EXILE, TRIAL, DEATH

OF
DR. JOSE P. RIZAL
1861-1896
 EXILE
ARREST AND THE DECREE DEPORTATION
HOTEL DE ORIENTE
“POBRES FRAILES”(POOR FRIARS)
RAMON DESPUJOL(NEPHEW OF RIZAL)
ARCHBISHOP NOZALEDA
JULY 7, 1892 AT GACETA DE MANILA
 TWO NOVELS: ANTI-CATHOLIC AND ANT-CLERIC
GOMBURZA
FATHER ANTONIO OBACH
FORT SANTIAGO
INCOMMUNICADO(EIGHT DAYS)
 BOUND TO DAPITAN
JULY 14, 1892 10:00 IN THE EVENING(TO LEAVE FORT SANTIAGO)
FERRYBOAT “CEBU” TO DAPITAN AROUND 1:00 A.M.

“JEFE” MEANING COMMANDING OFFICERS

JULY 17, 1892, FERRYBOAT CEBU ARRIVED IN DAPITAN

RICARDO CARNICERO
JESUIT MISSION HOUSE
 LIFE IN DAPITAN
HOUSE OF RICARDO CARNICERO

AUGUST 30, 1892 INFORMED GOV-GEN EULOGIO DESPUJOL

THAT RIZAL WANTED REFORMS IN THE PHILS. BUT DOES NOT
WANT FRIARS TO BE EVICTED

SEPT 21, 1892 RICARDO SUBMITTED ANOTHER REPORT TO

GOV GEN DESPUJOL ABOUT REFORMS ON THE FREEDOM OF
RELIGION AND OF THE PRESS

JULY 25, 1892 JOSE WROTE TO HIS MOTHER IN HONGKONG

ABOUT HIS EXILE IN DAPITAN
 LIFE IN DAPITAN
“ In these days of lack of communication, travel,
and deportation, I’m greatly worried thinking of
you, and for this reason I hasten to write to you
to tell you that I am well here as if I were on
vacation in this politico-military district. I don’t
miss anything except my family and freedom.”
 LIFE IN DAPITAN
SEPTEMBER 21, 1892 MAIL BOAT “BUTUAN” JOSE, RICARDO, EQUILOR WON
THEIR LOTTERY TICKET 9736 WON SECOND PRIZE OF TWENTY THOUSAND PESOS
EACH RECEIVED AMOUNT OF SIX THOUSAND TWO HUNDRED PESOS
TALISAY
JANUARY 1893, RIZAL TOLD RICARDO TO STAY IN HIS OWN HOUSE
PLANTED FRUITS, DOMISTICATED ANIMALS, TEACHER IN DAPITAN( TUTORED
SPANISH, ENGLISH, MATHEMATICS AND HOW TO WORK)
HIS CLASS STARTS AFTER LUNCH UNTIL 4:00 P.M.
 LIFE IN DAPITAN

RIZAL’S LETTER TO BLUMENTRITT, HE ONCE SAID

“ One can judge their enthusiasm for study when,

even though they have to work for me; they worked
in order to study,”
 LIFE IN DAPITAN
SOME FAMILY MEMBERS VISITED AND JOINED HIM IN DAPITAN. HISMOTHER,
SISTER TRINIDAD AND HI NEPHEW ANGELICA ARRIVED IN AUGUST
HE HAD THE CHANCE TO OPERATE HIS MOTHER’ EYE
HIS MOTHER AND TRINIDAD LEFT, HIS SISTERS MARIA AND NARCISA TOGETHER
WITH RIZAL’S NEPHEWS ARRIVED IN DAPITAN
HIS FATHER COULD NOT TRACEL TO DAPITAN BEC. OF HIS DETERIORATING
CONDITION.
 RIZAL TOLD BLUMENTRITT IN A LETTER TO HIS FATHER “WAS GROWING WEAKER
AND WEAKER BY THE DAY,”
HE MISSED HIS FATHER SO MUCH. HE TOLD HIS SISTER JOSEFA, “TELL OUR FATHER
THAT I SHOULD LIKE TO SEE HIM; I HOPE WE SHALL SEE ONE ANOTHER VERY SOON.
KISS HIM THE HAND FOR ME,”
 LIFE IN DAPITAN
JOSE RIZAL AS A PHYSICIAN HAD MANY PATIENTS NOT ONLY FROM DAPITAN BUT FROM
NEIGHBORING TOWNS
MOST PATIENTS WERE POOR AND DON’T ACCEPT FEE
ONE DAY, A WEALTHY ENGLISHMAN WENT TO HIS CLINIC AND REMOVED HIS CATARACT AND

PAID JOSE 500 PESOS

HE USED THE MONEY TO PUT UP LAMPS IN THEIR STREETS

AS A SCIENTIST, HE WAS ABLE TO DISVER RARE SPECIES NAMED AFTER HIM LIKE FLYING
DRAGON(DRACO RIZALI) SMALL BEETLE(APOGONIA RIZALI) AND A TOAD(RACHOPHOROUS
RIZALI}
 LIFE IN DAPITAN
IN HIS LETTER TO BLUMENTRITT, HE DESCRIBED HIS
LIFE IN DAPITAN
“ My life goes on quietly and drearily. To pass the time and help the local people
here a little, I have turned a merchant. I bought hemp and shipped it in Manila. I
was lucky this month; I made $200 at one blow…My present life is peaceful,
solitary, with no glory, but I think it is also useful. I am teaching some poor but
intelligent children how to read Spanish, English, and Mathematics(including
Geometry), and how to behave like men. I have also taught the local people how to
make a better living, and they think I am right.. This coercion upon me taught me
a new language, Visayan, and how to handle a boat; it has given me a better
knowledge of my country, and has rewarded me with some thousand dollars! God
can send goof fortune in the midst of the persecutions of one’s enemies,”
 LIFE IN DAPITAN
AUGUST 28, 1893, HE HEARD THE DEATH OF HIS BELOVED LEONOR RIVERA
HE WAS IN DESPAIR AND VERY LONELY BUT IT WAS VERY TIMELY WHEN HE MET
JOSEPHINE BRACKEN

HE FELL INLOVE AN AFTERWARDS DECIDED TO MARRY EACH OTHER BUT MARRIAGE
WAS NOT PERMITTED BEC. OF THE REFUSAL FROM THE BISHOP OF CEBU
 REVAMP IN LEADERSHIP
WHILE IN DAPITAN, MANY CHANGES TOOK PLACE IN THE MUNICIPAL
ADMINISTRATION OF SPAIN IN THE PHILS
DON ANTONIO MAUR-MINISTER OF THE COLONIES
GOV-GEN EULOGIO DESPUJOL WAS REPLACED BY FEDERICO OCHANDO AND
EVENTUALLY TOOK OVER BY RAMON BLANCO
RIZAL WROTE A PETITION FOR HIS FREEDOM THROUGH HIS BROTHER-IN-LAW
MANUEL HIDALGO
LIKE DESPUJOL RICARDO CARNICERO WAS REPLACED BY JUAN SITGES UPON ORDER
OF OCHANDO
JESUIT SOCIETY HAD UNDERGONE CHANGES
FATHER PASTELL GAVE RIZAL A COPY OF THE FAMOUS CATHOLIC BOOK BY FATHER
THOMAS KEMPIS CALLED IMITACION DE CRISTO(IMITATION OF CHRIST)
 PLAN TO VOLUNTEER AS MILITARY DOCTOR IN
CUBA
WHILE IN DAPITAN, RIZAL THOUGHT THAT HE WOULD NOT STAY LONG
GOV-GEN BLANCO PROMISED TO TRANSFER HIM TO ILOCOS OR LA UNION
RIZAL WROTE A LETTER TO THE GOV-GEN ASKING HIM PERMISSION TO GO TO SPAIN SINCE
HE HAS NOT RECEIVED FEEDBACK OF HIS PROMISED TO TRANSFER
PIO VALENZUELA WAS ORDERED BY ANDRES BONIFACIO
ANOTHER SUGGESTION CAME FROM JOSE MARIA BASA, IN HONGKONG
REGIDOR HAD ANOTHER IDEA WHOM HE SHARED WITH BLUMENTRITT THUS WANTED RIZAL
TO VOLUNTEER AS MILITARY DOCTOR IN CUBA. THE SPANISH FORCES NEEDED DOCTORS
BECAUSE OF THE OUTBREAK DURING CUBAN REVOLUTION
 PLAN TO VOLUNTEER AS MILITARY DOCTOR IN
CUBA
BLUMENTRITT COINSIDERED A GOOD IDEA SO HE WROTE TO JOSE RIZAL ADVISING
HIM TO GO TO CUBA AS A DOCTOR IN THE SPANISH MEDICAL CORPS

JOSE RIZAL ACCEPTED THE SUGGESTION AND BELIEVED IT WAS AN EXCELLENT IDEA

HE TOLD BLUMENTRITT THROUGH A LETTER DATED NOV. 20, 1895 THAT HE WILL
WRITE IMMEDIATELY TO THE GOV-GEN FOR HIS ENLISMENT
A DAY AFTER NOV 21, HE INFORMED HIS MOTHER OF HIS DECISION
 PLAN TO VOLUNTEER AS MILITARY DOCTOR IN
CUBA

“ I received your letter on the 14th and I understand perfectly your and Father’s
fears about my going to Cuba; however, as you well say, we should have faith in
God. Until now He has saved me from all dangers; why He will not save me from
others in the future?”
In another letter, he told his parents:
“ Don’t worry about anything; we are all in the hands of Divine Providence. Not all
who go to Cuba die, and finally one has to die, at least may one die doing something
good.”
 PLAN TO VOLUNTEER AS MILITARY DOCTOR IN CUBA
NOV. 17, 1895 RIZAL WROTE A PETITION TO GENERAL BLANCO TO VOLUNTEER AS
PHYCISIAN IN THE SPANISH ARMY IN CUBA, BUT HE HAS NOT RECEIVED REPLY FOR HIS
APPLICATION. DETERMINED TO GO TO CUBA, HE AGAIN WROTE ANOTHER LETTER AND
WROTE TO HIS MOTHER:
“ I have therefore reiterated my request to serve in Cuba in view of the fact that i have not
received any reply from the first.”
SEVERAL MONTHS HAD ELAPSED SINCE HIS 1ST AND 2ND PETITION WERE SENT TO THE GOV-
GEN, JOSE DECIDED TO ABANDON HIS PLANS. HE TOLD HIS FRIEND BLUMENTRITT:
“ I no longer planned to go to Cuba since more than six months had passed since my
application.”
JULY 1, 1896 RIZAL WAS SURPRISED TO RECEIVE THE LETTER FROM GOV-GEN BLANCO
 PLAN TO VOLUNTEER AS MILITARY DOCTOR IN
CUBA
THE LETTER WAS SENT IN DAPITAN ABOARD THE SHIP ESPANA. THE LETTER READS:
“ I have made representation with the government in connection with your petition,
and agreeing to your wishes have no objection to your going to Cuba as a physician to
the Military Health Corps. If you still wish to take this step, the Commandant of
Dapitan will issue you a pass for coming to where I shall, on my part, issue you a
passport for Peninsula. There, the Minister of War will commission you to the Cuban
Army.”

RIZAL HAD TO RETHINK HIS PLAN AGAIN. HE FINALLY DECIDED TO LEAVE DAPITAN
IN FAVOR OF CUBA
 DEPARTURE FROM DAPITAN TO MANILA
ACCORDING TO RIZAL, HE HAD BEEN IN DAPITAN FOR “FOUR YEARS THIRTEEN DAYS,
AND A FEW OOD HOURS.” WITH HIS LONG STAY, THE TOWN FOLKS LEARNED TO LOVE
HIM.
IN RETURN FOR HIS KINDNESS, THEY MADE SURE THAT HIS DEPARTURE WAS A BIG
EVENT. THE WHOLE TOWN WENT TO BID HIM FAREWELL. THEY EVEN PREPARED A BAND
FOR THEIR ADOPTED SON.
JULY 31, 1896, RIZAL LEFT DAPITAN AT MIDNIGHT
HE BOARDED ESPANA TO MANILA
HE ARRIVED MANILA ON AUGUST 6, 1896
ISLA DE LUZON
CRUISER CASTILLA
THE OFFICERS OF CRUISER TREATED RIZAL WELL
 VOYAGE TO CUBA
AUGUST 30, 1896 GOV-GEN BLANCO GAVE JOSE THREE LETTERS
TWO WERE ADDRESSED TO THE MINISTERS OF WAR AND OF THE COLONIES, THE OTHER
WAS TO HIM
WITH THE LETTERS, RIZAL WAS READY TO LEAVE MANILA TO PRESENT HIMSELF TO THE
AUTHORITIES OF SPAIN
SEPTEMBER 2, 1896 TRANSFERRED TO THE STEAMER ISLA DE PANAY
BEFORE HE LEFT HE WROTE TO HIS MOTHER:

“ The Most Excellent Captain General has behaved towards me very well. I’m going to
show him, If God gives me time and health, that I know how to reciprocated.”
 VOYAGE TO CUBA
THE NEXT DAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 1896 ISLA DE PANAY LEFT MANILA
GOV-GEN BLANCO TELEGRAM TO THE MINISTER OF COLONIES:
“ I have the honor of informing your Excellency that Dr. Jose Rizal y Alonso has
embarked on the vessel Isla de Panay which will leave this port tomorrow, the third of
this month. We have instructed the management of the Compania Transattlantico in this
City, that he isto be under close surveillance during the trip, that he is to be taken to the
Civil Governor of Barcelona.”
THE TRIP TO SPAIN WAS DIFFICULT
SEPTEMBER 30, 1896, THE CAPTAIN OF THE SHIP CAME TO RIZAL AND INFORMED
HIM THAT HE WOULD BE CONFINED TO HIS CABIN AND HE RECEIVED A TELEGRAPHIC
ORDER OF HIS ARREST AND DETENTIOON
 ARRIVAL IN SPAIN
OCTOBER 3, 1896 ISLA DE PANAY ARRIVED IN BARCELONA
RIZAL WAS CONFUSED WITH THE TURNED OF EVENTS
HE ABANDONED ALL HIS PLANS
ACC TO GOV-GEN BLANCO, IN SEPTEMBER 3, CHARGES WERE FILED AGAINST RIZAL IN
CONNECTION WITH INSURGENCY IN THE PHILS. THE PROSECUTOR WANTED JOSE RIZAL
BACK TO FACE THE CHARGES
JOSE WAS GREATLY DISAPPOINTED, HE HAD NOTHING TO DO

IN FACT. HE DECLINED THE OFFER TO LEAD THE REVOLUTION AS HE KNEW THAT ANDRES
BONIFACIO HAD REVOLTE ALREADY AGAINST THE SPANISH GOVERNMENT
 ARRIVAL IN SPAIN
 RIZAL TOLD HIS PREDICAMENTS TO HIS BLUMENTRITT. HE SAID:
“ I was going to Cuba to make my name and answer all my calumnies. Now they tell me
that I am not going there. I cannot believe this because it would be the greatest injustice.
I have offered my services as a doctor, ready to risk my life in the hazards of war,
leaving all my businesses behind. I am innocent and has nothing to do with the
disturbances, and can swear to it. And now, by way of reward, they are sending me a
prison.”
OCTOBER 6, THE PASSENGERS AND CREW OF ISLA DE PANAY WERE ALLOWED TO LAND
MONTJUICH CASTLE
GOV-GEN EULOGIO DESPUJOL-COMMANDING OFFICER IN-CHARGE OF MONTJUICH
 ARRIVAL IN SPAIN
GOV-GEN DESPUJOL INFORMED HIM THAT UPON ORDER OF AUTHORITIES, HE WOULD
BE TAKEN BACK TO PHILIPPINES ON BOARD THE STEAMER COLON

THEREAFTER RIZAL WAS BROUGHT TO STEAMER COLON

AT EIGHT O’CLOCK OF OCTOBER 6, COLON LEFT BARCELONA FOR MANILA

END NOTE:

I want to show to those who deprive

people the right to love of country, that
when we know how to sacrifice ourselves
for our duties and convictions, death does
not matter if one dies for those one loves
– for his country and for others dear to
him.”
-- Jose Rizal