Ve Numbev Sygtom:- there are Four typo ef Rumbers Whrch ore. mevinly wed Biragy Number't | A umber whith one olerimel airy eonty due Uegits Co or1) Merrow en pinoy. The Bare of" binoy nambers ome Cs 2. BL Gotwoer), y u Teed, SRE Tee bali eine: pidiey wig te laltl tate ora ca, aa3ea), BOB TB oF unirg Boy oligtts TY baw nf cletinied re-do 0, became Tit no. are Wed to Vepresent oltimal res ove io. Solel Hienber: TMC Mol evre eprenntbed Using spe cligity fore 0 to %, do Foret ne, G23, S lytts are B te Ben “y octal ne. Detimed Number 2 These ney ove Te presented Wary tre higity trom 0 409 ord Ge-c6), ArB,0,0,6,F. The bone af Heesaterrmnl re. P16", hetane fait Web Owe une £0 Fepresent Aneh typeof wie fs 16)” BED Mumber:-6 Tt term ‘By’ stem fer "Binoy Coded Decimal" number. TE CPETMREE TS Ato weuriistt rama vals upto "9! hegts. GE To Convert an Prveauid Bcd newer &nto Vol form add %&', Converdien of Number Syston Cane Deurmet ko Any Ban > For Integer Port: mutt plitection method g Fer Fracton part Divigion Methed : ‘ 4 oll £0 By EXP. i Bah al ? 4 T decim ing} Ber Fraction fowr Fractren Welew x Bay 168 Og2 x2 do4 tsy (et) 004 x2 = 010g Froren) cab to = ONG aed 39m = Oe ee OG KL Fe 12 4 Orex2 = O56 = oF} rl , I Site (yeeretsh a (4112014), ‘ 2, Fat (C12n52) = Ctttion. Ace meg Gn bo sloccoia), | Az =. Stop te multiplicatns, Fn Procten, pore @) when Fractm Pozo Then stp ® whey Freon > Pe C i” FE GLb are Not Ponathle He a EP PN then stor, © He AS b am mer ats alee"Zeno! Ome one’ © Te olp of digital Circuit Ca SiHer OCLow) or Hiyh(1) , mum @ Civtak tho — Canty only td SHE oF pwo cligres aan Autordiny | to Legge System. 1 rk Oo — Low Fer Pasitive Legre System af] % os Ls exh og Low | whim Bip valor Lee én betas 0 0.2.5 hon | TE to degre 0 or Low When olp valu > 25 dun Legicd or High Lows Fer Negative Lowe Sytem =D High 2n 1—> Lew ° Hie Applitatins en * Gomimton, Tedephay ater Proirsing, aden Wavigettn, Mi titomy Syitmy — ced puclenl Oroboh ete, Number Syston: . @D Bett wo- tr, ae #,5,6,7,8,9] Tot w- Und 10 = Bax. & 124 Cd, Gena), © Binoy pee Ont) Tord We: ef Used lh <2. = Box. er Coren), 7 (eiont-ony ® Octal iMate f 051 375" 5s, EJ Tot vo. umd = @ = Bax 6 ee G23, , G2s 62), © Hem-Deumal wo. (0,1, 2,3.4,5,6,7 aaa 76,7, . Cb, & dd G ) , Rete eh eo tt TE te - 18, #16 = Bax. & : i Be ac Fa O°), NOTET@ In Digit system each Mgt Ga lerew Calid Q Bit- t 4 Bit = 1 NPbbl i Bait = Byte ‘ 1o2¢ @yte = 1 Kile Byte etka 1o2¢ KG = t2ma = a2? Gye = lor¢ Bylz — @ Te Hip mei of a on bib cletomed We Pa reprsutre Ing Qa} ‘ lot gk of An bit colette aw ca Depa by 0. areNumber Converitay ae BD detemal Number #o Any Ban Alumber =p Diviarn metned + lM Ledgctyed Fer Pnikeqer pent nebrve fe or : F (53 en) —> (2), ff Decimal to may Number) For Fraction port ay Fer Tnteyer pont 2|53 Seraiedy O625xX2 = 125 1 3226 — 1 OrASxD oso 0 too 1 13-0 OGOxr Le a * : ia >0 0:00 x1 = Step. @ 3 uy 3A 7 A agli o | (o625) = (o-¢01 io ‘2. (11010 d, + so 10 ¢ Lear Synth) 9 most som Bie te (53) 2 a Bie iio) lo Lotoy),) Then Fina. ne (3-625) *Gtoter soy) An MOVE: S4ePing ConeLitioms for Fraction Pant Cord" 1. when Fracton pork betom @ ino. Cord. — When Practrm Pool £8 Vefentad Const TE Mrbove He” Corals cre nol folimnl tre dobre upto 5 ory Howe wor |B) ton verte 444-456) — G ?) or Octed Number eG) ® Conver (115), — ( he OF Hex decrmnp nd 6 ares (235), ant ie Geog 2 DAG mal fo Husa - age, aber G864) —s 16| 1864. C2) 6] 1864 © '6 re] 491 > B le] 30 — T1cn) Wi) — 4c) vel rhe ty Gens).8 Reena ocak — es Homeweu G@ (23152), —> (7), o> decemal do oct: come ® (ray, =u), 3 Decima 40 Hava pecsmed Convaren G23 5), eee Sam name ty oletectad 7 ® Heva-DeGrnad Wes (23:8) C1). 0,3,3, 3,9, 5, 67, 8,7 Ee Toler foot low CA) 1663 1300) HEY 1g Fraction Poot Ue teen 4 fe] 123 Remand Fer Thractory P O52 HG ora. WE : eee * O12 x16 (8 é > (123) > (72) O92 KG 16 16 O2KIG =O132 =O | i } uy Repented Ae (8% a 3} Ao Fined temue ‘Stop. is 9136 Ye : 9 & (231-36) —> (2), = aKTw 2020-2) Home werk. : To Get Any Bare do deuma ; (rower Metid) 2 eG Ce 8S Hoi, 30) fa iE. (2427) o(i na *)46 na) +O a9) \ 25-5) 4 iy = +(1 J +Cxi y+ Ox 4, = 4+ me +2 go 4 ot 4 20 +27 +0). : (68 ta 41 voy, 7“ G35), A ) vusyer B (525), —> (2), oc. (eed + (1x8) + 6x83) +@x gt) +ex09] Yotrg Pocier tee a it [BX69 4 56 45 ++ Ei, : ‘ = QE + SEAS + One oro rens) = G17-22.@:3) Arnsss © Mer210,, (2), 36 Boonen +04) +@ wed) = Gi) Hic) vex ine ie = © 304 hié+2 + 010625 +0,029), Alqu= tote-xy > (2482! 4), Ay O ©3p—> 0), resiGrae: @ In Arotog Peehnatosy , Pn formodim Tn Digi Tachmaleyy , trijermedo Cd trem lated fnfo eleebse Piha fo chroma liad Pnto Binoy | Veugty Am plibel. orate or 1) , where coeh bit 20 wopYerendetin of tuo oldy!fruk amp Urol, Orgitey @ Fyn a Continusy drjnef @ DGStM Seynol ovre eliscrete po, repreds phy sto mm enrncnds Etre Grynab qormwtad lay clinton “moddtuin ; a Vit) = Vn btn “ble eo Haman Vora tn ay Se Computans 1 €D4, DVDs em @ More Libby to Sek afferlteal @ lon offettad Sine pohe repre recltn Ati). ain) Aneleg Bx adature Binoy Arithmetic operattwy Subiay muthplicatt Divrsgon o+0 Oxo = O ot Saute Ito 20 l+o Ixt = 0 lat Eront ua oo le 1Detimal 2 oct? or octal Ho Hema -De urmey Hena zs 2 3-8 Bingoy cere clap Binary meprercnted — AY BAP rere ated Oy 2 2 go oO =p (ascr aye (% S83. Fer given He8a-dectmeg mo, Fhe downy Aare dinay. I Ae. er 2 BEL howto hy ©oe1 too tary, ® conver 2%, — (2), eR Ce 4: We Binow,, Ne { 1 axa Enfut ee Ne fre pau Rr Abit fr tea-seyrmns, - Ce a3)x “hive yh and MY) fs aliorwy Comp lrmenta ae , = [(v?-N Where -¥ — vedi oy Bax 3S Complement = [¢ Ny] ad O-S Complomnnt = (@r-1) -nJ W > Ne. af Prbegey cligtts ore 2 Grmplch = tey's Complement + 4] N—~ Cven Number Fer Birney Humber —r (Gam) oe 14 Complimect £ 2's. Complewects | Fer Octed Wumber — ¥¢aany 28, eek ge Ts Compras 2 8S Comptimect | eS ae 1 153 Complmt 9 y6!5 Complems, Fre Weta lebron) nab fe Pediat = me }eF Leon a> Complirnt 2 Joo Complement. Pre Betimad Waiver Tew BO Findear ay © 210 Comybmut efor gyn eth N = (646700) fo 10 9 comlmey 2 [r?-n] ahefenp sD Need Tnheser digits ¢/ Ces) clcrmet number 646700), v h = Wi = Moooeea) © #07099 = 453300 1 OS Complement = 95 Complemet = [ey -n] fe = ((e8-),- J = [6999996] 7 (99959) -6 $6709] Complimut toy 9H no. IS Compe = Orn)! _ _ emp = Ce-1)'s Complerah [or -9 — J dey ) Hp) — (ott oos)7 = 1ZB), — (o11006 Men) 2 CORR Corse] = [ ooo) Binowy Surat of020) 9 2\ lox Gas = 45329 sel @ Find out 4% Lo Cotioos), re ae epee pelotnaeg] ft St thew (iD, ~Cetto03}] Ps re 2 i, Vt yyy -lollasg = 4s, (160111) > oy + ¢ 2 Geri) 2.0 Conmplom = 28 Groton ; 6106 DY Compld +) 25 ole {aadale. V/s trick or_1'5 are 1's Complumact @ Fee 3's Complonut , Replace fee given thong bts 4 1-30 oo, oe (lotett oo) > Binay no: WWW (0101001) —9 15 Complnne- @ br ww Compl | actol 1 fn 12 Complt, ' YO 3 Ololosl) +1 Q Adel 4 ToT OOo a's comple. TH Stgneoh Binawy vombers To Stgnet bimany tno F aba ayy, © emai inks Vepremd y ponies Prerty the S99 of gin no ani etre ee (wents, tcghgis. 1, i 8 428 BiP Lecatn £8 ‘a! anol Ar ave & ite Mumber mse fs 4, 7 (tf = Goi ry > Sty met Binoy TCrmeresaresy JME Leeatomah benny ain ‘ Sign Peg ni hues, at res me ae to msg (otis Vit) => @i3) a oe at Gmplrments ot Stgreq Vumbers ee ee ee re ae @) Fey 19 Corrploment .MS8 Bit fs alone Unchanyed anol Remaim beta ave weplund 1 436 £ O94. 2 a8 oh 2! ae =e B42! 4 Complomeut of (lolloil) Sin Rea @ Fr 2% Complmet ado! 4) Fo 39 Complot, me 2) Compomeat — 110610606 hd Se Ae: a oo, Subhastim of THe Biney av. uring J’ £ 23 Complomur FC =Ciete), —uniy 3° Compl — [- APB) SPp2 Take 314 Complint of (loro), 2 0101 Ht I Lovelam of Amanblee 02 SEED Add Hits no. tp beyer omg apa 3S wit Sy CO Home wed, : SEP Remove ine Com olga ee geen ao 0 te ty 0100 +1 Ged. a. Sut : oe (ete) - Ging, 0) Ste2 Tale 54 Compl of (111) 2 0000 ¥) 7 Se Smale nD 2 1010 My teo00 e | i i t Teo fj ieee com ine Gitiuse 1a ine 20 Complomnt of the F a Br tue ayaily Complnr

B) 2 2 tt Amnller be? SPet Take 51 Complnt of (jo), 3 0101 { Bly Comer of SEES dd fuss no. tp bye ity + O10] Howe wu, a oe 100 Sabtmt ((010), frrotoos), Shee ae He Cay bee 1 56 Complabe ald tte tre remit 2) © loo +1 (ole, a GB [AeG (let), nny, Spt Tae 44 Com of (11) > 9000 SEP Adel thle te halle ne 2 10) a toc00 Tere SResl thee tye Cony , mums frre andy fh dre 3/0 Gomplument of the Rawih: Axo tame extn 715 Complar ap Frmed| wrernth ond alo Pul oppante or Megatv, Sogn: Y tome 4 Cy), 2 -olfo) Ie Unbey 9» Complas- =e ue (ny, = Crepe), {pA >B4 Set Bw wv, Compe af (ole) = emp lo} oe ay Ol |o Sep-B Fett AAA Hebe haget me fy, » +Ollo e@lo, Shep Des canes whe ¢, oo Ty Vout. = (lol ny ro On ater frnal Grol) xa es et BEB) (ion) -C1p, SPT Tale 2b Comp ey (Wy) 23 ae oe S00) tA The Ad ts Jo Smolin wo ve loo ta00} SD The Hy 2 Co noe 4 the Tan fy f 2h plat fi ad cae Bi fit Jam ete a mw 21d Compu ef (Jon) 2 cae te) agre 4 TH Binny no's wry 2'9 Complent form: Cx THD porte amber’ e629) +04) Q Pr Conver Ente Hynu Binvy. $24 pBGR16 &e21 For tve 2 8th Bit=0 Bool liol Fr Ven 2 Bth athe +1494 3 + do0d1 Gol | Ool!l 0000 @ “hoe b> to Coogy. apa Bee both 00s Gre dame: dip es > +42 Are Con A>B ond A> +e, B3-ve . 639) +(-22) = 2 Sip Qe > magpie 2's Complnt Mm = =A # a & Conveled Into sh tr: egebne br (A) YD 622) f wit be fer tn ft: ob bad Be tae ae 1B é-321c B+ 2] Gor: a ae = Oo o;,oi 40 A) Crk C44) spe Li 1etedt Ob my tolol®? i jitetere, feet ea (00 100)) 1), 2 Coloolll +l 1 lolelo et 19.0.010001 Gog: eB Die cand Comyn Meme teh By yan eonelt « = 0041006) = +I% = &donk 124 Comp umité of Jokiewing summer ) G634), i) O59, FN ] Nov of fhipee sal © 30> Comp. = [10° -0-456] Nz 0-456 me = ([ hea (Box) Y= 10 sff-o4+s6] = c++ i 10 Com. = Irn] = (0% 3624) =(/00 - 76-34) @ “) No 7639 Freltut ts Compliant of. Pollowiry Wurrbors ® (ot-o1), ® (Crtoio), yy yea Y22 { \ ‘ ene 2 mp [C1 -6 pune Cee [ox-»] ere a mp e[l 18 J = [@4),~ vor] @ =(@.- o-t010] =, » rlote) | * [o,. —fher- oy 6 Fist conve (Ie) [ts Ee Conval- (1) > into Binary . tio inte Binay. O12 ed (19, = (tooo), Fan ifs ep. = @-104 Tren Gece = lol. val) wie}, © (P58 8.58) cane, ~Gtoy. or o-oo 0810-1) ey ++ 010) tt (va)s_Comploment: iohere fer Baiger tw [Tr A] =m) wire Fre pore ay (O11) Sant Find aul 3". Compl of Gln vy. (lol ttor) Jor er Aégtt = 3 te ate cr = +| 1) Comp: [© -a7J - tortor ] ae i. Ss (@ = 00625) Hol tt] 2[@ 9375),,— lol: viet) nto Binoy , [uiny, ar anfen (c10-021 9) A Replou 't' by O° and 0!a Subtraction woth 9's Complement equating de ne ef cligits Ioive Me minverd Q subtmbend, hy gubire Lae of way Tere. WO Fred Jur vie COMPU eg WD Adel mimuimel wutie y's Compkonnt of Subhe she Uf) TE ne sun prtdnes « Carry, chiscarel PE CU Sf ne sum aloes yk produ om enol Corry , talc yee v's Comply of whe veratiney Sam £ plac ox Majetive Sign Pn fren. Exrmple- wring jolt Compliment vaing 9's Compliment - Sf mela-neo ev mel ollee > 46532 — 4250 P sim 23 Compry ones a 'O8) >; Stee. 76832 -o4dea wg aia SHEED 0's comptney og 21d = 107 09.150 ele, tooeoe -04-250 | clucard «Bye o or en = 9¢3se cmbenn yy Jirel lee = Jooe Stepan esse se : ax. 4— st ie $F W010) e gutco-ines ee en 25 Compe pepe eke eo. = : aa BAF Teve Pog Cony AO Alistomal ts oles on os weno Boolt " #€ 76532-92507 42202 Sonnaiin ED© 4280 e632 gy Ny yd oles not Procter, Ao ; 04280-76532 Jule gt eo Soro eares ws Oomph gf Ter22 se fe yee, we oa ae oO ts C4260 — ~ (0ORD- 76532 = 23466] a + 23468 [ecer Ey 27718 when frre? Yate COWS Tea Fos Compl of rarel- Cb Moo —1101 —Jooo; we fined Me aam—sert, = — 72292 10 -24710 a soccce-277/Q= 72202vel w crn's @ UF spe cour Ge jolo—i teil -Prnd eu Pr Frnat Results (joi -118) of —olelo—ile1) Woe 41'S Complnet oY oll = e0loo un Olole +00l00 = otilo CRO carry them Findent” yw PH comp. cy oto = Reduel- al NED BINARY NUMBERS :- Segnact tails Mobitote There wo ave ection, wating tr-1)'s_Comp Ltment™ f equates “the oligite 3 ways im minutnd 2 subbrobind Complimed- to nu Subtrahemrsl Adel minens uicta ys Compltminl of Subtheme! Wit acloltham procue or ¢ Produ a cov lelo jon = Ax es magnitdt. fo veprennt 9 @ ery tet adel 4his Corry te the LSB of the Sum ddlole on aloes ae t- my ee te ty yeoulk of ebove com emd pla aera iad cen tuaees Nagubve siqy fn front « loool ren -frnef appa” am NW bib veseds bsp fe tender binary Wumbey som firs | sm bit -venent fey STG armel Remary Signecl binary Wumbew— Siyred magnituall vesprercntatren 4 21'S Compdamene ‘i se fer Base a's ” ” Tila 9. : = 060 Signed mag nitole wenpven njedron «) were eine Ne ge Complement we Rave fend Terprerertaton of +20, Sik, 2's pCemp bement veoprertntectres +10 5 71'S Comp. +20, 25 Comp. temnprabe ot Nogmad 00 ioe Yeap rercniattos =) se 4S Complement SSgnef binary Aumbers- 7 Wiebe pes] oe) sat tog nvticle bi- —_9 = tI of i fofile: hte PE Sign Mouprtbel bie oe fi Jute eolt Lin ofofo]il ife)o tfifi fe CTT Te tTefil +1 I [1 fole} bool ‘Te oh colo n Og etek Io tm ¢ ducking Sign wtb fey 4's Comp dr BE venprernetin, -2 \ 601 6)0D sO > | 1ie10” ANS Srqred bine HO Yee rez 1 O010lm® Hoe zy proven ee + V1 oGlooCs woo, yemeaal wh ES BR gg ae ST , Y Adeitien of Two BPaa Numbers wong 9's Compliment: ‘ ye Can ai ones A rem gemply voll — Cored wher hoth mo. ore Pas'ttye » Pe ¥ == 4 Sign Magnitude 4 . uO +16 = ° 10000 413 2 0 ot jot pata Signy tal pO oy a Sepa frnclouwt 2's CORT porrtive ne. @ Smaltey Megative Mumber-B@ thm finde a ‘ er oma tam aolel to pariitve Complete Srralder Megative Mur og Ae above gum muni Procite oo COTY apy Corry ba always cls Convvle] oral Yearning bits give pe pam Hw Sur GAD 40I2) sign ore mognttaot gee ° lotto ~) t a then fenden- 1 fooo] iF 71 looy finden 91 Complarnent of (19) 7 nie 3 = J i i HE Sa 0 ooo! , patil? 1 tony | US Complntény= pot lo . | 2 fo eens, 2's Comp. = al a sue . joult 1 W000 25 Comp of (14) 1 tun e2r 2 0 lolle peer “At 2. ate tobr td oO Ob dod atte eran wit "GY 401m = 9 oolol S220) 40-9) 420 = 0 yoy a0 ; at je 'y a ‘ Oo lil ~ Meek ES Oop 40-9) 12) Palco ou 2'S compet (-3) 5 +t f § % —_—_—_ ye we) +(-F) = F132 — ee aeeet nr aaT Le (#20) +0-3) oy) bw enc i =e0leel ! she 2 loloo aoe Qe etto © “ yd borS @mp: of lavja wagahve Me. Pele! porrtive moe units 2's FAL Comp. oy Lowe egetive ne- ; Bsns above adelcinm el P 3 een met produ amy Conn Ine yemell- fhe wegative QE Uo te feted ats: combidenuce erprenntatin: pen TALE ws comp. & Gi) + C22) aad ae opin Ther a SOMO y ht oO Jo frnel Tras vet uve taue egos Pa Stet TOE tixo: eyed Bt tomp-ey fen ne as Comp of ¢-22) 2 1 loos + een sp cae, Py. a © Lolo ene) Oo ollto >——. Blloos at Signe Om, (Prem Both poumbery in Megative erm 5 W) Ferse, pale 211 comp. of each CO) addletren af -Ihene Two no Procite a Cevmry See eeay PE Peel Eta 2scomp of (9) EE ghee 1 Cio tome py “ No. & Lrg WLLL be ebistenotut B'S Cony OOH Aton wt Tilee Ten To) — 4+) Nee SEL, Ae ( iy dayne ase age i Subtaton af poo binary se worm, 2'5 Complement Gay-(+9) @ tre Findeut 2's Cmplayg Gay ve +* = 0 0460 ah sb tag) +) cy >aTy econ. ay ps0 ore BO ror 4 + liot 1eOl eo. 18 e—— 1 @ ea wisi t +f lo 7 th Vivoy +1 K zh 1ee iui CE, Nora Toosr-, Bw i. omy ie ous ! Wooes Whe Toor | & i feed be = Pe e010! eB) @ Watt ticattne Oxo ® divteroy eet oxy ; tro Ixy BCD Code Binoy Cocled oletimop Votre upto 9g leg. oof + BP Barmy ~ ocn Fr gy Coon ——s soveb tea Rito, Bee TS q-Wm > 2% : a Le a aa 2001 oon = Geroay) Bcd Aetcitin Gy 3 rf sum Savatd ve Binoy Por | Holle — add M4 (eeeloa ggSafhavy wartinmetc Peinery dottition se angered ‘ --o° Binayy Subtvackons- ‘Se - pare le #O10 - Otto #O 100 Binary muthiplitedtion ») ° - xLor 7 lore Binary heb ud Mon 18 ge. co O20 00% De ee 2s = label tloyllog 0101 he '> Jor d 101 or Bed Actolitim » Beampu’ Adel 26 223 fn Gen code. & 20 oolo 1000 ae 4 0dt! gold 33 Oso te SOT Sumof Riya mos group im Binary LETT ; Tart ee 79 40 we aold 6 de ojJ0 te roll toile ° Grei ren ool = addtd to Went group. + t cory eS Rene Aner ve C110 tere 1a tem Cone, (Ui_gintics [> Bawe gates ( Not, awo, oR) J -Uns verge getter ( NOR, Wand) al tae Puopere dele C Ox-on 2 Ex-wor gortes) NOT ake + Ay fate Ww Prrachted cx. Seas Top Op = = Topae sey ee Truth Table ? pst buh ip (A) a saT A MSP OP C0 the Cony tpt oh Srna poets iat ANDibaten! O1P Fo High volen att Prpity ove Jey. Emr a (ae 7 Dien Fre- propam , a a 2 10 Precticad clue Ge » QRhakes O1P Po Low when abt Cnputs ave Low Other tung Mish. Sembet yeAre —— Praétend elk, Te_Diajram £ * Sealy ¥ ay “Ow piv i 4 ¢ eth Table “TR B = A “7432, 12.0-]-40..[2.0., oO I 1s ° \ ° | ta bs rea, ! { I Nor Gates ojp fs His whon alk Pnputs are Low: mee 2 el Te - Diagram Y= Ata eC = Deans Syrabol st Samet Practtee? Che % 13 ne Wiel eager> N Te -Diagram a BOD bate Practttet cht ae eee Bon Mes Duth -Table EP ae Foal tel PL aes . Pe a Olp 05 Low whew hiya. | Jano —--o0/> } 1 ° alt bopats ane Hegt Ofterusr 1 Ex-or Bx- OR Gate: when all Pnputa are dare one oup 0 Low, ofhiruex Hersh - a yp Y= Ag+ Prachto® ckt- Te= drape, A@B 5 @ hunnue f A An gi Bt —ee : 7 1¥ 2 ao nop Gat: Deron Bate 2 isten “alt Inpnbs ave sdewne ine extrat fash other Low: Spiel A Y= AeraB »y Bs ‘yp FOR . Prachted kt Te = Diajeam ‘ -aood Tap ote?! yf Czy “4 oI < Toute Taste, sleet ate a i\e s BA we vA Y Vawuuin sod ia Loe ml 74-266 v te Ss 1 6é 4 Shark Trick fr Te Numbuey Ge e Nawo Nom wer AND OR Ex-0 = ‘ 7 a Brean + + TeT400 Tetyoy Teo Te-140g separ Te-MeC Te MH26Univevs of SO NAND amd wok gates are Calliol 2% Univerdat gates beta tty cam perform omy till Lspercitrm of} barte gates amo abo Ce b> pomthle to Top lment omy boolion eprentn. © Nor Gote Using NAND Gake + A inpar © AND Gake using NAND bake + oop) aarp) Y=A48B =An Bra SOK Babe voiry Nano Gate ; CD eee © * N= AR = A+e ft De morgan Heres 6—r pe = © AR= A+ 5 yi=xAza © ja = a © NOR Gate using ann hates Y= Ga aia) A A CDA ye Ave yore bet asaex thin yo won e FT sp, “pay © €-oR Gate Laing NAW bates A A @ - 5 Ae AGB AEMe NOR fake ay Univovacl Gate ¢ 2 5 ; — 7 2th Ve © Nor fate wnirg won Gate, f oe : Guna yea. {Areca ® ORGate wing woe Gate + \ A mer Ye ORO) +B) YoY = we 8 2a e Where x 2B @® BAND Gate Using NoR Gate : A 4, N= A+R =F-% = na pele ei er z ® nam gate Wing oR Gate: - zx )) A Ae os, »y or, sr ree eee AND Gauke vary mek gare ® Ex-oR tote Waing Nor date: - = BA +A +A0 +897 Y = wAa+AB [y= 7s] Ex-or Cokeufo Cote E 7 & A Jw) NOT Bote ppb gedie vequirsol- —— o wa pan eett fp ficDe ae “© oRGate a cs RT — Fe Hate ww ete Ao agete of cone ete OI i en a cap 9 OR aoe Rr-on gate Awe nici ES Pp AR a 3 Agate: © Ex-wor gate re . nae, eoper>— ys nos aopk OR Gate —» 4- gate om Wisiate: a we Mt E ple ee ont : B a © ano aD AR 4 390te » > 8 CP ok n= Bp agate Y eae Fo - BE Boat oles a heap Arisa + B+ ATR & Aaa Age 7 = Ge mra) + Be Ore > als a 4gate 8 ae oe Rep + BCAND C+ Are i, a eag Aa+Aa+ Aare Ba +a = Ags ARB + QTD) num) + CAD AAA) 4+ BC A+B) AR +n +48 +88 a ° no+AB —7 Se Beokean Algebra aan Algebra OD oR taws @ ror iay @ AND Law Ato =A Comp. (4) 27 Ale A An is Ao =A Ate 2 a eae en patel AR =o © Commintie td © Amotondng bau © Disdelndny A+R = ata AttA+e) = G49)4c @ Artec = (448) (AID AB = 2A A (A-c) = (AB)-C Pat Lb prs PACHA) 4RE @ De: morgan’ laws. = A +AR+ee © SAltAnene ® AB = +B 7 avea te line » change ra 4k +h Sign. (3) CHO + AGERE Arm AnH) = AA TACT ARE Be ) > A+ est a | @{ 4 | ®\ awl mB) w+8) ayn) oer] B-B] 2 AlLAtO+ BCALC) ° | olt lilo ° =@r0 (A+B) i, la lolo 1 eee eC ‘ ® Samy. 1foloJifo A-CA4e) = A-B+Ac | 'T 1 Jolo t 1 (= 3) (mm FB) SE Sto, tre Gyatn » tes Complootty Ome Cut Emplomenteton Cert BEY? Fst Product tne 91p Yenmbly ¥ Sop Ferm C sum of Product Paz ) then sum. Pes Frm C Product oy Sum), frst sum te sip Voreiile ten Preut Sop form excel, SOP farm & 7 mm Product term ey ‘kno as mipterm or Ln biconts Aogtcey Exprensm 05 4. Ye Mae oe Aa + Ag . Pree Tpvmont; $9 oe) ae b pre Sahel per ote oat 2 Y0A Baran z A) =m 4 1. = natemrice a9) ‘CAD ae Bs BE THE BES somamp POS Frm A8 +ha +8 aoe AG +8 (148)But WA =) PA SCH). & ABrR Ne if FlAae = @ ere cive three Voi bles typ F(A BO = =m (o S fr w VOW bles — mart mum Pomsibility op © Fe n Varma, Melman — parnsele legicop 1 @ Cmbs notin Whee Or. 4 Ome Not Prerenf ve = RC itn) = Bun 7 \ [7 (Agy = SO (0/147) = IC 2) © Porshe fron Oy em function. UAW =7M(2,3, 6,6) Mminterms amd mop terms Gre gh » Enpronny ore gp 3?Momentos Srampltty Hoe “to lewving Ceprons, vie! (Haff ref Spa Wing Demargews Hreorm AGT = Aen Thy ae Nos (aw . (x7a) 2Aa( Ae ha) Y= AB(a (A+w) = WU —> AB = A+ T= gan Crew @ Y= able) —> ° AAA N= Ae t+eee — © Prove the paraten = pve Fist method dre metrey ary Lis = A+An+Aa ey =A +BCH+A) ° oO = A+B Danae) » Heme pPravernT =A +BC oe Gra) care) eee Luss @ra)larc) A te el Ara fac [ac | FET TAGEION = PA +He +9¢480 6 | olo| © lo Oo 5 Bub AAA ten ere ae = Ls = A +AR +ecHaC © | O\F| © ia = ACHR) te +0¢ o\g¢bol! |! o}f | B=) De Liss AFACHRC Dd) lig 1 \ \ | \ = — = ALAC Fe i ; , 4 —_ ee V\ohi\ tio | ( ]ufet tr ja Oo |) } Lua bach El 1 a) “ . Ba +A Mew prawe bs vein oan @ (Ara) CAFE 40) Carnes (asa) + @Ca+A) Dey Hho Ara > x Pen 4 > +0) LAtB te) (x48) : POR do wiry Trowgaxtinn fhcerem— qo, At AH) = Aree v2 (kK+ed) (arte) Rut cea 0 Ten Ys ¥ (A+R +c) = 649) (Brad) y = 4amree snd yO tacrac SD = A +ARTAB FAC +AC = Awa) tAT pac rac ‘ at leg et Pe ye AFAR TAC TBC 2A a) FACTe ein 2A rACHBC = ACI#e) +00 =A +@c S 28k puiS Home wou @O simpth f = [nBe (cr on+AG]c @ f = AB+Acarc)+& Care) © f = a) (are (Ate) @® f= As+n Core) +ac p+) © f= Fico +aaco Boubled meus —> NOT fanctren or Bor Le an efancto Tenplonentetiy wring aad Grote only Y= (@#ajc)o SPL Tplnk wry dente Logre gabe 4: a & b s Step pol bubbles om tw O1p of each Awo gute arf bubblis on frp Gidt_to Att of Gate. A \—__—_f B [e—y c aaa D Step-TZ = dol NoT Gate Whore new bubblis ave Pnbecluud. ®@ pee a ae b agape Reploud Qubblol OR Gate by NAwd gele ane NOT Gece utite NAwD yoke as NOT" ee a Dy. Y= (Grae )d > Fmplomet only nor gute rep Fist Pimplul- uy Rane gebor - = Dy meen @R Add bubble on te Clp of ech OR gate ard on Prpwk Aros Gf A AnD gatu- ses ara Op =D Cc a D o bubbles ave. Pm troduud: . gates whe neo Shep fae Lorante Elid a— = es pe Gains Ease D Step. Repland Nor gots fy No gate by wok gate: Ras wor gate arel bubolid Add ieee: ae A e aR e Dce te Sieee O eieat pe omy EE Le From Tab ft 0 chor that PontHve Legre wamo — Negedtve Logie Nop Negetive Loge wang = fonihve Loge Norm Standor| SOP or POs Conversrem '+ SHarelrd mung AU Prput verted are aviluble into eo mink : OT moxtavers. 44 Cop 2 pos. AB+Ac BM Yabo) = TP Hore tn enh tem ont vert 4 -miny FAB +BC-) Ao fe 1 anne form = ABCCHE) 48 C(B+B) CHE =r = ABC +ART tAACTA RC Sind gop- Vinee) = Sm Con, 10,01, 00) = £m(1,3,6,7) o 50 1 © ylradg = ea Ct) > Pijrve] Pos { = Prary) (A+C19) 2 ‘ F(are+et) CAtc+8w) LS ARaR B= = Gans)Carart) (A t8+9 GR § eres) Ap brtoton : Y CAB.) =T1M (000, 001, 100, IP0) pripety 2TIM(0)1,4)6) - girded PosK-map dor to vows Ete venta ts A YS a \o ; o eee y (ena e kemap tr threr variable At Fe tea vote or »Mintemicsel The atatn eeprentin- Fron fear 1 Poisbernds ame abe 2 fim pir 2 Y put clus to sop form. AP maprorets au Minter by 4 1 8 CT) SHertcomny tary % q =D Verttet pair G@rner Paix But Dieyonod Flr —> No * Yew &, Fla Bc) = em (0, 1,3, ¢) Lie) i It 1 | / YOABo 2 AB pC + an ws 8% F(A BO 2 em (01,25, + a03c) ani Dowit Cave, wre. to make tes Petr of Anwye to fer’ cop Ferm. hits ore epractad by '%* Sole, VOBO)= Ber tte [Ws = A+e 1 | FABD= Sm01,3,7,0, 15) 4dC0/4,5) XPihD)= AD FED® Simplify the following —Pamettn wnting Ke- mapr we ECAR = O13, 4% S 7,9," 13)15) oe os aval Impl vy degre co Re \ co oj te Tara 7 FlAB40) 2 1D TAB = DERB ee i Ra FAG, S0) DS Pos Numerical s YEAR) 2 1M (0,2,3,5,7) a a BHT =) Ye prmta by Soy 10", Cer wrthiny ro Ge prone Fars act BOs Sem pat Yormblls “Ho dq Product’ z ~ YAS) = (A+z) HA+a)- (Ate (A+z)C A+B) C A+) GA +Ae +08 +BENAFO Gz +Aa 482) (APO Ane +%R6 rade HEC +ASe, 7 Yeats aT rane +H BC E AEC HBT ABS if] wu Convert fnto Sop form: ve = yeas FM (0235 V= m1 4) A YAO = RoC +Ae & Fer a beban fonctim 9 4 Vorrbly 2¢93,11,1%15) = 1?) Ds Fe $Vommtle , totnd no. af Comiyretm of logical Cepremn &F 2 16 Fe W434, 56,7, 8,9 10,0 1213 es Ber 9,7, m1,14)15) ave Sep Frm ten yeman feym: ove pos Ferny’ , re ' £ AAAs 95.,0 16,15) = : ™(0,1,2,4,5,6,8 /7,10,12,13)Y “ont 1,2, 4,4, 0,11, 1%, 15) ao a lei ri (‘ef ei AG oo Li Ww SOP te aut mintoy ame Fz aye Ve prntes) by 2. BB of fost fool Hf puont ose He vssh On fa 8 rT ™ tric bow. OF stHtH—tk Mice Bi 2s Croc Miu ™H tert ou = 2 { =© TH joan = 3 hy © Ty fed 24 : For Pai Hontt 4p, 2 A Gane Y : viet ¢ fe Sofie fet pata Pe fa @ Homme Hp 2 5 Mu « Veto Up => c,D - at wee Be RD Horrebel 302 3 Ys @o oe ee Vertue 3 €,p ow +CAranc vB Pre Feir® — Hotentol fe 5 Fg T+ Ac +acd +a20 +Ancb) Se Vertrent Op 4 2,5 LS ae AinplHed Ze prom, Home wo = EmC 1,3,5,9, 1,13) - OY 2) Yeo 2m (1,5, 6, % u, 12,13, 15) © 7 = 2m( 041,2, 5,13, 15) 4, Dos ¥9cm8 2.09 = TM ( 3, 4,5, 44, 1314515) +4(0,2, 8) & PB ? ao. arf in Pe fot ole cr - ie oe p (Arer5) ge | Fe WD yp, a8) aX) i Td ir rs Vvza2Ce PE = lo ze iT 4 81 (aed) } ; PO A> “Bie A+B +e© Wetply mintru phe MY So preean woy k- mae sop fliage) = =n Cotja40) 50 é ae Dac ac Sea fir sop ase Sy a Tapredts olf Minteyms AEG 1 ry f hy 4. A = F i PAE Do Parry ty gl Nov od Enput- ae an the Erp a Ralls or Pats __ i pew Ot Me ANS Tn bow Gent peta aie al Tee Oat pe BVontesly) i Wor pomtsle-l pag jae hee Sttad puly = 4 ¢ Mh re posted oy Piatra Rar 2 9 fee. PH bane pele for 4 oa SPP wrth He eeprom — Frat Pre Qut toe FIP vowtiin ity Howzmbey Line then Pn Verdread Line er ee per: Fety-1 — ppaomat op = 4 foam | Ce {2 chee th cade co amd to ond | weiss i foirat — bpeomat yp a oer F VO 2p go & Thu ftaac) = Gey end Gone form to sop ve © Fist produ oe DP Ag Vonsliy by Honfeahe Z © [flage) = 64 H8 pres Vetted Line tren odd Shep-@ Bache ope 22. pie, ole Ving Bare Logie gote— cane : A —tbo- AR £¢m8,0) ae ae ‘ Stapf Praadcht— —- sets fe Vee tp Bad : op aoe c o ae we 1 3 pithy fnbsbrard? Ceomt A De Si # con ag Taare gute © ee AareFCA4,¢C,0,.€) = »E) = = em( 0, 1,2, 4, 5,6, 10,13, 14, (8) 21,22, 24,26, 29, 30) pe Se pve aev® co ot Re oo ie ‘ ; féo0] | Be ot \ 4 nm at Be ol) ITT] ee Oa 0 4 5 ae iy ™ | BE \o BE Io, ® fe: tor@ ee Paty of @ ,whtn pak cibeve qo whi ard Athel vette pul prove — B® noc oan el VBE pur® HF cont loo methyl by A, ber 16 Clenend for feo Pair@ H> 8,¢ ij —~ Bc rw} | v2 pe lo eine Nae Tea a ee Flmaeo.6) 2 YE pe+ cba + MB Ra0t Aacoe & Saray S = 7m = 7 (0,1, 2,3,4,4) | ’ -Du24 ne e_ st 8 Puc-O Ho ® o| a2 Cana ° ! Par HI° vy 2Bc a) ah = par@ K-30 \ © von,e @ @ Sz G+) (orR+<)- (0 +8 +8) “ Peay] An—SR Gouke Sorplbvadnshre BERS Erp rattle. = Se ma Ard) CroR Ie Cave WEAR wa) =— Feros + Hh Doe EE ees + OAD + CHET 4 CARED Se LAL Nae ea AY FR cay i ’ Zz Ww A De fis Troe, tog 8 L is =P SS on, Artie » Stpm2 Drag Clb Wy bowte degre cusy pee) Sepa °. woof Oy aver Gee, Fiytiedia he uolo AND —> Snrvele 7 gee. Praplnte T oR eee v | She pd seman owor Corte Wht bubs ove Probvelwl> stab AMD Gube vtte Jyuithle = Waa seve —yp— = =D er Frente neClan frome work & Find out 3° 22! Complomauk of foUw!ry members “ ® Coctecoe © ursnit © jooostor GD (01010 B _Orvee jue fottoomps- @ 68915),90?), ® (101000), > (7), i © A Bee rod ocg) w @r2 Fe) C2), = ¢ 2) 2(VEz (2), = C7), @ Subba toro From 1616 wate a's Complennt @ Findout 9's amd to's Compliment of 24,386 . [tent aes wat Hy Ls © Bind ont tno valine of & ty G1001) Oy, Pe Bina fo eae DO determing the Valu of Sumber Converse x om G2), —s (214), i eth dren nen Cfo clecemnt Lory Power G xe! 4398) = omy? tien! aay? 5643 = axray aoa PF = 2x2 +k Hy or 2x 4x +4-5920 2x7 x 55 @ 24 Le toes Xlantny — S(ax+ nny e Qt4 l2-s= © 5 ahve (XK a5 Arnie ce em, J] Woke, Show the Porstive loose NAWD Gate by No Logre NOR Geke ancy ®D Seine Log, ee PomHw Lote =» Low =o, Hegho| N-egedive Logic > Low= 21, Highso Porstive Lowe NAN —— Negedive Lepie wan Porsiwe Llosse wor. Nagativr Lose wok. ° . a8 = AB [A[® ]y- a2 a Fi ie a) eo. All aL | fe oP ele |ar Ren aS Five Vowtable jc-maP ‘3 Rise 4 column Combe avrrked uu Aare huscliteg Pr tre Aare wry 42 the $ Vre K-map, afte whiel tu xematey four column Can be wuvried UL mM He reve crcl noc go oll oo 10 4a so} 400 al eens a a Oe RT a 20 TH 00 T + 3 q as ol " 3 fl 15 Ww ‘ ay ay. “le 2 lo Ge) Y = Em C3,6,7, 8, 10,12, 14,17 19,20/21,2% 297 27, 28) wf f. if 3 DE\ gov O01 oll |elio 110 ih} __16l/ joo of 4] ni e| | 24] 2) 7 00 TD, TTY | q rt a Ly 1 iid ty BE( Rares) +EVAC) +E F® AD)Crec) OE ae Reaae D + (eC 4 ®) NX = abe +ATE+ ABE +A8CO + ABH +h Be DE. g- OB { = Em6 15,7113, 19,18, 17j19,41,22, 255 29) F£4( 6,4, 5, 23,, 20) oe pee co on ole 10 i pot ao 7 a ey att oo] Bia = _ 2 o1 Tl¢? rth | y= 5e+d4Ac + vtaa) oO n DE +Acd +ABD ec beside Ba 7 Pr eis z| 4 8) & S| ow “ES —| al g e : vo ®ha yp Problems : (i) Sum of Products nye co - y ieee = Em(0,1,2, 3, #556, 2) ‘o ° Thi a Ut nT {| FIA BC) =} fancinn wdd Kerra aml Aleg Senplibot Bg. 7,8, Br Mrtwtee tye Fo tousrng beste e VAS write bosliem enpume a, Q sop art G) pos Yama) = m6 119,69, lo, nj19,1-) { eet dont conten Z Aoree) es os ee Fev sop w\o WWYe To | = Hee oe ai» \olo \a Yor eee = Ac + Fed +BEP/, nico lo treet ot ay “beat - fee fet pe mn TOR 5 CA te +0) 0B C48) -CA+E+5)-(B+Be dd Kemap tutte Bewit cere Cento ; Dew cowe menws tts Vane 63 tev 6 ary @ ¢ Meprmntued ty Ke De PA neal do mice pete rep my pate m4 tov ©, ot, any een. oe eB VOM B.6, 2) = Bm O13, MIS) +4 C02 2) es eo Lea a XOMesD= co + BR x 4 BY MADE TEA (12 BAIN DA CFD ey YOR aD = CAH. CAPE -COtBI-( OTEFUPPE DE) = EMO) 1,56, 9,13, 14, 17,2) 22, 25, 2) Pre) R20 a pe dee oo} 1 je m2 o ht —a a, ny 3] 3] 1} ge Fema) = TC 34/7, MIS, 1921,28,27,76 24,31) A A=) A 20 | pp we at co @, e\% oo or Jo @ «|_| Os \ of u" | (0 0 J eee, #, e B 048,006 ,5) 22m (011,2,3,8,%, 13,15, 29,23, 29 31,37, 39, 8, 53,55, 64 63 AR 20D pee Ae i. oli] os | \ fT T ©" Hy KH bb Ly ABslo [= 2, i fo BL as a a | ic = 5 sa ees SF o| I " a fi 5 : lo | YASOEL) 2 De + REETa fA = cpr Ap a Ie 1 ; f(A B60) = Tm(4S, 67,82) 4d CULL) ‘ \ ue ao ap (Aiea late) ftrsea) 2 Aeacnes a Dy) 18) Five 2 six Varsable_\k~ mops : F(AB60,) = Z(m( 0,656, 8,4, 10,1,16, 2, 2416 )26, 24,24, 3) Aino on \act | to Chil f(A BCE) = ie a