ANIMAL
TESTING
and its
effectiveness Isabela Bravo 11
in improving medicine & healthcare B
CONTENTS OF THIS
PRESENTATION;
01 02 03
ANIMAL
.INTRODUCTIO THE
. ISSUE .TESTING IS
N WITH IT
What is Animal Discuss whether
BENEFICIAL
Why it is beneficial to
Testing? Why do we Animal Testing is healthcare improvements.
use it? beneficial or not in How we can perform tests more
healthcare effectively and safely.
advancements.
04
ANIMAL
05 06
.TESTING IS SOLUTIONS
.CONCLUSION& .BIBLIOGRAPH
NOT Y
S
BENEFICIAL
Why experimenting on
animals does not bring
accurate models of human
diseases.
How we can use alternative
methods to advance in
medicine.
0
WHAT IS
1. ANIMAL
TESTING?
Why do we use it?
ABOUT ANIMAL TESTING
Animal testing studies diseases and ensures
human safety from developed products and
medicines by experimenting on animals.
It was required as an essential criterion for the
approval of new medicines by the U.S. Food and
Drug Administration. The decision of whether
such products will be used is decided based on
the results of such experiments.
0 WHAT IS
2.
THE ISSUE WITH
IT?
Discussion of whether it is beneficial or
not in terms of advancements in
medicine.
IS IT
GOOD OR
BAD?
0
ANIMAL TESTING
3. HEALTHCARE
IS BENEFICIAL TO
Animal testing has allowed the cure and
solutions of many diseases and has helped
to ensure the safety of patients during
surgery by preventing fatal errors.
PENICILLIN NUTRITION
PSYCHOACT
IVE DRUGS SUPPLEME
NTS
COVID-19 BLOOD
VACCINES PRESSURE
PAIN DRUGS
RELIEVERS IMPLANTS
SURGICAL AND MEDICAL
PROCEDUR DEVICES
HIV
ES
TREATMENT
How Have Animals
Contributed to
Improving Human
Health?
Tuberculosis was one of the
deadliest diseases in the US in 1870.
Today the deadliest are heart disease
and cancer.
While better nutrition and sanitation
were a factor, animal research was
the main cause of the decrease in
such diseases.
“Virtually every advance in medical science
in the 20th century, from antibiotics and
vaccines to antidepressant drugs and organ
transplants, has been achieved either
directly or indirectly through the use of
animals in laboratory experiments.”
—American Medical
Association
Progress in Heart
Surgery:
• by 1930 pumps were developed to
circulate blood by using animal
research.
• In 1953, the first operation using a
heart-lung machine was performed
• Now, 80 per cent of infants born
with heart issues can be treated
surgically and lead normal lives.
04 ANIMAL
TESTING
. IS NOT
BENEFICIAL TO
HEALTHCARE
Animal testing is not necessary in
medicine because it does not provide
accurate models of human disease.
Animal Testing : LACKS
VALUE FOR
UNRELIABLE HEALTH
HARM HUMANS
OUTCOME
S
Problems Associated with Animal
Testing:
No effect on medical
● Moreprogress:
than 93% of
experimental cancer drugs According to a report in the
failed in the first phase of British newspaper The
human clinical trials after Independent, “testing HIV
testing “successfully” on vaccines on monkeys
animals.
before they are used on
● At least 85 HIV/AIDS vaccines humans, does not in fact
have been successful in work.”
animals, but they failed to
protect humans.
Potential for human
harm:
● Almost 90 per cent of drugs
tested in animals are not safe
for human use.
● Late negative reactions to
toxicity in the animal subject
can also affect human safety.
05
POSSIBLE
. SOLUTIONS
CONCLUSION
&
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Alternative, non
animal research Human Volunteers;
methods; • Brain imaging
• Computer simulations
• Human tissues
• In vitro testing
• Testing small amounts on human
• Human-patient simulators
volunteers.
CONCLUSIONS
AGAINST: IN FAVOR:
Animal testing has
Animal testing doesn’t assisted in the creation
bring human-accurate of many medications,
and safe results. vaccines and new
surgery methods.
BIBLIOGRAP
HY:
• Casey Shook, 2022, Reevaluating the Practice of Animal Testing in Biomedical
Research, American Bar Association.
• National Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Medicine, 1991, Science,
Medicine, And Animals, National Academies.
• Stefane Kabene & Said Baadel, 2019, Bioethics: a look at animal testing in
medicine and cosmetics in the UK, National Library of Medicine.
• Gail A. Van Norman MD, 2019, Limitations of Animal Studies for Predicting Toxicity
in Clinical Trials: Is it Time to Rethink Our Current Approach?, Science Direct.
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FOR
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