory of a PV system using the single-diode four-parameter model based on data sheet values. The component models were implemented first in MATLAB/Simulink and the simulation results have been compared with the data sheet values and with the characteri...
In solar photovoltaic (PV) system-based Brushless DC (BLDC) motors for water pumping application, the role of DC/DC converters is very important. In order to extract the maximum power from the PV array, an efficient DC/DC converter is... more
In solar photovoltaic (PV) system-based Brushless DC (BLDC) motors for water pumping application, the role of DC/DC converters is very important. In order to extract the maximum power from the PV array, an efficient DC/DC converter is essential at the intermediate stage. In this work, different DC/DC converter topologies suitable for BLDC motors are proposed. The converters are supported by an optimized maximum power point tracking system to provide a reliable operation. Recent optimization algorithms such as fuzzy logic, perturb and observe, grey wolf, and whale optimization are implemented with the PI controller in maximum power point tracking to maximize the conversion efficiency. The obtained results using SEPIC, LUO, and interleaved LUO converters provide a comparative study in the case of converter output, motor parameters, and grid output. The performance analysis on three different converters and multiple optimization methods are carried out. By analyzing the performance of ...
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Soaring energy demand and the establishment of various trends in the energy market have paved the way for developing demand-side management (DSM) from the consumer side. This paper proposes a reinforced DSM (RDSM) approach that uses an... more
Soaring energy demand and the establishment of various trends in the energy market have paved the way for developing demand-side management (DSM) from the consumer side. This paper proposes a reinforced DSM (RDSM) approach that uses an enhanced binary gray wolf optimization algorithm (EBGWO) that benefits the consumer premises with load scheduling, and peak demand reduction. To date, DSM research has been carried out for residential, commercial and industrial loads, whereas DSM approaches for educational loads have been less studied. The institution load also consumes much utility energy during peak hours, making institutional consumers pay a high amount of cost for energy consumption during peak hours. The proposed objective is to reduce the total electricity cost and to improve the operating efficiency of the entire load profile at an educational institution. The proposed architecture integrates the solar PV (SPV) generation that supplies the user-comfort loads during peak operati...
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Transformer-less (TL) inverter topologies have elicited further special treatment in photo-voltaic (PV) power system as they provide high efficiency and low cost. Neutral point clamped (NPC) multilevel-inverter (MLI) topologies-based... more
Transformer-less (TL) inverter topologies have elicited further special treatment in photo-voltaic (PV) power system as they provide high efficiency and low cost. Neutral point clamped (NPC) multilevel-inverter (MLI) topologies-based transformer-less are being immensely used in grid-connected medium-voltage high-power claims. Unfortunately, these topologies such as NPC-MLI, full-bridge inverter with DC bypass (FB-DCBP) suffer from the shoot-through problem on the bridge legs, which affect the reliability of the implementation. Based on the previous above credits, a T type neutral point clamped (TNP)—MLI (TNP-MLI) with transformer-less topology called TL-TNP-MLI is presented to be an alternate which can be suitable in the grid-connected PV power generation systems. The suggested TL-TNP-MLI topologies free from inverter bridge legs shoot-through burden, switching frequency common-mode current (CMC), and leakage current. The control system of the grid interface with hysteresis current ...
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The increase in energy-efficient DC appliances and electronic gadgets has led to an upheaval in the usage of AC–DC power convertors; hence, power loss in converter devices is cumulatively increasing. Evolving microgrid technology has also... more
The increase in energy-efficient DC appliances and electronic gadgets has led to an upheaval in the usage of AC–DC power convertors; hence, power loss in converter devices is cumulatively increasing. Evolving microgrid technology has also become deeply integrated with the conversion process due to increased power converters in its infrastructure, significantly worsening the power loss situation. One of the practical solutions to this disturbance is to reduce conversion losses in domestic distribution systems through the optimal deployment of the battery storage system and solar PV power using microgrid technology. In this paper, a novel energy management system is developed that uses a new control algorithm, termed Inefficient Power Conversion Elimination Algorithm (IPCEA). The proposed algorithm compares the Net Transferable Power (NTP) available on the DC side with the loss rate across the converter. The converter is switched off (or disconnected from the grid and load) if the NTP...
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In this paper, the performance of a variable speed wind turbine concept with induction generator connected to the grid is investigated. Variable-speed wind turbine generator system has been modelled and simulated to study its steady state... more
In this paper, the performance of a variable speed wind turbine concept with induction generator connected to the grid is investigated. Variable-speed wind turbine generator system has been modelled and simulated to study its steady state and dynamic behaviour. A doubly fed induction generator of 11 kW fed by a vector controlled back-to-back PWM-VSI inverter on the rotor side has been tested and the results compared with digital simulations. It is shown by both modelling and laboratory tests that a doubly fed induction machine can be used as a variable speed wind generator over a large speed range (±40 %).
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A modified Topology to acquire high efficiency of a bidirectional method of DC–DC converter of non-isolated approach is proposed. The modified circuit involves four numbers of switches with their body diodes, passive elements as two... more
A modified Topology to acquire high efficiency of a bidirectional method of DC–DC converter of non-isolated approach is proposed. The modified circuit involves four numbers of switches with their body diodes, passive elements as two inductors as well as a capacitor and the circuit arrangements double boost converters to progress the voltage gain. The input current of the proposed topology divided amongst the two dissimilar values of inductors produces greater efficiency. In the step-down mode, an apparent lessening in voltage gain and also enhanced efficiency can be realized in the recommended system by expending a synchronous rectification. The modified topology shields the technique for presentation of easy control configurations and is used for truncated output voltage with a large current of energy storage systems in the renewable applications as well as hybrid energy source electric vehicle applications. The simulation of the projected structure has been conducted through MATLA...
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The restructuring of power systems and the ever-increasing demand for electricity have given rise to congestion in power networks. The use of distributed generators (DGs) may play a significant role in tackling such issues. DGs may be... more
The restructuring of power systems and the ever-increasing demand for electricity have given rise to congestion in power networks. The use of distributed generators (DGs) may play a significant role in tackling such issues. DGs may be integrated with electrical power networks to regulate the drift of power in the transmission lines, thereby increasing the power transfer capabilities of lines and improving the overall performance of electrical networks. In this article, an effective method based on the Harris hawks optimization (HHO) algorithm is used to select the optimum capacity, number, and site of solar-based DGs to reduce real power losses and voltage deviation. The proposed HHO has been tested with a complex benchmark function then applied to the IEEE 33 and IEEE 69 bus radial distribution systems. The single and multiple solar-based DGs are optimized for the optimum size and site with a unity power factor. It is observed that the overall performance of the systems is enhanced...
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The AC and DC power system structures need to be modernized to meet consumer demands. DC microgrids are suitably admired due to their high efficiency, consistency, reliability, and load sharing performance, when interconnected to DC... more
The AC and DC power system structures need to be modernized to meet consumer demands. DC microgrids are suitably admired due to their high efficiency, consistency, reliability, and load sharing performance, when interconnected to DC renewable and storage sources. The main control objective for any DC microgrid is providing proper load–power balancing based on the Distributed Generator (DG) sources. Due to the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, batteries play an important role in load–power balancing in a DC microgrid. The existing energy management strategy may be able to meet the load demand. However, that technique is not suitable forrural communities’ power system structure. This research offers an energy management strategy (EMS) for a DC microgrid to supply power to rural communities with solar, wind, fuel cell, and batteries as input sources. The proposed EMS performs the load–power balancing between each source (renewable and storage) in a DC microgrid for dynam...
The proposed special issue (SI) has invited submissions related to renewable energy, energy storage, power converters and electric drive systems for electrified transportation and smart grid applications [...]
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Deployment of rooftop solar Photovoltaic technology in domestic premises plays a significant role in accomplishing renewable energy transformation. The majority of domestic consumers still do not have a positive perception about adopting... more
Deployment of rooftop solar Photovoltaic technology in domestic premises plays a significant role in accomplishing renewable energy transformation. The majority of domestic consumers still do not have a positive perception about adopting rooftop solar PV technology, due to its high capital cost and prolonged payback period. In this aspect, the proposed work identifies the factors causing energy deprivation in the present distribution and utilization system. To explicitly express the importance of the present work, an extensive case study based on an Indian scenario has been carried out to investigate where the losses occur in the existing distribution system and how the solar power and its storage system have been ineffectively utilized. The deep investigation has thrown light on several issues that lead to the performance deterioration of PV technology. Finally, in this work, a scheme to incorporate hybrid microgrid technology in the domestic distribution network has been proposed ...
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In the current era, the desire for high boost DC-to-DC converter development has increased. Notably, there has been voltage gain improvement without adding extra power switches, and a large number of passive components have advanced.... more
In the current era, the desire for high boost DC-to-DC converter development has increased. Notably, there has been voltage gain improvement without adding extra power switches, and a large number of passive components have advanced. Magnetically coupled isolated converters are suggested for the higher voltage gain. These converters use large size inductors, and thus the non-isolated traditional boost, Cuk and Sepic converters are modified to increase their gain by adding an extra switch, inductors and capacitors. These converters increase circuit complexity and become bulky. In this paper, we present a hybrid high voltage gain non-isolated single switch converter for photovoltaic applications. The proposed converter connects the standard conventional Cuk and boost converter in parallel for providing continuous current mode operation with the help of a single power switch, which gives less voltage stress on controlled switch and diodes. The proposed hybrid topology uses a single swi...
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Currently, most of the vehicles make use of fossil fuels for operations, resulting in one of the largest sources of carbon dioxide emissions. The need to cut our dependency on these fossil fuels has led to an increased use of renewable... more
Currently, most of the vehicles make use of fossil fuels for operations, resulting in one of the largest sources of carbon dioxide emissions. The need to cut our dependency on these fossil fuels has led to an increased use of renewable energy sources (RESs) for mobility purposes. A technical and economic analysis of a one-stop charging station for battery electric vehicles (BEV) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) is investigated in this paper. The hybrid optimization model for electric renewables (HOMER) software and the heavy-duty refueling station analysis model (HDRSAM) are used to conduct the case study for a one-stop charging station at Technical University of Denmark (DTU)-Risø campus. Using HOMER, a total of 42 charging station scenarios are analyzed by considering two systems (a grid-connected system and an off-grid connected system). For each system three different charging station designs (design A-hydrogen load; design B-an electrical load, and design C-an integrated ...
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This editorial manuscript reviews the papers accepted for publication in the Special Issue “DC & Hybrid Microgrids” of Applied Sciences. This Special Issue, co-organized by the University of Pisa, Italy and Østfold University College in... more
This editorial manuscript reviews the papers accepted for publication in the Special Issue “DC & Hybrid Microgrids” of Applied Sciences. This Special Issue, co-organized by the University of Pisa, Italy and Østfold University College in Norway, has collected nine papers from 25 submitted, with authors from Asia, North America and Europe. The published articles provide an overview of the most recent research advances in direct current (DC) and hybrid microgrids, exploiting the opportunities offered by the use of renewable energy sources, battery energy storage systems, power converters, innovative control and energy management strategies.
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The quasi-impedance source inverters/quasi-Z source inverters (Q-ZSIs) have shown improvement to overwhelmed shortcomings of regular voltage-source inverters (VSIs) and current-source inverters (CSIs) in terms of efficiency and buck-boost... more
The quasi-impedance source inverters/quasi-Z source inverters (Q-ZSIs) have shown improvement to overwhelmed shortcomings of regular voltage-source inverters (VSIs) and current-source inverters (CSIs) in terms of efficiency and buck-boost type operations. The Q-ZSIs encapsulated several significant merits against conventional ZSIs, i.e., realized buck/boost, inversion and power conditioning in a single power stage with improved reliability. The conventional inverters have two major problems; voltage harmonics and boosting capability, which make it impossible to prefer for renewable generation and general-purpose applications such as drive acceleration. This work has proposed a Q-ZSI with five-level six switches coupled inverter. The proposed Q-ZSI has the merits of operation, reduced passive components, higher voltage boosting capability and high efficiency. The modified space vector pulse width modulation (PWM) developed to achieve the desired control on the impedance network and i...
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This paper analyzes trends in renewable-energy-sources (RES), power converters, and control strategies, as well as battery energy storage and the relevant issues in battery charging and monitoring, with reference to a new and improved... more
This paper analyzes trends in renewable-energy-sources (RES), power converters, and control strategies, as well as battery energy storage and the relevant issues in battery charging and monitoring, with reference to a new and improved energy grid. An alternative micro-grid architecture that overcomes the lack of flexibility of the classic energy grid is then described. By mixing DC and AC sources, the hybrid micro-grid proposes an alternative architecture where the use of bi-directional electric vehicle chargers creates a micro-grid that directly interconnects all the partner nodes with bi-directional energy flows. The micro-grid nodes are the main grid, the RES and the energy storage systems, both, on-board the vehicle and inside the micro-grid structure. This model is further sustained by the new products emerging in the market, since new solar inverters are appearing, where a local energy storage for the RES is available. Therefore, the power flow from/towards the RES becomes bi-...