Andrea Caroline Ruthes
Swiss Federal Research Station Agroscope, Plant Protection, Department Member
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Biotechnology, Post-DocUniversity of Florida, Entomology and Nematology, Department Memberadd
- noneedit
Structurally different water-insoluble (1→3),(1→6) β-d-glucans were isolated from aqueous and alkaline extracts of the mushroom-forming ascomycete Cookeina tricholoma, a wild edible mushroom found in Brazilian Amazon forest. The... more
Structurally different water-insoluble (1→3),(1→6) β-d-glucans were isolated from aqueous and alkaline extracts of the mushroom-forming ascomycete Cookeina tricholoma, a wild edible mushroom found in Brazilian Amazon forest. The structures showed different substitution patterns, which may influence their extractability and consequently their conformation in solution, and different MW (4.3×10(5)Da, 3.7×10(5)Da and 8.2×10(5)Da, for ICW-Ct, IHW-Ct and IK2-Ct, respectively). The main-chains are composed of (1→3)-linked β-d-Glcp units O-6 substituted by side chains with different lengths of (1→6)-linked β-d-Glcp units (ICW-Ct and IHW-Ct) or by a combination of (1→6)-linked β-d-Glcp units and single units of β-d-Glcp (IK2-Ct). β-d-glucans with similar MW and showing only (1→6)-linked β-d-Glcp units as side chains (ICW-Ct and IHW-Ct) showed significant inhibition of neurogenic pain, 69±11 and 57±11% at the dose of 10mgkg(-1), respectively, in the model of nociception induced by intraplantar injection of formalin.
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... caminhos se afastem. Ao pessoal dos laboratórios 247, E-1 e 252: Caroline, Breno, Dirce e Maria Luiza; Ana Helena, Elaine, Fhernanda, João, Lauro, Rodrigo Vassoler, Roger e Thales; Ricardo, Fernanda e Graciele, entre outros, e àqueles... more
... caminhos se afastem. Ao pessoal dos laboratórios 247, E-1 e 252: Caroline, Breno, Dirce e Maria Luiza; Ana Helena, Elaine, Fhernanda, João, Lauro, Rodrigo Vassoler, Roger e Thales; Ricardo, Fernanda e Graciele, entre outros, e àqueles que já passaram por ...
Mushrooms have been largely studied not only by their d-glucans, but also because they present a class of more complex polymers: the heteropolysaccharides. Heteropolysaccharides show variability on their monosaccharide composition,... more
Mushrooms have been largely studied not only by their d-glucans, but also because they present a class of more complex polymers: the heteropolysaccharides. Heteropolysaccharides show variability on their monosaccharide composition, anomeric configuration, linkage and branching type, besides some of these molecules can present natural methylated monosaccharides and also acid monosaccharides, which enhance the difficulty of the purification and characterization of their structure. As a result of such complexity, mushroom heteropolysaccharides can be considered an interesting source of molecules with medicinal and industrial applications. Consequently a plenty of new researches has been published in the past 12 years about the isolation, chemical characterization and biological activities of heteropolysaccharides from mushrooms, especially from Basidiomycetes. Therefore, this review intends to organize and classify the information described up to now about such polysaccharides obtained from different sources of mushroom-forming fungi, Basidiomycetes, Ascomycetes and Hybrid mushrooms, and provides a brief reflection on how the chemical studies have been carried out.
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Pleurotus ostreatus var. florida known as Hiratake has a high nutritional value, presents medicinal and nutraceutical properties and it is one of the consumed mushrooms in Brazil. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the... more
Pleurotus ostreatus var. florida known as Hiratake has a high nutritional value, presents medicinal and nutraceutical properties and it is one of the consumed mushrooms in Brazil. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the chemical structure of polysaccharides found in mycelial biomass produced by submerged culture of P. ostreatus var. florida in order to compare with those found in P. ostreatus var. florida fruit bodies. Aqueous and alkali extracts obtained from mycelial biomass were purified, 13C NMR, GC-MS and chemical techniques were used to characterize three polysaccharide structures: a mannogalactan (MG-PfM) with α-D-Galp and 3-O-Me-α-D-Galp units, both (1→6)-linked, highly substituted at O-2 by D-Manp, a glycogen-like polymer (GLY-PfM) with α-D-Glp (1→4)-linked main chain, partially substituted at O-6 by α-D-Glcp side chains and a (1→3), (1→6) β-D-glucan (βGLC-PfM) with a main chain of β-D-Glcp (1→3)-linked units, partially substituted at O-6 by side chains of 6-O-s...
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Research Interests: Organic Chemistry, Animal Behavior, Chronic Pain, Glutamate, Mice, and 16 moreAnimals, Spinal Cord, Male, NMDA, Acute Pain, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Nociception, Sciatic Nerve, Food Sciences, Ascomycota, Glutamic Acid, Carbohydrate Polymers, Excitatory Amino Acids, Analgesics, Hyperalgesia, and Motor activity
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Submerged cultures of basidiomycetes can be used to obtain polysaccharides in a shorter time, when compared to the production and extraction process of mushroom fruiting bodies. This encouraged many authors to develop a variety of culture... more
Submerged cultures of basidiomycetes can be used to obtain polysaccharides in a shorter time, when compared to the production and extraction process of mushroom fruiting bodies. This encouraged many authors to develop a variety of culture media to optimize the production of these polymers. In this paper it was observed that the mannans isolated from submerged culture of mushrooms (Ganoderma lucidum and Pleurotus spp.) are very similar to yeast mannan, suggesting that these polymers could have arisen from yeast extract used in the culture media, and were not being produced by the basidiomycetes. Therefore , when yeast extract is used in the culture media in the submerged culture of basidiomycetes, a part of the fraction assumed as EPS is composed of yeast extract polysaccharides.
The chemical structures of polysaccharides present in aposymbiotically cultured myco-and photobionts of the lichen Teloschistes flavicans were determined, in order to compare them with those previously found in the intact thallus. The... more
The chemical structures of polysaccharides present in aposymbiotically cultured myco-and photobionts of the lichen Teloschistes flavicans were determined, in order to compare them with those previously found in the intact thallus. The mycobiont was cultured on a solid Lilly and Barnett medium and the resulting colonies were freeze dried, defatted, and their polysaccharides were extracted successively with 2%, 10% and 30% aq. KOH, each at 100 C. The extracts were neutralized (HOAc) and fractionated, giving rise to three homogeneous fractions, PFSK2 from 2% KOH, which contained a (1 / 4),(1 / 6)-linked a-glucan (1:1 ratio, pullulan), fraction PK10 from 10% KOH extraction, which was a linear (1 / 3)-linked linear b-glucan (laminaran), and fraction PK30 from 30% KOH extraction, being a branched (1 / 3),(1 / 6)-linked b-glucan. The photobiont (Trebouxia sp. de Puymaly) was cultured in liquid nutrient medium, and after purification, a linear (1 / 5)-linked b-galactofuranan was characterized. The galactofuranan and the laminaran were not present in the symbiotic thallus, in contrast to the glucans, showing that the mycobiont alone produces them without participation of the photobiont.
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Two water-soluble polysaccharides of Bellamya purificata named BPS-1and BPS-2 were isolated from the foot muscle of B. purificata, purified by anion-exchange, gel-permeation chromatography and their anti-inflammatory activity was tested.... more
Two water-soluble polysaccharides of Bellamya purificata named BPS-1and BPS-2 were isolated from the foot muscle of B. purificata, purified by anion-exchange, gel-permeation chromatography and their anti-inflammatory activity was tested. They were homogenous with a molecular weight of 7.2×106Da and 8.3×106Da by HPGPC, respectively. BPS-1 was composed of glucose, fucose, arabiinose and xylose with a molar ratio of 99:2:1:1, it has
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Cellular and extracellular polysaccharides of the lichenized fungus Peltigera canina photobiont Nostoc muscorum (UTEX-2493) were evaluated. From EPS a linear (1→4)-linked β-d-xylan was chemically characterized, and because of this and... more
Cellular and extracellular polysaccharides of the lichenized fungus Peltigera canina photobiont Nostoc muscorum (UTEX-2493) were evaluated. From EPS a linear (1→4)-linked β-d-xylan was chemically characterized, and because of this and other findings involving lichenized fungi it could be proposed that this polymer may be typical of photobionts isolated from lichen thalli. From cellular biomass extracts a complex polysaccharide formed mainly
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Fucogalactans from edible Agaricus bisporus (RFP-Ab) and wild Lactarius rufus (RFP-Lr) mushrooms were obtained on aqueous extraction followed by purification. RFP-Ab had Mw 43.8×104gmol−1 and RFP-Lr Mw 1.4×104gmol−1. RFP-Lr had a... more
Fucogalactans from edible Agaricus bisporus (RFP-Ab) and wild Lactarius rufus (RFP-Lr) mushrooms were obtained on aqueous extraction followed by purification. RFP-Ab had Mw 43.8×104gmol−1 and RFP-Lr Mw 1.4×104gmol−1. RFP-Lr had a (1→6)-linked α-d-Galp main-chain partially substituted at O-2 by nonreducing end-units of α-l-Fucp (29%). While RFP-Ab had a similar main chain, it was partially substituted at O-2 by nonreducing end-units