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1. General matters
1.1 Scope
•This design standard applies to the steel support structure of thermal power generation equipment (boilers and associated equipment) stipulated in Article
39 of the Electricity Business Act. •Buildings and structures
stipulated in the Building Standards Act are exempt, and the policy will be determined separately.
1.2 Overview
1) Name of project:
2) Installation location: 13-5, Torigoe-cho, Karatsu-cho, Kyoto-gun, Fukuoka 3) Use: Support
structure for power generation equipment and structures for ancillary equipment 4) Structure: Steel
frame construction 5) Materials used: Steel
frame and plates: GB (Chinese) material * Floors, stairs, handrails: GB (Chinese) material * Anchor
bolts: JIS material High-strength bolts: Torshear type high-strength
bolts (S10T) * JIS materials will also be used if
additional modifications are required on-site.
2. Design Policy
2.1 Reference laws, regulations, standards, etc.
1) Seismic Design Regulations for Thermal Power Plants (JEAC 3605-2014) 2)
Building Standards Act, Enforcement Order and Notification
3) 2015 Edition: Commentary on Technical Standards for Building Structures (National Official Gazette Sales Cooperative Association)
4) GB Standards (Chinese National Standards) 5)
Customer's standards (if specified) 6) Our standards 7)
Fukuoka Prefecture
Building Standards Act Enforcement Regulations 8)
Steel Structure Design Criteria (Architectural Institute of Japan)
9) Steel Structure Joint Design Guidelines (Architectural Institute of Japan)
10) High Strength Bolted Joint Design and Construction Guidebook (Architectural Institute of Japan) 11)
Reinforced Concrete Structural Calculation Standards and Commentary 2010 (Architectural Institute of Japan) 12) Various
Composite Structure Design Guidelines and Commentary (Architectural Institute of Japan)
13) Exposed Column Base Design and Construction Guidelines Using Architectural Anchor Bolts and Commentary (Japan Society of Steel Construction) 14)
Chimney Structure Design Guidelines (Architectural Institute of
Japan) 15) Tower-shaped Steel Structure Design Guidelines and Commentary (Architectural Institute of Japan)
2.2 Structural planning
1) Structural type -
The structural type will be steel frame construction, and the basic structural type will be a brace structure in both the X and Y
directions. - The basic column base type will be an exposed column base, and if a brace structure is adopted, the
support condition will be assumed to be a complete pin support. When planning a rigid frame structure, the rotational rigidity of the
column base will be taken into consideration, except for minor cases. - In
principle, the foundation will be assumed to be solid, and the support displacement will be set to ±0, creating a
model in which support displacement is restrained.
2) Analysis method: In
principle, static stress analysis is performed using a program.
3) Program overview Programs
used: ADAM (Toyo Information Systems) / [Link] (Bentley Systems), etc. Ministerial certification: No Stress calculation method: Displacement
method
Application range: Analysis of arbitrary shaped three-dimensional frames
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2.3 Allowable stress of materials
1) Allowable stress of steel
a) JIS material
Based on the "Steel Structural Design Standards (Architectural Institute of Japan)".
Unit: N/mm2
Material long
Plate Thickness F-Score short term
Type Compression Tension Bending Shear
SS400 ÿÿ40 235 156 90
SM400
SN400ÿ
STK400 40ÿÿÿ100 215 143 83
ÿ1 ÿ2
1.5 times
SM490 ÿÿ40 325 216 125
longer term
SN490ÿ
STK490 295 196 113
40ÿÿÿ100
Medium Bolt Strength distinction
120 70
SS400 equivalent 4.6 or 4.8
b) GB material
Using the lower limit of the standard yield point and tensile strength according to the GB standard (China National Standard),
The standard strength (F value) is determined according to the method specified in the "Steel Structure Design Standards (Architectural Institute of Japan)."
Unit: N/mm2
Material long
Plate Thickness F-Score short term
Type Compression Tension Bending Shear
t ÿ16 235 156 90
Q235 16ÿ t ÿ40 225 150 87
40ÿ t ÿ100 215 143 83
t ÿ16 245 163 94
#20 16ÿ t ÿ30 235 156 90
225 150 87 1.5 times
30ÿ t ÿ1 ÿ2
longer term
t ÿ16 329 219 126
16ÿ ÿ ÿ40 329 219 126
Q345 40ÿ ÿ ÿ63 325 216 125
63ÿ ÿ ÿ80 315 210 121
80ÿ t ÿ100 305 203 117
- The allowable strength of a bolt is calculated based on its effective cross-sectional area.
*1 The allowable stress for compression members takes buckling into consideration.
*2 For bending members, the allowable stress takes bending buckling into consideration.
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2) Allowable stress of anchor bolts
"Guidelines and Commentary on Design and Construction of Exposed Column Bases Using Anchor Bolts for Architectural Structures (Japan Steel Construction Association)"
According to. ÿ1
Unit: N/mm2
Material long
Call path F-Score short term
Type Compression Tension Bending Shear
ABR400 ÿ20ÿ d ÿÿ27 235 156 90
ÿ30ÿ d ÿÿ42 325 216 125
1.5 times
ABR490
longer term
ÿ45ÿ d ÿÿ48 295 196 113
ABM490 ÿ52ÿ d 295 196 113
*1 When considering the ultimate state, the maximum design strength according to the guidelines shall be applied.
3) Allowable and maximum strength of high-strength bolts
Based on the "High-Strength Bolted Joint Design and Construction Guidebook (Architectural Institute of Japan)."
Unit: kN
Allowable strength
Maximum endurance
design
long
Type Nominal size bolt
Shear 1st Short term shear
tension Tensile Tensile
side 2nd side 30.2 One side, two sides
M16 106.0 60.3 62.3 121.0 241.0 157.0
S10T M20 165.0 M22 47.1 94.2 97.4 57.0 114.0 118.0 Long-term 188.0 377.0 245.0
F10T 205.0 M24 238.0 67.9 136.0 140.0 1.5x 228.0 456.0 303.0
Slip coefficient ÿ 271.0 542.0 353.0
= 0.45.
4) Allowable stress for the throat section of the welded seam
a) JIS material
Based on the "Steel Structural Design Standards (Architectural Institute of Japan)".
Unit: N/mm2
long
Material
Plate Thickness F-Score Butt short term
Type Meat
Tensile Shear
SS400 ÿÿ40 235 156 90 90
SM400
SN400ÿ
STK400 40ÿÿÿ100 215 143 83 83
1.5 times
longer term
SM490 ÿÿ40 325 216 125 125
SN490ÿ
STK490 40ÿÿÿ100 295 196 113 113
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b) GB material
Using the lower limit of the standard yield point and tensile strength according to the GB standard (China National Standard),
The standard strength (F value) is determined according to the method specified in the "Steel Structure Design Standards (Architectural Institute of Japan)."
Unit: N/mm2
long
Material
Type Plate Thickness F-Score Butt short term
Meat
Tensile Shear
ÿ ÿ16 235 156 90 90
Q235 16ÿ ÿ ÿ40 225 150 87 87
40ÿ ÿ ÿ100 215 143 83 83
ÿ ÿ16 245 163 94 94
#20 16ÿ t ÿ30 235 156 90 90
1.5 times
30ÿ t 225 150 87 87
longer term
ÿ ÿ16 329 219 126 126
16ÿ ÿ ÿ40 329 219 126 126
Q345 40ÿ ÿ ÿ63 325 216 125 125
63ÿ ÿ ÿ80 315 210 121 121
80ÿ ÿ ÿ100 305 203 117 117
5) Allowable stress of concrete
Based on "Reinforced Concrete Structural Calculation Standards and Commentary 2010 (Architectural Institute of Japan)."
Unit: N/mm2
long short term
type
Compression Tension Shear Compression Tension Shear
(1/30)Fcÿÿÿÿ
usually and Long-term
Long-term
Concrete (1/3)Fc ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ0. ÿÿÿ
2x
R 49+(1/100)Fcÿÿ 1.5x
below
-The concrete strength for the column base design is assumed to be Fc = 21N/mm2.
- Cone destruction of anchor bolts is an item to be considered in the foundation design.
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3. Load and external forces
3.1 Fixed load (G)
1) Steel materials: columns, girders, beams, etc. ÿ78500N/m3
Plates : 20% of steel weight
2) Floor Checkered steel plate (with reinforcing ribs: equivalent to FB-65x6) ÿ550Nÿm2 ÿ
Checkered steel plate (without 400Nÿm2
reinforcing ribs) Grating ÿ350N/m2
3) Other : To be calculated according to actual circumstances.
3.2 Load capacity (P)
The load capacity shall be in accordance with the table below, except in special cases, as per our company standards.
Unit: N/ÿ For bed and
small beam design For column, beam and foundation design For earthquake force calculation
Architecture Class
2000 500 50
Stairs
- The reduction in live load based on the number of supported floors pursuant to Article 85 of the Building Standards Act does not apply.
3.3 Machine load (E)
The weight of each device, the weight of insulation material, the weight of contents, and the thermal expansion and other operating conditions
Apply the considered load.
3.4 Hoist load (H)
•In order to ensure a safe design, the hoist load will be considered in combination with the long-term load.
(Since these are not loads for normal use, they will not be combined with earthquake loads or wind loads.)
- The hoist load here does not apply to overhead cranes, so it is based on the "Steel Structure Design Standards"
Consideration of horizontal forces on the crane runway is treated as non-applicable.
3.5 Maintenance load (M)
If maintenance of equipment, etc. is expected to be performed within the structure, consider the load according to the actual situation.
Specifically, it indicates the area of the floor to be used during INTREX maintenance.
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3.6 Seismic load (K) Based
on "Seismic design regulations for thermal power plants JEAC 3605-2014".
1) Structures over 31m in height (However,
it is necessary that the shear force of the seismic intensity method in each story can envelope the story shear force of the modified seismic intensity method.
If this can be confirmed, sufficient safety can be ensured even if designing is done using the seismic intensity method, so it
can be considered using the seismic intensity method regardless of height.)
Modified seismic
intensity method Qi =
Ci•Wi Qi: Earthquake story shear force of
each story Ci: Earthquake story shear
force coefficient Wi: Weight above the i-th floor
ÿÿÿÿ•ÿÿ•ÿÿ•ÿÿ
Z: Regional earthquake coefficient 0.8 Based on the "Building Standards Act Notification (Notification No. 1793 of 1980)".
Rt: Vibration characteristic coefficient
T: Primary natural period for design, calculated by approximate
calculation method. Tc: Value according to the type of ground 0.8 (Class 3
ground) Ai: Story shear force distribution
coefficient Co: Standard story shear force coefficient 0.2
2) Structures up to 31m high
Seismic
Intensity K=KSH•W
K: Seismic force on aboveground part of
structure W:
Weight KSH = 0.15•ÿ1•ÿ2•ÿ3•ÿ4 ÿ1: Regional correction
coefficient 0.8 according to "Building Standards Law Notification (Notice No. 1793 of 1980)". ÿ2: Ground correction coefficient 2.0
(Tertiary or later ground) ÿ3: Importance coefficient 0.65 (uniform according to
JEAC3605-2014 4.2.2) ÿ4: Correction coefficient by installation location ÿ4 = 1.0 if height is 16m or less ÿ4 =
0.0125h + 0.8 if height exceeds 16m, where
h is the height (m) from ground surface. However, if
0.15•ÿ1•ÿ2•ÿ3 is less than 0.2, 0.2 should be used.
3) Rooftop protrusions: Exhaust stack structures protruding from the rooftop of the boiler structure
Based on the "Building Standards Act Notification (Notification No. 1389 of 2000)".
ÿ=ÿ•ÿ
P: Seismic force
K: Horizontal seismic intensity (a value obtained by multiplying the earthquake region coefficient Z by a value of 1.0 or
more) W: Sum of the fixed load and live load of the supporting structure
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3.7 Wind pressure (W)
According to "Article 87 of the Building Standards Law Enforcement Order." However, for exterior
materials, according to "Notification of the Building Standards Law (Notification No. 1458 of 2000)."
W = Cf Aq (N) Cf: Wind
coefficient (calculated for each structure) For the wind
coefficient of lattice structures such as steel towers, either multiply the wind
coefficient according to "Construction Notice No. 1454 of 2000" by the visible area, or multiply
the wind coefficient of each component according to "Building Load Guidelines
and Commentary" by the visible area of each component. A: Pressure-receiving area (m2)
q = 0.6 E Vo2 q: Velocity pressure
(N/m2) E: A value calculated
using a method specified by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and
Tourism based on the height of the roof of the building in question and
the conditions of buildings, other structures, trees and other things in the
surrounding area that affect wind speed.
Vo: Standard wind speed according to the regional classification
(m/sec) Kanda-cho, Kyoto-gun, Fukuoka Prefecture ÿm/secÿ
Vo = 34 According to the "Building Standards Law Notification (No. 1454 of
2000)". E = Er2 Gf Er:
Coefficient expressing the vertical distribution of average wind
speed Gf: Gust effect coefficient
Ground surface roughness classification: II. According
to the "Building Standards Law Notification (No. 1454 of 2000)" and Fukuoka Prefecture guidance.
3.8 Snow load (S) Based on
Article 86 of the Building Standards Act Enforcement Order and Article 7-3 of the Fukuoka Prefecture Building Standards Act Enforcement Regulations.
Vertical snow accumulation: 17 ÿÿ
Unit Weight: 20 ÿ/ÿ/ÿÿ
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3.9 Combinations of stresses
Load condition Stress Combination
During operation ÿÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ
long
During maintenance ÿÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ
During an earthquake ÿÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ
short term During a storm ÿÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ
When snow accumulates ÿÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ
G: Stress due to fixed load
E: Stress due to equipment load
P: Stress due to live load
M: Stress due to maintenance load
K: Stress due to earthquake force
W: Wind pressure stress
S: Stress due to snow load
H: Stress due to hoist load
- The hoist load used during construction (when not in operation) shall not be combined with the live load.
The loading conditions during construction will be considered separately.
4. Deformation performance
4.1 Vertical Displacement
1) The allowable values for vertical displacement of beams and floors per beam span (ÿ) are as follows:
•Boiler support beams •Ash hopper support beams 1/800 or 25mm or less
•Bunker support beams •Other equipment 1/400 and 25mm or less
support beams •Hoist rails (manual or electric, less than 3 tons) ÿÿÿÿÿ
•Hoist rails (electric, 3 tons or more) •Large beams ÿÿÿÿÿ
(beams between columns) ÿÿÿÿÿ
•Small ÿÿÿÿÿ
beams ÿÿÿÿÿ
•Cantilever beams •Grating floors •Checkered steel floors ÿÿÿÿÿ
*For the main equipment support beams, absolute deflection values of 25 mm or less will be taken into consideration.
4.2 Horizontal Displacement
1) The allowable values for horizontal displacement of the beam per span (ÿ) are as follows:
- Horizontal displacement of beams supporting exterior materials ÿÿÿÿÿ
2) The allowable values for story height (h) regarding inter-story drift are as follows:
•First design ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ
*If the tolerance is set to less than 1/200, the deformation tracking performance of the exterior material shall be presented as the basis.
However, if the tolerance is set to less than 1/200, the deformation tracking performance of the exterior material will be confirmed.
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