This document defines and describes different types of fluid flow:
- Fluid kinematics deals with the velocity and acceleration of fluid particles without forces, while dynamics of fluid considers the forces that cause flow.
- Discharge is the quantity of liquid flowing per second through a pipe or channel, measured in cubic meters per second as the product of cross-sectional area and average velocity.
- Uniform flow has the same velocities at all sections, while non-uniform flow has different velocities; streamline flow has distinct particle paths that don't cross, versus turbulent flow with crossing paths.
- Steady flow has constant discharge over time, while unsteady flow varies; compressible flow changes density during flow like gases, versus in
This document defines and describes different types of fluid flow:
- Fluid kinematics deals with the velocity and acceleration of fluid particles without forces, while dynamics of fluid considers the forces that cause flow.
- Discharge is the quantity of liquid flowing per second through a pipe or channel, measured in cubic meters per second as the product of cross-sectional area and average velocity.
- Uniform flow has the same velocities at all sections, while non-uniform flow has different velocities; streamline flow has distinct particle paths that don't cross, versus turbulent flow with crossing paths.
- Steady flow has constant discharge over time, while unsteady flow varies; compressible flow changes density during flow like gases, versus in
This document defines and describes different types of fluid flow:
- Fluid kinematics deals with the velocity and acceleration of fluid particles without forces, while dynamics of fluid considers the forces that cause flow.
- Discharge is the quantity of liquid flowing per second through a pipe or channel, measured in cubic meters per second as the product of cross-sectional area and average velocity.
- Uniform flow has the same velocities at all sections, while non-uniform flow has different velocities; streamline flow has distinct particle paths that don't cross, versus turbulent flow with crossing paths.
- Steady flow has constant discharge over time, while unsteady flow varies; compressible flow changes density during flow like gases, versus in
This document defines and describes different types of fluid flow:
- Fluid kinematics deals with the velocity and acceleration of fluid particles without forces, while dynamics of fluid considers the forces that cause flow.
- Discharge is the quantity of liquid flowing per second through a pipe or channel, measured in cubic meters per second as the product of cross-sectional area and average velocity.
- Uniform flow has the same velocities at all sections, while non-uniform flow has different velocities; streamline flow has distinct particle paths that don't cross, versus turbulent flow with crossing paths.
- Steady flow has constant discharge over time, while unsteady flow varies; compressible flow changes density during flow like gases, versus in
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TYPES OF FLUID FLOW
• FLUID KINEMATICS • The Fluid Kinematics is that branch of Fluid Mechanics which deals with the study of velocity and acceleration of the fluid particles without taking into consideration any force or energy.
• DYNAMICS OF FLUID • The dynamics of fluid flow is defined as that branch of science which deals with the study of fluids in motion considering the forces which cause the flow. • RATE OF DISCHARGE • The quantity of liquid flowing per second through a section of a pipe or a channel is called discharge and is measured in cumecs (m3/ s). Mathematically, discharge,
• Q = av
• where • • a = Cross-sectional area of the pipe, and • v = Average velocity of the liquid.
• It may noted that
• (a) The velocity of the liquid is maximum at the centre of a pipe and is minimum near the walls. • (b) 1 m3 = 1000 litres. • 1. Uniform flow: A flow, in which the liquid particles at all sections of a pipe or channel have the same velocities, is called a uniform flow.
• 2. Non-uniform flow: A flow, in which the liquid particles at different sections of a
pipe or channel have different velocities, is called a non-uniform flow.
• 3. Streamline flow: A flow, in which each liquid particle has a definite path and the paths of individual particles do not cross each other, is called a streamline flow.
• 4. Turbulent flow: A flow, in which each liquid particle does not have a definite path and the paths of individual particles also cross each other, is called a turbulent flow. • 5. Steady flow: A flow, in which the quantity of liquid flowing per second is constant, is called a steady flow. A steady flow may be uniform or non - uniform.
• 6. Unsteady flow: A flow, in which the quantity of liquid flowing per second is not constant, is called an unsteady flow.
• 7. Compressible flow: A flow, in which the volume of a fluid and its density changes during the flow, is called a compressible flow. All the gases are considered to have compressible flow.
• 8. Incompressible flow: A flow, in which the volume of a fluid and its density does not change during the flow, is called an incompressible flow. All the liquids are considered to have incompressible flow. • 9. Rotational flow: A flow, in which the fluid particles also rotate (i.e. have some angular velocity) about their own axes while flowing, is called a rotational flow.
• 10. Irrotational flow: A flow, in which the fluid particles do not rotate about their own axes and retain their original orientations, is called an irrotational flow.
• 11. One-dimensional flow: A flow, in which the streamlines of its moving particles are represented by straight line, is called an one-dimensional flow.
• 12. Two-dimensional flow: A flow, whose streamlines of its moving particles are represented by a curve, is called a two-dimensional flow.
• 13. Three - dimensional flow: A flow, whose streamlines are represented in space i.e. along the three mutually perpendicular directions, is called a three - dimensional flow.
