INDUSTRIES & MARKETS

E-waste in India
 Table of Contents

01 Overview 04 Recycle
Global electronics recycling market size 2020-2030 03 Recycling rate of e-waste generated in India FY 2018-2022 21
Global e-waste generation 2019, by major country 04 Share of recycled WEEE in India 2023, by sector 22
Electronic waste traded worldwide 2019, by region and type 05 Number of e-waste recyclers in India 2023, by capacity 23
E-waste collection and recycling rates worldwide 2019, by region 06 Share of total e-waste recycling capacity in India 2023, by recycler type 24
E-waste management market size in Asia-Pacific region 2020-2021 07 Recycling capacity of e-waste in India 2023, by state 25
Number of authorized recyclers of e-waste in India 2023, by state 26
02 Generation
Volume of e-waste generated in India FY 2018-2022 09
Lithium-ion battery waste in India 2021, by source 10
Electronics market value India FY 2017-2026 11
Most used consumer electronics in India 2023 12
Smartphone shipments volume India 2011-2022 13
Electric vehicle sales in India FY 2023, by type 14

03 Collection
Volume of e-waste collected and processed in India FY 2018-2022 16
Share of collected WEEE in India 2023, by sector 17
Volume of e-waste collected and processed in India FY 2022, by state 18
Collection target of e-waste generated in India FY 2018-2024 19

1
CHAPTER 01

Overview
 Size of the global electronics recycling market from 2020 to 2030 (in billion U.S.
dollars)
Global electronics recycling market size 2020-2030

120
110.6

100 95.22
Market size in billion U.S. dollars

83.82
80 73.78
64.95

60 57.17
50.33
44.3
36.6 38.9
40
32.5

20

0
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030

3 Description: Between 2022 and 2030, the global electronics market size is forecast to increase considerably. Indeed, in 2022, the size of this market amounted to roughly 40 billion U.S. dollars and is forecast to reach a value of 110.6 billion U.S. dollars by 2030,
growing at a compound annual growth rate of 13.6 percent. Read more
Note(s): Worldwide; 2020 to 2022
Source(s): Research and Markets; Statista
 Leading countries based on generation of electronic waste worldwide in 2019 (in
1,000 metric tons)
Global e-waste generation 2019, by major country

Volume of waste in thousand metric tons

0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000

China 10,129

United States 6,918

India 3,230

Japan 2,569

Brazil 2,143

Russia 1,631

Indonesia 1,618

Germany 1,607

United Kingdom 1,598

France 1,362

4 Description: China is the largest producer of electronic waste worldwide, generating more than 10 million metric tons worth in 2019. This was followed by the United States where roughly seven million metric tons was produced. Global electronic waste generation
amounted to approximately 54 million metric tons in 2019 and is expected to increase further in the coming years. Read more
Note(s): Worldwide; 2019
Source(s): United Nations University
 Estimated transboundary movements of used electrical and electronic equipment
in 2019, by region and type (in 1,000 metric tons)
Electronic waste traded worldwide 2019, by region and type

Controlled exports Uncontrolled exports Controlled imports Uncontrolled imports

2,000
1,814
1,800

1,600
1,463
Trade in thousand metric tons

1,400 1,290
1,200
1,074 1,075
1,000

800
629 619
600 559 527
388
400 305

200 159
89 113
19 19 12 10 0 0
0
Asia Europe Americas Africa Oceania

5 Description: An estimated 5.1 million metric tons of electronic waste were shipped worldwide in 2019. Europe exported some 1.8 million metric tons worth of e-waste that year, and imported 1.2 million metric tons, making it a net exporter. Of the total
transboundary movement of e-waste between countries, only 1.8 million metric tons were shipped in a controlled manner, with the remaining quantities shipped uncontrolled, such as by mixing e-waste with other legal shipments. Read more
Note(s): Worldwide; 2019
Source(s): United Nations Institute for Training and Research
 Share of electronic waste documented to be collected and properly recycled
worldwide in 2019, by region
E-waste collection and recycling rates worldwide 2019, by region

E-waste collection and recycling rate

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45%

Europe 42.5%

Asia 11.7%

Americas 9.4%

Oceania 8.8%

Africa 0.9%

World 17.4%

6 Description: Just 17.4 percent of electronic waste was documented to be collected and properly recycled worldwide in 2019. Europe had by far the highest collection and recycling rate at 42.5 percent. However, many European countries export e-waste - often
illegally - to developing countries. Several of these countries are in Africa, where the recycling rate of e-waste was just 0.9 percent in 2019. The Agbogbloshie dump located in the West African nation of Ghana is one of the world's largest e-waste [...] Read more
Note(s): Worldwide; 2019
Source(s): United Nations University
 Asia-Pacific electronic waste management market size in 2020 and 2021 (in million
tons)
E-waste management market size in Asia-Pacific region 2020-2021

25

21.4 21.76

20
Market size in million tons

15

10

0
2020 2021

7 Description: The Asia-Pacific region's e-waste management market size increased 1.7 percent in 2021 to 21.76 million tons. This accounted for almost half the global e-waste management market size in 2021. E-waste management continues to grow in importance
worldwide as the use of electronics increases, with the average person producing more than seven kilograms of e-waste a year. Read more
Note(s): APAC; 2020 to 2021
Source(s): Fortune Business Insights
CHAPTER 02

Generation
 Volume of e-waste generated in India from financial year 2018 to 2022 (in 1,000
metric tons)
Volume of e-waste generated in India FY 2018-2022

1,800
1,601.16
1,600

1,400 1,346.5
E-waste in thousand metric tons

1,200
1,014.96
1,000

771.22
800 708.45

600

400

200

0
FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022

9 Description: In the financial year 2022, more than 1.6 million metric tons of e-waste was generated in India. The volume was more than doubled in comparison with 2018. During 2022, India had collectively collected and processed 527 thousand metric tons of e-
waste. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2018 to FY 2022
Source(s): MoEFCC (India); PIB
 Share of lithium-ion battery waste in India in 2021, by source
Lithium-ion battery waste in India 2021, by source

EVs 15%

Consumer electronics
24%

Stationary applications
61%

10 Description: In 2021, the majority of Lithium-ion battery waste generated in India was from stationary applications. On the other hand, electric vehicles produced 15 percent of the Li-ion battery waste. Li-ion battery is the most common type of battery for electric
vehicles. Read more
Note(s): India; 2021
Source(s): Global Green Economic Foundation; NITI Aayog
 Market value of electronics in India from financial year 2017 to 2022, with estimates
until 2026 (in billion Indian rupees)
Electronics market value India FY 2017-2026

20,000
17,902
18,000

16,000
Market value in billion Indian rupees

14,629
14,000
12,256
12,000
10,564
10,000 9,263

8,000 6,944 7,281

6,561
6,000 5,568
4,564
4,000

2,000

0
FY 2017 FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022 FY 2023* FY 2024* FY 2025* FY 2026*

11 Description: In financial year 2022, the market value of electronics across India was over nine trillion Indian rupees. This market value was estimated to increase to over 17 trillion Indian rupees by financial year 2026. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2017 to FY 2022; *Estimated values. India's financial year begins in April and ends in March. For example, FY 2020 started in April 2019 and ended in March 2020. One Indian rupee is equal to 0.011 euros and 0.012 U.S. dollars (as [...] Read more
Source(s): Bharat FIH; Frost & Sullivan; MeitY (India)
 Most used consumer electronics in India as of December 2023
Most used consumer electronics in India 2023

Share of respondents
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Smartphone 99%

Headphones 74%

Wearables (e.g., smart watch, health / fitness tracker) 48%

Tablet 42%

eReader 14%

None of the above 0%

12 Description: 99 percent of Indian respondents answer our survey on "Most used consumer electronics" with "Smartphone". The survey was conducted in 2023, among 4,034 consumers. Read more
Note(s): India; January to December 2146; 4034 respondents; 18-54 years
Source(s): Statista Consumer Insights
 Volume of smartphone shipments across India from 2011 to 2022 (in millions)
Smartphone shipments volume India 2011-2022

180
160.7
160 152.5 149.7
144.3
137.2
140
124.9
Shipments volume in millions

120
108
102
100

79.5
80

60
42.5
40

14.5 17.5
20

0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

13 Description: In 2022, the volume of smartphone shipments across India was around 144.3 million, down from about 160.7 million in the previous year. The year-over-year change rate was negative 10.2 percent. 5G smartphones shipments crossed 50 million in
2022; it was estimated that in 2023, 5G devices would account for around 60 percent of all the country`s smartphone shipments. Read more
Note(s): India; 2011 to 2022
Source(s): IDC
 Sales of electric vehicles across India in financial year 2023, by type (in 1,000s)
Electric vehicle sales in India FY 2023, by type

900

800

700

600
Sales in thousand units

500

400

300

200

100

0
Two-wheelers Three-wheelers Four-wheelers Buses

14 Description: In the financial year of 2023, two-wheelers led the electric vehicle market in India, with sales reaching approximately 782 thousand units. This represented a substantial growth compared to the sales figures from the previous year. Meanwhile, the
sales of four-wheeler electric vehicles stood at around 54.3 thousand for the same period. Notably, all sectors of the electric vehicle market witnessed significant growth that year. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2023
Source(s): ETAuto; JMK Research & Analytics; Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (India)
CHAPTER 03

Collection
 Volume of e-waste collected, dismantled, and recycled or disposed in India from
financial year 2018 to 2022 (in 1,000 metric tons)
Volume of e-waste collected and processed in India FY 2018-2022

600

527.13

500

400
in thousand metric tons

354.29

300

224.04
200
164.66

100 69.41

0
FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022

16 Description: In the financial year 2022, around 527 thousand metric tons of e-wasted were collected and processed in India. It was a significant increase in comparison with the previous year. In the same year, more than 1.6 million metric tons of e-waste was
generated in the country. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2018 to FY 2022
Source(s): Central Pollution Control Board; The Hindu
 Share of collected waste electrical and electronic equipment in 2023, by sector
Share of collected WEEE in India 2023, by sector

Formal sector 10%

Informal sector 90%

17 Description: As of the year 2023, the majority of the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) was collected through the informal sector in India. The rest was conducted by the formal sector. During the same period, about eight percent of the recycled
WEEE had been mismanaged, ending up in nature or in landfills, creating an environmental hazard. Read more
Note(s): India; 2023
Source(s): ICEA
 Volume of e-waste collected and processed in India in financial year 2022, by state
(in metric tons)
Volume of e-waste collected and processed in India FY 2022, by state

E-waste in metric tons

0 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000
Haryana 245,015.82

51,541.12

Telangana 42,297.68

39,150.63

Tamil Nadu 31,143.21

30,569.32

Punjab 28,375.27

27,998.77

Maharashtra 18,559.3

4,167.9

Delhi 2,130.79

2,021.19

Kerala 1,249.61

561.61

Madhya Pradesh 553.59

18 Description: In the financial year 2022, Haryana collected and processed the most electronic waste in India at 245 thousand metric tons. It was followed by Uttarakhand at 51.5 thousand metric tons of e-waste. During the same year, India had collectively collected
and processed 527 thousand metric tons of e-waste. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2022
Source(s): MoEFCC (India); PIB
 Collection target of e-waste generated in India from financial year 2018 to 2024
Collection target of e-waste generated in India FY 2018-2024

80%

70%
70%

60%
60%
Percentage of e-waste generated

50%
50%

40%
40%

30%
30%

20%
20%

10%
10%

0%
FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022 FY 2023 FY 2024*

19 Description: From financial year 2024 onwards, the collection target of e-waste generated in India has been set to 70 percent by the Indian government. Since 2018, the collection target has been increased by 10 percent every year. By 2022, India had collectively
collected and processed 527 thousand metric tons of e-waste. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2022; Based on weight; *onwards India's financial year begins in April and ends in March. For example, FY 2022 started in April 2021 and ended in March 2022. Read more
Source(s): MoEFCC (India); PIB
CHAPTER 04

Recycle
 Recycling rate of electronic waste generated in India from financial year 2018 to
2022
Recycling rate of e-waste generated in India FY 2018-2022

35%
32.9%

30%
26.33%
25%
22.07%
21.35%
Share of e-waste

20%

15%

9.79%
10%

5%

0%
FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022

21 Description: In financial year 2023, around 33 percent of all electronic waste generated in India was recycled. It was a huge increase in comparison with 2018. However, it was still lower than the target set by the government. During the same year, there were
around 1.6 million metric tons of e-waste generated in the country. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2018 to FY 2022
Source(s): MoEFCC (India); The Indian Express
 Share of recycled waste electrical and electronic equipment in 2023, by sector
Share of recycled WEEE in India 2023, by sector

Mismanaged* 8%

Formal sector 22%

Informal sector 70%

22 Description: As of the year 2023, the majority of the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) was recycled through the informal sector in India. And eight percent of the WEEE had been mismanaged, ending up in nature or in landfills, creating an
environmental hazard. Read more
Note(s): India; 2023; *leaked into nature or ended up in landfill. Specific date of survey was not mentioned by the source. Read more
Source(s): ICEA
 Number of e-waste recyclers in India in 2023, by capacity
Number of e-waste recyclers in India 2023, by capacity

300
274

250

200
Number of recyclers

150

100 89
65

50
30

0
Below 1,000 metric tons per year 2,500 to 10,000 metric tons per 1,000 to 2,500 metric tons per More than 10,000 metric tons per
year year year

23 Description: As of the year 2023, among all the authorized e-waste recyclers in India, the majority had a recycling capacity under 1,000 metric tons per year. During the same period, the majority of the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) was collected
through the informal sector in the country. Read more
Note(s): India; 2023
Source(s): Central Pollution Control Board; ICEA
 Share of total e-waste recycling capacity in India in 2023, by recycler type
Share of total e-waste recycling capacity in India 2023, by recycler type

60%

50% 48.2%
Share of recycling capacity

40%
36.3%

30%

20%

10% 7.4% 7.4%

0%
Recycling capacity over 10,000 Recycling capacity from 2,500 to Recycling capacity from 1,000 to Recycling capacity below 1,000
metric tons per year 10,000 metric tons per year 2,500 metric tons per year metric tons per year

24 Description: As of the year 2023, close to half of the total e-waste recycling capacity in India was from recyclers with capacity over 10 thousand metric tons per year. During the same period, the majority of the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) was
collected through the informal sector in the country. Read more
Note(s): India; 2023
Source(s): Central Pollution Control Board; ICEA
 Recycling capacity of e-waste in India as of June 2023, by state (in metric tons per
year)
Recycling capacity of e-waste in India 2023, by state

Recycling capacity in metric tons per year

0 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 600,000 700,000
Uttar Pradesh
Gujarat
Haryana
Uttarakhand
Telangana
Tamil Nadu
Karnataka
Maharashtra
Rajasthan
Andhra Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
Punjab
Orissa
Chhattisgarh
West Bengal

25 Description: As of June 2023, Uttar Pradesh had the biggest recycling capacity of e-waste, at 624.2 thousand metric tons per year. However, Maharashtra had the highest number of authorized e-waste dismantlers and recyclers in India at 140. Overall, the e-waste
recycling capacity authorized under E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2026 was at around 1.8 million metric tons per year in the country during the same period. Read more
Note(s): India; as of June 8, 2023; authorization issued by SPCBs or PCCs under E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2026
Source(s): Central Pollution Control Board
 Number of authorized dismantlers and recyclers of e-waste in India as of June
2023, by state
Number of authorized recyclers of e-waste in India 2023, by state

Number of authorized dismantlers and recyclers

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Maharashtra
Uttar Pradesh
Karnataka
Haryana
Tamil Nadu
Gujarat
Rajasthan
Telangana
Andhra Pradesh
Punjab
Uttarakhand
Orissa
Delhi
West Bengal
Jammu & Kashmir

26 Description: As of June 2023, Maharashtra had the highest number of authorized e-waste dismantlers and recyclers in India at 140. However, Uttar Pradesh had the biggest recycling capacity of e-waste, at 624.2 thousand metric tons per year. Overall, the number
of e-waste dismantler and recycler authorized under E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2026 was at 569 in the country during the same period. Read more
Note(s): India; as of June 8, 2023; authorization issued by SPCBs or PCCs under E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2026
Source(s): Central Pollution Control Board
 Sources

Bharat FIH
Central Pollution Control Board
ETAuto
Fortune Business Insights
Frost & Sullivan
Global Green Economic Foundation
ICEA
IDC
JMK Research & Analytics
MeitY (India)
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (India)
MoEFCC (India)
NITI Aayog
PIB
Research and Markets
Statista
Statista Consumer Insights
The Hindu
The Indian Express
United Nations Institute for Training and Research
United Nations University

27