MOLE CONCEPT (Physical Chemistry)

EXERCISE (JEE MAIN)

1. Number of hydrogen atoms per molecule of a hydrocarbon A having 85.8% carbon is _________
(Given: Molar mass of A = 84 g mol–1) [JEE Main, Jan. 2023]
2. When 0.01 mol of an organic compound containing 60% carbon was burnt completely, 4.4 g of
CO2 was produced. The molar mass of compound is __________ g mol–1
[JEE Main, Jan. 2023]
3. In Dumas method for the estimation of N2, the sample is heated with copper oxide and the gas
evolved is passed over: [JEE Main, Jan. 2023]
(A) Ni (B) Copper gauze (C) Pd (D) Copper oxide
4. If 5 moles of 𝐁𝐚𝐂𝐥𝟐 is mixed with 2 moles of 𝐍𝐚𝟑 𝐏𝐎𝟒 , the maximum number of moles of
𝐁𝐚𝟑 (𝐏𝐎𝟒 )𝟐 formed is _______ . [6th April Morning, 2023]
5. 𝟎. 𝟓 𝐠 of an organic compound (X) with 𝟔𝟎% carbon will produce _______ × 𝟏𝟎−𝟏 𝐠 of 𝐂𝐎𝟐 on
complete combustion. [8th April Morning, 2023]
6. A metal chloride contains 𝟓𝟓. 𝟎% of chlorine by weight. 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝐦𝐋 vapours of the metal chloride
at STP weigh 𝟎. 𝟓𝟕 𝐠. The molecular formula of the metal chloride is (Given : Atomic mass of
chlorine is 𝟑𝟓. 𝟓𝐮) [12th April Morning ,
2023]
(A) 𝐌𝐂𝐥𝟐 (B) 𝐌𝐂𝐥𝟒 (C) 𝐌𝐂𝐥𝟑 (D) 𝐌𝐂𝐥
7. CNG is an important transportation fuel. When 100 g CNG is mixed with 208 oxygen in vehicles,
it leads to the formation of CO2 and H2O and produces large quantity of heat during this
combustion, then the amount of carbon dioxide, produced in grams is________. [nearest integer]
[Assume CNG to be methane] [JEE Main, June 2022]
8. 116 g of a substance upon dissociation reaction, yields 7.5 g of hydrogen, 60g of oxygen and 48.5
g of carbon. Given that the atomic masses of H, O and C are 1, 16 and 12 respectively. The data
agrees with how many formulae of the following? [JEE Main, June 2022]
(A) CH3COOH (B) HCHO
(C) CH3OOCH3 (D) CH3CHO
9. On complete combustion 0.30 g of an organic compound gave 0.20 g of carbon dioxide and 0.10
g of water. The percentage of carbon in the given organic compound is ________ (Nearest integer).
[JEE Main, June 2022]
10. 1 mol of an octahedral metal complex with formula MCl3 · 2L on reaction with excess of AgNO3
gives 1 mol of AgCl. The denticity of Ligand L is ________ . (Integer answer)
[JEE Main, August 2021]

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11.

Consider the above reaction where 6.1 g of benzoic acid is used to get 7.8 g of m-bromo
benzoic acid. The percentage yield of the product is_____.
(Round off to the Nearest integer)
[Given : Atomic masses : C = 12.0u, H : 1.0u, O : 16.0u, Br = 80.0 u] [JEE Main, March 2021]
12. NaClO3 is used, even in space crafts, to produce O2. The daily consumption of pure O2 by a person
is 492 L at 1 atm, 300 K. How much amount of NaClO3, in grams is required to produce O2 for the
daily consumption of a person at 1 atm, 300 K ? _________.
NaClO3(s) + Fe(s) → O2(g) + NaCl(s) + FeO(s)
R = 0.082 L atm mol–1 K–1 [JEE Main, 2020]
13. 5 moles of AB2 weigh 125 × 10–3 kg and 10 moles of A2B2 weigh 300 × 10–3 kg. The molar mass
of A (MA) and molar mass of B (MB) in kg mol–1 are:
(A) MA = 5 × 10–3 and MB = 10 × 10–3 (B) MA = 50 × 10–3 and MB = 25 × 10–3
(C) MA = 25 × 10–3 and MB = 50 × 10–3 (D) MA = 10 × 10–3 and MB = 5 × 10–3
[Jee Main, April 2019]
 For a reaction,
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⎯→ 2NH3(g); identify dihydrogen (H2) as a limiting reagent in the following
reaction mixtures. [Jee Main, April 2019]
(A) 28 g of N2 + 6 g of H2 (B) 56 g of N2 + 10 g of H2
(C) 14 g of N2 + 4 g of H2 (D) 35 g of N2 + 8 g of H2
15. The reaction of mass percent of C and H of an organic compound (CX HYOZ) is 6 : 1 , If one molecule
of the above compound (CXHYOZ)contains half as much oxygen as required to burn on molecule
of compound CXHY completely to CO2 and H2O. The empirical formula of compound CXHYOZ is:
[JEE(Main)-2018]
(A) C2H4O3 (B) C3H 6O3 (C)C2H4O (D) C3H4O2
16. 1 gram of a carbonate (M2CO3) on treatment with excess HCl produces 0.01186 mole of CO2. the
molar mass of M2CO3 in g mol–1 is : [JEE(Main)-2017]
(A) 1186 (B) 84.3 (C) 118.6 (D) 11.86
17. The most abundant elements by mass in the body of a healthy human adult are :
Oxygen (61.4%) ; Carbon (22.9%), Hydrogen (10.0%) ; and Nitrogen (2.6%).
The weight which a 75 kg person would gain if all 1H atoms are replaced by 2H atoms is
[JEE(Main)-2017]
(A) 15 kg (B) 37.5 kg (C) 7.5 kg (D) 10 kg

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18. In Carius method of estimation of halogens, 250 mg of an organic compound give 141 mg of AgBr.
The percentage of bromine in the compound is : (at. mass Ag = 108; Br = 80) [JEE(Main)-2015]
(A) 24 (B) 36 (C) 48 (D) 60
19. The molecular formula of a commercial resin used for exchanging ions in water softening is
C8H7SO3Na (Mol. Wt. 206) What would be the maximum uptake of Ca 2+ ions by the resin when
expressed in mole per gram resin? [JEE(Main)-2015]
1 1 2 1
(A) 103 (B) 206 (C) 309 (D) 412

20. The ratio of masses of oxygen and nitrogen in a particular gaseous mixture is 1 : 4. The ratio of
number of their molecule is : [JEE(Main)-2014]
(A) 1 : 8 (B) 3 : 16 (C) 1 : 4 (D) 7 : 32
21. A gaseous hydrocarbon gives upon combustion 0.72 g of water and 3.08 g of CO2. The empirical
formula of the hydrocarbon is [JEE(Main)-2013]
(A) C2H4 (B) C3H4 (C) C6H5 (D) C7H8
22. The ratio of number of oxygen atoms (O) in 16.0g ozone (O3), 28.0 g carbon monoxide (CO) and
16.0g oxygen (O2) is :- [AIEEE 2012 (Online)]
(Atomic mass : C = 12, O = 16 and Avogadro's constant NA = 6.0 × 1023 mol–1)
(A) 3 : 1 : 1 (B) 1 : 1 : 2 (C) 3 : 1 : 2 (D) 1 : 1 : 1
23. A transition metal M forms a volatile chloride which has a vapour density of 94.8. If it contains
74.75% of chlorine the formula of the metal chloride will be [AIEEE 2012 (Online)]
(A) MCl2 (B) MCl4 (C) MCl5 (D) MCl3
24. How many moles of magnesium phosphate, Mg3(PO4)2 will contain 0.25 mole of oxygen atoms?
(A) 3.125 × 10–2 (B) 1.25 × 10–2 (C) 2.5 × 10–2 (D) 0.02 [AIEEE 2006]
25. If we consider that 1/6, in place of 1/12, mass of carbon atom is taken to be the relative atomic
mass unit, the mass of one mole of the substance will : [AIEEE-2005]
(A) be a function of the molecular mass of the substance
(B) remain unchanged
(C) increase two fold
(D) decrease twice

26. In an organic compound of molar mass 108 g mol–1 C, H and N atoms are present in 9 : 1 : 3.5
by weight. Molecular formula can be : [AIEEE 2002]
(A) C6H8N2 (B) C7H10N (C) C5H6N3 (D) C4H18N3

27. The weight of 2.01 × 1023 molecules of CO is– [AIEEE 2002]

(A)9.3g (B)7.2g (C)1.2g (D)3g

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EXERCISE (JEE-ADVANCED)

1. Calculate the amount of Calcium oxide required when it reacts with 852 g of P4O10.
6CaO + P4O10 ⎯→ 2 Ca3 (PO4)2 [JEE 2005]
2. 𝟐𝟎% surface sites have adsorbed 𝐍𝟐 . On heating 𝐍𝟐 gas evolved from sites and were collected at
𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟏 𝐚𝐭𝐦 and 𝟐𝟗𝟖 𝐊 in a container of volume is 𝟐. 𝟒𝟔 𝐜𝐦𝟑 . Density of surface sites is
𝟔. 𝟎𝟐𝟑 × 𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟒 /𝐜𝐦𝟐 and surface area is 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐜𝐦𝟐 , find out the no. of surface sites occupied per
molecule of 𝐍𝟐 . [JEE 2005]
3. Given that the abundances of isotopes 54Fe, 56Fe and 57Fe are 5%, 90% and 5%, respectively, the
atomic mass of Fe is : [JEE 2009]
(A) 55.85 (B) 55.95 (C) 55.75 (D) 56.05
4. Galena (an ore) is partially oxidized by passing air through it at high temperature. After some
time, the passage of air is stopped, but the heating is continued in a closed furnace such that the
contents undergo self-reduction. The weight (in 𝐤𝐠 ) of 𝐏𝐛 produced per 𝐤𝐠 of 𝐎𝟐 consumed is
_______.
(Atomic weights in 𝐠𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏 : 𝐎 = 𝟏𝟔, 𝐒 = 𝟑𝟐, 𝐏𝐛 = 𝟐𝟎𝟕 ) (2018)
Hint: 𝐏𝐛𝐒 + 𝐎𝟐 → 𝐏𝐛 + 𝐒𝐎𝟐

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 MOLE CONCEPT (Physical Chemistry)

ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE (JEE MAINS)
1. (12) 2. (200) 3. (B) 4. (1) 5. (11) 6. (A)
7. (143) 8. (2) 9. (18) 10. (2) 11. (78)
12. (2120 to 2140) 13. (A) 14. (B) 15. (A) 16. (B)
17. (B) 18. (A) 19. (D) 20. (D) 21. (D) 22. (D)
23. (B) 24. (A) 25. (B) 26. (A) 27. (A)

EXERCISE (JEE-ADVANCED)
1. (1008) 2. (2) 3. (B) 4. (6.47)

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Solution
EXERCISE (JEE MAINS)
1.
Element Percentage Mole Mole ratio
C 85.5 𝟖𝟓. 𝟖 1
𝟏𝟐
= 𝟕. 𝟏𝟓
H 14.2 𝟏𝟒. 𝟐 2
𝟏
= 𝟏𝟒. 𝟐

Empirical formula (CH2)

14 × n = 84
n=6
 Molecular formula C6H12

2. Let M is the molar mass of the compound (g/mol)

mass of compound = 0.01 M gm
60
mass of carbon = 0.01 M × 100
0.01𝑀 60
moles of carbon = × 100
12
4.4
moles of CO2 from combustion = 44 = moles of carbon
0.01𝑀 60 4.4
× 100 =
12 44
4.4 100 12
𝑀= × × 0.01= 200gm / mol
44 60

3. Duma’s method.
The nitrogen containing organic compound, when heated with CuO in a atmosphere of CO 2,
yields free N2 in addition to CO2 and H2O.
𝑦
𝐶𝑥 𝐻𝑦 𝑁𝑧 (2𝑥 + 2) 𝐶𝑢𝑂 →
𝑦 𝑧 𝑦
𝑥𝐶𝑂2 + 2 𝐻2 𝑂 + 2 𝑁2 + (2𝑥 + 2) 𝐶𝑢

Traces of nitrogen oxides formed, if any, are reduced to nitrogen by passing the gaseous mixture
over heated copper gauze.

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4. 𝟑𝐁𝐚𝐂𝐥𝟐 + 𝟐𝐍𝐚𝟑 𝐏𝐎𝟒 → 𝐁𝐚𝟑 (𝐏𝐎𝟒 )𝟐 + 𝟔𝐍𝐚𝐂𝐥

𝟓 𝟐
𝐍𝐚𝟑 𝐏𝐎𝟒 is limiting reagent. 𝟐 𝐦𝐨𝐥𝐞𝐍𝐚𝟑 𝐏𝐎𝟒 gives 𝟏 𝐦𝐨𝐥𝐞 of 𝐁𝐚𝟑 (𝐏𝐎𝟒 )𝟐
5. Percentage of Carbon
𝟏𝟐 mass of 𝐂𝐎𝟐 formed
= × × 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟒𝟒 mass of compound taken
𝟏𝟐 mass of 𝐂𝐎𝟐 formed
𝟔𝟎 = × × 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟒𝟒 𝟎. 𝟓
𝟔𝟎 × 𝟒𝟒 × 𝟎. 𝟓
Mass of 𝐂𝐎𝟐 formed = 𝐠
𝟏𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎𝟎
= 𝟏. 𝟏𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦
= 𝟏𝟏 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟏 𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦
6. Molecular. weight of metal chloride
𝟎. 𝟓𝟕
= × 𝟐𝟐𝟕𝟎𝟎 = 𝟏𝟐𝟗. 𝟑𝟗
𝟏𝟎𝟎
weight of 𝐂𝐥 = 𝟏𝟐𝟗. 𝟑𝟗 × 𝟎. 𝟓𝟓 = 𝟕𝟏. 𝟏𝟔𝟒𝟓
𝟕𝟏.𝟏𝟔𝟒𝟓
∴ Mole of 𝐂𝐥 = ≅𝟐
𝟑𝟓.𝟓

Hence 𝐌𝐂𝐥𝟐
7. CH4 + 2O2⎯ CO2 + 2H2O
100 208
Mole 16 32

= 6.25 = 6.5
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑒 6.25 6.5
= 3.25
𝑆𝑡𝑜𝑖.𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓 1 2

So, O2 is limiting reagent

Mole – Mole analysis
𝑛𝑂2 𝑛𝐶𝑂2
=
2 1
6.5
= 𝑛𝐶𝑂2
2
6.5
Mass of CO2 = × 44= 143 gm
2

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7.5
8. %H = 116 × 100 = 6.5
60
%O = 116 × 100 = 51.7
48.5
%C = 116 × 100 = 41.8

Relative atomicities = H  6.5

51.7
O = 3.25
16
41.8
C = 3.5
12

Empirical formula is approx.. CH2O

(A) C2H4O2 (B) CH2O relate to this formula.
𝑦 𝑧 𝑦
9. CxHyOz + (𝑥 + 4 − 2)O2 ⎯ xCO2 + 2H2O

0.3g 0.2g 0.1g

𝑛𝐶𝑂2 𝑥 0.2/44
= 𝑦/2 = 0.1/18
𝑛𝐻2 𝑂

𝟐𝒙 𝟑𝟔 𝟗
= 𝟒𝟒 = 𝟏𝟏
𝒚
𝟗𝒚
𝒙 = 𝟐𝟐
𝒏𝑪𝒙 𝑯𝒚 𝑶𝒛 𝟏
=𝒙
𝒏𝑪𝑶𝟐

𝟎.𝟑 𝟒𝟒 𝟏
× 𝟎.𝟐 = 𝒙
𝟏𝟐𝒙+𝒚+𝟏𝟔𝒛

66x = 12 x + y + 16 z
54x = y + 16 z
54 × 9𝑦
− 𝑦 = 16𝑧
22
464𝑦
= 16𝑧
22
29𝑦
𝑧=
22
CxHyOz = CxHyOz
𝐶9𝑦 𝐻𝑦 𝑂29𝑦
22 22

C9H22O29
12×9 108
% of C = (12×9+22+29×16) × 100 = 594 × 100

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10. MCl3.2L octahedral

𝐸𝑥.𝐴𝑔𝑁𝑂3
𝑀𝐶𝑙3 ⋅ 2𝐿 → 1𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑜𝑓𝐴𝑔𝐶𝑙
1𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒

Its means that one Cl– ion present in ionization sphere.

 formula = [MCl2L2]Cl
For octahedral complex coordination no. is 6
 L act as bidentate ligand.
1×492
12. Mole of O2 = 300×0.08 = 20

NaClO3 + Fe ⎯ O2 + NaCl + FeO

Moles of O2 = moles of NaClO3 = 20
mass of NaClO3 = 20 × 106.5 = 2130 g
13. Let molar mass of A be x
& molar mass of B be y
5(x + 2y) = 125 ...(1)
10(2x + 2y) = 300 ...(2)
Solving (1) & (2), we get
x = 5 & y = 10
 MA = 5 × 10–3 kg mol–1 & MB= 10 × 10–3 kg mol–1
14. N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⎯ 2NH3
For completion of reaction N2 and H2 must be taken in 1 : 3 molar ratio
N2 : H2 N2 : H2
28 6
(1) =1 =3 1 : 3 NO LR
12 2
56 10
(2) =2 =5 2 : 5 So, H2 is LR
28 2

15. Element C : H
Mass ratio 6 : 1
Mole ratio 1 : 2
So, empirical formula : CH2
3
For buring CH2 unit ; oxygen required is 2 mole

 Empirical formula is (CH2O3/2) i.e. C2H4O3

 Correct option is (A)

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16. M2CO3 + 2HCl ⎯⎯

→ 2MCl + CO2 + H2
(excess)

𝑛𝐶𝑂2 ⎯ 0.01186
1 mole CO2 is produced by 1 mole M2CO3
1×0.01186
 0.01186 mole CO2 is produced by ( ) mole M2CO3
1
1
𝑀 = 0.01186
(𝑀2 𝐶𝑂3 )

1
 𝑀𝑀2 𝐶𝑂3 ⬚ = 0.01186 = 84.3 gm

 Correct option is (B)

17. 100 kg ⎯ (10kg1 H)

(20kg2 H)
 W = 10 kg
 weight gain is 10% of 75 kg i.e. 7.5 kg
 Correct option is (C)
18. By carius method,
80×𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑜𝑓𝐴𝑔𝐵𝑟
% Br = 188×𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑜𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑐𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑒 × 100
80 141×10–3
= 188 = 250×10–3 × 100 = 24

 Correct option is (1)

19. 2C8H7SO3Na + Ca+2 ⎯ Ca (C8H7SO3)2 + 2Na+
1
mole : 206
1
 maximum uptake of Ca+2 ions = 412

 Correct option is (D).

20. 0 N
ratio of masses ⎯ 1 : 4
1 4
ratio of mole ⎯ :
16 14
𝑁𝐴 4𝑁𝐴
ratio of molecules ⎯ :
16 14

 Ratio of number of molecules = 7 : 32

 Correct option is (D)

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𝑦 𝑦
21. CxHy + (𝑥 + 4) O2 ⎯ xCO2 + 2 𝐻2 𝑂
3.08
𝑛𝐶𝑂2 = 
44
.72
𝑛𝐻2 𝑂 = 0.04
18

 C : H = 0.07 : 0.04 = 7 : 8
 The empirical formula of compounds is (C7H8)
 Correct option is (D)
16 1
22. 𝑛𝑂3 ⎯ 48 = 3 mole
28
nCO ⎯ 28 ~ 1 mole
16 1
𝑛𝑂2 ⎯ 32 = 2 mole

 Ratio of oxygen atoms = 1 : 1 : 1

 Correct option is (D)
23. V.D = 94.8  molar mass = 2 × 94.8 = 189.6 gm
 mass of chlorine = 74.75% of 189.6 = 141.726 gm
141.726
 mole of Cl = =4
35.5

 Formed of metal chloride will be MCl4.

 Correct option is (B)
24. 8 mole oxygen atom is present in 1 mole Mg3(PO4)2
1
 0.25 mole oxygen atom is present in (8 × .25) = 3.125 × 10–2 mole.

 Correct option is (A)

25. Remain unchanged
The mass of 1 mole of the substance will remain unchanged.
 Correct option is (B)
26. (B)
27. (A)

EXERCISE (JEE-ADVANCED)
1. 6CaO + P4O10 ⎯ 2Ca3(PO4)2
852
nP4O10 ⎯ 284 = 3 mole

1 mole P4O10 reacts with 6 mole CaO

 3 mole P4O10 reacts with 18 mole CaO or 18 × 56 CaO
i.e. 1008g CaO.
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54×5+56×90+57×5
3. Atomic mass of Fe = = 55.95
100

 Correct option is (B)

4. 𝟐𝐏𝐛𝐒 + 𝟑𝐎𝟐 ⟶ 𝟐𝐏𝐛𝐎 + 𝟐𝐒𝐎𝟐

𝟐𝐏𝐛𝐎 + 𝐏𝐛𝐒 ⟶ 𝟑 𝐏𝐛 + 𝐒𝐎𝟐

𝟑𝐏𝐛𝐒 + 𝟑𝐎𝟐 ⟶ 𝟑 𝐏𝐛 + 𝟑𝐒𝐎𝟐

𝟑𝟐 𝐤𝐠 𝟐𝟎𝟕 𝐤𝐠
𝟐𝟎𝟕
𝟏 𝐤𝐠 ⟶ = 𝟔. 𝟒𝟕 𝐤𝐠
𝟑𝟐

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