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Recent arguments for Ruthless Reductionism (RR) over New Mechanism (NM) appeal to metascientific treatments of optogenetic results as evidence for direct ‘mind-to-molecules’ reductive links. Optogenetics exemplifies the importance of tool... more
Recent arguments for Ruthless Reductionism (RR) over New Mechanism (NM) appeal to metascientific treatments of optogenetic results as evidence for direct ‘mind-to-molecules’ reductive links. Optogenetics exemplifies the importance of tool development in driving research and development in the life sciences. However, metascience offers inadequate theoretical grounds to adjudicate philosophical debates. Its treatment of optogenetic results are not tantamount to a parade case of reduction; and even if they were, RR would not thereby be established generally.
COVID-19 brought the public’s attention to the critical value of transportation and supply chain workers as lifelines to access food and other supplies. This report examines essential job skills required of the middle-skill workforce... more
COVID-19 brought the public’s attention to the critical value of transportation and supply chain workers as lifelines to access food and other supplies. This report examines essential job skills required of the middle-skill workforce (workers with more than a high school degree, but less than a four-year college degree). Many of these middle-skill transportation and supply chain jobs are what the Federal Reserve Bank defines as “opportunity occupations” -- jobs that pay above median wages and can be accessible to those without a four-year college degree. This report lays out the complex landscape of selected technological disruptions of the supply chain to understand the new workforce needs of these middle-skill workers, followed by competencies identified by industry. With workplace social distancing policies, logistics organizations now rely heavily on data management and analysis for their operations. All rungs of employees, including warehouse workers and truck drivers, require ...
Reductionism is an old doctrine desperate for new direction. With nomologically constructed theories commanding less attention in the life sciences, concern for the twentieth-century tradition of a...