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Control Systems Q1-10

The document contains a set of interview questions and answers related to control systems, covering fundamental concepts such as the definition of control systems, the differences between open-loop and closed-loop systems, and the advantages of closed-loop control. It also discusses feedback mechanisms, system stability, and the distinctions between servomechanisms and regulators, as well as linear versus non-linear control systems. Additionally, it addresses time-invariant and time-variant systems, providing a comprehensive overview for quick revision.

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mightyankit1975
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16 views2 pages

Control Systems Q1-10

The document contains a set of interview questions and answers related to control systems, covering fundamental concepts such as the definition of control systems, the differences between open-loop and closed-loop systems, and the advantages of closed-loop control. It also discusses feedback mechanisms, system stability, and the distinctions between servomechanisms and regulators, as well as linear versus non-linear control systems. Additionally, it addresses time-invariant and time-variant systems, providing a comprehensive overview for quick revision.

Uploaded by

mightyankit1975
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Control Systems Interview Questions 1–10

Q1. What is a control system?


A system that manages, commands, directs or regulates the behavior of other devices to achieve a desired output.
It compares measured output with a reference and acts via a controller/actuator to reduce error.

Q2. Differentiate between open-loop and closed-loop systems.


Open-loop: no feedback, output does not influence input (simpler, cheaper, but sensitive to disturbances).
Closed-loop: uses feedback to correct errors (better accuracy, disturbance rejection) at the cost of complexity.

Q3. Advantages of closed-loop control?


Improved accuracy and robustness, reduced sensitivity to parameter variations and disturbances, wider operating
range, and ability to meet dynamic specs (overshoot, settling) via tuning.

Q4. Examples of open-loop vs closed-loop.


Open-loop: toaster, washing machine timer, stepper motor with fixed pulses. Closed-loop: cruise control, servo
position control, voltage regulation with feedback.

Q5. Define feedback and feedforward control.


Feedback uses measured output to correct error after it occurs. Feedforward anticipates disturbances using
measurable inputs/models; often combined with feedback for performance.

Q6. What is system stability?


Ability of a system to produce a bounded output for any bounded input (BIBO) and to settle to equilibrium after
disturbances; mathematically, poles in left-half s-plane (continuous) or inside unit circle (discrete).

Q7. What is a servomechanism?


A feedback control system for precise control of mechanical position/velocity/acceleration, typically using a servo
motor, sensor (encoder/tacho), and controller.

Q8. Regulator vs servomechanism.


Regulator maintains a variable at a setpoint despite disturbances (e.g., voltage regulator). Servomechanism tracks
a command that changes with time (e.g., robot joint position).

Q9. Linear vs non-linear control systems.


Linear obey superposition (additivity and homogeneity) and time-invariance assumptions often apply; analyzable via
TF/state-space. Non-linear include saturation, dead-zone, friction; require describing functions, Lyapunov, or
simulation.

Q10. Time-invariant vs time-variant systems.


Time-invariant have constant parameters; response to a shifted input is a shifted output. Time-variant parameters
change with time (aging, scheduling), requiring time-varying models/control.
End of Q1–10. Prepared for quick revision.

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