Basic Math Notes
1. Addition (+)
o Joining numbers together.
o Example: 5 + 3 = 8
2. Subtraction (–)
o Taking away numbers.
o Example: 9 – 4 = 5
3. Multiplication (×)
o Repeated addition.
o Example: 6 × 3 = 18
4. Division (÷)
o Splitting numbers into equal parts.
o Example: 12 ÷ 4 = 3
5. Order of Operations (PEMDAS)
o Parentheses → Exponents → Multiplication/Division → Addition/Subtraction
o Example: 2 + 3 × 4 = 14 (not 20)
6. Fractions
o Part of a whole (numerator/denominator).
o Example: ½ + ½ = 1
7. Decimals
o Another way of showing fractions.
o Example: 0.5 = ½
8. Percent (%)
o Means “per 100.”
o Example: 25% = 25 out of 100 = 0.25
9. Negative Numbers
o Numbers less than zero.
o Example: –5 + 3 = –2
10. Basic Shapes and Measurements
• Perimeter = distance around a shape
• Area = space inside a shape