"This paper presents the carbon dating results of seven Qurʾān manuscripts and one Syriac Bible (Peshitta) of the National Museum of Iran (NMI) in the context of palaeography of early Qurʾān manuscripts. The carbon age measurements, for... more
"This paper presents the carbon dating results of seven Qurʾān manuscripts and one Syriac Bible (Peshitta) of the National Museum of Iran (NMI) in the context of palaeography of early Qurʾān manuscripts. The carbon age measurements, for the first time obtained from a collection in the Eastern lands of Islam, include results from one manuscript in script style kūfī B, one in kūfī C, and five in kūfī D. Measurements from carbon analysis of the Qurʾāns of the National Museum confirm the relative chronology of script styles in Qurʾānic palaeography. Obtained measurements from the Qurʾāns of NMI, however, give evidence for an early dating of kūfī D script styles. For the intricate question of date, carbon dating provides essential anchor points in chronology, beneficial for a historical understanding of Qurʾāns specifically and manuscripts in general, as the carbon date results of the Syriac Bible of NMI show. Scientific dating is recommended for producing comprehensive catalogues of manuscript collections as it reveals a new perception of Qurʾānic palaeography where chronology remains unexplored."
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zusammen mit T. J. Jocham. S. 188–221. Ed. Andreas Kaplony/Michael Marx. "According to 14C measurements, the four Qurʾān fragments University Library Tübingen Ma VI 165, Berlin State Library We. II 1913 and ms. or. fol. 4313, and... more
zusammen mit T. J. Jocham. S. 188–221. Ed. Andreas Kaplony/Michael Marx. "According to 14C measurements, the four Qurʾān fragments University Library Tübingen Ma VI 165, Berlin State Library We. II 1913 and ms. or. fol. 4313, and University Library Leiden Cod. or. 14.545 b/c are older than had been presumed due to their paleographical characteristics. Within the framework of the joint German-French project Coranica, Qurʾān manuscripts and other texts of Late Antiquity (Syriac Bible manuscripts, Georgian manuscripts, dated Arabic papyri, etc.) have been dated for comparison and turn out to be reliable according to dating by 14C measurement. This article emphasizes the importance of combining 14C measurements with paleographical characteristics and orthography when dating Qurʾān fragments. The archaic spelling that appears within the four fragments (e.g., of the words Dāwūd, ḏū, oršayʾ) demonstrates that Arabic orthography in the text of the Qurʾān was still developing duringthe 7th and 8th centuries. The fact that the long vowel /ā/ was—in the earlymanuscripts—spelled usingwāworyāʾ in the middle of a word, rarely using alif whose original phonetic value is the glottal stop (hamza), led to spellings that are now obsolete. Alongside orthographic and paleographical questions, the large number of fragments in Ḥiǧāzī spelling urges us to reconsider the role that written transmission plays within the textual history of the Qurʾān."
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Edited by: Alessandro Bausi (General editor), Pier Giorgio Borbone, Françoise Briquel-Chatonnet, Paola Buzi, Jost Gippert, Caroline Macé, Marilena Maniaci, Zisis Melissakis, Laura E. Parodi, Witold Witakowski Project editor: Eugenia... more
Edited by: Alessandro Bausi (General editor), Pier Giorgio Borbone, Françoise Briquel-Chatonnet, Paola Buzi, Jost Gippert, Caroline Macé, Marilena Maniaci, Zisis Melissakis, Laura E. Parodi, Witold Witakowski
Project editor: Eugenia Sokolinski
Peer review body: European Science Foundation, Standing Committee for Humanities
Project editor: Eugenia Sokolinski
Peer review body: European Science Foundation, Standing Committee for Humanities
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zusammen mit Tobias J. Jocham. "Radiokarbonmessungen zufolge sind die vier Koranfragmente Ma VI 165 (Tübingen), We II 1913 und ms.or.fol. 4313 (Berlin) und Cod.or. 14.545 b/c (Leiden) älter als man aufgrund paläographischer Merkmale... more
zusammen mit Tobias J. Jocham. "Radiokarbonmessungen zufolge sind die vier Koranfragmente Ma VI 165 (Tübingen), We II 1913 und ms.or.fol. 4313 (Berlin) und Cod.or. 14.545 b/c (Leiden) älter als man aufgrund paläographischer Merkmale annahm. Im Rahmen des deutsch französischen Projektes “Coranica” wurden Koranhandschriften und andere spätantike Texte zum Vergleich (syrische Bibelhandschriften, arabische datierte Papyri u. a.) datiert, welche die 14C-Datierungen als zuverlässig herausstellten. Der Artikel plädiert dafür, die 14C-Messung zusammen mit paläographischen Merkmalen und Orthographie bei der Datierung von Koranfragmenten zu berücksichtigen. In den vier Fragmenten auftretende archaische Schreibungen (z. B. der Wörter Dāwūd, ḏū oder šayʾ) zeigen, dass sich die arabische Orthographie während des 7. Jh. noch entwickelte. Die Schreibung des Langvokals /ā/, der in den frühen Handschriften durch wāw oder yāʾ, aber nur selten durch ʾalif (dessen eigentlicher Lautwert das hamza, der Kehlverschlusslaut, war) in der Wortmitte geschrieben wurde, führte zu inzwischen obsoleten Schreibweisen. Neben orthographischen und paläographischen Einzelfragen hält uns die hohe Zahl von Fragmenten in ḥiǧāzī-Schrift dazu an, die Rolle der schriftlichen Überlieferung bei der Textgeschichte insgesamt zu überdenken."
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S. 271-296, ed. François Déroche, Christian Julien Robin, Michel Zink. "Le Coran est le premier livre arabe attesté dans les dernières décennies du viie siècle (ère chrétienne). Il est intéressant de constater que, selon la tradition... more
S. 271-296, ed. François Déroche, Christian Julien Robin, Michel Zink. "Le Coran est le premier livre arabe attesté dans les dernières décennies du viie siècle (ère chrétienne). Il est intéressant de constater que, selon la tradition musulmane, avant la mort du Prophète (en 632) le texte du Coran, considéré comme le fondement spirituel de la première communauté musulmane, ne circulait pas encore sous forme de codex. C’est seulement après sa mort que des notes et des transcriptions (enregistrées sans doute avec l’aval du Prophète, qui était à partir de 622 le chef politique du premier État musulman) ont été collationnées (selon les informations des sources musulmanes postérieures) pour produire, sur..."
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zusammen mit E. Youssef-Grob, T. Jocham und I. Hajdas.
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S. 253–278. Berlin 2015.
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S. 61–98. Ed. Klaus Spenlen, Düsseldorf
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S. 194-209. Redaktion Ute Franke, Joachim Gierlichs unter Mitwirkung von Sophia Vassilopoulou und Lucia Wagner. "The exhibition presents spectacular artefacts from prehistory and early history, as well as from ancient Saudi Arabia: finds... more
S. 194-209. Redaktion Ute Franke, Joachim Gierlichs unter Mitwirkung von Sophia Vassilopoulou und Lucia Wagner.
"The exhibition presents spectacular artefacts from prehistory and early history, as well as from ancient Saudi Arabia: finds of earliest bifaces, 6000 year-old anthropomorphic stela, monumental egyptianized colossal statues, enchanting works in glass and metal dating from Roman antiquity, as well as objects from the ceramic revolution that took place in the Islamic early period.""The exhibition presents spectacular artefacts from prehistory and early history, as well as from ancient Saudi Arabia: finds of earliest bifaces, 6000 year-old anthropomorphic stela, monumental egyptianized colossal statues, enchanting works in glass and metal dating from Roman antiquity, as well as objects from the ceramic revolution that took place in the Islamic early period."
"The exhibition presents spectacular artefacts from prehistory and early history, as well as from ancient Saudi Arabia: finds of earliest bifaces, 6000 year-old anthropomorphic stela, monumental egyptianized colossal statues, enchanting works in glass and metal dating from Roman antiquity, as well as objects from the ceramic revolution that took place in the Islamic early period.""The exhibition presents spectacular artefacts from prehistory and early history, as well as from ancient Saudi Arabia: finds of earliest bifaces, 6000 year-old anthropomorphic stela, monumental egyptianized colossal statues, enchanting works in glass and metal dating from Roman antiquity, as well as objects from the ceramic revolution that took place in the Islamic early period."
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S. 180-193. Redaktion Ute Franke, Joachim Gierlichs unter Mitwirkung von Sophia Vassilopoulou und Lucia Wagner. "The exhibition presents spectacular artefacts from prehistory and early history, as well as from ancient Saudi Arabia:... more
S. 180-193. Redaktion Ute Franke, Joachim Gierlichs unter Mitwirkung von Sophia Vassilopoulou und Lucia Wagner.
"The exhibition presents spectacular artefacts from prehistory and early history, as well as from ancient Saudi Arabia: finds of earliest bifaces, 6000 year-old anthropomorphic stela, monumental egyptianized colossal statues, enchanting works in glass and metal dating from Roman antiquity, as well as objects from the ceramic revolution that took place in the Islamic early period."
"The exhibition presents spectacular artefacts from prehistory and early history, as well as from ancient Saudi Arabia: finds of earliest bifaces, 6000 year-old anthropomorphic stela, monumental egyptianized colossal statues, enchanting works in glass and metal dating from Roman antiquity, as well as objects from the ceramic revolution that took place in the Islamic early period."
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S. 33–35
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S. 431–454
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S. 533–561. "Two new contributions on Christian intertexts of the Qurʾan give cause to rethink the complex role that the figure of Mary plays in the Qurʾan: Samir Khalil Samir, “The theological Christian influences on the Qurʾan: a... more
S. 533–561. "Two new contributions on Christian intertexts of the Qurʾan give cause to rethink the complex role that the figure of Mary plays in the Qurʾan: Samir Khalil Samir, “The theological Christian influences on the Qurʾan: a reflection,” and Suleiman A. Mourad, “Mary in the Qurʾan: a re-examination of her presentation”. It is a felicitous coincidence that a database of Qurʾanic intertexts, entitled “Texte aus der Umwelt des Korans” (Texts from the Environment of the Qurʾan), is currently being established in the framework of the project Corpus Coranicum at the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences. This offers a welcome basis for a more in-depth examination of some of the questions raised in these papers. For theological issues in the Qurʾan—as highlighted in the title of Samir’s essay—still remain under-researched. Since the theological questions tackled in the Qurʾan form part of the still widely undetermined mass of pluricultural Late Antique debates, any discussion of these questions demands that the Qurʾanic text be contextualized within as broad as possible a spectrum of previously existing traditions. The methods and the individual stages involved in this contextualization procedure also need to be defined. The following contribution begins with a brief summary of the research carried out until now on the figure of Mary in the Qurʾan. In the main part, Suleiman Mourad’s and Samir Khalil Samir’s analyses of the pertinent Qurʾanic texts from Q 19 and Q 3 will be discussed and their methodologies revisited. The results will reveal the need to re-examine Mary’s theological relevance in the Qurʾan itself—a topic addressed in the final section, which focuses on the religious-political and Mariological aspects of the texts. These do not receive an exhaustive treatment in the two papers, since they are primarily concerned with transmission processes. The intention of the present paper, thus, is both to reconsider the Qurʾanic texts and to review previous methods of working with intertexts."
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zusammen mit Tobias J. Jocham, in: Lutz, Petra/Vogel, Klaus (Hg.), Kraftwerk Religion, Dresden 2010, S. 137-144.
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S. 41-54, in: Dirk Hartwig, Walter Homolka, Angelika Neuwirth (Hgg.), Würzburg.
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1386/2007
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S. 112–129
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S. 45-47