Jure Volčjak

V obsežnejšem članku, ki bo razdeljen na tri dele, bodo predstavljene cerkve goriške nadškofije na Kranjskem, ki so omenjene v vizitacijskih zapisnikih prvega goriškega nadškofa Karla Mihaela grofa Attemsa (1752–1774). V prvem delu prikazujemo cerkve arhidiakonata kartuzije Bistre, gorenjskega arhidiakonata in arhidiakonata nemškega viteškega reda v Beli krajini. Na začetku članka so prikazani patrociniji oziroma titulature oltarjev na osnovi liturgične hierarhije, sledi predstavitev posameznih cerkva po začrtani strukturi.

Drawing on the visitation minutes of the first Archbishop of Gorizia, Karl Michael von Attems, the author of the article aims to present the ecclesiastical conditions in the Lower Savinja Valley during the second half of the eighteenth century. Apart from the archbishop, visitations were also conducted by his various substitutes (delegates), the Celje city parish priest and Archdeacon Dr. Martin Sumpichler, as well as Rudolf Joseph von Edling, Auxiliary Bishop of Gorizia. The visitations were carried out with a view to assessing the ecclesiastical conditions across parishes, visiting numerous castle chapels and poorhouses, consecrating churches, granting various levels of clerical ordinations to both diocesan and monastic candidates for the priesthood, as well as settling various administrative affairs.

Drawing on archival sources, the contribution seeks to shed more light on the appointments of later-to-become Bishop Matevž Ravnikar (1830–1845) to important ecclesiastic offices – as the Cathedral Canon of the Lamberg canonry in Ljubljana, gubernial councillor in Trieste, and the first Bishop of Trieste–Koper. It also felt pertinent to present Ravnikar’s episcopal coat of arms, which has so far not been given any special treatment.

Članek je razdeljen na tri dele. V prvem delu je mogoče najti nekaj osnovnih informacij o razvoju oglejske mreže arhidiakonatov na Kranjskem, sledi pa mu prikaz razmer v gorenjskem arhidiakonatu v začetku 18. stoletja. Tretji, osrednji del članka poskuša opisati razmere v župniji Tržič, kot jih je leta 1704 v vizitacijskem poročilu oglejskemu patriarhu Dioniziju Delfinu (1699–1734) po končani vizitaciji gorenjskega arhidiakonata podal apostolski protonotar, mengeški župnik in arhidiakon dr. Janez Andrej pl. Flachenfeld (1677–1733). Dragoceno poročilo, ki ga hranijo v videmskem nadškofijskem arhivu, ponuja zanimivo branje o razmerah v gorenjskih župnijah in samostanih na začetku prelomnega 18. stoletja.

The author of the article tries to present developments in the pre-Josephine parish of Ribnica in year 1753, when the Archbishop of Gorizia Karl Michael Count Attems visited the parish of Ribnica and established a vicariate in Sodražica upon the request of the believers. The strained relations (and opposition) among the vicariate founder, the holder of presentation rights Count Cobenzl and the priest of the parish of Ribnica are shown through visitation reports of both Archbishops of Gorizia (Karl Michael Count Attems and Rudolph Joseph Count Edling), through preserved documents of the central provincial authorities with the seat in Ljubljana and through documents of the Archdiocesan curia in Gorizia. After the establishment of the vicariate objections were heard from the civil authorities, because the Archbishop allegedly violated the rights of the patronage rights holder in the provincial parish of Ribnica. Furthermore, the objections related to the amount of parochial frees in the vicariate of Sodražica. The dispute was resolved as early as 1755 with the issue of a new founding document and the promise of the Archbishop that in the future he would be more careful in observing the laws and rights of individual holders of presentation rights. Avtor članka poskuša prikazati dogajanje v predjožefinski župniji Ribnica leta 1753, ko je goriški nadškof Karel Mihael grof Attems ob vizitaciji župnije Ribnica prisluhnil prošnji vernikov in v Sodražici ustanovil župnijski vikariat. Zapletene odnose (tudi nasprotovanja) med ustanoviteljem vikariata, imetnikom prezentacijske pravice grofom Cobenzlom in ribniškim župnikom prikaže skozi vizitacijska poročila obeh goriških nadškofov (Karla Mihaela grofa Attemsa in Rudolfa Jožefa grofa Edlinga) ter ohranjenih dokumentov osrednjih deželnih organov s sedežem v Ljubljani in dokumentov nadškofijske kurije v Gorici. Po ustanovitvi vikariata je prišlo do ugovorov s strani civilne oblasti, ker naj bi nadškof kršil pravice imetnika patronatne pravice v deželnoknežji župniji Ribnica, pritožbe pa so se nanašale tudi na višino štolnine v sodraškem vikariatu. Spor se je polegel že leta 1755 z izstavitvijo nove ustanovne listine in obljubo nadškofa, da bo v prihodnje bolj pazljiv pri upoštevanju zakonov in pravic posameznih imetnikov prezentacijskih pravic. V nadaljevanju prispevka je prikazano življenje novega sodraškega vikariata do poznih osemdesetih let 18. stoletja, konec članka pa dopolnjujejo biogrami duhovnikov, ki so na ozemlju župnijskega vikariata Sodražica delovali od ustanovitve do poznih osemdesetih let 18. stoletja. 
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The article proceeds with illustration of the life of the newly founded vicariate of Sodražica until the late 1780s. The end of the article is supplemented by biographies of the priests who were active in the vicariate of Sodražica from the foundation until the late 1780s.

V obsežnejšem članku, ki bo razdeljen na tri dele, bodo predstavljene cerkve goriške nadškofije na Kranjskem, ki so omenjene v vizitacijskih zapisnikih prvega goriškega nadškofa Karla Mihaela grofa Attemsa (1752–1774). V prvem delu prikazujemo cerkve arhidiakonata kartuzije Bistre, gorenjskega arhidiakonata in arhidiakonata nemškega viteškega reda v Beli krajini. Na začetku članka so prikazani patrociniji oziroma titulature oltarjev na osnovi liturgične hierarhije, sledi predstavitev posameznih cerkva po začrtani strukturi.

The Churches of the Archdiocese of Gorizia in Carniola in the Time of Archbishop Karl Michael von Attems.
Part 1: The Archdeaconry of Bistra, Upper Carniola (Gorenjska) and Metlika
The churches of the Archdiocese of Gorizia in Carniola, mentioned in the visitation records of the first archbishop of Gorizia, Karl Michael von Attems (1752–1774), will be presented in an extensive article, which will be divided into three parts. The churches that stood in the archdeaconry of the Bistra Carthusian monastery, the archdeaconry of Upper Carniola, and the archdeaconry of the German Teutonic Order in Bela krajina will be presented in Part 1. The patrocinia or the titulature of the altars are presented at the beginning of the article based on liturgical hierarchy, followed by introductions of individual churches according to the outlined structure.

Sosedstvo med dvema zemljiškima gospostvoma nujno privede tudi do oblikovanja medsebojnih stikov, pa naj si bo dobrih ali slabih. V prispevku spoznamo nekaj povezav med samostanom dominikank v Velesovem in rodbino Strmolskih, ki jih razberemo iz ohranjenih arhivskih virov. Kljub zgodnjemu izumrtju rodbine pa lahko ugotovimo, da so bili medsebojni stiki pogosti in pomembni za lokalno zgodovino.

Bela krajina je pod goriško nadškofijo v cerkveno-upravnem pogledu predstavljala zaključeno celoto. Vseh pet župnij je spadalo pod jurisdikcijo nemškega viteškega reda s sedežem v Metliki, goriški nadškof je nad njimi imel škofovsko. V času škofovanja nadškofa Attemsa so bile belokranjske župnije vizitirane trikrat. Poročila teh vizitacij so se na srečo ohranila v Nadškofijskem arhivu v italijanski Gorici. Njihova vsebina je slovenski javnosti praktično neznana, zato s tem prispevkom želimo prikazati cerkveno življenje v Beli krajini med letoma 1753 in 1771.

Prispevek poskuša na podlagi vizitacijskih zapisnikov prvega goriškega nadškofa Karla Mihaela grofa Attemsa prikazati cerkvene razmere v Spodnjesavinjski dolini v drugi polovici 18. stoletja. Poleg njega so vizitacije opravljali še različni namestniki, npr. celjski mestni župnik in arhidiakon dr. Martin Sumpichler ter goriški pomožni škof Ru dolf Jožef grof Edling. Ob tej priložnosti so bile pregledane cerkvene razmere po župnijah, obiskane so bile številne grajske kapele in špitali, posvečena je bila vrsta cerkva, podeljene so bile različne stopnje kleriških redov (nižjih in višjih) tako škofijskim kot tudi redovnim kandidatom za duhovniški poklic, urejale pa so se tudi različne administra tivne zadeve.
LOWER SAVINJA VALLEY IN VISITATION MINUTES OF ARCHBISHOP OF GORIZIA KARL MICHAEL VON ATTEMS Drawing on the visitation minutes of the first Archbishop of Gorizia, Karl Michael von Attems, the author of the article aims to present the ecclesiastical conditions in the Lower Savinja Valley during the second half of the eighteenth century. Apart from the archbishop, visitations were also conducted by his various substitutes (delegates), the Celje city parish priest and Archdeacon Dr. Martin Sumpichler, as well as Rudolf Joseph von Edling, Auxiliary Bishop of Gorizia. The visitations were carried out with a view to assessing the ecclesiastical conditions across parishes, visiting numerous castle chapels and poorhouses, consecrating churches, granting various levels of clerical ordinations to both diocesan and monastic candidates for the priesthood, as well as settling various administrative affairs.

Komtur nemškega viteškega reda oziroma metliški prošt v njegovem imenu na »svojem« teritoriju pri podeljevanju cerkvenih služb nista imela ovir, zato so bili skoraj vsi duhovniki v metliškem okraju oz. komisariatu, v katerega je cerkvenoupravno spadala Bela krajina, člani nemškega viteškega reda. Prispevek poskuša ponovno odkriti že zdavnaj pozabljene življenjske poti belokranjskih duhovnikov, delujočih v času prvega goriškega nadškofa Karla Mihaela Attemsa. Članek je brati kot dopolnilo in v nekaterih pogledih nadgradnjo članka Bela krajina v vizitacijskih zapisnikih goriškega nadškofa Karla Mihaela Attemsa (1752–1774) v pričujoči številki Kronike. Pri sestavi biogramov so nam bili v pomoč vizitacijski zapisniki, ki se hranijo v Nadškofijskem arhivu v italijanski Gorici, ordinacijski zapisniki iz videmskega in goriškega nadškofijskega arhiva, številne matične knjige iz ljubljanskega nadškofijskega arhiva ter tudi nekateri objavljeni arhivski viri.

Življenje in delo lavantinskih škofov Jakoba Maksimilijana Stepišnika in Mihaela Napotnika je sorazmerno dobro raziskano, v novejšem času sta jima bila posvečena tudi posebna simpozija, ki sta se odvila v slovenskem papeškem zavodu Slovenik v Rimu. Med razpravami, ki so bile objavljene po simpoziju, smo pogrešili prispevke, ki bi se dotaknili njunih škofovskih grbov. V članku smo tako na podlagi novoodkritega gradiva v Avstrijskem državnem arhivu z besedo in sliko predstavili oba zelo zanimiva škofovska grba, med drugim pa smo opozorili tudi na nekaj novih dejstev o podelitvi škofovskega grba ljubljanskega škofa Antona Bonaventure Jegliča, ki nam leta 2007 niso bila poznana. Prispevek vključuje tudi omembo novoodkritega dokumenta, ki je ljubljanskemu škofu Tomažu Hrenu in naslednikom leta 1604 dovolil pravico uporabe predikata: »častivredni knez, dragi pobožni«.

The life and work of the Lavantine bishops Jakob Maksimilijan Stepišnik and Mihael Napotnik has been relatively well researched and recently there have been special symposiums devoted to them that were held in the Slove¬nian Pontificial Institute Slovenik in Rome. Among the dissertations published subsequently, articles were missed that would touch upon their episcopal coats-of-arms. Thus, on the basis of newly-discovered material from the Austrian na¬tional archives, this article presents in words and pictures both very interest¬ing episcopal coats-of-arms and also draws attention to some new facts about the presentation of the episcopal coat-of-arms of the Ljubljana bishop Anton Bonaventura Jeglič we were not familiar with in 2007. The article also mentions a newly-discovered document which in 1604 granted Bishop Tomaž Hren and his successors the right to use the predicate »the venerable prince, dear pious«.

Članek prikazuje življenje Stanka Jegliča, duhovnika ljubljanske (nad)škofije, njegovo trpljenje in preganjanje po koncu druge svetovne vojne, ki je množično prizadelo duhovščino po spremembi režima. Duhovščina je bila namreč trn v peti novi totalitarni oblasti, ki se je po koncu druge svetovne vojne na vso moč trudila preoblikovati mišljenje Slovencev po vzoru Sovjetske zveze.

The article presents the life of Stanko Jeglič, a priest of the Ljubljana (Arch) Diocese, his suffering and persecution after World War II. This greatly affected the clergy after the change in the regime because the clergy was a thorn in the side of the new totalitarian power, which did its best to transform the thinking of Slovenes after the war according to the example of the Soviet Union.

Zgodovina preddvorskega šolstva je bila prvič podrobneje predstavljena leta 2005, leto po dograditvi in obnovi obstoječe Osnovne šole Matije Valjavca. V članku so bili podrobneje predstavljeni začetki šolstva v Preddvoru vse do konca 1. sv. vojne, gradnja šolskega poslopja, povečanje šole od enorazrednice do trirazrednice, na kratko pa tudi preddvorski učitelji. V pričujočem članku povzemamo ugotovitve izpred 12 let in ga nadgrajujemo z novimi odkritji vse do leta 1955.

The history of education in Preddvor was first presented in detail in 2005, one year after the completion and renovation of the existing Matija Valjavec Primary School. The article detailed the beginnings of education in Preddvor until the end of World War I, the construction of the school building, the expansion of the school from one grade to three grades
and included a short description of teachers in Preddvor. This article summarizes the findings from 12 years ago and builds on it with new findings up to 1955.

Pregled predjožefinskih bratovščin na ozemlju goriške nadškofije na Kranjskem

Pregled predjožefinskih bratovščin na ozemlju goriške nadškofije na Kranjskem je nastal na podlagi vizitacijskih zapisnikov prvega goriškega nadškofa Karla Mihaela grofa Attemsa. Seznam zaradi različnih vzrokov ni popoln, je pa koristno dopolnilo dosedanjim objavam in poznavanju bratovščin na Kranjskem v okviru goriške nadškofije, saj sta obravnavana problematika in obdobje še vedno premalo poznana. Pričujoči seznam bo vsekakor olajšal nadaljnje delo raziskovalcem različnih strok, med drugim tudi umetnostnim zgodovinarjem. Bratovščine so predstavljene na podlagi liturgične hierarhije patrocinijev, za boljši pregled pa je dodan še seznam bratovščin po današnjih župnijah.

Ključne besede: bratovščine, Kranjska, Karel Mihael grof Attems, goriška nadškofija, vizitacije


The Register of Pre-Josephinian Confraternities in Carniola in the Territory of Gorizia Archdiocese

The Register of Pre-Josephinian Confraternities that were active in the Gorizia archdiocesan territory in Carniola was compiled based on the visitation records of the first Gorizia Archbishop Carl Michael Count Attems. Although for various reasons incomplete, the list is nevertheless a useful addition to existing research on the confraternities in the Carniola parishes which were under the Gorizia Archbishop’s jurisdiction. Since this subject matter and period are generally still insufficiently researched, the register may assist researchers of various fields, including art historians, in their future work. In the paper, the confraternities are listed based on the liturgical hierarchy of patrons’ titles. The list of confraternities active within individual present-day parishes is added.

Key words: confraternities, Carniola, Carl Michael Count of Attems, Gorizia Archdiocese, visitations

The Deeds Pertaining to the Jesuit College of Ljubljana
in the period 1592-1751

August 7, 2014 marks the 200th anniversary of the restoration of the Society of Jesus, whose work in the past has left an indelible impression on Slovenian people. Jesuit schools helped to create Catholic intelligentsia during the Counter-Reformation and the Catholic Renewal and through their sermons, missions, Marian congregations and catechesis Jesuits were very influential in shaping the image of a Slovenian believer. The order was founded by Ignatius of Loyola and his followers in the early 1530s and was confirmed by Pope Paul III in 1540 with his bull Regimini militantis ecclesiae. Spreading rapidly throughout Europe, Jesuits assisted the Catholic rulers of the 16th century in the recatholization of Southern and Central Europe after the Protestant Reformation. They came to Inner Austria at the invitation of Archduke Carl II; in 1573 the Jesuit college opened its gates in Graz. As early as 1584 the college grew into a university and became a place of study also for a number of young men coming from Slovenian Lands. Jesuits arrived to Carniola after having been invited by the Ljubljana bishop Janez Tavčar (1580-1597). Following Tavčar’s extensive correspondence with Archduke Maximilian and Pope Clement VIII about financial foundations for this new church institution, the Pope eventually established the college in Ljubljana in 1596. In 1603, Archduke Ferdinand II issued his founding charter, but it was only in 1607 that the Ljubljana college was granted privileges with Ferdinand’s so-called second founding charter, which also specified its borders. Built on the spot of the former poorhouse (Spital) near today’s Parish Church of St. James, the college was extremely beneficial in terms of providing education as well as formation of young people up until the dissolution of the order in 1773. The school that was part of the college managed to acquire a status of a higher education institution in the 18th century, but could, regretfully, not grow into a university mostly due to political situation in Inner Austria. After the order was suppressed Jesuits withdrew from Slovenian Lands and only returned to the region at the end of the 19th century. Currently they are active in five Slovenian parishes, three in Ljubljana and two in Maribor. The deeds pertaining to the Jesuit college were initially kept by St. James’s Church in Ljubljana. After the suppression of the order in 1773 they were taken to Vienna, where they remained for over 200 years. In 1978, the deeds were returned to Slovenia and are today kept at the Archives of the Republic of Slovenia within its Collection of Deeds (SI AS 1063). Since 2005 they have been available in a digital form; over the past few years they have also been made accessible online.