A

SEMINAR

ON

“MICROFIBRES”

BY

NAME: MR. SANDEEP T.PATIL.

CLASS: M.TEXT.-II (T.T.)
ROLL NO. : 07MTEXT05
 HISTORY OF MICROFIBRES?

• INVENTED IN JAPAN IN 1970 BY OKAMOTO &

HIKOTA.

• FURTHER COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN U.S. &

SWEDEN.

• SYNTHETICS (POLYESTER / NYLON) ALONE OR

MIXED WITH NATURAL FIBRES (COTTON, WOOL,
SILK).

• MUCH THINNER THAN HUMAN HAIR & NATURAL

FIBRES.

• POSITIVELY-CHARGED TO BETTER PICK UP DUST.

 MICROFIBRES

MICROFIBERS ARE FINER MICROFIBERS CAN BE WEAVED

THAN NATURAL ONES TOGETHER
 DEFINITION OF MICROFIBRE:

• Microfiber refers to synthetic fibers that

measure less than one denier.
• The most common types of microfibers are
made from polyesters, polyamides (nylon), and
or a conjugation of polyester and polyamide.
• Natural microfibers are silk and wool
distinguished by their inherent soft handle and
fabric drape.
• Limitation of natural microfibre is lack of fibre
strength and washability.
• The Polyester council in the U.S. describes a
Polyester microfibre as being four times finer
than wool, three times finer than cotton and
twice as fine as silk.

• The higher the number , thicker the fibre.

Coarse fibres - > 6.0 dpf

Medium fibres - 2.4 - 6.0 dpf
Fine fibres - 1.0 - 2.4 dpf
Micro fibres - 0.3 - 1.0 dpf
Super micro fibres - < 0.3 dpf
 Manufacturers Of Microfibres
Name of company Fibre Name of fibre D.P.F
Type
Toray (Japan) PET Ecsaine 0.3
Hoechst(Germany) PET Trevira 0.55
Fineness
ICI (U.K.) PA Tactel Micro 1.0
Dupont (U.S.A) PA Microfine 0.7
Dupont (U.S.A) PET Matique 0.5
PROPERTIES OF FABRIC MADE OUT OF
MICROFIBRE

• Greater bulk.
• High cover.
• Low bending stiffness.
• Excellent softness and drape.
• High dimensional stability.
• Silky handle and good comfort.
• Good water vapour permeability.
• Better durability and easy care properties.
• Have excellent thermal insulation property.
• Good wind resistance and water repellency.
 LIMITATIONS OF MICROFIBRES

• Manufacturing is expensive.

• Low depth of shade.

• Lower dye levelness.

• Lower dye fastness to light, dry cleaning.

• Low torsional and flexural rigidity.

MANUFACTURING:

 Basic Requirement For Production:

• High quality polymer of homogeneous melt.

• Optimum heat flow to the spinneret.
• No impurities – Efficient polymer filtration.
• Tension control - Constant take-up tension.
• Uniform quench air velocity with less turbulence.
 Three Principle Techniques
(1) Conjugate Technology: Involves Spinning Of Bi-
component filaments comprising of nylon-6 matrix
with polyesters fibrillers. Later exposed to solvent
or mechanical or thermal treatment to separate
one of the component, resulting in microfibres.

(2) Sea-Island Technology : Developed by Toray

industries of Japan, involves spinning of bi-
component filament comprises either individual
‘Island’ of one component within a ‘Sea’ of other
component. So sheath component is dissolved
later on producing microfibres.
(3) Conventional Technology : Single
component filaments are extruded
through spinnerets, using conventional
melt spinning technology.

Sheath-core Type:
 Modification Needed In Weaving:
In Preparatory:
• Reduced size bath Concentration.
• Fast Cooling.
 In Weaving:
• Low Surface hardness of drop wires,
healds.
• Reed wires with rounded edges.
• Temple – similar to used for silk fabric
weaving, rubber & plastic rings .
• Weft accumulator with circular leaf and
brush tensioner.
 APPLICATIONS
Functional Uses:

• Clothing: For athletic wear such as cyclic jerseys. In

military And federal agency in U.S.

• For active sports wear, rainwear owing to high

breathability, moisture transport and water proofness.

• Insulation: In sleeping bags and outdoor application.

• Basketballs: Absorb sweat from player’s hand less

slippery.

• Clothing for dresses, tailored suits,hosiery, evening

wear,sheeting, upholstery etc.
• Cleaning: For consumer cleaning and
commercial product cleaning. Exceptional ability to
absorb oil and dust. Dust attraction electrostatic
property.

Principle Of Action:
Cross Section of microfibre and cotton thread:
Tools Cleaning:

Photographic lens and other precision tools

includes car mirror, computers, electro-optic
devices, panels of video/ audio devices, optical
discs, jewels etc.

• Other textile uses:

Table cloths, car interiors, swimming pool
towels for quick drying.
 Benefits from the use of Microfiber cleaning
products
• Microfiber is hypoallergenic, thus will not create
problems for asthmatics or allergy sufferers .
• Microfiber is super absorbent. Absorbing over 7
times its weight in water. Microfibre Towels dry in
one third of the time ordinary towels take to dry.
• Microfiber cleaning cloths will clean virtually any
soiling from any surface. They are longer lasting
than other cleaning products and contain more
fibres per square inch.
• Microfiber cloths and mops are 99.94% more
effective in removing bacteria from smooth
surfaces.. The bacterial culture taken after the
microfiber mop cleaning showed a 99% reduction .
Choose your microfibre cloth

Microfiber Super Soft General Purpose Cleaning Cloth CD & LensCleaning Clea
Microfiber

Microfiber Super Soft General Purpose CleaningGlass

Microfiber Cloth& Mirror Cleaning Cloth
 Main products for which microfiber are
ideally suited:
• Microfiber Glass Cloth
• Duster/Multi-purpose Microfiber Cleaning Cloth
• Microfiber Scrubber
• Microfiber Kitchen Cloth
• Microfiber Optical & CD Cloth
• Microfiber Mops
• Microfiber Cleaning Sponge
• Microfiber Cleaning Cloths – Terry Cloths,
Suede Cloths, Waffle-Weave Cloths
Economics of Microfibres Processing:

• Price is 5 -10 % higher than normal fibre.

• 0.8 den. PET is 8% costlier than 1 den PET.
• Yarn price is 4% higher.
• Conversion cost of fibre to yarn reduces
due to increased production per spindle at
ring frame and roving frame owing to twist
reduction by 5 -10%.
• Fabric fetch more price due to specialised
nature and properties.
 CONCLUSION
Synthetic fibers, especially the micro denier
development has made a big way for sophisticated
textiles, apparels and allied applications. Micro denier
yarns have wider horizon of application. These fibres
have varied simulations of natural fibres, especially
silk.
Microfibres have shown to be advantageous
when drapability, smoothness, water vapour
permeabilty are needed. These benefits lead to
growing market potential in areas as apparel, sports
wear, filter media.
 REFERENCES
• Micro polyester fibres for moisture management
- Dr. T. Ramchandran, M.B. Sampath and M.
Senthilkumar, Indian Textile Journal, March 2009.
• Scope of microfilament yarns and fabrics in future,
A.N. Bhonkar and D.S. Kulkarni, Asian Textile
Journal, April 2000.
• Micro fibres properties,processing and uses, Asian
Textile Journal,April 2001. Man Made Textile In
India june 1993.
• Microfibres: giving New Dimensions To The Whole
Range Of Textiles. – S.K. Malik and Hemlata Nigam.
• Micro denier yarns –K. L. Vidur. New Cloth Market
September 1997.