P. Tafforeau
European Synchrotron Radiation facility, Structure of Materials, Department Member
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The fossil record is biased towards biomineralised elements (for example bones, shells and teeth) that usually retain their original three-dimensional shape. Non-biomineralised arthropods, often comprising only exoskeletal tissues such as... more
The fossil record is biased towards biomineralised elements (for example bones, shells and teeth) that usually retain their original three-dimensional shape. Non-biomineralised arthropods, often comprising only exoskeletal tissues such as cuticle, are comparatively rare and are usually preserved in two-dimensions (including examples inside early diagenetic concretions). Rarer still are exceptionally preserved fossils that contain replicated soft tissues; although tissues that
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Dupret, V., S. Sanchez, D. Goujet, P. Tafforeau, and P. Ahlberg. 2011: Structures crâniennes du plus ancien vertébré à mâchoires (-410 millions d’années) révélé par tomographie synchrotron. 15ème Réunion des Chercheurs Francais en Suède,... more
Dupret, V., S. Sanchez, D. Goujet, P. Tafforeau, and P. Ahlberg. 2011: Structures crâniennes du plus ancien vertébré à mâchoires (-410 millions d’années) révélé par tomographie synchrotron. 15ème Réunion des Chercheurs Francais en Suède, Tekniska Museet, Stockholm, 2011.
Dans la peau de Romundina stellina Ørvig, 1975 (Vertebrata, Placodermi, Acanthothoraci): Anatomie crânienne d'un des premiers gnathostomes révélée par tomographie synchrotron en contraste de phase - Being Romundina stellina Ørvig, 1975 (Vertebrate, Placodermi, Acanthothoraci): Intracranial anatom...more
ABSTRACT 3D visualization of forming organs and tissues in early embryos helps understanding their developmental dynamics. 3D reconstruction of an organ from an image stack requires: (1) a sufficient number of slices in order to obtain... more
ABSTRACT 3D visualization of forming organs and tissues in early embryos helps understanding their developmental dynamics. 3D reconstruction of an organ from an image stack requires: (1) a sufficient number of slices in order to obtain smooth contours, and (2) a satisfactory contrast that allows differentiating between tissue layers during segmentation. Based on these principles, satisfactory but very time-consuming techniques are available for manual segmentation and step-by-step 3D reconstructions of small embryonic structures using histology (Viriot et al., 1997, 2000). Usual micro-CT devices available in developmental biology units do not provide the sufficient resolution required to visualize the smaller developing structures at early embryonic stages, such as tooth germs at E11.5. Furthermore, the contrast obtained from soft-tissues is low if high doses of radiation—not supported by small samples—are not used. A recent study (Raj et al., 2014) has shown that synchrotron imaging with a sliver-based contrast agent provides images of embryonic soft-tissues with a resolution of 4–10 micrometers. Here we show that the combination of propagation phase contrast, rapid imaging, phase retrieval and iodine contrast agent allows soft-tissue imaging with a voxel size of 0.695 micrometers and a relatively low radiation dose. This method provides submicronic images where single cells can be individualized.
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ABSTRACT The ESRF synchrotron beamline ID19, dedicated to full-field parallel-beam imaging techniques such as phase-contrast and absorption microtomography and X-ray topography, is one of the most versatile instruments of its kind. This... more
ABSTRACT The ESRF synchrotron beamline ID19, dedicated to full-field parallel-beam imaging techniques such as phase-contrast and absorption microtomography and X-ray topography, is one of the most versatile instruments of its kind. This paper presents key characteristics of ID19 in its present form, names examples for research and development performed on the beamline, and outlines the plans for an upgrade on the beamline in coming years, to adapt to the growing needs of the user community. The technical goals envisioned include an increase in available beam size and maximum photon energy, and a substantial increase in flux density for applications using beams of small and intermediate size.
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ABSTRACT This paper deals with the description of Cretonodes antounazari gen. et sp.nov. Cretonodini trib.nov., oldest representative of the subfamily Trinodinae; Dermestidae), Rhizophtoma elateroides gen. et sp.nov. (first member of... more
ABSTRACT This paper deals with the description of Cretonodes antounazari gen. et sp.nov. Cretonodini trib.nov., oldest representative of the subfamily Trinodinae; Dermestidae), Rhizophtoma elateroides gen. et sp.nov. (first member of Rhizophtominae subfam. nov. and oldest representative of Monotomidae), and Archelatrius marinae gen. et sp.nov. (oldest representative of the Latridiinae; Latridiidae). Short reviews of known fossil records of the mentioned families are given.
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ABSTRACT This article describes the current capabilities of the European Synchrotron radiation Facility (ESRF), and more particularly those of the ID19 beamline, devoted to imaging, for microtomography. Phase contrast, in situ and fast... more
ABSTRACT This article describes the current capabilities of the European Synchrotron radiation Facility (ESRF), and more particularly those of the ID19 beamline, devoted to imaging, for microtomography. Phase contrast, in situ and fast acquisitions, are emphasized, and examples illustrate the possibilities offered by the use of modern SR sources. RÉSUMÉ: Cet article expose les possibilités actuelles de l'Installation Européenne de Rayonnement Synchrotron (ESRF), et plus en particulier celles de la ligne ID19 dédiée à l' 'imagerie, en ce qui concerne la microtomographie. Les aspects contraste de phase, in situ et acquisition rapide sont soulignés. Des exemples illustrent les possibilités nouvelles.