German

See also: german, germán, and Germán

English

Alternative forms

• Germ. (abbreviation)

A German.

Etymology

From Latin Germānus, Germānī (“the peoples of Germānia”), as distinct from Gauls (in the writings of Caesar and Tacitus), and of uncertain ultimate origin (possibly Celtic/Gaulish).

Not related to german (“closely related”) or germane (from the Latin adjective germānus, through Old French).

Attested since at least 1520. Replaced the older terms Almain and Dutch (from Proto-Germanic *þiudiskaz) in English. Besides cognates of German, Almain, and Dutch, two other categories of words for the Germans in other languages are cognates of Saxon and descendants of Proto-Slavic *němьcь; see those entries for more.

The surname is generally from the noun, though sometimes confused with Herman, Hermann under Russian influence. As a German surname, Americanized from Germann. Compare Germán, Germain, Jerman.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒɜː.mən/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒɝ.mən/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: Ger‧man
• Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)mən

Noun

German (countable and uncountable, plural Germans)

1. (countable) A native or inhabitant of Germany; a person of German citizenship or nationality.
2. A member of the Germanic ethnic group which is the most populous ethnic group in Germany; a person of German descent.
3. (historical) A member of a Germanic tribe.

   Synonym: Teuton

   Rome was sacked by Germans and the Western Roman Empire collapsed.

4. A German wine.
   • 1858, Eliza Acton, Modern Cookery in All Its Branches: Reduced to a System of Easy Practice, for the Use of Private Families : in a Series of Receipts, which Have Been Strictly Tested, and are Given with the Most Minute Exactness : to which are Added Directions for Carving, Garnishing, and Setting Out the Table, with a Table of Weights and Measures, page 279:

     […] tie them tightly in a thickly floured cloth, and boil them for three hours and a half. We can recommend this as a remarkably light small rich pudding : it may be served with German, wine, or punch sauce.

   • 1996, Jim Ainsworth, Passport's Guide to Britain's Best Restaurants:

     The wine list harbours some great bottles, mature clarets and Burgundies as well as a clutch of fine Germans (gold-dust these days in restaurants) […]

6. (uncountable, US printing, rare, dated) A size of type between American and Saxon, 1+¹⁄₂-point type.
7. (MLE, slang) A Germany-produced car, a “German whip”.
   • 2021 May 21, “Plugged In Freestyle”, Big Tobz in Big Tobz & Blittz (lyrics), Fumez The Engineer (music)‎^[1], 0:13–0:16:

     In my German, they calling me a baller (skrr)
     Got me feeling like Özil

8. (British, slang) A prison warder.
   • 1996, Angela Devlin, Prison Patter‎^[2], Waterside Press, →ISBN:

     There are some 32 different terms for prison officers, from the humorously affectionate kanga(rhyming slang:kangaroo = screw) and the variants Scooby-Doo and Dr. Who via the mildly confrontational German (as if still the enemy over 50 years after World War II!) to the outright abuse of shit-parcel.

Synonyms

• (member of the German ethnic group): Deutscher (rare); Boche, Fritz, Hun, Jerry, Kraut (slang, offensive)

Hypernyms

• European

Derived terms

Terms derived from German (common noun)

• High German
• Pennsylvania German
• Swiss German, Swiss-German
• Volga German
• Zipser German

 

Translations

native or inhabitant of Germany; person of German citizenship or nationality

• Abenaki: Alemôn
• Afrikaans: Duitser (af)
• Albanian: gjerman (sq) m, gjermane f
• Arabic: أَلْمَانِيّ m (ʔalmāniyy), أَلْمَانِيَّة (ar) f (ʔalmāniyya)
• Armenian: գերմանացի (hy) (germanacʻi)
• Aromanian: ghirman m, ghirmanã f, gherman m, ghermanã f
• Asturian: alemán (ast) m, alemana (ast) f
• Azerbaijani:

  Abjad: نمسه (nemse)

  Roman: alman (az)

• Basque: alemaniar (eu), aleman (eu)
• Belarusian: не́мец m (njémjec), не́мка f (njémka), не́мцы pl (njémcy)
• Bengali: জার্মান (bn) (jarman), আলমানী (bn) (almani) (obsolete), এলেমান (bn) (eleman) (obsolete)
• Breton: Alaman (br) m
• Bulgarian: герма́нец (bg) m (germánec), герма́нка f (germánka), не́мец (bg) m (némec), немки́ня (bg) f (nemkínja)
• Catalan: alemany (ca) m, alemanya (ca) f
• Cherokee: ᎠᏛᏥ (chr) (advtsi)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 德國人／德国人 (zh) (Déguórén)

• Czech: Němec (cs) m, Němka (cs) f
• Danish: tysker (da) c, tyskere pl
• Dhivehi: އަލްމާނީ (almānī)
• Dutch: Duitser (nl) m
• Esperanto: germano (eo), germanino (female)
• Estonian: sakslane (et)
• Faroese: týskari m, týskur m (historically)
• Finnish: saksalainen (fi), saksatar (fi) (female)
• Fox: Chêmanîha
• French: Allemand (fr) m, Allemande (fr) f
• Galician: alemán (gl) m, alemá f
• Georgian: გერმანელი (germaneli)
• German: Deutscher (de) m (der Deutsche), Deutsche (de) f
• Greek: Γερμανός (el) m (Germanós), Γερμανίδα (el) f (Germanída)
• Hawaiian: Kelemānia
• Hebrew: גֶּרְמָנִי (he) m (germaní)
• Hindi: जरमन (hi) m (jarman), जर्मन (hi) m (jarman)
• Hungarian: német (hu)
• Icelandic: Þjóðverji (is) m
• Ido: Germano (io), Germaniano (io)
• Irish: Gearmánach m
• Italian: tedesco (it) m, tedesca (it) f
• Japanese: ドイツ人 (ja) (ドイツじん, Doitsujin)
• Kazakh: неміс (nemıs)
• Korean: 독일 사람 (dogil saram), 독일인(獨逸人) (ko) (dogirin), 도이췰란드 사람 (doichwillandeu saram) (North Korea)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: Almanî

• Kven: tyskäläinen
• Kyrgyz: немис (ky) (nemis)
• Latvian: vācietis (lv) m, vāciete f, fricis m (pejorative)
• Limburgish: pruus (li) m
• Lithuanian: vokietis (lt) m, vokietė (lt) f
• Louisiana Creole French: alman
• Macedonian: Германец m (Germanec), Германка f (Germanka), Немец m (Nemec) (obsolete)
• Menominee: a·nema·w
• Miami: meelawaatawia
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: герман хүн (german xün)

• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: tysker (no) m

  Nynorsk: tyskar (nn) m

• Old Church Slavonic:

  Cyrillic: нѣмьць m (němĭcĭ)

• Ottoman Turkish: آلامان (Alaman)
• Pashto: آلماني m or f (ālmaní)
• Pawnee: Taacpara (male; Skiri dialect), Ctaacpara (female; Skiri dialect)
• Persian: آلمانی (fa) (âlmâni)
• Polish: Niemiec (pl) m pers, Niemka (pl) f
• Portuguese: alemão (pt) m, alemã (pt) f
• Romanian: german (ro) m, germancă f, neamț (ro) m, nemțoaică (ro) f
• Romansch: Tudestg m, Tudestga f (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran), Tudas-ch m, Tudas-cha f (Puter), Tudais-ch m, Tudais-cha f (Vallader), Germanais m, Germanaisa f (Puter, Vallader)
• Russian: не́мец (ru) m (némec), не́мка (ru) f (némka), герма́нец (ru) m (germánec), герма́нка (ru) f (germánka)
• Scottish Gaelic: Gearmailteach m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Не́мац m, Није́мац m, Нѐмица f, Њѐмица f

  Roman: Némac m, Nijémac (sh) m, Nèmica f, Njèmica f

• Sicilian: tudiscu (scn) m, tudisca f
• Slovak: Nemec (sk) m, Nemka (sk) f
• Slovene: Némec (sl) m, Némka f
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: Nimc m, Nimcowka f

  Upper Sorbian: Němc m, Němka f

• Spanish: alemán (es) m, alemana (es) f
• Swahili: Mjerumani (sw)
• Swedish: tysk (sv) c, tyska (sv) c (female)
• Tajik: немис (nemis), олмонӣ (tg) (olmoni)
• Telugu: జర్మను (jarmanu)
• Turkish: Alman (tr)
• Turkmen: nemes
• Ukrainian: ні́мець (uk) m (nímecʹ), ні́мка f (nímka)
• Unami: Chìchëman
• Uyghur: نېمىس (nëmis)
• Uzbek: nemis (uz)
• Vietnamese: người Đức
• Welsh: Almaenwr (cy) m
• West Frisian: Dútser (fy) c (man), Dútse (fy) c (female)
• Yiddish: דײַטש (yi) m (daytsh)

member of the Germanic ethnic group which is the most populous ethnic group in Germany

• Abenaki: Alemôn
• Afrikaans: Duitser (af)
• Armenian: գերմանացի (hy) (germanacʻi)
• Bengali: জার্মান (bn) (jarman), আলমানী (bn) (almani) (obsolete), এলেমান (bn) (eleman) (obsolete)
• Catalan: germànic (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 德意志人 (zh) (déyìzhìrén)

• Czech: Germán (cs) m
• Finnish: saksalainen (fi), saksatar (fi) (female)
• French: Allemand (fr) m, Allemande (fr) f
• Galician: xermánico (gl) m
• Georgian: გერმანელი (germaneli)
• German: Deutscher (de) m, Deutsche (de) f
• Hebrew: גרמני (he) m (ger'manee)
• Irish: Gearmánach m
• Navajo: béésh bichʼahii
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: tysker (no) m

  Nynorsk: tyskar (nn) m

• Persian: ژرمن (fa) (žerman)
• Polish: Niemiec (pl) m, Niemka (pl) f
• Portuguese: germânico (pt) m, germânica (pt) f
• Romanian: german (ro) m, germană (ro) f
• Romansch: Tudestg m, Tudestga f (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran), Tudas-ch m, Tudas-cha f (Puter), Tudais-ch m, Tudais-cha f (Vallader), Germanais m, Germanaisa f (Puter, Vallader)
• Russian: не́мец (ru) m (némec), не́мка (ru) f (némka)
• Scottish Gaelic: Gearmailteach m
• Sicilian: girmànicu m, girmànica f
• Turkish: Alman (tr)
• Unami: Chìchëman
• Welsh: Almaenwr (cy) m
• West Frisian: Dútser (fy) c (male), Dútse (fy) c (female)
• Yiddish: דײַטש (yi) m (daytsh)

member of a Germanic tribe

• Afrikaans: Germaan
• Arabic: جِرْمَانِيّ m (jirmāniyy), جِرْمَانِيَّة f (jirmāniyya), جِرْمَانِيُّون m pl (jirmāniyyūn)
• Armenian: գերման (hy) (german)
• Bengali: জার্মানীয় (jarmaniẏo)
• Catalan: germànic (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 日耳曼人 (rìěrmànrén)

• Czech: Germán (cs) m
• Dutch: Germaan (nl) m, Germaanse (nl) f
• Faroese: germani m
• Finnish: germaani (fi)
• French: Germain (fr) m, Germaine (fr) f
• Galician: xermano m, xermana f
• German: Germane (de) m, Germanin (de) f
• Greek:

  Ancient: Γερμανός m (Germanós)

• Icelandic: Germani m
• Italian: germano (it) m, germana (it) f
• Khmer: អាល្លឺម៉ង់ (km) (aallɨɨmɑŋ)
• Latin: Germanicus (la) m, Germanica f
• Lithuanian: germanas m, germanė f
• Macedonian: Герман m (German), Германка f (Germanka)
• Malay: Jermanik
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: germaner m

  Nynorsk: germanar m

• Old French: Aleman
• Pashto: المانی m (almânay), المانۍ f (almânëy)
• Persian: ژرمن (fa) (žerman)
• Polish: Germanin (pl) m, Germanka (pl) f
• Portuguese: germano (pt) m, germana (pt) f
• Romanian: germanic (ro)
• Russian: герма́нец (ru) m (germánec), герма́нка (ru) f (germánka)
• Scottish Gaelic: Gearmailteach m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Гѐрма̄н m, Гѐрма̄нка f

  Roman: Gèrmān (sh) m, Gèrmānka f

• Spanish: germano (es) m, germana (es) f
• Turkish: Alman (tr)
• West Frisian: Germaan c (male), Germaanse c (female)

1½-point type

• Dutch: achtste cicero
• German: Achtelcicero

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Alabama: ^{(please verify)} chaama
• Chuvash: ^{(please verify)} Нимӗҫ (Nimĕś)
• Dutch: ^{(please verify)} Duitser (nl) m, ^{(please verify)} Duitse (nl) f
• Esperanto: ^{(please verify)} Germano
• Estonian: ^{(please verify)} sakslane (et) (male or female), ^{(please verify)} sakslanna (female)
• Guaraní: ^{(please verify)} Alemaniagua
• Hungarian: ^{(please verify)} német (hu)
• Ido: ^{(please verify)} Germano (io), ^{(please verify)} Germaniano (io)
• Indonesian: ^{(please verify)} orang Jerman
• Interlingua: ^{(please verify)} germano (ia) m, ^{(please verify)} germana f
• Khmer: ^{(please verify)} អាឡឺម៉ង់ (aaləɨmɑŋ)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: ^{(please verify)} elman (ku), ^{(please verify)} elmanî (ku)

• Latin: ^{(please verify)} Germanus (la) m, ^{(please verify)} Germana (la) f, ^{(please verify)} theodiscus m
• Latvian: ^{(please verify)} vācietis (lv) m, ^{(please verify)} vāciete f, (rare) ^{(please verify)} vāci pl
• Macedonian: ^{(please verify)} Германец m (Germanec), ^{(please verify)} Германка f (Germanka), ^{(please verify)} Германци pl (Germanci)
• Malay: ^{(please verify)} orang Jerman, ^{(please verify)} Jerman (ms)
• Maltese: ^{(please verify)} Ġermaniż (mt) m, ^{(please verify)} Ġermaniża f, ^{(please verify)} Tedesk m, ^{(please verify)} Tedeska f
• Marathi: ^{(please verify)} जर्मन (jarman)
• Norman: ^{(please verify)} Allémand m, ^{(please verify)} Allémande f
• Old French: ^{(please verify)} Aleman
• Pashto: ^{(please verify)} المانی m (almânay), ^{(please verify)} المانۍ f (almânëy)
• Persian: ^{(please verify)} آلمانی (fa) (âlmâni)
• Romani: ^{(please verify)} nyamco m, ^{(please verify)} nyamcojka f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ^{(please verify)} Немац m, ^{(please verify)} Нијемац, ^{(please verify)} Немица f, ^{(please verify)} Њемица f

  Roman: ^{(please verify)} Nemac m, ^{(please verify)} Nijemac (sh) m, ^{(please verify)} Nemica f, ^{(please verify)} Njemica f

• Swedish: ^{(please verify)} tysk (sv) c, ^{(please verify)} tyska (sv) c
• Tatar: ^{(please verify)} Алман (Alman)
• Thai: ^{(please verify)} คนเยอรมัน (th) (kon yer-rá-man)
• Turkish: ^{(please verify)} Alman (tr), ^{(please verify)} Almanyalı
• Ukrainian: ^{(please verify)} ні́мець (uk) m (nímecʹ), ^{(please verify)} ні́мка f (nímka), ^{(please verify)} ні́мці pl (nímci)
• Volapük: ^{(please verify)} Deutänan (vo)
• Yakut: ^{(please verify)} Ниэмэс (Niemes)

Proper noun

German

2. (uncountable) An Indo-European (Indo-Germanic) language, primarily spoken in Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, South Tyrol, Switzerland, Luxembourg, and a small part of Belgium.

   Synonym: (rare) Deutsch

   Meronyms: Low German (Plattdeutsch), High German

   German has three genders: masculine, feminine and neuter.

3. A surname.
4. A number of townships in the United States, listed under German Township.

Derived terms

Terms derived from German (proper noun)

• Alemannic German
• Austrian German
• Bernese German
• Central German
• Colonia Tovar German
• High German
• in the original German
• Low German
• Middle German
• Palatinate German
• Palatine German
• Pennsylvania German
• Pennsylvanian German
• Silesian German
• Standard German
• Swiss German, Swiss-German
• Upper German
• Volga German
• Volhynian German
• Volynian German
• Walliser German
• Walser German

 

Translations

the German language

• Abkhaz: агерман (agerman)
• Acehnese: ^{(please verify)} Jeureuman
• Afrikaans: Duits (af)
• Albanian: gjermanisht (sq), gjermanishte (sq) f, gjuha gjermane f
• Alemannic German: Deitscha
• Amharic: ጀርመን (ǧärmän)
• Arabic: الأَلْمَانِيَّة f (al-ʔalmāniyya), اللُّغَة الأَلْمَانِيَّة f (al-luḡa l-ʔalmāniyya), أَلْمَانِيّ m (ʔalmāniyy) (colloquial)
• Aragonese: alemán (an)
• Armenian: գերմաներեն (hy) (germaneren)
• Aromanian: limba ghirmãneascã f, limba ghirmanã f, limba ghermanã f
• Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܠܫܢܐ ܓܪܡܢܝܐ (lšnā grmniyā)
• Asturian: alemán (ast)
• Aymara: aliman aru
• Azerbaijani: alman dili (az)
• Bashkir: герман теле (german tele)
• Basque: aleman (eu), alemanera (eu)
• Bavarian: Deitsch n
• Belarusian: няме́цкая мо́ва f (njamjéckaja móva), няме́цкая (be) f (njamjéckaja)
• Bengali: জার্মান ভাষা (bn) (jarman bhaśa)
• Bikol Central: Alemán (bcl)
• Bishnupriya Manipuri: জার্মান (jārmān)
• Breton: alamaneg (br) m
• Bulgarian: не́мски (bg) m (némski), не́мски ези́к m (némski ezík)
• Burmese: ဂျာမန်စကား (gyamanca.ka:)
• Catalan: alemany (ca) m, alt alemany (ca) m
• Cebuano: inaleman
• Cherokee: ᎠᏛᏥ (chr) (advtsi)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 德語／德语 (dak¹ jyu⁵), 德文 (dak¹ man²)

  Dungan: дыййү (dɨyyü)

  Eastern Min: 德語／德语 (dáik-ngṳ̄)

  Hakka: 德語／德语 (tet-ngî), 德文 (tet-vùn)

  Hokkien: 德語／德语 (tek-gú / tiak-gír / tek-gí / tiak-gí), 德文 (tiak-bûn / tek-bûn)

  Mandarin: 德語／德语 (zh) (déyǔ), 德文 (zh) (déwén)

• Chuvash: нимӗҫ чӗлхи (nimĕś čĕlh̬i)
• Cornish: Almaynek m
• Corsican: lingua tedesca f
• Crimean Tatar: alman tili
• Czech: němčina (cs) f
• Danish: tysk (da) n
• Dhivehi: އަލްމާނީ (almānī)
• Dutch: Duits (nl) n
• Emilian: tedèsch
• Esperanto: germana (eo)
• Estonian: saksa
• Faroese: týskt (fo) n
• Finnish: saksa (fi)
• Franco-Provençal: alemand
• French: allemand (fr) m
• Friulian: todesc, lenghe todescje
• Galician: alemán (gl) m
• Georgian: გერმანული (ka) (germanuli), გერმანული ენა (ka) (germanuli ena)
• German: Deutsch (de) n, deutsche Sprache f

  Central Franconian: Dütsch n

• Greek: γερμανικά (el) n pl (germaniká)
• Greenlandic: tyskisut
• Guaraní: alemañañe'ẽ
• Gujarati: જર્મન (gu) (jarman)
• Haitian Creole: alman
• Hausa: Jamusanci
• Hebrew: גרמנית (he) f (germanít)
• Hindi: जर्मन (hi) (jarman), जरमन (hi) f (jarman)
• Hungarian: német (hu)
• Hunsrik: taytx
• Icelandic: þýska (is) f
• Ido: Germana (io), Germaniana (io)
• Ilocano: Aleman
• Indonesian: bahasa Jerman
• Interlingua: germano (ia)
• Irish: Gearmáinis f
• Italian: tedesco (it) m
• Japanese: ドイツ語 (ja) (ドイツご, Doitsu-go), 独語 (ja) (どくご, Dokugo)
• Javanese: Jerman basa
• Kabardian: ^{(please verify)} Джэрмэныбзэ (Džɛrmɛnəbzɛ)
• Kannada: ಡಚ್ (kn) (ḍac)
• Kazakh: неміс тілі (nemıs tılı), немісше (nemısşe)
• Khmer: អាល្លឺម៉ង់ (km) (ʼaalləɨmɑng)
• Kongo: kidoitce
• Korean: 독일어(獨逸語) (ko) (Dogireo), 독어(獨語) (ko) (Dogeo)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: elmanî (ku)

• Kyrgyz: неміс, немисче (ky) (nemisce)
• Ladino: lingua alemana f
• Lao: ພາສາເຢຍລະມັນ (lo) (phā sā yīa la man)
• Latin: lingua germanica f, lingua theodisca f
• Latvian: vācu valoda f, vācu
• Ligurian: lengua tedesca f
• Limburgish: Pruusj (li) n
• Lingala: lialémani
• Lithuanian: vokiečių (lt), vokiečių kalba (lt)
• Lombard: lengua Tudesca f
• Low German: Duitsk (nds) n

  Dutch Low Saxon: duuts

  German Low German: Düütsch (nds) n

• Luhya: please add this translation if you can
• Luxembourgish: Däitsch (lb) n
• Macedonian: германски m (germanski), германски јазик m (germanski jazik)
• Malagasy: alema (mg)
• Malay: bahasa Jerman, Jerman (ms)
• Malayalam: ഭാഷ ജർമൻ (bhāṣa jaṟmaṉ)
• Maltese: il-Ġermaniż (mt)
• Manx: Germaanish m
• Maori: reo Tiamana
• Mapudungun: alemaña dungun
• Marathi: भाषा जर्मन (bhāṣā jarman)
• Mazanderani: آلمانی زبون
• Mingrelian: გერმანული ნინა (germanuli nina)
• Mòcheno: taitsch n
• Moksha: германонь кяль (germanoń käľ)
• Mongolian: герман хэл (german xel)
• Nahuatl: teutontlahtōlli (nah)
• Navajo: Bééshbichʼahii bizaad
• Neapolitan: lengua germanese f
• Norman: allemaund
• Northern Sami: duiskkagiella
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: tysk (no) m

  Nynorsk: tysk (nn) m

• Occitan: alemand (oc) m
• Ojibwe: aanimaamowin
• Old Church Slavonic:

  Cyrillic: нѣмьчьскъ ѩꙁꙑкъ m (němĭčĭskŭ językŭ)

• Ossetian: немыцаг ӕвзаг (nemycag ævzag)
• Ottoman Turkish: نمچه (nemçe)
• Pashto: الماني (ps)
• Persian: آلمانی (fa) (âlmâni)
• Piedmontese: lenga tedësca f
• Polish: niemiecki (pl) m inan, niemczyzna (pl) f
• Portuguese: alemão (pt) m
• Quechua: aliman simi
• Romagnol: tedèsch
• Romani: nyamcicko m
• Romanian: germană (ro) f, nemțește (ro) (adverb), nemțească f (rare), limba germană f
• Romansch: tudestg m (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran), tudas-ch m (Puter), tudais-ch m (Vallader), germanais m (Puter, Vallader)
• Russian: неме́цкий (ru) (neméckij), неме́цкий язы́к m (neméckij jazýk)
• Rwanda-Rundi: ikidage
• Sami:

  Kildin Sami: ерманскэ кӣлл (jermanske kīll)

• Samoan: fa'asiamani
• Samogitian: vuokītiu kalba
• Scots: German
• Scottish Gaelic: Gearmailtis f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: немачки m, њемачки m

  Roman: nemački (sh) m, njemački (sh) m

• Sicilian: tudiscu (scn) m, lingua tudisca f
• Silesian: mjymjecko godka f
• Sinhalese: ජර්මානු (si) (jarmānu), භාෂාව ජර්මානු (bhāṣāwa jarmānu)
• Slovak: nemčina (sk) f
• Slovene: némščina (sl) f
• Somali: jarmalka, jarmalka
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: nimšćina f, nimska rěc f

  Upper Sorbian: němčina (hsb) f, němska rěč f

• Sotho: se-jeremane
• Spanish: alemán (es) m
• Sranan Tongo: Doisritongo
• Swahili: kijerumani (sw)
• Swazi: síJalimáne
• Swedish: tyska (sv)
• Tagalog: Aleman (tl), Jerman
• Tajik: забони олмонӣ (zabon-i olmoni), олмонӣ (tg) (olmoni)
• Tamil: மொழி ஜெர்மன் (moḻi jermaṉ)
• Tatar: алман теле (alman tele)
• Telugu: జర్మను (jarmanu)
• Tetum: lia-alemaun, lian alemanya
• Thai: ภาษาเยอรมัน (th) (paasăa yerráman)
• Tibetan: འཇར་མན་སྐད། ('jar man skad)
• Tigrinya: ጀርመን (ǧärmän)
• Tok Pisin: Siamani tok
• Turkish: Almanca (tr)
• Turkmen: nemes dili
• Ukrainian: німе́цька (uk) f (nimécʹka), німе́цька мо́ва (uk) f (nimécʹka móva)
• Urdu: جرمن (jarman), المانی (almānī)
• Uyghur: نېمىسچە (nëmische)
• Uzbek: nemischa (uz)
• Venetan: łéngoa todésca f, todesco (vec) m
• Vietnamese: tiếng Đức (vi)
• Volapük: Deutänapük (vo)
• Walloon: almand (wa)
• Welsh: Almaeneg (cy) f
• West Frisian: Dútsk (fy) n, Tsjutsk n (dated, literary)
• Xhosa: isiJamani
• Yiddish: דײַטש (yi) n (daytsh)
• Zazaki: almanki
• Zealandic: duuts
• Zulu: isiJalimani

Adjective

German (comparative more German, superlative most German or Germanest)

German football supporters.

1. Of or relating to the nation of Germany.
   • 2001, Donald L. Niewyk, The Jews in Weimar Germany, →ISBN, page 31:

     In Prussia, always the most progressive of the German states during the Weimar years and a stronghold of the two parties, Jews could be found in virtually all administrative departments […] .

2. Of or relating to the natives or inhabitants of Germany; to people of German descent; to their cultures.

   Hypernym: European

   Her German husband has blond hair.

   • 2005 May 23, Gavriel D. Rosenfeld, The World Hitler Never Made: Alternate History and the Memory of Nazism‎^[3], Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 182:

     If Demandt's essay served as a strident example of the German desire for normalcy, a more subtle example was provided by a brief allohistorical depiction of a Nazi victory in World War II written by German historian Michael Salewski in 1999.

   • 1889, Theodore S. Fay, The three Germanys: glimpses into their history, vol. II, p. 1270 (inside the index):

     Goths, a German tribe, 9; allied with other tribes against Rome, 39; [...]

3. Of, in or relating to the German language.

   Synonym: (rare) Deutsch

   Hypernym: Indo-European

   Meronyms: Low German, High German

   Because the instructions were German, Yves couldn't read them.

   • 1816, George Henry Noehden, A Grammar of the German Language, 3rd edition, page 3:

     In this manner there existed, about the time of the Reformation, three grand divisions of the German language, viz. the Upper German (Ober Deutsch), the Low German (Nieder Deutsch, or Platt Deutsch), and lastly the High German (Hoch Deutsch).

   • 1838, Joseph Bosworth, A Dictionary of the Anglo-saxon Language, page xiii:

     To trace its progress, it will be necessary to enter into detail, and to examine the German language in its two great divisions, the Low and High German.

   • 1990, Charles V.J. Russ, Introduction, in: Charles V.J. Russ (ed.), The Dialects of Modern German: A Linguistic Survey, p. xviii (note: the work covers Frisian, Low and High German dialects):

     This volume is intended to provide a survey of the linguistic characteristics of modern German dialects [...]. These are defined geographically as those within the borders of the Federal Republic of Germany, the German Democratic Republic, Austria, the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg, the German-speaking part of Switzerland, and Alsace in France ([..]).

Synonyms

• Teutonic

Derived terms

Terms derived from German (adjective)

• Central German
• German Autumn
• German Bight
• German biscuit
• German bit
• German carp
• German chamomile
• German dualism
• German flute
• German fried potatoes
• German iris
• German lute
• Germanly
• German New Guinea
• German Ocean
• German pancake
• German paste
• German Sea
• German shepherd
• German Shorthaired Pointer
• German Spitz Klein
• German Spitz Mittel
• German turnip
• German vice
• German wheat
• German whist
• German Wirehaired Pointer
• Gotho-German
• High German
• Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation
• Low German
• Middle High German
• National Socialist German Workers' Party
• New High German
• non-German
• Old High German
• Pennsylvania German
• Pennsylvanian German
• Swiss German, Swiss-German
• Upper German
• Zipser German

 

Translations

of or relating to the country of Germany

• Afrikaans: Duits (af)
• Albanian: gjerman (sq)
• Arabic: أَلْمَانِيّ (ʔalmāniyy)
• Armenian: գերմանական (hy) (germanakan)
• Asturian: alemán (ast)
• Azerbaijani: alman (az)
• Bashkir: немец (nemets), герман (german)
• Basque: alemaniar (eu), aleman (eu)
• Belarusian: няме́цкі (njamjécki)
• Bengali: আলমানী (bn) (almanī)
• Breton: alaman (br)
• Bulgarian: герма́нски (bg) (germánski), не́мски (bg) (némski)
• Burmese: ဂျာမနီ (gyama.ni)
• Carpathian Rusyn: нїме́цькый (njimécʹkŷj)
• Catalan: alemany (ca)
• Chechen: немцойн (nemcojn)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 德國／德国 (zh) (Déguó), 德 (zh) (dé)

• Corsican: tedescu (co)
• Czech: německý (cs)
• Danish: tysk (da)
• Dutch: Duits (nl), Duitse (nl)
• Esperanto: germana (eo)
• Estonian: saksa
• Finnish: saksalainen (fi)
• French: allemand (fr)
• Galician: alemán (gl)
• Georgian: გერმანული (ka) (germanuli), გერმანიის (germaniis)
• German: deutsch (de)

  Alemannic German: tüütsch

  Central Franconian: dütsch

• Greek: γερμανικός (el) (germanikós)
• Guaraní: Alemaniagua
• Hawaiian: Kelemānia
• Hebrew: גֶּרְמָנִי (he) (germaní)
• Hindi: जरमन (hi) (jarman)
• Hungarian: német (hu)
• Icelandic: þýskur (is)
• Indonesian: Jerman (id)
• Interlingua: german
• Irish: Gearmánach
• Italian: tedesco (it)
• Japanese: ドイツの (ja) (Doitsu no), 独 (ja) (どく, Doku)
• Kazakh: неміс (nemıs)
• Khmer: អាល្លឺម៉ង់ (km) (ʼaalləɨmɑng)
• Korean: 독일의 (ko) (Dogir-ui), 도이췰란드의 (ko) (Doichwillandeu-ui) (North Korea)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: elmanî (ku)

• Kven: tyskäläinen
• Kyrgyz: немис (ky) (nemis), немец (nemets)
• Lao: ເຢັຽລະມັນ (yīa la man), ເຢຍຣະມັນ (yīa ra man)
• Latin: germanicus (la), theodiscus
• Latvian: vācu
• Lithuanian: vokiškas (lt)
• Low German:

  German Low German: düüdsch, dütsch (nds), düütsch (nds)

• Luxembourgish: däitsch
• Macedonian: германски (germanski)
• Malay: Jerman (ms)
• Maori: tiamana
• Mòcheno: taitsch
• Mongolian: герман (german)
• Navajo: Bééshbichʼahii bi-
• Neapolitan: germanése
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: tysk (no)

  Nynorsk: tysk (nn)

• Occitan: alemand (oc)
• Old Church Slavonic:

  Cyrillic: нѣмьчьскъ (němĭčĭskŭ)

  Glagolitic: ⱀⱑⰿⱐⱍⱐⱄⰽⱏ (němĭčĭskŭ)

• Pashto: المانی (almânay), آلماني (ālmaní)
• Persian: آلمانی (fa) (âlmâni)
• Plautdietsch: dietsch (nds)
• Polish: niemiecki (pl)
• Portuguese: alemão (pt), germânico (pt)
• Romani: ^{(please verify)} nyamcicko
• Romanian: german (ro)
• Romansch: tudestg (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran), tudas-ch (Puter), tudais-ch (Vallader), germanais (Puter, Vallader)
• Russian: неме́цкий (ru) (neméckij), герма́нский (ru) (germánskij)
• Sami:

  Kildin Sami: ерманскэ (jermanske)

• Scottish Gaelic: Gearmailteach
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: нѐмачкӣ, њѐмачкӣ

  Roman: nèmačkī (sh), njèmačkī (sh)

• Slovak: nemecký (sk)
• Slovene: némški (sl)
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: nimski

• Spanish: alemán (es)
• Swedish: tysk (sv)
• Tajik: олмонӣ (tg) (olmoni)
• Tatar: алман (alman)
• Telugu: జర్మను (jarmanu)
• Thai: เยอรมัน (th) (yəə-rá-man)
• Turkish: Alman (tr)
• Turkmen: nemes
• Ukrainian: німе́цький (uk) (nimécʹkyj)
• Urdu: جرمن (jarman), المانی (almānī)
• Uyghur: نېمىس (nëmis)
• Uzbek: nemis (uz)
• Venetan: todésco
• Vietnamese: Đức (vi)
• Volapük: Deutänik (vo)
• Welsh: Almaenig, Almaenaidd
• West Frisian: Dútsk (fy)
• Yakut: ниэмэс (niemes)
• Yiddish: דײַטשיש (daytshish)
• Zhuang: Dwzgoz

of or relating to the German people

• Afrikaans: Duits (af)
• Asturian: alemán (ast)
• Bengali: আলমানী (bn) (almanī)
• Catalan: alemany (ca)
• Corsican: tedescu (co) m, tedesca f
• Esperanto: germana (eo)
• Finnish: saksalainen (fi)
• Galician: alemán (gl)
• Georgian: გერმანული (ka) (germanuli)
• German: deutsch (de)

  Central Franconian: dütsch

• Greek: γερμανικός (el) (germanikós)
• Hawaiian: Kelemānia
• Icelandic: þýskur (is)
• Irish: Gearmánach
• Latvian: vācu
• Lithuanian: vokiškas (lt)
• Low German:

  German Low German: düütsch (nds)

• Malay: orang Jerman, Jerman (ms)
• Mòcheno: taitsch
• Mongolian: герман (german)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: germansk (no)

  Nynorsk: germansk

• Pashto: المانی (almânay)
• Plautdietsch: dietsch (nds)
• Portuguese: alemão (pt), germânico (pt)
• Romansch: tudestg (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran), tudas-ch (Puter), tudais-ch (Vallader), germanais (Puter, Vallader)
• Russian: неме́цкий (ru) (neméckij)
• Sami:

  Kildin Sami: ерманскэ (jermanske)

• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: nimski

• Spanish: alemán (es)
• Swedish: tysk (sv)
• Telugu: జర్మను (jarmanu)
• Volapük: Deutänanik (♂♀), hi-Deutänanik (♂), ji-Deutänanik (♀)
• Welsh: Almaenig, Almaenaidd
• Yiddish: דײַטש (yi) (daytsh)

of or relating to the German language

• Afrikaans: Duits (af)
• Arabic: أَلْمَانِيّ (ʔalmāniyy)
• Armenian: գերմաներեն (hy) (germaneren)
• Asturian: alemán (ast)
• Belarusian: няме́цкі (njamjécki)
• Bengali: আলমানী (bn) (almani)
• Breton: alamanek (br)
• Bulgarian: не́мски (bg) (némski)
• Catalan: alemany (ca)
• Chechen: немцойн (nemcojn)
• Corsican: tedescu (co)
• Czech: německý (cs)
• Finnish: saksankielinen (fi)
• Galician: alemán (gl)
• Georgian: გერმანული (ka) (germanuli)
• German: deutsch (de)
• Greek: γερμανικός (el) (germanikós)
• Hawaiian: Kelemānia
• Hungarian: német (hu)
• Icelandic: þýskur (is)
• Irish: Gearmáinise
• Latvian: vācu
• Lithuanian: vokiškas (lt)
• Low German:

  German Low German: düütsch (nds) (North Low German), düütsk (nds) (Westphalia, Münsterland, Westmünsterland), düüts (Westphalia, Westmünsterland), duitsk (East Westphalia, Sauerland)

• Macedonian: германски (germanski)
• Malay: bahasa Jerman, Jerman (ms)
• Mòcheno: taitsch
• Mongolian: герман (german)
• Pashto: المانی (almânay)
• Plautdietsch: dietsch (nds)
• Portuguese: alemão (pt)
• Romansch: tudestg (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran), tudas-ch (Puter), tudais-ch (Vallader), germanais (Puter, Vallader)
• Russian: неме́цкий (ru) (neméckij)
• Sami:

  Kildin Sami: ерманскэ (jermanske)

• Scottish Gaelic: Gearmailteach
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: нѐмачкӣ, њѐмачкӣ

  Roman: nèmačkī (sh), njèmačkī (sh)

• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: nimski

• Spanish: alemán (es)
• Swedish: tysk (sv), tyskspråkig (sv)
• Telugu: జర్మను (jarmanu)
• Ukrainian: німе́цький (uk) (nimécʹkyj)
• Volapük: Deutänapükik
• Welsh: Almaeneg (cy)

See also

• St Germans
• Wiktionary's coverage of German terms
• Appendix:German Swadesh list for a Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words in German

Further reading

• Leo's German - English Dictionary: from Department of Informatics of Technische Universität München
• ISO 639-1 code de, ISO 639-3 code deu (SIL)
• Ethnologue entry for German, deu ⁠

Anagrams

• Engram, Magner, Manger, engram, manger, ragmen

Basque

Etymology

• Borrowed from Germán

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡerman/ [ɡer.mãn]
• Rhymes: -erman
• Hyphenation: Ger‧man

Proper noun

German anim

1. a male given name

References

• Xarles Bidegain, Izendegia, 1999, Elkarlanean, Donostia, →ISBN, page 190

German

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

German n (strong, genitive Germans, plural Germane)

1. (organic chemistry) germane

Declension

Declension of German [neuter, strong]

	singular			plural
	indef.	def.	noun	def.	noun
nominative	ein	das	German	die	Germane
genitive	eines	des	Germans	der	Germane
dative	einem	dem	German	den	Germanen
accusative	ein	das	German	die	Germane

Norman

Proper noun

German m

1. a male given name

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡěrmaːn/
• Hyphenation: Ger‧man

Proper noun

Gèrmān m (Cyrillic spelling Гѐрма̄н)

1. German (member of a Germanic tribe)

Declension

Declension of German

	singular	plural
nominative	German	Germani
genitive	Germana	Germana
dative	Germanu	Germanima
accusative	Germana	Germane
vocative	Germane	Germani
locative	Germanu	Germanima
instrumental	Germanom	Germanima