.- oo CHAPTER-% Me a A number aa Us a del of Values 6 Atpresint lift unt qporntitica. There tre doweral ty number byslome, they are fo Clauss | ge “t ee +| Racimel Number of Binary Newmber dystim Octad” Natrber Heywadecimal Number Aylin Decimel Number Syalin - The decimal number Agilin ta Ahe moet Lom Abt nrumbir - Db see jo oligite #91, 2, a4) *,& 4,8 and 9, The dort , alse tallih the base-io bueause it Aan (0 digit, o wolitimal, rUrmber Us ce positional Hr TE Valu sf a example], Veonsides, the eimal mumbe 897), 4 dn Ha dimnile postion, F am the Kins palition 9 dn che Aurlreds poition , and Gun te Ahoulbrds pOrition -(2? Here , 8 Carter the ight of pour digita } tt Us Hoferreol Ae “ab the msDy ( Most iperant agit ). The 1 roves The et wand Lb tallil the LSDC Least AY ifoant Aigt). “The positional useght 6f tach “gt ok Ahe numbe (997 io Lk aL mel wen Posetional weight ok [+ |] MsD tor Lsb Exarple 2! consid. the vdeermal number (2259, 154) Here , ca Astin RE! tee ae Ae Aeporate : vend proctional parte This wumber consllE Avie 9 thousaade + 2 hundtude- +5 Line . + unde + 1 tenthat oe dadths + Ip thoidandds, wretgh ts vend, is Ap toch ples ay he umber ( 254.154) jo 4 ae baste a 1o* fo! to" "po? 167 ” (eT art = [4] Tntega, pot Fractional part@ 2! a& Number - The Strasy number sydlim us alse hus as Ahe bau 4 number agli « Tk tensiste op two digile, O and | “The following tab shows, the brary digits ® the clecimall number 0- 7 | Binary 0 [ to | fico fjor lio | tt | tooo }loot Decimal | 0 | tf2) 3/4 is }6 | a fe | 9 Exornple : Consider i lols foto) “The tocighte a ae sue ag digit %, the ee Danio, One et frtlouss : 24 2 o% a! 9 oa 1 lel elle] MD ealealatig Racine Equivalent (Mol. lol), 2 2? 5b Li x 2rd x D4 Oxd4x2) tOx20 + (x22) +27) + (ox24) 6+ B+Y HOF! FOS +0 FOI2S +0 (2% 625), " "(© 3.| Qetel Number The Aetol number aE ; lim is the base - number ooia Lonsu a taght oligite | 0,1, 2, 3,4,S, Example - utentider the Octal prembe. (14670.1245)¢. ais AG and positions wp tack oe We eo a (2US Aue ab a + sig me “LPL Def : . (4670 12us), = petuxe) + (6287) +(1x8!) + (0x8 )+ CIxe7 ‘4 (2x02) 4 (4x93) (5x Od) = Hors + Uxs1) +(6x64) + (1x8) FOF ODE ¢9:03125 +0, 0078 /2E 40. 00122 = Yo #2048 + 384 +56 +040" 1254 0.031254 0,004812S40. 00/22 = &sa4, 1652), lexadecimak Number = 4 f ie ae rn fas Ie ‘atts A,B,C, DE Sack & rng 9 pid apt gia e vole Aipstim Haradecimal 4 ocak ses" pe he ie Our value or weight wempressed, aL O he pepe aE Heodeimah 34The. ci Arse . : . shite | Sapa ed decent bette 3 + 7 5 cane ‘Cinds) Coase 8) ‘ieee oo 0 0000 0 Ol L ! 000} 1 ! 2. O01 9 2 2 3 00) |) 3 2 | 4 010-0 4 4 | & Clo} Ss 7: b O1}o 6 6 7 Oly] 7 7 é }000 lo $ a loo} Wy 9 | [ 10 1010 ID A | Hl Lory 13 B 12 )}00 14 Cc | 13 1) or Is D 'y hilo 16 E 15 7. 1h F j4QY|) Convert bel” CEG Lap ad gt teint fon hen te bottom ts the Hetult Lv the ar (101011), 4 pm 8D Lomert (53), te ak 1: ' Ee binate. ypisatont. oe 8 = ele —| x { [| ns [ro wo] Au (= (11 1 009).a3) 2.90 Io |0 2 21 2| so lo 2 2 2 25 |o 12/4 6 |[o ay 3 ° t } (200), = (i 00 1000), 2/377 2/156 fo 2] 18 fo 2| 27 To 2}, !a [7 Ala [1 44 2a a fo VTo~ (212), = (loo M000), @ Kone Cee), i ilk bimn, aquirlent&4) Lewent (0.375) b it bi : dl” ” wane pir sat eon -~ 5a = Mutt p 0.40 2 Multipuf 0°50 4 29 = th Reading devon ie dni tip ts total Cig pasts from (0 375), = (0. 011), bo Nole - You need t6 maliphjin, a4, yu Fone get oa) te fad ; pout 92) hennnt (0.125), tb ite age ctnte ger. part sf" 0-125 by 2 = eo a] P an oe » £00 0 | 2 Oe 1 (0.125), = (0,001) ts y9 hornet (38.21), Sh abe cei te ig te port Le, 38 _2|38 2/19 |0o 2! 9 |i ary [I 2] 2 [9 aie ntec eating xp, (38), = (loo N10), “lemon the pti pot 0. 2) Toleges past wna Ow 2 OGD ide O-gL ty 2 = 08h 7 0-84 by 2 = 163 | ooh = 136 ' 06 by 2 == O42 |0 omgye = tay) 0:44 2 = 0:88).0 0.88 2 = IeF6] 1 0-16 ps bese} ‘ 0-52 2 = [.04| 1 Mult 0.04 it a 9-05 0 Multi by vag down, O:21y = (0. Oollolo 10), Now , Adding te une, dnd frackionad part. (38-21) jp) = (loo 1000119101110) ne (»89 (19) Lerwot ry, D625) te : : 0 te U C1 owetng the inten fet ee, 3 Gh pivetent, 2 [16 | Remaindar 2] 38 0 2/14 fo, 2 7? 2} 47) of 2/0 1 | 0 Rearing up, (F6) = (oonvo), | ‘Corwvetbing the octet port noe 2s at 0.0625 242 = ace tse |t | 0.250 = i £00 0 ae eye [000 | R down , (0.0625), = (000(), Now, fembne the lage and praction, par , (46.0625), = 1001100. 0001), Tea) |” (vy | Dinang = ta- Decimal Lorveracen - 2) Cemut Crooiy), ah Artinmel equivalent. (room), = (x2 @x rox Bex De ixdHixe) = 22.70 70-4 T2 Tf] = 3% An. 82) Comet (toot), & it ecinel equivalent. (toon), = (1x25) #C1 x21) + x2) Hoxd) Hinz) nD = B2tlbet+O0+0+2FI = (SV fm Nefe — Mumber aise Lo the pours 0 As : fe 1, Conmnion_6f iran poet nantes decimal rurmler. Comet (io. tol), sty decimal eqivalent , 2. (110,101), = (ix Dx H+ Ox L)+ (ix o')+ 0x2) + (1x27) = YUtrtot xb tort + mL z y g = Hato HIMOS FOX OIE + 1X0125 = 4240 t0-S4+0F 0125 (110. 10/), = 6+ 62510 Ae.(12) of a 03) Comat (0.0101), te cecimal. (0-701), O+ 02540400625 (0. 3125) | ow. yout (ox2) +0) x2*) +ox2-D4. (127-4) (0101), a 93> Comat (1101.00010/), Le decimal ol" = (1x2°) 400K 2) + (xd) + (10°) 4 (0x FH xz? Foxes) tine) + (0x25) +Cix28) = Pru +OrI+ Otowtt 40 +h ik = 13 +0:0625+ 9.015625 134+ 0.078125 (13,078125), (1101. DooI01), = (13078125), Ame 84)| Comest (Iv01100.000y, to decimal. hot (1x28) +(0.x25) H(0x2!) H1x2)-+ (1x 2)4 (0% 2!) ford) ~ | + (oxat)+(onr®) (0x 29)4U x24) = 6440404844 t040 +0+tO+F0+ 0.0625 (46.0625}5 noo (1001100. Opal), = (46.0625) tr| (> 3. Decimal te- betel Lemversion 8) Lerwent 266), te ity eppivelent ootl m4. sel” Reported deuiscon metheol 01266 | Remainder, poo a] ot o 74 Reading op , (sc) = (ui2), Ae 82) Ronmert (933),, b& it otal epsivedent, Aol” hepeated. diwin. methed 943 Rernaincles, i2t 5 oF | 114 a0 Reading up, (973), = (1415), fy cos 2 f=oD Jel” domest 0.396 5 sefil. a Multiply 0. 335 by § = 3.0 ee (o. te ®2Y Convert 0. 015626, b betel A” Muti preteens hy & = one atige bet ating ols bg & fo R donon, (0.018625), = 01), fw 7) derwat (569, O1S¢25),, us it teas Sot ied | i tena, nl sch Peele depanatiy” yieeq ane bi ai | ! oe | Sao The otal (56), = (10),&) Fractional Rast + 9.015825 Trteger fat QI. 0: 01SB25 by & = ons oF) tiie nt, 0 12s & ho fetal doen, ? (0.0ha2s), - (001), Now, Ming Du tntiper, ond fractional part (564. 015625) 7 (io FO), Any Conversion Se Bctal Number ts Decinat Lemur 872), tb ity ltcimel eywinalent (342), = (9%57)+ (9x8!) +299 = 3xb4 + Ixg 42x) = 192 + 5642 (372), = (250), fru, Lemwet (2356), ty ite decimal typrivotent . (2356), = (2%89) + (3x82) -+(sx 9!) H(6x8”) QKSIZF BXEUFSXL +6 x] 1o2yu+192 +4046 (2856), = (1262), tg i*y) fol” (1e) Lowest (0-765), te it decimal equivalent , | (oes), = (exeD4(exe-2) 4 (sx873) S ¥KL OX t KL g by $12 AKO 125 4 6X O10 15G254X0.001 963 125 = PETS + 009376 40,009 765608 (0.765),= (0:9 781 Seas), ° Convert (26.6), Le te decimal apprivnonk (246), = [228') + (9R8?) + Ge) = 1B PERL = 16 +B+6x O12 = let+t&t O75 (24-6) = (20.45), fy Lewet (135. 36), Gb decimal Copnivatent 35.36 = 2 (735.36), = (x 8°) +(3%8 ) +6 x84 6x9!) +(6K8*) = TX6y 3X84 5 x1 + 3x1 Ox L é = YY& +2445 4+3X 012546 x00Is25 = Wg F24Y4S+4 0 37164 0.09345 (72539, [u## 46375), tr.(!#) 4. Beal. = fy = Bivnatey Aernuenaiin . 2) Tie peemannion pare Set te cots 2 faprned bane viet Ql) Kenmert (472), % sie agp . wl oy 4 4 bina eqpivalent + Vv L 100 1 aig Hence, Gotal (Y72)y us equivalent te Brats fooitt or (472), = a (looltto10), Awe _ Comut (512), 0 ik bin pind Seg 2 an a) [01 lil Dio Hence , De Lgpivelent Py sett 123, lemon, fh 0s) Ada dp)” : = spins? Uerwent (5431)— te vite binang tapsirrelent 8 5 Yu 3 bo 4 4 lol 100 on ool Hence , be bina eqptvalent Mit Coa (Jono onoor), tr. horwert (47. L ‘ ge it 63), ih binary, egpivalont. 7 | ‘ loo i) The bina eaprivetont of eter post i631 001) Froetioal fort : 6 3 tv lio «(On The binasg ayuiveliat ty fraction, aot 4 IO 011 Now, Lambine us te nutty Ty fara a, bevang Henee , the T. tons, Jerr. OA wodlded on the Decimal fo How Lenwersion - Lewurt (423), % Arexodecimal . Repsotid clirision method LG | ty 23 | Remainder, Is | Ve 1 A e (0), Aw) Rng (623), = (4) hy82) drwert (21) ul?! Repeated (2), Ahenaderimedl. 16] 21 44 Remaineler i} 73 |e O |p (130= Du) Reading up (214), = Doig Ans G3) Lorert 683), te hexadecimal. del” Repeattid oldocston a fe |-5 8 Remasnder 16] 34 B Cie = 8) 6 2 4 0 2. Reading P) (S87) y® (Que )ic Oe tt |Leresting lecimal- froction to Hew &l) Lerwat (o. 03/25)p Bh Aemadecimal Teteger pert be) - ply 0.03125 by 16 = Or oO a Haig os ius 8 > J Reading, Loum, (ood (008) hy(2) hermet (969. 015625), & hexadecimal . a port : 969 Repeated diviedm method 16.19 67 | Remainder. rel 69 | 4 | 3 fe | (2 = Su) 0 |3 Reading up, TEI), = ao ng Frockionel port 2 0.018625 Rl at oO ior re ered Reodig hewn, (0. 615625), =(O4) Now, Rembine The intigar ard fractional paste (4 69.018625), = (8C 2.0% i6 Pry\ 3 Hex ti- Desimat Lermensden :- = 768+ 80 +6 (250, = (855), fru Comert 2AF), Li derimel, Loewe Bass), & decimal (2056, = (10838), hannrt 6. ot), te deine (ss. OB), = cai 4 (oxi (OA = got Grot& “use = 866+0.03125 = (86-031 25), Ams LRewet 3256, 2 Gti decimal equivalent . (256), > 6x10) 4 Osx + (6x16°) = (Bx2 56 D+ (sxis) 46x19 QPF = (2 e+ rox) + Usxie) = 2X24 [XIE + ISR! = SI2 4140415 2ar, = G87, Amy (245%. = = (2 u2)# (ion) Enid) x1 = OX Hors + lox 256 + SX EAI — alg ¢ 2560 + aOtkaf a (24) - te-Hex Lenwacen - Sengthetae pg a a nade Pte ~ den a Lerwet Iolonioi, hexadecimal . 0O1O lo III O10 ws aren (toroito10), = 2BA) I, ty a9) derwat ((001 11011110) 5 & henalecimal . I OOL11O1 I 170 J wy pi Vovy a pe (1oettottiio), = (8), rs Lerwot brotonysoro10), te hexadecimal L101 0111. totojyogo Ce a dD A 6 (ovo, loloio),, = (D7-A8) 1, anyN€ 3 ay au) (28) Hen - 26 ~ binaseg Loreen — Lewert 9F2,, 4 it bivang aypiaratent . 9 F a oo. Joo ttt == date (22), 7 (201111100109. the Keranest FA6 i, UE bina tapivnlent . 2 A G Voy Coll jo oy, @ AC)y = (oon toto O10), Ans, Conwert 2BF, SC, & ita bireng Lqpivelint, — ee ¢ Vo ove boy Oo toll ttt olor (3 ee. SO) = (Oontoriiy, iL Ae Lert ( 97, a cane binaaey qpivetent, q + Voy L 4 lool Ol ‘OHO lolo (47.6A)u = (1eo/on 010 1010), tre.S GH6 . (20 R. ‘ ate —Trtegers be va i . in a -Cornpuiler The word diye us Exarnphe Toga (2 tt tan +] 41S will be Aspredenlid oe | Numbar by bivosg notation Pep peP tir] fae, LSB jets aad MSB (opp sy”(23) eo | 23 will beep pooner Lr Number in b one Geel elt] ¢aeton wep ae tee pee Atpaesetation , ont . ste, se Tn che se — the MoaKimun dupruuntid us fF bila. ar Sal oni earns be prformed. vi et ey ma(b Li) wetted Lte edmall numbers. One's esentatien — fret camplomant 7 End orgative riimbese, by Hor te Lomplements, ( tolled 1s Complement forme) . Far exemple , I'4 Leomplement t Yurber 100! wilt be 0110 ond for 0811, well be 1100. Thou fors +6 wul be reprerentid as 01/0 (bu eqpisnlint Of 6) and —E wsill be represented as 100i (I's wamplement of 6) Uy Ore 21 bshe N ty Bhe ssartl dige (Dumber Gf bilt im word), “Thenefors , am g bit word Lan hepiesent rmanimum D8] = 25S nemburs(2%) Example : a the tme's. Lorn lemerc porn of +4] onl +41 on of 4) 46 Loloo; ou | oleh Pa tSign “ul = O01 00 lH lo1o}lo Twok Twes dn hair, Line pots ie,, Thea binary eqyusalinlt: ool tive rumbos in 2's Repres b | Grample number 6 (0110) 2's Lormplomedt will be waletated Ab follows U's Kemplement oy eo ee! 2's Complement of 0110 = TOTO Tetl numb whi ow aati op, Bis eam peut , suing 216 Complimunt neplesntin Therefore, 4 Kit word com rapteanit 20 = [6 rertonerr 43) G9 3) Expuss -4 in tives Lomplement fon: Posi tine prea ot, numbir 0000 0100 US Camnplement trae i neat (T1111 1 Ee Thanepore 4 equals WHT loo Ave Express - 1 in Con's tarmyttoment fom Positive enpoassion Of, Mame, Ooo1oo0o01 US complet HWroltlo Add | al (Tee Theaepore — 14 eauale Ulrotnyy Aw i Addition Rules one: O+ O l l 2. 0 a6 en7 i nou: hae Ly ods , Auch as the eb “attns ob ae ASC1| table are inate wemntiat dehe ond are used Zo Codes 32-124 ase arn at the dpe rat pu ASCH bbl. ‘ sand Adtor , oligita ) cpuncelisation marks, ard te fee rtm grit The Aharaclie oder Ahe extinded eae aoe 128-255 elaberoke e felle 7 up & ee oe an Asou cede 1001000 /000/0! Joolleo Jolooco dat” Lerwert toch 7-6 ods Le tte here — Lqpiivedert The hesulh are 9109 000 6/ Oooo! tee e! HG Tor PTY vy 4 3 4 Ss 4 C > 0 1001000 =48 _. poooll= Ww 7 & 100 1100 = 40 -7L ; 010000 =50 7% The sumlts are +[HEL P]Co S 33) IS¢r1 Encoding S : G The TSCM & on the Indian te Ow ong dehome a Vario Tndiow topic hat te. “nite God Apokem ow! a. STSCI wad trteodluced. dhe Te Tndien Slarolard (OID iM the 199. Th har 256 rAnractie Ades anbbit wethed. ~The character, todas ee sapresint Ce thasvactirs per the Trdtin Aetpts , exhoveat the character Ldods from 0-128 are te ctame ae ASEI Lodes,- You nood O dptetal keyboard. Whik Lorine Tei Lharaclr kegs. Tse beame obsolete wth the saniaita bitte Of te oe(34) te, bo: (UTR &) dom 16-bit (UTF- MK) m ar-bt (U7TF-32) CSerer (5) 7) ng ; | t ayer wehime thot Represints Uncegde sole pout 7 2 beer (ii) U7e-32 > A 32-2it _ teheme ft | Feaprebints Unicode C0de paint. Aang 4 bye ki ae OTF -s—> A Vortable Akot Feapreeinke, Mrictols, pointi- (1) UTF=16 > A 16-bit —_ x XX XXxxX