EE340 Electromagnetic Theory
Introduction
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Contents
❑ What is EM?
❑ History of EM
❑ EM Spectra
❑ Natural Sources of EM
❑ Applications
❑ Outline of this Subject
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https://youtu.be/Elv3WpL32UE?si=7znoE3tUFEK8I_4H
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What is Electromagnetics (EM)?
• It is a branch of physics in which the interaction between the electric and magnetic fields is studied.
• The electric field is generated by the charges, while
• The magnetic field is generated by currents (moving charges).
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History of evolution of EM
• Coulomb in 1785 proves experimentally the inverse square law of stationary electric charges.
• Karl Freidrich Gauss formulates the divergence theorem of electricity.
• Michael Faraday discovers in 1831 that time-changing magnetic field produces electric field.
• James Clerk Maxwell formulates the mathematical model of electromagnetism.
• Heinrich Rudolph Hertz demonstrates in 1886 the first wireless EM link.
• Guglielmo Marconi (the father of radio) sends signal over large distances. In 1901, he performs the first
transatlantic transmission from England to Canada.
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EM Spectra
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Natural Source of EM wave
• The light coming from the sun is an EM wave.
• It contains infrared, visible and UV rays.
• To study, photonics and optics, knowledge of EM theory is a prerequisite.
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Applications
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Applications
ITER
ITER SITE AT
FRANCE
CADARACHE
ITER SITE AT
CADARACHE
FRANCE
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Applications
Photonics
Applications
High Speed Internet
Heathcare and medical applications
Energy Saving devices
Data Security
Industrial manufacturing
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Applications
Invisible cloak using
Meta-materials
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Applications
Wireless charging with metamaterials
Metamaterial
based antenna
M. Alibakhshikenari et al. IEEE
Access 8 (2020): 144778-144808. Superlenses
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Applications
Modern Communication
Systems
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Applications
Radio
Astronomy
https://www.britannica.c
om/video/143197/Astro
nomers-spectrum-
aspects-Milky-Way
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Applications
Case study of
https://ncr.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1
683096866382-Kavach%20Training%20PPT%20-
%20Abhishek.pdf
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Applications
Case study of TCAS
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Applications
Case study of TCAS
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Applications
Low Frequency
Printed Circuit Trace Propagation
delay negligible
A B A B
B
Microwave
A
Propagation delay
not negligible
A B ???
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Applications
Low Frequency
Printed Circuit Trace
Propagation
delay negligible
A B A B
A B
Microwave Transmission
line section!
Propagation delay l
considered
A B A Zo, B
Zo: characteristic impedance
(=+j): Propagation constant
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Outline of the subject
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