Mataga L A T U W E L L Tapiwa

It is the study of cells by microscopy (using microscope). Cytology is a.k.a cell biology. A cell is a basic unit of structure and function in all living organisms. A system of cells which perform a specific function is called a tissue. The study of tissues is called histology. Many biologists were involved in the study of cells in the 17 th Century.

The elimination of urine is very important for different bodily functions. It regulates the balance of water in the body, for example. It also gets rid of substances that are produced during metabolic processes and are no longer needed by the body .These include toxic substances in food. Urine test can help detect diseases of urinary system as well as metabolic diseases like diabetes or liver disease. Thus, this write up requires one to explain the assertion that, how can urine be used to test for abnormality in a named farm animal. Andreae (2008) stress that urine is a liquid waste product of the body secreted by the kidney, by a process of filtration from blood called urination and excreted through the urethra. The urinalysis is a set of screening tests that can detect some common diseases, this was postulated by Williams and Chan (2010) .In simple term urinalysis can be better understood as an initial basic test of the main features of the blood .It may be used to diagnose conditions such as the urinary tract infection, kidney disorders, liver problems, diabetes and some diseases of the blood and bladder stones. Urinalysis is the route test that reports the physical and chemical properties of urine. It usually involves three steps that is, the assessment of color, cloudiness and concentration of the urine, examination of the chemical composition of the urine using dipstick as well as examination of urine under microscope to look for bacteria, cells and parts of cells. Therefore, the farm animal to be discussed on is the cattle. Lawton (1998) has the idea that Haematuria may be an indicator of the potential for a medical emergency at sea from renal colic or from recurrence of urinary tract infection. It may identify longer term risk from the development of a urinary tract cancer. Dipstick tests are highly sensitive and there are only weak links between positive findings and subsequent disease. The extrapolation of prognosis from visible to dipstick haematuria is not justified. Haematuria can be present in urinary tract infection, with calculi, from prostatic disease or from a carcinoma of the urinary tract. Blood may also be present in a urine sample from minor lower tract trauma. The detection of urinary tract cancers based on detailed investigation of all cases of dipstick haematuria does not appear to improve prognosis as compared with action taken when they first present with visible haematuria or other signs. Haematuria associated with proteinuria, even at quite low levels, can be an indicator of early glomerular disease. Moreover, the presence of semen or vaginal fluids and urinary tract infection can all lead to the detection of protein urine. Proteinuria, that is the high level of protein in urine, may be an indication of kidney pathology. In this case there is a risk of progressive kidney failure. This may

Virtually all students are motivated in one way or another. One student may be keenly interested in classroom subject matter and seek out challenging course work, participate actively in class discussions, and earn high marks on assigned projects. The main essence of this essay this to explain the extent to which motivation is critical to effective teaching and learning.

people live in a representative democracy. they  elect governmental leaders and empower our leaders to represent their best interests in the making of laws and policies that will sustain the  commonwealth and future prosperity and assure the balance of our freedoms and responsibilities as citizens of our nation, states and communities. This is a great thing and people cherish the ideals of democracy. Does it work? Most of the time, but not always. In regard to public education, representative democracy has created an oligarchy of partisan politics in which the issues of educational public policy are not formulated for the education of children. Instead, the educational policies and practices of partisan oligarchs are designed to coalesce a constituency of voters who will use the electoral process to legitimate and maintain the political dominance of their chosen party. Examine the educational platforms of the Republican, Democratic and Libertarian parties. The planks of these platforms represent the consensus of representative party leaders. The Republican Party controls the US House of Representatives, hence the purse of our nation. The Republican Party controls twenty-four state governments by virtue of an elected governor and a majority of state legislators. The education of children is not addressed in the US Constitution but is the responsibility of the states. From the perspective of decision-making, the Republican Party is what President G. W. Bush self-described as himself: the Decider. The Republican Party has the power to decide the major issues of a nation.

Learning theories can give us some consistent ways of looking at classroom practice and some rational explanations for what occurs. For teachers, theory can provide guidance when it comes to decision making about school curriculum and teaching strategies.

law of agency is a branch of commercial law that deals with a set of contractual, quasi-contractual and non-contractual fiduciary relations that involve a person called agent that is authorized to act on behalf of another (principal) to create legal relationship between principal and agent to third parties.

The purpose of this assessment is to enable students to develop an effective research plan considering context, research questions, sources, timeline, and larger implications for writing a formal research report; Also to practice working with the Research Proposal as an academic genre and to provide an opportunity for working on stylistics and effective academic discourse. The Organizations of the modern age are adopting newer management practices in an attempt to stay competitive in their Business. Amongst these practices, are several efficient supply chain management practices that are helping these organizations to perform better in terms of delivering their respective supply chain performances. The Green Supply chain Management has recently gained popularity between industry practitioners as well as researchers. The aim of this research proposal is to identify and propose a conceptual model for incorporating green supply chain management practices in an organization that would eventually help organizations in improvising their economical, operational and environmental performance. This model is being suggested after a careful analysis and literature review of various researches conduced in this field. Thus, the purpose of this research would be rightly directed in adaptation and implementation of green supply chain management practices in organizations, and the measurement of the several benefits derived from these. The sustained economic growth across the global economy has eventually increased the level of non-renewable resources and energy consumption. The supply chain operations of the several organizations across varied industries across the globe are directly contributing towards resource depletion problems. Several of the organizations are also breaching their environmental responsibilities towards their surroundings by creating environmental hazards through its supply chain activities and operational practices. As a result, the concept of green supply chain management has emerged as a new systematic environmental approach in the industry. This approach has already been accepted by several of the forward thinking and prominent organizations in the manufacturing and service industry. In fact several or the organizations have experienced positive operational outcomes by balancing economic and environmental performances of their supply chain operations. Thus, the impact of implementation of the Green techniques in the Supply chain management of the manufacturing and service organizations are intended to study in this research proposal. This study conducted in this proposal is highly restricted to more usage of qualitative research tools over quantitative research tools of measuring the periodic financial performance of these organizations selected for study. The responses obtained from the samples selected for the study would be converted in to qualitative information that would be further analyzed and researched. Several of the existing literature pertaining to adoption of green supply chain management practices, would also be compared with the research data obtained. Research Question and Purpose

Substantive procedures are performed in order to detect material misstatement of the assertion level, and include tests of details of class of transactions, account balances and disclosures and substantive analytical procedures. The audit plans and performs substantive procedures to be responsive to the related assessment of the risk of material misstatement irrespective of the assessment of risk of material misstatement; the auditor should design and perform substantive procedures for each material class of transactions account balance and disclosure. 2 0 1 F The auditors substantive procedures should include the following audit procedures related to the financial statement closing process. Agreeing the financial statement to the underlying accounting records and examining material journal entries and other adjustments made during the course of preparing the financial statements. When the auditor had determined that an assessed risk of material misstatement at the assertion level is a significant risk; the auditor should perform substantive procedures that are specifically responsive to that risk. NATURE OF SUBSTANTIVE PROCEDURES Substantive analytical procedures are applied on large volume of transactions, which are predictable overtime. Tests of details are ordinarily more appropriate to obtain audit evidence regarding certain assertions about account balances, including existence and valuation. In designing substantive analytical procedures, the auditor considers such matters as the following: a. the suitability of using substantive analytical procedures given assertions b. the reliability of the data, whether internal or external from which the expectation of recorded amounts or ratios is developed c. whether the expectation is sufficiently precise to identify a material misstatement at the desired level of assurance. d. the amount of any difference is recorded amounts from expected values that is acceptable. SUBSTANTIVE TESTING PROCEDURES FOR KEY AUDIT AREAS A summary of basic substantive depth test which might be undertaken on the accounting transaction under the following key areas are listed as follows: Sales and Receipts Purchases and payments Payroll a. Sales and Receipts Objectives i. To confirm the reliability, accuracy and completeness of the accounting. ii. To confirm that all goods supplied were duly and properly invoiced and recorded.

Weeds are ubiquitous and insidious tyrants on earth. Their presence in and around agricultural land results in severe losses. But their menace is often ignored because they lack publicity of sudden outbreaks, as is commonly exhibited by several plant diseases and insect pests. The sight of a uniformly suppresses growth of a weedy crop often does not distract a passer-by till it comes to harvesting. Hence my paper seeks to elaborate the economic importance of weeds and methods that can be used to control them as it shall been witnessed in the progression of the essay. Therefore to kick start key terms such as weeds are going to be defined for the sake of clarity.