Richard Dudley
Cornell University, CALS, Adjunct
- Natural Resources, Fisheries Management, Project Management, Policy Analysis and Decision Making, Natural Resource Management, International Development, and 21 moreFisheries Science, Fisheries, Tropical Ecology, Systems Science, Wildlife Ecology And Management, System Dynamics Modeling, Marine Ecology, Community Based Natural Resources Management, Conservation Ecology, Coral Reef Ecosystems, Ecosystem Modeling, Ecosystems Ecology, Ecology, Biology, Freshwater Ecology, Forestry, Conservation Biology, Public PolicyStudies, Social Capital, Non-Linear System Social Dynamics & Simulations, and Environmental Sustainabilityedit
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... du CIFOR Equipe C&Idu CIFOR (CD-ROM EN ANGLAIS INCLUANT LES MANUELS N°3 ET4 DANS LA JAQUETTE DU MANUEL N°2) Manuel n°3 CIMAT (logiciel de modification et d'adaptation des critères et indicateurs) Prabhu, R.,... more
... du CIFOR Equipe C&Idu CIFOR (CD-ROM EN ANGLAIS INCLUANT LES MANUELS N°3 ET4 DANS LA JAQUETTE DU MANUEL N°2) Manuel n°3 CIMAT (logiciel de modification et d'adaptation des critères et indicateurs) Prabhu, R., Haggith M., Purnomo H., Rizal A., Sukadri ...
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In recent years, there has been a certain reluctance in some development and conservation circles to acknowledge the significance of population issues. Westerners are cognizant of their own roles in consuming the world’s resources and... more
In recent years, there has been a certain reluctance in some development and conservation circles to acknowledge the significance of population issues. Westerners are cognizant of their own roles in consuming the world’s resources and understandably consider it inappropriate to warn others about population expansion. Additionally, there is growing recognition that, for instance, in forest management, public participation is often used for the purposes of the managers, donors and project leaders, rather than for local people’s purposes (for a thorough examination of these processes as they apply to women’s reproductive rights, see Braidotti et al, 1994; Reardon, 1995; Rocheleau and Slocum, 1995; Turshen, 1995). And finally, forest managers – usually men, and usually outsiders – typically feel uncomfortable dealing with the women who live in forests. Childbearing behaviour, they believe, is too personal, and outside the realm of forestry or ecological expertise. For all these reasons,...
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Almost 50% of scholarly articles are now open access in some form. This greatly benefits scholars at most institutions and is especially helpful to independent scholars and those without access to libraries. It also furthers the... more
Almost 50% of scholarly articles are now open access in some form. This greatly benefits scholars at most institutions and is especially helpful to independent scholars and those without access to libraries. It also furthers the long-standing idea of knowledge as a public good. The changing dynamics of open access (OA) threaten this positive development by solidifying the pay-to-publish OA model which further marginalizes peripheral scholars and incentivizes the development of sub-standard and predatory journals. Causal loop diagrams (CLDs) are used to illustrate these interactions.
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In recent years, there has been a certain reluctance in some development and conservation circles to acknowledge the significance of population issues. Individuals from the West are cognizant of their (our) own roles in consuming the... more
In recent years, there has been a certain reluctance in some development and conservation circles to acknowledge the significance of population issues. Individuals from the West are cognizant of their (our) own roles in consuming the world’s resources and understandably consider it inappropriate to harangue others about population expansion when the West can’t “get its own
SUMMARY. Much of the work of illegal logging in Indonesia is car-ried out by villagers. Several factors determine villagers ’ willingness to Richard G. Dudley is a fisheries and natural resources consultant. During 2002-2003 he was a... more
SUMMARY. Much of the work of illegal logging in Indonesia is car-ried out by villagers. Several factors determine villagers ’ willingness to Richard G. Dudley is a fisheries and natural resources consultant. During 2002-2003 he was a visiting fellow at Cornell University (E-mail:
model to quickly compare possible baseline and policy scenarios for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation
In recent years, there has been a certain reluctance in some development and conservation circles to acknowledge the significance of population issues. Westerners are cognizant of their own roles in consuming the world’s resources and... more
In recent years, there has been a certain reluctance in some development and conservation circles to acknowledge the significance of population issues. Westerners are cognizant of their own roles in consuming the world’s resources and understandably consider it inappropriate to warn others about population expansion. Additionally, there is growing recognition that, for instance, in forest management, public participation is often used for the purposes of the managers, donors and project leaders, rather than for local people’s purposes (for a thorough examination of these processes as they apply to women’s reproductive rights, see Braidotti et al, 1994; Reardon, 1995; Rocheleau and Slocum, 1995; Turshen, 1995). And finally, forest managers – usually men, and usually outsiders – typically feel uncomfortable dealing with the women who live in forests. Childbearing behaviour, they believe, is too personal, and outside the realm of forestry or ecological expertise. For all these reasons,...
A simple model allows rapid comparison of typical baseline and policy scenarios which might be considered under international programs to avoid CO2 emissions caused by forest clearing, such as REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation... more
A simple model allows rapid comparison of typical baseline and policy scenarios which might be considered under international programs to avoid CO2 emissions caused by forest clearing, such as REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation). These tests of REDD policy scenarios can also include CO2 stored in forest products. The value of avoided emissions can also be determined if expected carbon prices, constant or varying, are included. The paper discusses specific simple scenario comparisons as well as possible feedback effects within the larger scale setting of CO2 offset availability, CO2 price and emissions reductions.
The purpose of this course is to help us harness the potential of system dynamics modeling as a tool for enhancing our understanding of interrelationships within complex systems. While system dynamics modeling has long been used as a tool... more
The purpose of this course is to help us harness the potential of system dynamics modeling as a tool for enhancing our understanding of interrelationships within complex systems. While system dynamics modeling has long been used as a tool to study and understand such systems, the emphasis in this course will be on its role in enhancing inter-disciplinary work related to understanding, and developing solutions to, problems inherent to food systems, poverty and related spheres, especially in Africa.
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The Kafue Floodplain fishery produces an annual fish yield of about 5000 tonnes. The 1971 closure of the Kafue Gorge Dam downstream from the floodplain modified flooding patterns. Pre-impoundment studies predicted this modification would... more
The Kafue Floodplain fishery produces an annual fish yield of about 5000 tonnes. The 1971 closure of the Kafue Gorge Dam downstream from the floodplain modified flooding patterns. Pre-impoundment studies predicted this modification would increase fish stocks. Experimental gillnets set in 1975 and 1976 caught 18 species on a regular basis, nine of which were abundant enough for comparison with catches in similar gillnet samples taken prior to completion of the Kafue Gorge Dam. Of these nine species, experimental gillnet catches of three predator species were smaller in 1975–76 than in 1969–70. Catches of only one species increased significantly. Whether this change is due to the modified flooding pattern is unclear; unusually dry flood conditions in 1973 and increased fishing effort may have contributed.
Research Interests: Zoology, Biology, Ecology, Fish Biology, Fishing, and 4 moreFloodplain, Fisheries Sciences, Fishery, and Flood Myth
Abstract Fisheries scientists in the developing world are facing a crisis. They have few options for managing fisheries and few funds and support for implementing the options they have. University personnel operate with subsistence... more
Abstract Fisheries scientists in the developing world are facing a crisis. They have few options for managing fisheries and few funds and support for implementing the options they have. University personnel operate with subsistence salaries, few books, no journals, and little research funding. At the same time fisheries resource issues are becoming more complex, and environmental problems more severe. Can North American scientists, agencies, and the American Fisheries Society (AFS) do more to help colleagues in need? What possibilities exist? Can possibilities be improved and expanded?
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Maize is widely grown in Africa including in drier areas where alternate crops will often perform better. Although maize will fail in drought years, it produces substantially higher yields than alternates, such as sorghum and millet, in... more
Maize is widely grown in Africa including in drier areas where alternate crops will often perform better. Although maize will fail in drought years, it produces substantially higher yields than alternates, such as sorghum and millet, in wet years. Although people tend to select which crops to grow based on recent experience with crop harvests and prices, there is a widespread preference for maize even in areas where planting it is risky. This can lead to crop failures when rainfall varies from year to year. Introduction of higher yielding maize varieties might, under some conditions, cause increases in food shortages by further incentivizing the planting of maize in inappropriate situations. A preliminary model helps to investigate this and related issues. Introduction Food shortages and famine are frequent occurrences in the Horn of Africa and in other drier parts of northeastern Africa. Climate models indicate that some of this area may be wetter in the future, some may be drier, ...
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Many fisheries in North America are in crisis, creating ever more complex problems for managers. Management decisions are contested in court, changed via legislation, or merely ignored. As complexities multiply, accuracy of management... more
Many fisheries in North America are in crisis, creating ever more complex problems for managers. Management decisions are contested in court, changed via legislation, or merely ignored. As complexities multiply, accuracy of management predictions decrease. Managers need tools to examine complex fishery systems which include not only biological and economic concerns, but political, social and behavioral responses to decisions as well. To do this non-technical stakeholders must be able to understand and contribute to decision process in a meaningful way. Rather than striving only for better answers, managers must learn to ask better questions. The system dynamics modeling approach has evolved over the past 40 years into a tool widely used for business and policy analysis. Perhaps the time has come for its wider use in fisheries decision making. Qualitative causal loop diagrams, illustrated here, allow clearer thinking about causal links within a system, and provide a first step toward...
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Translation of FAO Community Forestry Case Study Series 6: Shifting cultivators of Indonesia: marauders or managers of the forest? Rice production and forest use among the Uma’ Jalan of East Kalimantan (1993). The study examines... more
Translation of FAO Community Forestry Case Study Series 6: Shifting cultivators of Indonesia: marauders or managers of the forest? Rice production and forest use among the Uma’ Jalan of East Kalimantan (1993). The study examines longitudinal data from four Uma’ Jalan Kenyah Dayak villages in East Kalimantan in relation to forest management issues. Shifting cultivation, rather than being ignored or rejected by scientists and policy makers, could serve as a model for developing agroforestry technologies that are appropriate for tropical rainforests. The data is used to establish trends in annual area cleared, land and forest preferences, productivity and agricultural constraints. The impacts of environmental, social structural and technological factors, natural disasters and logging on selected aspects of the agroforestry systems are also analysed. Policy issues are studies with respect to population, land use, production and tenure. Concluding policy recommendations include better control of the timber industry, acknowledgement of local people’s claims to their lands, incorporation of indigenous knowledge into agroforestry development efforts, cessation of projects which increase Kalimantan’s population and financial help for Indonesia from the community of nations to help with these efforts
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SUMMARY. Much of the work of illegal logging in Indonesia is carried out by villagers. Several factors determine villagers ’ willingness to Richard G. Dudley is a fisheries and natural resources consultant. During 2002-2003 he was a... more
SUMMARY. Much of the work of illegal logging in Indonesia is carried out by villagers. Several factors determine villagers ’ willingness to Richard G. Dudley is a fisheries and natural resources consultant. During 2002-2003 he was a visiting fellow at Cornell University (E-mail:
Many factors have accelerated deforestation in Indonesia. During the Soeharto era large forest concessions were awarded to friends and family of the president who were able to dictate forest policy while the military and police protected... more
Many factors have accelerated deforestation in Indonesia. During the Soeharto era large forest concessions were awarded to friends and family of the president who were able to dictate forest policy while the military and police protected their interests. Soeharto's fall in 1998 and democratic elections in 1999 led to the hope that equitable and sustainable forest management would be instituted. This has not yet happened. A large government forestry bureaucracy remains, but its limited control of timber harvest declined further. Weakening of central authority allowed local level, illegal, timber harvesting systems to flourish. Central government commitments to reform, especially decentralization aimed at appeasing restive provinces, will likely accelerate illegal logging, especially with continuing economic uncertainty. Investigative field reports from Sumatra and Kalimantan, macro-level studies, plus conversations with stakeholders provided information for developing qualitative...
Many fisheries in developed countries are seriously over-harvested in spite of the efforts of dedicated scientists and management agencies and a concerned public. Many of these fisheries are well studied – lack of data is not the primary... more
Many fisheries in developed countries are seriously over-harvested in spite of the efforts of dedicated scientists and management agencies and a concerned public. Many of these fisheries are well studied – lack of data is not the primary problem. Complexity with the fisheries and management systems conspires to defeat seemingly obvious solutions. System dynamics modeling may help provide solutions via its transparent framework for describing and analyzing the complex decision making systems. In fisheries, such system descriptions often become enmeshed in the many aspects of fish population dynamics and fail to adequately describe decision making activities of fishers, management agencies, and politicians. This paper is an attempt at providing a simple, but acceptably complex, population model meshed with both fishery activities and management decision making. The model is based on the well-known Schaefer biomass dynamic model but allows for delayed entry of young into the fish stock...
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Abstract Tilapia andersoni, T. macrochir and T. rendalli account for a large portion of the 6,000-metric-ton fish catch taken each year from the Kafue floodplain in Zambia. The Kafue Gorge Hydroelectric dam, completed in late 1970,... more
Abstract Tilapia andersoni, T. macrochir and T. rendalli account for a large portion of the 6,000-metric-ton fish catch taken each year from the Kafue floodplain in Zambia. The Kafue Gorge Hydroelectric dam, completed in late 1970, altered the natural flooding regime on ...
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Changes in electrofishing catch rates downstream from Clark Hill Reservoir were only mildly affected by addition of oxygen to the hypolimnion waters prior to discharge in spite of increases in oxygen concentration. Changes in abundance... more
Changes in electrofishing catch rates downstream from Clark Hill Reservoir were only mildly affected by addition of oxygen to the hypolimnion waters prior to discharge in spite of increases in oxygen concentration. Changes in abundance and distribution of six major ...
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Sustainable use of a natural resource ensures that the ecosystem associated with that use will also provide long term environmental services to society. Such services might include the provision of clean water, removal of excess CO2 from... more
Sustainable use of a natural resource ensures that the ecosystem associated with that use will also provide long term environmental services to society. Such services might include the provision of clean water, removal of excess CO2 from the atmosphere, flood protection, pleasant vistas, or enhanced biodiversity. These benefits are becoming less abundant as inappropriate resource uses hasten environmental degradation. In theory, if beneficiaries pay for the environmental services received, and these payments are given to the resource users/owners to reward, or encourage, sustainable resource use, then such sustainable use will be assured. Schemes to implement such arrangements might be able to support conservation programs, and also supplement income of poor farmers and forest dwellers. Such payments are also seen as a means of encouraging better management of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere, by paying for forest practices which can store CO2. How do such systems actually work? Can...
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"Mostly papers related to fisheries and system dynamics modeling of natural resource management systems.
Some selected papers are listed below..."
Some selected papers are listed below..."
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Fishery management complexity conspires to defeat seemingly obvious solutions to overfishing. Management may not adequately include decisions of fishers, management, and politicians. A new, simple, but acceptably complex fish population... more
Fishery management complexity conspires to defeat seemingly obvious solutions to overfishing. Management may not adequately include decisions of fishers, management, and politicians. A new, simple, but acceptably complex fish population model is meshed with both fishery activities and management decision making. The population component is based on the common single stock biomass dynamic model. Modifications allow biomass feedback on rates of addition to the stock due to growth and to entry of young fish. Delayed and seasonal entry of new fish biomass is possible. A co-flow structure tracks age of biomass without using cohorts. Fishers enter the fishery only if catch rates are sufficiently high. When catch rates are low fishers improve their efficiency. Excessive fishing damages ecosystem support of the fish population. Managers attempt to maintain fish stocks at acceptable biomass levels, but lobbying by fishers and varying support of politicians limits their efforts.