Correct Answer: C
43. Consider the experiment of selecting a ball from a bag containing 3 red
balls and 2 blue balls. Let X be the number of red balls selected if only
one ball is drawn. What type of random variable is X?
◦ Continuous
◦ Discrete
◦ Neither
◦ Cannot be determined
Correct Answer: B
44. If a random variable can take on values like 1.1, 2.5, 3.8, ..., what type of
random variable is it most likely to be?
◦ Discrete
◦ Continuous
◦ Both
◦ Neither
Correct Answer: B
45. What is the relationship between the sample space and the set of
possible values of a random variable?
◦ The set of random variable values is always equal to the sample
space.
◦ The set of random variable values is a subset of the outcomes in
the sample space, mapped to numbers.
◦ The sample space is always a subset of the set of random variable
values.
◦ There is no direct relationship between them.
Correct Answer: B
46. Let X be the number of heads in 5 flips of a fair coin. Which of the
following is a valid probability for P(X = k), where k is a possible value of
X?
◦ 1.5
◦ -0.2
◦ 0.3
◦ 5
Correct Answer: C
47. Consider the random variable Y representing the exact distance from
the center of a target to where a dart lands. What type of random
variable is Y?
◦ Discrete
◦ Continuous
◦ Countable
◦ Integer
Correct Answer: B
48. The set of all possible outcomes when rolling two dice is large. If a
random variable X represents the sum of the numbers on the two dice,
what are the possible values of X?
◦ Any integer from 1 to 12.
◦ Integers from 2 to 12.
◦ Any real number between 2 and 12.
◦ Only the numbers 7 and 11.
Correct Answer: B
49. Which of the following statements about discrete random variables is
true?
◦ The probability of any single outcome can be found by integrating
its PDF.
◦ The probability of any single outcome is zero.
◦ The probability of any single outcome is found using its PMF.
◦ They can only take on two possible values.
Correct Answer: C
50. Which of the following statements about continuous random variables is
true?
◦ The probability of any single outcome is found using its PMF.
◦ The probability of any single outcome is typically greater than zero.
◦ The probability of any single outcome is zero.
◦ They can only take on integer values.
Correct Answer: C
51. If X is a random variable, what is the sample space for the experiment of
observing the outcome of X?
◦ The set of all possible values that X can take.
◦ A single value that X takes.
◦ The probability associated with a value of X.
◦ The formula used to calculate X.
Correct Answer: A
52. Which of the following is an example of a discrete random variable?
◦ The exact time it takes to run a mile.
◦ The number of goals scored in a soccer match.
◦ The temperature in a room.
◦ The height of a person.
Correct Answer: B
53. Which of the following is an example of a continuous random variable?
◦ The number of defective items in a sample of 100.
◦ The outcome of rolling a die.
◦ The amount of water consumed per day.
◦ The number of cars in a parking lot.
Correct Answer: C
54. In probability theory, a random variable is a function that maps:
◦ Outcomes to probabilities.
◦ Events to numbers.
◦ Sample space outcomes to real numbers.
◦ Probabilities to events.
Correct Answer: C
55. If X is a discrete random variable, what is the value of P(X = x) for a value
x that is not in the set of possible outcomes?
◦ 1
◦ 0.5
◦ 0
◦ Undefined
Correct Answer: C
56. For a continuous random variable Y, the probability P(Y ≤ y) is given by
the integral of its PDF from negative infinity up to y. This is known as the:
◦ Probability Mass Function (PMF).
◦ Probability Density Function (PDF).
◦ Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF).
◦ Expected Value Function.
Correct Answer: C
57. Consider the experiment of observing the number of cars passing a
specific point on a highway in a given minute. Let X be this number.
What are the possible values for X?
◦ X can be any non-negative real number.
◦ X can be any non-negative integer (0, 1, 2, ...).
◦ X can only be 1, 2, 3, or 4.
◦ X must be a positive integer.
Correct Answer: B
58. Which of the following describes a scenario that would lead to a discrete
random variable?
◦ Measuring the length of a fish caught.
◦ Recording the exact temperature of a patient.
◦ Counting the number of heads in 10 coin flips.
◦ Observing the time it takes for a battery to fail.
Correct Answer: C
59. Which of the following describes a scenario that would lead to a
continuous random variable?
◦ The number of correct answers on a test.
◦ The number of traffic lights encountered on a commute.
◦ The amount of time spent waiting for a bus.
◦ The outcome of a dice roll.
Correct Answer: C
60. If X is a discrete random variable, the set of all possible values it can take
is:
◦ An interval of real numbers.
◦ A countable set of numbers.
◦ Always a finite set.
◦ Always an infinite set.
Correct Answer: B
61. If Y is a continuous random variable, the set of all possible values it can
take is:
◦ A countable set of numbers.
◦ A finite set of numbers.
◦ An interval or a union of intervals of real numbers.
◦ Always a single value.
Correct Answer: C
62. The probability of a continuous random variable falling exactly on a
single point is:
◦ Equal to its PDF at that point.
◦ Always 1.
◦ Always 0.
◦ Equal to its CDF at that point.
Correct Answer: C
63. Let X be the number of defective items in a sample of 5. What is a
possible value for X?
◦ 2.5
◦ √3
◦ 4
◦ -1
Correct Answer: C
64. Let Y be the length of a randomly selected nail in millimeters. What is a
possible value for Y?
◦ The number of nails.
◦ 25
