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Judgment and Proposition

A judgment is a mental act that affirms or denies something, and when expressed becomes a proposition. A proposition is a sentence that affirms or denies something and can be either true or false. While propositions are typically expressed through declarative sentences, they can also be expressed through interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory sentences depending on their function of being informative, expressive, or directive.

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122 views7 pages

Judgment and Proposition

A judgment is a mental act that affirms or denies something, and when expressed becomes a proposition. A proposition is a sentence that affirms or denies something and can be either true or false. While propositions are typically expressed through declarative sentences, they can also be expressed through interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory sentences depending on their function of being informative, expressive, or directive.

Uploaded by

Jeanette Formentera
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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JUDGMENT AND PROPOSITION

JUDGMENT
• Judgment is a mental act which affirms or denies something. It
produces a mental proposition or, if expressed, becomes an oral or
written proposition.
 

PROPOSITION
• Proposition is a sentence which affirms or denies something
 

LOGICAL STATEMENT
• A Logical Statement or a proposition is a sentence that assert of denies
something and could either be true or false.
 
Example:
This is a dog - (An affirmation (true)
This is not a dog - (a denial (but false)
PROPOSITION

PROPOSITION
• Proposition is a sentence which
affirms or denies something
A statement of facts is embodied in a DECLARATIVE SENTENCE. There are
three other types of sentences: INTERROGATIVE, IMPERATIVE and
EXCLAMATORY. Regardless of type, a sentence expresses a complete
thought.
 
DECLARATIVE SENTENCE - a statement of fact
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE - ask questions
IMPERATIVE SENTENCE - makes a request
EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE - expresses a strong feelings
 
There must be a clear distinction between FORM and FUNCTION of a
proposition
 
FORM
-(Declarative, interrogative, imperative and
exclamatory)

FUNCTION
-(informative, expressive and directive)
A PROPOSITION is expressed by a DECLARTIVE SENTENCE for it denies or
asserts something.
 
 Not every DECLARATIVE sentence seeks to inform. Some are ceremonial
and expressive as with gratitude and expressive utterance.
 
Example:
-I enjoy your song recital very much
-I had a delightful weekend in your Baguio house
 
 Some grammatical constructions which look like interrogative,
imperative and exclamatory are in reality assertions or denial.
 
Example:

1. How can we be expected to study in such a tense atmosphere?


 
(This is an interrogative sentence but the function to inform us
about an inconvenient place to study)
 
2. What a beautiful poem!
 
(It expressed an appreciation but it also informs us that the poem
is beautiful)
 
3. Come again
 
(it states a command but at the same time informs us that once
again (for parties to be) we are very much welcome.)
 
According to Aristotle:
A PROPOSITION (logical statement) is a sentence
that could either be true of false."
ACTIVITY NO 1: PROPOSITION vs. NOT A PROPOSITION

P 1. Peter is a man.
NP 2. Just do it.
NP 3. Where in the world is Carmen San
Diego?
P 4. Peter is not a man.
P 5. There were three thousand purple
ducks found on Mars.
P 6. Barney (the purple dinosaur) is a man.
NP 7. Oh wow.
NP 8. Hello!
P 9. All dogs go to heaven. 
P 10. No purple dinosaurs go to heaven.

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