https://www.crueltyfreeinternational.

org/why-we-do-it/types-animal-testing

WHAT IS ANIMAL TESTING ????

An animal test is any scientific experiment or test in which a live animal

is forced to undergo something that is likely to cause them pain,
suffering, distress or lasting harm.

Animal experiments are not the same as taking your companion animal
to the vet. Animals used in laboratories are deliberately harmed, not for
their own good, and are usually killed at the end of the experiment.
Why do we need animal testing??

http://www.animalresearch.info/en/designing-research/why-animals-are-used/

*** (The polio vaccine was developed, and its safety is still tested, in monkeys.)

 Albert Sabin, who developed the Polio vaccine said, "Without animal research, polio would still be
claiming thousands of lives each year.”

Types of animal testing

( from slide )

TYPES OF ANIMALS


Chimpanzees


 Nonhuman Primates

Dogs


 Cats

Rabbits


 Guinea Pigs and Hamsters

Mice and Rats


 Birds

Farmed Animals


 Fish

Facts and FIGURES

 ##Research by Cruelty Free International and the Dr Hadwen

Trust suggests that at least 115 million animals may be used in
experiments worldwide each year.
The Journal of the American Medical Association
Each year, more than 100 million animals—including mice, rats, frogs, dogs, cats, rabbits,
hamsters, guinea pigs, monkeys, fish, and birds—are killed in U.S.

According to UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ….

Animals Used in Research 2014/2015

TYPE OF ANIMAL NUMBER USED IN 2014 NUMBER USED IN 2015
Guinea Pigs 169,528 172,864

Hamsters 121,930 98,420

Rabbits 150,344 138,348
Dogs 59,358 61,101
Nonhuman Primates 57,735 61,950

Pigs 45,392 46,477

Sheep 10,315 10,678
Other Farm Animals 27,393 27,786

Cats 21,083 19,932

All Other Animals 171,375 130,066
TOTAL ANIMALS USED 834,453 767,622

ANOTHER RESEARCH BY
Type of vertebrate used in Europe in 2005

Argument against animal tessting

Animal experiments are cruel, unreliable,
and even dangerous
It is not surprising to find that treatments showing ‘promise’ in animals
rarely work in humans. Not only are time, money and animals’ lives
being wasted (with a huge amount of suffering), but effective treatments
are being mistakenly discarded and harmful treatments are getting
through

 Despite the use of over 115 million animals in experiments globally

each year, on average only 25 new medicines are approved
 annually by the leading drug regulator, the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration. Many of these are for rare diseases.
 The US drug industry invests $50 billion per year in research,

Dangerous animal testing

 Vioxx, a drug used to treat arthritis, was found to be safe when
tested in monkeys (and five other animal species) but has been
estimated to have caused around 320,000 heart attacks and
strokes and 140,000 deaths worldwide.

Alternative methods
Alternatives to animal tests are often cheaper,
quicker and more effective

Replacing animal
tests does not mean putting human patients at risk. It also does not
mean halting medical progress. Instead, replacing animal testing will
improve the quality as well as the humaneness of our science.
Types of alternatives
Cell cultures
Almost every type of human and animal cell can be grown in the
laboratory.

Human cells have been used to create innovative little devices called
‘organs-on-chips’. These can be used instead of animals to study
biological and disease processes, as well as drug metabolism

Computer models
With the growing sophistication of computers, the ability to ‘model’ or
replicate aspects of the human body is ever more possible.

Computer models of the heart, lungs, kidneys, skin, digestive and

musculoskeletal systems already exist. They can be used to conduct
virtual experiments based on existing information and mathematical
data.

What can you do

Millions of animals are suffering in animal tests around the
world right now. They urgently need our help. You can
make a difference
Donate
Make a gift to animals worldwide.

Raise money for animals

Be a hero for animals by fundraising.

Pledge a legacy to help animals long into the future.

Organisations
Work with us. Get Leaping Bunny certified and show you care.

Right now, millions of mice, rats, rabbits, primates, cats, dogs, and other animals are
locked inside barren cages in laboratories across the country. They languish in pain,
suffer from extreme frustration, ache with loneliness, and long to be free.

Instead, all they can do is sit and wait in fear of the next terrifying and painful
procedure that will be performed on them. The complete lack of environmental
enrichment and the stress of their living situation cause some animals to develop
neurotic types of behavior such as incessantly spinning in circles, rocking back and
forth, pulling out their own fur, and even biting themselves. They shake and cower in
fear whenever someone approaches, and their blood pressure spikes dramatically. After
enduring a life of pain, loneliness, and terror, almost all of them will be killed.

There are many non-animal test methods that can be used in place of tests on animals.
Not only are these non-animal tests more humane, they also have the potential to be
cheaper, faster, and more relevant to humans.

While some of the experimentation conducted on animals today is required by law, most
of it is not. In fact, a number of countries have implemented bans on the testing of
certain types of products on animals, such as the cosmetics testing bans in the
European Union, India, and Israel.

Millions of Animals Suffer and Die in Testing, Training, and Other Experiments

More than 100 million animals suffer and die in the U.S. every year in cruel chemical,
drug, food, and cosmetics tests as well as in medical training exercises and curiosity-
driven medical experiments at universities. Animals also suffer and die
in classroom biology experiments and dissection, even though modern non-animal
tests have repeatedly been shown to have more educational value, save teachers time,
and save schools money. Exact numbers aren’t available because mice, rats, birds, and
cold-blooded animals—who make up more than 99 percent of animals used in
experiments—are not covered by even the minimal protections of the Animal Welfare
Act and therefore go uncounted.

Examples of animal tests include forcing mice and rats to inhale toxic fumes, force-
feeding dogs pesticides, and dripping corrosive chemicals into rabbits’ sensitive eyes.
Even if a product harms animals, it can still be marketed to consumers. Conversely, just
because a product was shown to be safe in animals does not guarantee that it will be
safe to use in humans.

Taxpayer and Health Charities’ Dollars Fund Experiments on Animals

Animals are also used in toxicity tests conducted as part of massive regulatory
testing programs that are often funded by U.S. taxpayers’ money. The Environmental
Protection Agency, the Food and Drug Administration, the National Toxicology Program,
and the U.S. Department of Agriculture are just a few of the government agencies that
subject animals to crude, painful tests.

The federal government and many health charities waste precious dollars from
taxpayers and generous donors on animal experiments at universities and private
laboratories instead of on promising clinical, in vitro, epidemiological, and other non-
animal studies that are actually relevant to humans.
What You Can Do

Each of us can help prevent animal suffering and deaths by buying cruelty-free
products, donating only to charities that don’t experiment on animals, requesting
alternatives to animal dissection, demanding the immediate implementation of humane,
effective non-animal tests by government agencies and corporations, and calling on our
alma maters to stop experimenting on animals.

With the help of our members and supporters, PETA campaigns globally to expose and
end the use of animals in experiments. Some of our efforts include the following:

 Groundbreaking undercover work and colorful advocacy campaigns to educate the

public
 Pushing government agencies to stop funding and conducting experiments on
animals
 Encouraging pharmaceutical, chemical, and consumer product companies to replace
tests on animals with more effective non-animal methods
 Helping students and teachers end dissection in the classroom
 Funding humane non-animal research
 Publishing scientific papers on the superiority of non-animal test methods
 Urging health charities not to invest in dead-end tests on animals
This multifaceted approach yields scores of victories for animals imprisoned in
laboratories every year.

Browse cruelty-free companies and products.

ALTERNATIVE TO ANIMAL TESTING

Today—because experiments on animals are cruel, expensive, and generally

inapplicable to humans—the world’s most forward-thinking scientists have moved on to
develop and use methods for studying diseases and testing products that replace
animals and are actually relevant to human health. These modern methods include
sophisticated tests using human cells and tissues (also known as in vitro methods),
advanced computer-modeling techniques (often referred to as in silico models), and
studies with human volunteers. These and other non-animal methods are not hindered
by species differences that make applying animal test results to humans difficult or
impossible, and they usually take less time and money to complete.

PETA and its affiliates fund the development of many of these non-animal
methods, vigorously promote their use to governments and companies around the
world, and publish research on their superiority to traditional animal tests.
Here are just a few examples of the range of state-of-the-art non-animal research
methods available and their demonstrated benefits:

http://www.animalresearch.info/en/designing-research/why-
animals-are-used/
https://www.crueltyfreeinternational.org
http://aavs.org/alternatives/research