Safety and First Aid
Accident
An unexpected event that results in
damage or harm
Accidental Injuries
Injuries caused by unexpected events
Accident Chain
A sequence of events that often leads to
an accidental injury
Elements of an Accident
For an accident to occur, three elements
must be present
The Situation
The Unsafe Habit
The Unsafe Act
First Aid
The care given to an injured or ill person
until regular medical care can be supplied.
The Three C’s
1. CHECK the Scene and Victim
Make sure the area is safe for you and the
victim
Move the victim only if they are in danger
The Three C’s
2. CALL for Help
Call local EMS (Emergency Medical
Service)
The Three C’s
3. CARE for the person until help arrives
Use first aid techniques to treat the victim until help
arrives.
Life-Threatening Emergencies
1. The person has stopped breathing
2. The person has no heartbeat
3. The person is bleeding severely
4. The person is choking
5. The person has swallowed poison
6. The person has been severely burned
First Aid for Severe Bleeding
Wear gloves if possible and wash your
hands after
Sit or lay the victim down
Elevate the wound above the heart
Apply direct pressure with a clean cloth
Wrap the wound
Apply pressure to the artery
Get them professional treatment
First Aid for Choking
Know universal sign for choking
Ask “are you choking”
First Aid for Choking
Use abdominal thrusts- upward pulls into
the diaphragm to force out the object
blocking the airway.
First Aid for Choking
For an infant you will give them 5 back
blows and five chest compressions. Using
fingertips on breastbone
If they become unconscious call EMS
First Aid for Poisoning
Call EMS
First Aid for Burns
Kinds of Burns
First Degree
Burn in which only the
outer part of the skin is
burned and turns red
Treatment-Cool the
burned area with cold
water (15 min.) and cover
with a clean dry dressing.
First Aid for Burns
Second Degree
A serious burn in which
the damaged area
blisters or peels.
Treatment-Cool the
burned area with cold
water (15 min.) and
elevate. Wrap loosely
with clean dry dressing.
DO NOT POP
BLISTERS!
First Aid for Burns
Third Degree
A very serious burn in
which deep layers of
skin and nerve
endings are
damaged.
Treatment-Cool the
burned area with cold
water as best as you
can. Call EMS
immediately.
First Aid for Breaks
Fracture- Break in a bone
Ask questions- did you hear a snap or
does it hurt when touched.
If you suspect a break call EMS do not
attempt to move them.
First Aid for Sprains
Sprain- when a joint is stretched or twisted
causing damage to the tendons and
ligaments
Use the R.I.C.E. method
Rest. Ice. Compression. Elevation.
Rescue Breathing
A substitute for normal breathing in which
someone forces air into the victim’s lungs.
1. Listen close to the victim’s nose and mouth
2. Tilt the head back to open the airway
Rescue Breathing
3. Pinch the nose shut and give two slow
breaths. The chest should rise with each
breath
4. If the victim begins to breath normally stop
